CN103636637B - A kind of composition pesticide of foliage-spray control crop root nematodosis - Google Patents
A kind of composition pesticide of foliage-spray control crop root nematodosis Download PDFInfo
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- CN103636637B CN103636637B CN201310649193.9A CN201310649193A CN103636637B CN 103636637 B CN103636637 B CN 103636637B CN 201310649193 A CN201310649193 A CN 201310649193A CN 103636637 B CN103636637 B CN 103636637B
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- Prior art keywords
- nitrophenolate
- oxamyl
- parts
- compound
- root
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the composition pesticide of a kind of foliage-spray control crop root nematodosis, active ingredient is oxamyl, plant induced resistance agent, wherein plant induced resistance agent is any one or the two mixture with the plant growth regulator of induction of resistance effect or active polysaccharide, plant growth regulator comprises compound nitrophenol salt, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, active polysaccharide comprises chitosan oligosaccharide, Portugal's polyene sugar, the weight portion of its active ingredient is: oxamyl 0.05-90.0 part, plant induced resistance agent 0.05-90.0 part.The present invention utilizes the synergy killing nematode and induction of resistance, control generation and the development of crop root nematodosis, crop root is conducted to by Foliage Absorption, suppress nematode in root intrusion, parasitic and breeding, remove the poisonous secretion of nematode to the injury of crop simultaneously, alleviate the symptom such as yellow, wilting, slow down the formation of root insect gall.In the present invention occurs crop field upper part, absorption insect, leaf diseases also have significant control efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, in particular to a pesticide composition for preventing and treating crop root nematode disease by foliar spraying.
Background
The crop root nematode disease comprises root knot nematode disease (root knot nematode) and Cyst nematode disease (Cyst nematode).
Root knot nematode disease is common, has wide parasitic range, can occur at the roots of various crops such as peanuts, cucumbers, white gourds, tomatoes, eggplants, lettuce, carrots, cabbages, beans, vegetables and the like, and mainly distributes in 5-30cm of soil by overwintering eggs in the soil, wherein the insect-carrying soil is a main primary infection source and is spread along with soil particles through diseased root residues, the operation of people and animals of agricultural machinery, and water flow and wind blowing. Root knot nematode fly maggots live in a saprophytic way, parasitize on fibrous roots or lateral roots of roots, secrete toxins while absorbing nutrients, and stimulate root systems to generate fertilizer, tumor and nodular knots at diseased parts. After the root knot is formed, the leaves on the overground part turn yellow, grow slowly, yellow and withered spots appear on the leaf edges or leaf tips, diseased plants are short and small, have few fruits and wilting or wither in advance at noon, and are accompanied by the harm of other biological sources, so that the yield and the quality of the vegetables are seriously influenced.
With the rapid development of agriculture of a protected area, the four-season limit of agriculture is broken through, a good living environment is provided for the growth of crops, and the greenhouse also becomes a hotbed for the growth and reproduction of biological sources of pests, such as root-knot nematode disease which is more serious day by day and gradually develops into main diseases of greenhouse vegetables, the yield is generally reduced by more than 10%, and the yield of a seriously diseased land is reduced by 30-40%, even the land is not harvested.
The cyst nematode disease mainly comprises soybean cyst nematode disease and wheat cyst nematode disease, the wheat cyst nematode disease is the new disease with the greatest production threat at present, typical symptoms of overground parts are plant dwarfing, emaciation, yellow leaves, similar fertilizer deficiency, branching of underground root systems, much and short, a large number of cysts, different degrees of occurrence in a main wheat production area, and long-distance cross-area harvesting of wheat is a main transmission way. In recent years, the wheat is rapidly developed and spread in major production areas of wheat, such as Henan, Shandong, Hebei and the like, the yield is generally reduced by 20-30%, the yield in serious disease areas can be reduced by more than 70%, and even the wheat is completely harvested.
The comprehensive prevention and control method implemented at present is to popularize disease-resistant varieties, reasonable paddy-upland rotation, deep ploughing and soil drying, additional application of organic fertilizers, chemical agent prevention and control and biological agent prevention and control. The toxicity of the chemical control agent is high-toxicity and high-toxicity pesticide, the using method comprises soil disinfection and soil fumigation, the dosage is large, the cost is high, and the wide application of the high-toxicity chemical pesticide not only seriously pollutes the environment, but also destroys the ecological balance of the environment and harms the human health; the biological control period is long, the effect is slow, and other control methods can not solve the problem of the root nematode disease of the current crop.
Oxamyl, also known as warfarin, carboximate, oxamyl, the chemical name O-methylcarbamoyl-1-dimethylcarbamoyl-1-methylthiocarboximidol, is readily soluble in water (28 g/100ml, 20 ℃), is non-corrosive in aqueous solution, is stable in solid state and in most solvents, is highly toxic in bulk drugs, decomposes to harmless products in natural water and soil, and has a decomposition rate related to ventilation, sunlight, alkaline media, temperature, and the like.
The prior related reports are as follows: the 24% Wanqiang aqua (namely the oxamyl) is sprayed with 500 times of the solution 600 kg/hectare on the leaf surface, 10% Wanqiang granules are spread at 10-45 kg/hectare, and the control effect is 50-60% for preventing and treating the root-knot nematode disease of vegetables, peanuts and tobacco. Because the prevention and treatment effect is poor, the popularization and the application are not realized in production.
Therefore, it is required to develop a new pesticide which has remarkable effect, is convenient to use, has small dosage and can prevent and treat the root nematode disease by spraying on the leaf surfaces.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pesticide composition which has obvious effect and convenient use and can prevent and control the root nematode disease of crops by foliage spraying.
The invention provides a pesticide composition for preventing and treating root nematode diseases of crops by foliage spraying, which comprises the effective components of oxamyl and a plant resistance inducer.
Specifically, the effective components of the pesticide composition consist of the following components in parts by weight: 0.05-90.0 parts of oxamyl and 0.05-90.0 parts of plant resistance-inducing agent.
Preferably, the effective components of the pesticide composition consist of the following components in parts by weight: 1.0-90.0 parts of oxamyl and 0.2-50.0 parts of plant resistance-inducing agent.
Further preferably, the active ingredients of the pesticide composition consist of the following components in parts by weight: 2.0 to 90.0 portions of oxamyl and 0.4 to 50.0 portions of plant resistance inducer.
In the above pesticide composition:
the weight portion can be the known weight unit in the pesticide field such as mu g, mg, g, kg, etc., or the multiple of the known weight unit, such as 10 times, 100 times, one tenth, one hundredth.
The plant resistance inducer is one or the mixture of two of a plant growth regulator with resistance induction function or active polysaccharide;
the plant growth regulator is one or a mixture of compound nitrophenolate and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, wherein the compound nitrophenolate is compound sodium nitrophenolate, compound potassium nitrophenolate or compound ammonium nitrophenolate, and the compound nitrophenolate is a compound mixture of 5-nitroguaiacol salt, o-nitrophenolate and p-nitrophenolate in a weight ratio of 1: 2: 3, the sodium salt, the sylvite and the ammonium salt are similar bioactive substances;
the active polysaccharide is any one of chitosan oligosaccharide and glucan or a mixture of the chitosan oligosaccharide and the glucan.
Preferably, the effective components of the pesticide composition consist of the following components in parts by weight: 2.0-90.0 parts of oxamyl, 0.4-40 parts of plant growth regulator and 0.4-40 parts of active polysaccharide.
Preferably, the effective components of the pesticide composition consist of the following components in parts by weight: 2.0-90.0 parts of oxamyl, 2-40 parts of plant growth regulator and 0.4-40 parts of active polysaccharide.
The pesticide composition for preventing and treating the root nematode diseases of the crops by foliage spraying also comprises 1.0 to 99.0 parts by weight of soluble filler.
The soluble filler is various soluble fillers commonly used in the art, and according to the common general knowledge of those skilled in the art, inorganic salts or organic salts containing plant nutrients, such as inorganic salts or organic salts containing potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, manganese, copper, zinc, ammonium, etc., urea containing nitrogen, etc., are preferred, and specifically calcium chloride, potassium chloride, manganese chloride, magnesium chloride, ammonium chloride, urea, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium acetate, or potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The pesticide composition provided by the invention is a preparation known in the field, and soluble powder and water aqua are preferred.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the pesticide composition, which comprises the following steps: weighing the components according to the proportion, and then uniformly mixing.
The invention also provides application of the pesticide composition in preparation of a pesticide for preventing and treating the root nematode disease of crops.
The root nematode disease is cyst nematode disease or root knot nematode disease.
The crops are wheat, soybean, tobacco, peanut, celery, tomato, watermelon, Chinese cabbage and carrot.
The pesticide composition for preventing and treating the root nematode disease of the crops by foliar spraying has the following advantages:
1. the pesticide composition for preventing and treating the root nematode disease of the crops by foliar spraying comprises the following components in part by weight:
oxamyl, also known as warfarin, carboximate, oxamyl, the chemical name O-methylcarbamoyl-1-dimethylcarbamoyl-1-methylthiocarboximidol, is readily soluble in water (28 g/100ml, 20 ℃), is non-corrosive in aqueous solution, is stable in solid state and in most solvents, is highly toxic in bulk drugs, decomposes to harmless products in natural water and soil, and has a decomposition rate related to ventilation, sunlight, alkaline media, temperature, and the like. The oxamyl is a carbamate pesticide and a nematicide with basal conductivity, systemic action and contact killing action, has wide insecticidal spectrum, quick degradation, low residue and safe use, and can be used for preventing and treating various pests such as thrips, aphids, flea beetles, noctuids, mites and the like, root nematodes and stem nematodes.
The compound nitrophenolate comprises compound sodium nitrophenolate, compound potassium nitrophenolate or compound ammonium nitrophenolate, and consists of 5-nitroguaiacol salt, o-nitrophenolate and p-nitrophenolate in a weight ratio of 1: 2: 3, and the sodium salt, the potassium salt and the ammonium salt of the compound nitrophenolate are similar bioactive substances. The compound nitrophenolate belongs to a growth-promoting plant growth regulator, is a cell activating agent, is easy to dissolve in water, stable at normal temperature, low in toxicity, free of residue and wide in application range. The compound nitrophenolate can promote the protoplasm flow of cells, increase the cell vitality, promote the growth and development and improve the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops.
Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate (DA-6), a chemical name, is diethylaminoethanol caproate, belongs to a growth-promoting plant growth regulator, is easy to dissolve in water, stable at normal temperature and under neutral and acidic conditions, low in toxicity, free of residues and wide in application range. The diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate can improve the activity of plant peroxidase and nitrate reductase, increase the content of chlorophyll, accelerate the photosynthesis speed, enhance the resistance to stress and damage, promote the division and the extension of plant cells, promote the development of root systems and regulate the nutrient balance in vivo.
Chitosan oligosaccharides (Oligosaccharins), also known as amino-oligosaccharides, have a chemical name of beta-1, 4-oligo-glucosamine, belong to polysaccharide bioactive substances, are plant resistance inducers, are easily soluble in water, stable in weak acid and weak alkaline solutions, are slightly toxic, and are easily degradable in the environment. The chitosan oligosaccharide can activate plant cells, promote roots and strong seedlings, promote plant growth, activate a plant immune system, improve the activity of a defense enzyme and an active oxygen scavenging enzyme system related to disease resistance and stress-resistant metabolism, induce the stress resistance of plants, such as disease resistance, cold resistance, high temperature resistance, drought and waterlogging resistance, saline resistance, fertilizer damage resistance and the like, and prevent, alleviate and repair the damage of stress to the plant cells.
The glucans belong to polysaccharide bioactive substances, are novel plant resistance inducers, are slightly toxic and are easily soluble in water. The glucanase as an exogenous regulatory factor can induce plants to generate plant protection matters capable of killing pathogenic microorganisms, and reduce the generation of various crop diseases; can also be used as a growth regulating factor to effectively promote various metabolic activities of plant growth, branching, flowering, fruiting and the like and improve the crop yield.
In research, the plant growth regulator compound nitrophenolate with resistance induction effect, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, active polysaccharide chitosan oligosaccharide and glucan have synergistic effect with a nematicide 'oxamyl' in the pesticide composition for preventing and treating root nematode diseases by foliage spraying; meanwhile, the plant growth regulator compound nitrophenolate and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate have synergistic effect with active polysaccharide chitosan oligosaccharide and glucose. The compound pesticide is mixed with plant growth regulator compound nitrophenolate with resistance inducing effect, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, active polysaccharide chitosan oligosaccharide and glucan as single preparation or mixed preparation, and can obviously improve the control effect of the oxamyl.
2. Relevant researches show that the substantial substance of root nematode disease is that when the nematode invades a host root system, the nematode only absorbs nutrients, and most importantly, the nematode simultaneously secretes toxic secretion to stimulate the root system to generate fertilizer tumor-shaped knots or cysts at the invasion part. After the root knot or the cyst is formed, the leaves on the overground part turn yellow, grow slowly, yellow withered spots appear on the leaf edges or leaf tips, diseased plants are short and small, have few fruits, wilted at noon or withered in advance, and are accompanied by the harm of other biological sources.
The pesticide composition for preventing and treating the root nematode disease of the crops by foliar spraying comprises the nematicide with basal conductivity and the plant resistance inducer, is absorbed and conducted to the roots of the crops through the foliar, inhibits the invasion, parasitism and reproduction of the nematodes at the roots, simultaneously induces the basic resistance of the crops, promotes the metabolism of active oxygen in plants, decomposes the toxic secretion of the nematodes, relieves the harm of the toxic secretion of the nematodes to the crops, slows down the formation of root galls, relieves the symptoms of yellowing, wilting and the like, and comprehensively utilizes the synergistic effect of the nematode killing and resistance induction to control the occurrence and development of the root nematode disease of the crops.
3. The pesticide composition for preventing and treating the root nematode diseases of the crops by foliar spraying can be widely applied to the root knot nematode diseases of the crops such as vegetables and peanuts and the cyst nematode diseases of the crops such as wheat and soybeans, has obvious prevention and treatment effects on systemic pests and leaf diseases of the overground parts of the crops, and is also suitable for exogenous injuries such as herbicide hazard, hormone hazard, low-temperature freezing hazard, salt and alkali hazard, waterlogging hazard and the like.
4. Compared with the prior art popularized at present, the pesticide composition for preventing and treating the root nematode disease of the crops by foliar spraying has the outstanding characteristics that the use method is simple and convenient, the irrigation of roots or soil spreading is changed into foliar spraying, the dosage is reduced, the prevention and treatment cost is reduced, the effect of preventing and treating the root nematode disease of the crops is remarkable, the prevention and treatment effect is 79.6-100.0 percent, and the yield is increased by 9.7-74.3 percent. The spraying concentration is generally 500ppm and the spraying liquid medicine amount is 450 kg/hm2The dosage of the effective components is reduced to 112.5-300g/hm2. The amount can be adjusted as desired by those skilled in the art.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the following examples, the particle size range of all the raw materials is not limited, but in order to satisfy the requirements of fluidity and uniformity of the prepared formulation, the raw material components having a particle size of 0.01 to 0.99mm are preferable. But should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The compound nitrophenolate used below is compound sodium nitrophenolate, compound potassium nitrophenolate or compound ammonium nitrophenolate, wherein the compound nitrophenolate is 5-nitroguaiacol salt, o-nitrophenolate and p-nitrophenolate in a weight ratio of 1: 2: 3, for example, the compound sodium nitrophenolate is prepared from 5-nitroguaiacol sodium, o-nitrophenol sodium and p-nitrophenol sodium according to the weight ratio of 3: 6: 9 (reduced to 1: 2: 3).
The active ingredients used in the present invention are commercially available raw materials having a high purity, and the purity is less than 100%, but the total of the filler and the active ingredient is not 100% in each example because the purity does not affect the agricultural chemical composition.
Example 1: pesticide composition '90% oxamyl, 1% compound sodium nitrophenolate, 1% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 1% chitosan oligosaccharide and 1% soluble powder of glucose'
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): 90.0% oxamyl; 1.0% of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 1.0% of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate; 1.0% of chitosan oligosaccharide; 1.0% of dextrane sugar; calcium chloride as filler.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing 94.7g of 95% oxamyl, 1.0g of 98% compound sodium nitrophenolate, 1.0g of 98% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 1.1g of 90% chitosan oligosaccharide, 1.1g of 95% dextran polysaccharide and 1.1g of filler calcium chloride, and uniformly mixing the components.
Example 2: pesticide composition '40% oxamyl, 0.2% potassium nitrophenolate, 0.2% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 10% chitosan oligosaccharide and 10% soluble powder of glucose'
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): (iii) oxamyl 40.0%; 0.2 percent of compound potassium nitrophenolate; 0.2% of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate; 10.0% of chitosan oligosaccharide; 10.0% of glucal; and (4) filling potassium chloride.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 42.1g of 95 percent oxamyl, 0.2g of 98 percent potassium nitrophenolate, 0.2g of 98 percent diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 11.1g of 90 percent chitosan oligosaccharide, 10.5g of 95 percent dextran polysaccharide and 35.9g of filler potassium chloride are respectively weighed and evenly mixed.
Example 3: pesticide composition '40% oxamyl, 10% compound ammonium nitrophenolate, 10% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.2% chitosan oligosaccharide and 0.2% soluble powder of glucose'
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): (iii) oxamyl 40.0%; 10.0 percent of compound ammonium nitrophenolate; diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 10.0%; 0.2 percent of chitosan oligosaccharide; 0.2% of glucal; and (4) filling urea.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 42.1g of 95 percent oxamyl, 10.2g of 98 percent compound ammonium nitrophenolate, 10.2g of 98 percent diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.2g of 90 percent chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.2g of 95 percent dextran sugar and 37.1g of filler urea are respectively weighed and evenly mixed.
Example 4: pesticide composition '50% oxamyl, 20% sodium nitrophenolate, 0.5% chitosan oligosaccharide and 0.5% soluble powder of glucose'
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): 50.0% oxamyl; 20.0 percent of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 0.5 percent of chitosan oligosaccharide; 0.5% of glucal; the filler is manganese chloride.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing 52.6g of 95% oxamyl, 20.4g of 98% compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.6g of 90% chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.5g of 95% dextran sugar and 25.9g of filler manganese chloride, and uniformly mixing the components.
Example 5: pesticide composition '50% oxamyl, 10% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.2% chitosan oligosaccharide and 0.2% soluble powder of glucose'
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): 50.0% oxamyl; diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 10.0%; 0.2 percent of chitosan oligosaccharide; 0.2% of glucal; and (4) filling zinc sulfate.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing 52.6g of 95% oxamyl, 10.2g of 98% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.2g of 90% chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.2g of 95% dextran sugar and 36.8g of filler zinc sulfate, and uniformly mixing the components.
Example 6: pesticide composition '60% oxamyl, 1% compound sodium nitrophenolate, 1% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and 20% chitosan oligosaccharide soluble powder'
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): (iii) oxamyl 60.0%; 1.0% of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 1.0% of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate; 20.0% of chitosan oligosaccharide; calcium acetate was used as a filler.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing 63.2g of 95% oxamyl, 1.0g of 98% sodium nitrophenolate, 1.0g of 98% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 22.2g of 90% chitosan oligosaccharide and 12.6g of filler calcium acetate, and uniformly mixing the components.
Example 7: pesticide composition '60% oxamyl, 1% compound sodium nitrophenolate, 1% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and 20% soluble powder of glucose'
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): (iii) oxamyl 60.0%; 1.0% of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 1.0% of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate; 20.0% of dextrane sugar; and a filler of magnesium chloride.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing 63.2g of oxamyl 95%, 1.0g of compound sodium nitrophenolate 98%, 1.0g of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 98%, 21.1g of dextrane 95% and 13.7g of filler magnesium chloride, and uniformly mixing the components.
Example 8: pesticide composition '20% oxamyl, 40% sodium nitrophenolate and 10% chitosan oligosaccharide soluble powder' for preventing and treating root nematode disease "
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): 20.0% oxamyl; 40.0 percent of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 10.0% of chitosan oligosaccharide; and filling material ammonium chloride.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 21.1g of 95 percent oxamyl, 40.8g of 98 percent compound sodium nitrophenolate, 11.1g of 90 percent chitosan oligosaccharide and 27.0g of filler ammonium chloride are weighed respectively and evenly mixed.
Example 9: pesticide composition '30% oxamyl, 5% sodium nitrophenolate and 20% chitosan oligosaccharide soluble powder'
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): 30.0% oxamyl; 5.0 percent of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 20.0% of chitosan oligosaccharide; calcium chloride as filler.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 31.6g of 95 percent oxamyl, 5.1g of 98 percent compound sodium nitrophenolate, 22.2g of 90 percent chitosan oligosaccharide and 41.1g of filler calcium chloride are respectively weighed and evenly mixed.
Example 10: pesticide composition '20% oxamyl, 5% compound sodium nitrophenolate and 40% soluble powder of glucose'
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): 20.0% oxamyl; 5.0 percent of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 40.0% of dextrane sugar; the filler is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 21.1g of oxamyl 95%, 5.1g of sodium nitrophenolate 98%, 42.1g of dextrane 95% and 31.7g of monopotassium phosphate filler are weighed respectively and mixed evenly.
Example 11: pesticide composition '30% oxamyl, 20% sodium nitrophenolate and 5% soluble powder of glucose'
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): 30.0% oxamyl; 20.0 percent of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 5.0% of glucal; copper sulfate as filler.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 31.6g of oxamyl 95%, 20.4g of sodium nitrophenolate 98%, 5.3g of dextrane 95% and 42.7g of copper sulfate filler are weighed respectively and mixed uniformly.
Example 12: pesticide composition '20% oxamyl, 40% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and 5% chitosan oligosaccharide soluble powder' for preventing and treating root nematode disease "
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): 20.0% oxamyl; diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 40.0%; 5.0% of chitosan oligosaccharide; ferrous sulfate is used as a filler.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 21.1g of 95 percent oxamyl, 40.8g of 98 percent diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 5.6g of 90 percent chitosan oligosaccharide and 32.5g of filler ferrous sulfate are respectively weighed and evenly mixed.
Example 13: pesticide composition '30% oxamyl, 20% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and 5% chitosan oligosaccharide soluble powder' for preventing and treating root nematode disease "
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): 30.0% oxamyl; diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 20.0%; 5.0% of chitosan oligosaccharide; calcium chloride as filler.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 31.6g of 95 percent oxamyl, 20.4g of 98 percent diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 5.6g of 90 percent chitosan oligosaccharide and 42.4g of filler calcium chloride are respectively weighed and evenly mixed.
Example 14: pesticide composition '20% oxamyl, 5% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and 40% soluble glucal powder' for preventing and controlling root nematode disease "
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): 20.0% oxamyl; 5.0% of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate; 40.0% of dextrane sugar; and filling ammonium sulfate.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 21.1g of 95 percent oxamyl, 5.1g of 98 percent diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 42.1g of 95 percent dextran sugar and 31.7g of filler ammonium sulfate are weighed respectively and evenly mixed.
Example 15: pesticide composition '30% oxamyl, 5% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and 20% soluble glucal powder' for preventing and controlling root nematode disease "
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): 30.0% oxamyl; 5.0% of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate; 20.0% of dextrane sugar; calcium chloride as filler.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 31.6g of 95 percent oxamyl, 5.1g of 98 percent diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 21.1g of 95 percent dextran sugar and 42.2g of filler calcium chloride are weighed respectively and evenly mixed.
Example 16: pesticide composition for preventing and treating root nematode disease, including 2% oxamyl, 1% sodium nitrophenolate, 1% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.2% chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.2% dextran sugar solution "
1. The components (100%): 2.0% oxamyl; 1.0% of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 1.0% of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate; 0.2 percent of chitosan oligosaccharide; 0.2 percent of glucal.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing 2.1g of 95% oxamyl, 1.0g of 98% compound sodium nitrophenolate, 1.0g of 98% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.2g of 90% chitosan oligosaccharide and 0.2g of 95% dextran sugar, putting into a 100ml volumetric flask, adding water to dissolve, and fixing the volume to 100ml to obtain the aqueous solution.
Example 17: pesticide composition '24% oxamyl, 3% sodium nitrophenolate and 1% chitosan oligosaccharide aqua' for preventing and treating root nematode disease "
1. The components (100%): 24.0% oxamyl; 3.0 percent of compound sodium nitrophenolate; 1.0 percent of chitosan oligosaccharide.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing 25.3g of 95% oxamyl, 3.1g of 98% compound sodium nitrophenolate and 1.1g of 90% chitosan oligosaccharide, putting into a 100ml volumetric flask, adding water to dissolve, and fixing the volume to 100ml to obtain the aqueous solution.
Example 18: pesticide composition '30% oxamyl, 10% sodium nitrophenolate and 10% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate soluble powder'
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): 30.0% oxamyl; 10.0 percent of compound sodium nitrophenolate; diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 10.0%; calcium chloride as filler.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 31.6g of oxamyl 95%, 10.2g of compound sodium nitrophenolate 98%, 10.2g of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 98% and 48.0g of calcium chloride filler are weighed respectively and mixed uniformly.
Example 19: pesticide composition '30% oxamyl, 10% chitosan oligosaccharide and 10% glucose soluble powder' for preventing and treating root nematode disease "
1. The components (weight percentage 100%): 30.0% oxamyl; 10.0% of chitosan oligosaccharide; 10.0% of glucal; calcium chloride as filler.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 31.6g of 95 percent oxamyl, 11.1g of 90 percent chitosan oligosaccharide, 10.5g of 95 percent dextran sugar and 46.8g of filler calcium chloride are weighed respectively and evenly mixed.
Example 20: pesticide composition '24% oxamyl and 1.8% compound sodium nitrophenolate water' for preventing and controlling root nematode disease "
1. The components (100%): 24.0% oxamyl; 1.8 percent of compound sodium nitrophenolate.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing 25.3g of 95% oxamyl and 1.8g of 98% compound sodium nitrophenolate, putting into a 100ml volumetric flask, adding water to dissolve, and fixing the volume to 100ml to obtain the aqua.
Example 21: pesticide composition '24% oxamyl and 5% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate aqua' for preventing and treating root nematode disease "
1. The components (100%): 24.0% oxamyl; 5.0 percent of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing 25.3g of 95% oxamyl and 5.1g of 98% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, putting into a 100ml volumetric flask, adding water to dissolve, and fixing the volume to 100ml to obtain the aqua.
Example 22: pesticide composition '24% oxamyl and 2% amino oligosaccharin aqua' for preventing and treating root nematode disease "
1. The components (100%): 24.0% oxamyl; 2.0 percent of chitosan oligosaccharide.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing 25.3g of 95% oxamyl and 2.2g of 90% chitosan oligosaccharide, putting into a 100ml volumetric flask, adding water to dissolve, and fixing the volume to 100ml to obtain the aqua.
Example 23: pesticide composition '24% oxamyl and 0.5% glucose and polyene sugar water agent' for preventing and controlling root nematode disease "
1. The components (100%): 24.0% oxamyl; 0.5 percent of glucal.
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing 25.3g of 95% oxamyl and 0.6g of 95% dextran sugar, placing into a 100ml volumetric flask, adding water to dissolve, and fixing the volume to 100ml to obtain the aqua.
Experimental example 1: effect experiment for preventing and treating root nematode disease by foliage spraying
1. Test treatments and materials:
the test treatment and spraying concentration are shown in Table 1, setting treatment 1-23, ck1The concentration of the oxamyl in the pesticide is 400 ppm. Wherein,
treatment 1-23: the pesticide compositions for preventing and controlling the root nematode disease of the crops are sprayed on the leaf surfaces respectively provided by the embodiments 1 to 23 of the invention;
control ck1: a 24% oxamyl water agent;
control ck2: 1% of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 1% of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 1% of chitosan oligosaccharide and 1% of soluble glucan powder;
control ck0: and (5) clear water control.
The starting materials for the preparation of each treatment (example) were: 95% of oxamyl, 98% of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 98% of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 90% of chitosan oligosaccharide, 95% of glucan and calcium chloride as a filler. Selecting particles with the granularity of 0.01-0.99mm as raw materials.
Table 1: test treatment set-up
2. Test method
The test uses potted tomatoes as the test crop, variety pollen 802. When 3-4 true leaves are transplanted into flowerpots with the diameter of 32 cm, 4 plants are planted in each pot, two pots are 1 group, and the process is repeated for 3 times. The pots are filled with disease layer root system soil of a disease-causing greenhouse, sieved, stripped from root systems of tomato root-knot nematode disease plants to obtain 15 nematode oocysts, and placed in a soil layer with the depth of 5 cm. On the 5 th day after transplanting, the spraying concentration of each treatment was adjusted according to 400ppm of oxamyl, and the dilution times and the concentrations of active ingredients are shown in table 1. Spraying the tomato root knot nematode agent once every 20 days, spraying the tomato root knot nematode agent 2 times in total, and after spraying the tomato root knot nematode agent 25 days for the second time, investigating the tomato root knot nematode condition and calculating the prevention and treatment effect. The grading standard of tomato root knot nematode disease is as follows:
level 0: asymptomatic manifestations in the root;
level 1: the swollen part of the main root is 1.5 times of the thickness of the normal root or 2.0 times of the swollen part of the lateral root;
and 3, level: the swollen part of the main root is 1.5-2.5 times of the thickness of the normal root, or the swollen part of the lateral root is 2.0-3.0 times of the normal lateral root;
and 5, stage: the swollen and enlarged part of the main root is 2.5-4.0 times of the thickness of the normal root, or the lateral root of about 1/3 is attacked;
and 7, stage: the swollen and enlarged part of the main root is 4.0 times of the normal root, or around 1/2 lateral roots.
The control effect was calculated as follows (1) and (2).
3. And (3) test results: the test results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: summary table of test results of pesticide composition for preventing and treating root nematode disease
Table 2 the results show:
1) the plant resistance inducer in the treatment 1 to 17 is a mixed agent of a plant growth regulator with resistance induction effect and active polysaccharide, wherein the plant growth regulator is one or two of compound nitrophenolate and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, the active polysaccharide is one or two of chitosan oligosaccharide and glucan, the effect of preventing and controlling the root nematode of crops by foliage spraying is 97.8 to 100.0 percent, and the mixed agent is obviously superior to the single agent or the mixed agent of the plant growth regulator and the active polysaccharide obtained by treating the plant resistance inducer of 18 to 23, so that the plant growth regulator and the active polysaccharide with the plant resistance induction effect have synergistic effect in the pesticide composition for preventing and controlling the root nematode of crops by foliage spraying.
2) The plant resistance inducer in the treatment 18 to 23 is a single agent or a mixed agent of a plant growth regulator with a plant resistance induction function and a single agent or a mixed agent of active polysaccharide, the effect of preventing and treating the root nematode disease of crops by foliage spraying is 80.1 to 81.3 percent, the difference among the treatments is not obvious, and the plant growth regulator compound nitrophenolate and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and the active polysaccharide chitosan oligosaccharide and the glucose have no synergistic action.
3) The control effect of the treatment 1 to 23 is obviously superior to that of the treatment ck158.4 percent of control effect of the single oxamyl agent (without plant resistance inducer) and treatment ck2Plant resistance inducer mixture (A)The mixed agent of the plant growth regulator compound nitrophenolate and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, the active polysaccharide chitosan oligosaccharide and the glucan) has the control effect of only 21.7 percent, which shows that the plant growth regulator compound nitrophenolate, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, the active polysaccharide chitosan oligosaccharide and the glucan have synergistic effect with the oxamyl in the related range of the test.
4. Conclusion of the experiment
In the pesticide composition for preventing and treating root nematode disease by foliage spraying, the plant growth regulator compound nitrophenolate and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate with resistance induction effect, active polysaccharide chitosan oligosaccharide and glucan have synergistic effect with oxamyl; meanwhile, the plant growth regulator compound nitrophenolate and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate have synergistic effect with active polysaccharide chitosan oligosaccharide and glucose. Therefore, the combination of the oxamyl and the plant growth regulator compound nitrophenolate and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate with resistance induction effect as well as the single agent or the mixed agent of the active polysaccharide chitosan oligosaccharide and the glucan can obviously improve the control effect of the oxamyl.
Experimental example 2
1. Test materials and methods
The test field is set in Puyang high-new area to help villages, and has good water and fertilizer conditions, convenient irrigation and drainage, uniform soil fertility and sandy soil quality. The tested vegetable is celery, a variety of Jinnan celery. The vegetables are planted in the test field for many years, and the celery root nematode disease is serious and uniform. Seedling raising in spring, wherein the seedlings are planted and fixed when the height of the seedlings is 5-6cm, the plant spacing is 15cm, the row spacing is 20cm, the ridge width is 1.5m, 7 rows are arranged in each ridge, and the density is about 2 ten thousand plants/mu. Cell area 18m2And the double ridges are 14 rows of areas, and the row length is 6 m. Other field management in the test process is normal.
Test agents: 24% oxamyl +3% sodium nitrophenolate +1% chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution (example 17)
Control agents: firstly, 24% of a oxamyl water agent; ② soluble powder of 1 percent of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 1 percent of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 1 percent of chitosan oligosaccharide and 1 percent of dextran polysaccharide.
The experimental treatment is set as follows: the pesticide composition for controlling root nematode disease of crops by foliar spray (24% oxamyl +3% sodium nitrophenolate +1% chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution) prepared in example 17 was treated with 6 control treatments of 600 times (450 ppm), 900 times (300 ppm), 1200 times (225 ppm), 24% oxamyl aqueous solution 600 times (400 ppm), 4% plant resistance-inducing agent mixture 1000 times (40 ppm) and clear water for 3 times, for 24 cells in total, and was randomly arranged in blocks.
5 days after the celery transplantation and field planting, the first spraying is started, the spraying liquid medicine amount in the residential area is about 1.35kg, the spraying liquid medicine amount per mu is 50 kg, and the spraying is performed for 2 times at intervals of 20 days.
And 5 points are selected in each cell according to a diagonal method during harvesting, 5 plants are selected at each point, and the occurrence condition of root knot nematode disease is investigated.
The grading criteria for root knot nematode disease are as follows:
level 0: no visible nodules or egg masses;
level 1: the total length of the root nodules accounts for 1% -24% of the total root length;
and 3, level: the total length of the root nodules accounts for 25% -49% of the total root length;
and 5, stage: the total length of the root nodules accounts for 50% -74% of the total root length;
and 7, stage: the total root length of the nodules is over 74% of the total root length.
The control effect was calculated according to the above formulas (1) and (2).
2. Test results
The control effect of the pesticide composition for controlling root nematode disease sprayed on the leaf surface is shown in table 3.
Table 3: summary table of test results of pesticide composition for preventing and treating root nematode disease
Table 3 the results show: the control effects of the foliar-spray pesticide composition for controlling root nematode disease of crops (24% oxamyl +3% sodium nitrophenolate +1% chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution) 600-fold solution (450 ppm), 900-fold solution (300 ppm) and 1200-fold solution (225 ppm) prepared in example 17 were 90.8%, 89.2% and 86.1%, respectively, and the control effects of the control agent 24% oxamyl aqueous solution 600-fold solution (400 ppm), the control agent 1% sodium nitrophenolate +1% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate +1% chitosan oligosaccharide +1% dextran soluble powder 1000-fold solution were 56.8% and 19.5%, respectively. Through analysis of variance, the control effects of the 600-time solution, the 900-time solution and the 1200-time solution of the embodiment 17 have no significant difference, and are all significantly better than the control effects of the medicament control 24% of the oxamyl water aqua 600-time solution and the 4% of the plant resistance inducer 1000-time solution.
The test result shows that: in the pesticide composition for preventing and treating the root nematode disease of the crops by foliage spraying, provided by the invention, the effect of preventing and treating the root knot nematode disease of the crops is obviously better than that of a single agent of a control medicament, namely the oxamyl and a plant resistance inducer mixed agent.
Experimental example 3
1. Test materials and methods
The effective components are as follows: 30% oxamyl, 2% sodium nitrophenolate and 2% chitosan oligosaccharide
And (3) test treatment: respectively taking calcium chloride, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, magnesium sulfate, potassium acetate, monopotassium phosphate and urea as fillers, and respectively treating the prepared pesticide composition containing the effective components by 1-7 times; the water aqua of the pesticide composition containing the effective components is treatment 8; clear water as reference ck0。
The preparation method comprises the following steps: soluble powder: selecting raw material components with the particle size of 0.01-0.99mm, respectively weighing 31.6g of 95% oxamyl, 2.0g of 98% sodium nitrophenolate and 2.2g of 90% chitosan oligosaccharide, sequentially weighing 64.2g of fillers of calcium chloride, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, magnesium sulfate, potassium acetate, monopotassium phosphate and urea, and respectively and uniformly mixing with the active ingredient components. (II) water agent: 31.6g of 95% oxamyl, 2.0g of 98% compound sodium nitrophenolate and 2.2g of 90% chitosan oligosaccharide are weighed and put into a 100ml volumetric flask, and water is added for dissolving and the volume is fixed to 100 ml.
The test method was the same as in example 1.
2. And (3) test results: see table 4.
Table 4: influence of different fillers on the control effect
Table 4 the results show that: the pesticide composition '30% oxamyl, 2% sodium nitrophenolate and 2% chitosan oligosaccharide' soluble powder or aqueous agent and 750 times of solution (453 ppm) are sprayed on the leaf surface, and the effect of preventing and treating the root nematode diseases of the crops is 97.6-100.0%. Through difference significance analysis, the difference between soluble powder and water aqua of different fillers is not significant.
The results show that: the pesticide composition provided by the invention has no obvious influence on the prevention and treatment effect due to different fillers and different formulations.
Experimental example 4
The pesticide composition for preventing and treating the root nematode disease of the crops is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the pesticide composition prepared in the example 1, a large-area multipoint test demonstration is carried out on the crops such as wheat, soybean, tobacco, peanut, celery, tomato and the like in the places such as Henan, Yunnan, Anhui, Hubei, Hebei and the like, and the treatment setting is that 470ppm (2000 times of liquid) of the pesticide composition prepared in the example 1 and 2 controls of clear water are adopted.
Exemplary results of the tests are shown in table 5.
Table 5: example 1 summary of exemplary results of crop root nematode control experiments
| Crops | Species of nematode disease | Control effect (%) | Yield increasing effect (%) |
| Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) | Cyst nematode disease | 82.3～92.9 | 12.2～34.3 |
| Soybean | Cyst nematode disease | 87.1～94.5 | 15.5～31.6 |
| Tobacco | Root knot nematode disease | 81.2～90.0 | 9.7～34.8 |
| Peanut | Root knot nematode disease | 82.2～93.3 | 10.7～26.6 |
| Celery | Root knot nematode disease | 87.3～96.9 | 22.3～39.2 |
| Tomato | Root knot lineDiseases and insect pests | 86.8～93.5 | 19.0～41.1 |
| Watermelon | Root knot nematode disease | 79.6～89.3 | 11.9～74.3 |
| Chinese cabbage | Root knot nematode disease | 84.5～96.1 | 11.1～42.0 |
| Carrot (Carex sativus L.) | Root knot nematode disease | 87.6～95.5 | 9.9～48.3 |
Table 5 the results show: the pesticide composition for preventing and treating the root nematode diseases of the crops by foliage spraying, prepared in the embodiment 1, has an obvious effect, the prevention and treatment effect is 79.6-96.9%, and the yield increase effect is 9.7-74.3%.
The results show that: the pesticide composition for preventing and treating the root nematode disease of the crops by foliage spraying is suitable for the root knot nematode disease and the cyst nematode disease of various crops, and not only has obvious preventing and treating effects, but also has obvious yield increasing effect.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove by way of general description, specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (13)
1. The pesticide composition for preventing and treating the root nematode disease of the crops by foliar spraying is characterized in that the effective components of the pesticide composition consist of the following components in parts by weight: the plant growth regulator is characterized by comprising 0.05-90.0 parts of oxamyl and 0.05-90.0 parts of plant resistance inducer, wherein the plant resistance inducer is one or a mixture of two of a plant growth regulator with resistance inducing effect or an active polysaccharide, the plant growth regulator is one or a mixture of two of compound nitrophenolate or diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, and the active polysaccharide is glucan.
2. The pesticide composition as set forth in claim 1, wherein the active ingredient of the pesticide composition consists of the following components in parts by weight: 1.0-90.0 parts of oxamyl and 0.2-50.0 parts of plant resistance-inducing agent.
3. The pesticide composition as set forth in claim 1, wherein the active ingredient of the pesticide composition consists of the following components in parts by weight: 2.0-90.0 parts of oxamyl and 0.4-50.0 parts of plant resistance-inducing agent.
4. The pesticide composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the compound nitrophenolate is a compound sodium nitrophenolate, a compound potassium nitrophenolate or a compound ammonium nitrophenolate, wherein the compound nitrophenolate is a compound of 5-nitroguaiacol salt, o-nitrophenolate or p-nitrophenolate in a weight ratio of 1: 2: 3, and (3).
5. A pesticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by further comprising a soluble filler in an amount of 1.0 to 99.0 parts by weight.
6. The pesticide composition as set forth in claim 5, further comprising a soluble filler in an amount of 1.0 to 99.0 parts by weight.
7. Use of the pesticidal composition of any one of claims 1 to 6 for the preparation of a pesticide for controlling root nematode disease in crops.
8. The pesticide composition for preventing and treating the root nematode disease of the crops by foliar spraying is characterized in that the effective components of the pesticide composition consist of the following components in parts by weight: 2.0-90.0 parts of oxamyl, 0.4-40 parts of plant growth regulator and 0.4-40 parts of active polysaccharide, wherein the plant growth regulator is one or a mixture of compound nitrophenolate or diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, and the active polysaccharide is any one or a mixture of chitosan oligosaccharide and glucan.
9. The pesticide composition as set forth in claim 8, wherein the active ingredient of the pesticide composition consists of the following components in parts by weight: 2.0-90.0 parts of oxamyl, 2-40 parts of plant growth regulator and 0.4-40 parts of active polysaccharide.
10. The pesticide composition as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein the compound nitrophenolate is compound sodium nitrophenolate, compound potassium nitrophenolate or compound ammonium nitrophenolate, wherein the compound nitrophenolate is a compound of 5-nitroguaiacol salt, o-nitrophenolate and p-nitrophenolate in a weight ratio of 1: 2: 3, and (3).
11. The pesticidal composition according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising a soluble filler in an amount of 1.0 to 99.0 parts by weight.
12. The pesticidal composition according to claim 11, further comprising a soluble filler in an amount of 1.0 to 99.0 parts by weight.
13. Use of the pesticidal composition of any one of claims 8 to 12 for the preparation of a pesticide for controlling root nematode disease in crops.
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