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CN103628519A - Excavator gyration braking energy recovery system - Google Patents

Excavator gyration braking energy recovery system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103628519A
CN103628519A CN201310535753.8A CN201310535753A CN103628519A CN 103628519 A CN103628519 A CN 103628519A CN 201310535753 A CN201310535753 A CN 201310535753A CN 103628519 A CN103628519 A CN 103628519A
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China
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valve
hydraulic control
reversing valve
oil port
port
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CN201310535753.8A
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CN103628519B (en
Inventor
袁祖强
袁峰峰
殷晨波
俞宏福
曹东辉
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Nanjing Tech University
Sany Heavy Machinery Ltd
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Nanjing Tech University
Sany Heavy Machinery Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种挖掘机回转制动能量回收系统,包括:发动机、变量泵、分动箱、电磁换向阀、液控单向阀、液控换向阀、蓄能器、回转马达、变量马达和控制器。挖掘机回转制动时的机械能是挖掘机制动前的动能。该系统可对回转马达制动时的能量进行回收,增压阀对压力油进行升压,并以液压能的形式存储在蓄能器中,在能量释放时,蓄能器中的液压油驱动变量马达和电动机经过分动箱的动力分配后带动主泵对工作负载做功。本发明采用由增压阀、蓄能器、液控单向阀和变量马达组成液压调节器,减少了能量回收时的转换环节,提高了能量回收效率,使发动机始终工作在高效区,降低油耗。

Figure 201310535753

The invention discloses an excavator rotary braking energy recovery system, comprising: an engine, a variable pump, a transfer case, an electromagnetic reversing valve, a hydraulic control check valve, a hydraulic control reversing valve, an accumulator, a rotary motor, Variable motor and controller. The mechanical energy of the excavator during slewing braking is the kinetic energy of the excavator before braking. The system can recover the energy when the slewing motor brakes. The booster valve boosts the pressure oil and stores it in the accumulator in the form of hydraulic energy. When the energy is released, the hydraulic oil in the accumulator drives The variable motor and the electric motor drive the main pump to do work on the workload after the power distribution of the transfer case. The invention adopts a hydraulic regulator composed of a booster valve, an accumulator, a hydraulic control check valve and a variable motor, which reduces the conversion link during energy recovery, improves the energy recovery efficiency, makes the engine always work in the high-efficiency area, and reduces fuel consumption .

Figure 201310535753

Description

A kind of digger revolving brake energy recovering system
Technical field
The present invention relates to excavator field of energy-saving technology, relate in particular to a kind of digger revolving brake energy recovering system.
Background technology
Excavator is as a kind of important engineering machinery of earthwork construction, bearing the earth volume in the world 65%~70% excavates, have the advantages that function is strong, market share amount is large, but the drawback that its oil consumption is high, discharge is poor is further obvious under increasingly strict Abgasgesetz and high fuel price background, and the research of its power-saving technology becomes international research focus.The gross efficiency of excavator system is only about 20%, and energy loss mainly comprises: motor loss, restriction loss, Hydraulic Elements loss, mechanical device loss.At present, for above problem, the domestic research of having carried out some excavator power-saving technologies, has proposed the patent achievement that many energy are recycled.
In these energy-saving schemes, great majority are that energy while utilizing accumulator to brake excavator reclaims, and because the hydraulic energy pressure reclaiming is lower, lower than system pressure, cause recovering energy and cannot discharge.Energy while also having scholar to propose excavator to brake reclaims and is converted into electrical power storage in battery, when work, together with motor, main pump is done work, and the dynamic response of battery is slow, while discharging and recharging, specific power is low, and by hydraulic energy transfer, be mechanical energy, then when the electric energy, power conversion link is more, loss also just increases thereupon, therefore stored energy efficiency is very low.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of digger revolving brake energy recovering system.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention discloses a kind of digger revolving brake energy recovering system, comprise hydraulic circuit and control loop;
Hydraulic circuit comprises motor, main pump, transfer case, main reversing valve, the first pilot operated directional control valve, the second pilot operated directional control valve, the first solenoid operated directional valve, the second solenoid operated directional valve, the 3rd hydraulic control one-way valve, the 4th hydraulic control one-way valve, rotary motor, accumulator, variable displacement motor and the first fuel tank;
Described control loop comprises: pilot operated handle, pressure charging valve, PLC controller, pressure gauge and speed probe;
The power transmission shaft of motor is connected with the first power shaft I of transfer case, and the second power shaft II of transfer case is connected with the output shaft of variable displacement motor, and the output shaft of transfer case is connected with the power shaft of main pump; The input port of main pump connects the first fuel tank, and delivery outlet connects main reversing valve; Main reversing valve has four hydraulic fluid ports, and the first solenoid operated directional valve and the second solenoid operated directional valve have three hydraulic fluid ports; The first hydraulic fluid port of main reversing valve is connected with main pump delivery outlet, main reversing valve the 4th hydraulic fluid port is connected to the first fuel tank, the second hydraulic fluid port of main reversing valve is connected with the second hydraulic fluid port of the first solenoid operated directional valve, and the 3rd hydraulic fluid port of main reversing valve is connected with the first hydraulic fluid port of the second solenoid operated directional valve; The 3rd hydraulic fluid port of the first solenoid operated directional valve is connected with the A mouth of rotary motor, and the B mouth of rotary motor is connected to the 3rd hydraulic fluid port of the second solenoid operated directional valve; The first hydraulic fluid port of the first solenoid operated directional valve connects the 3rd hydraulic control one-way valve, the second hydraulic fluid port of the second solenoid operated directional valve connects the 4th hydraulic control one-way valve, after being connected with the 4th hydraulic control one-way valve, the 3rd hydraulic control one-way valve connects the first hydraulic fluid port of pressure charging valve, the second hydraulic fluid port of pressure charging valve connects respectively accumulator and the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve, the entrance of the outlet link variable motor of the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve, the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve is controlled by pressure charging valve signal end, control signal is sent by the commutation signal of pressure charging valve, the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve work when pressure charging valve cuts out;
The hydraulic control mouth of guide's hydraulic fluid port of described the first pilot operated directional control valve, the 4th hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with the 3rd hydraulic fluid port of main reversing valve, and guide's hydraulic fluid port of the second pilot operated directional control valve, the hydraulic control mouth of the 3rd hydraulic control one-way valve and the second hydraulic fluid port of main reversing valve are connected; When the second hydraulic fluid port of main reversing valve does not have pressure oil output, the second pilot operated directional control valve is closed, and the 3rd hydraulic control one-way valve is opened; When the 3rd hydraulic fluid port of main reversing valve does not have pressure oil output, the first pilot operated directional control valve is closed, and the 4th hydraulic control one-way valve is opened;
The control signal of pilot operated handle is outputed to respectively the left and right signal end of main reversing valve by X, Y port, pressure gauge is arranged on the hydraulic fluid port of accumulator, speed probe is arranged on the output shaft of variable displacement motor, controller receives the mode of operation signal of X, Y end simultaneously, the tach signal of manometric pressure signal and speed probe, and to main pump, motor, pressure charging valve, variable displacement motor, export control signal by controller.
In the present invention, comprise choke valve, the first hydraulic control one-way valve, the second hydraulic control one-way valve and the second fuel tank; The first fluid-control one-way valve outlet port connects the A mouth of rotary motor, the second fluid-control one-way valve outlet port connects the B mouth of rotary motor, after the first fluid-control one-way valve inlet and the series connection of the second fluid-control one-way valve inlet, be connected to the first hydraulic fluid port of choke valve, the second hydraulic fluid port of choke valve is connected with the second fuel tank, the signal input of choke valve is connected with PLC controller, is connected to the signal output of choke valve after the hydraulic control mouth parallel connection of the hydraulic control mouth of the first hydraulic control one-way valve and the second hydraulic control one-way valve;
Choke valve is controlled by controller, and when rotary motor is braked, the high pressure chest of rotary motor can obtain pressure oil by the first hydraulic control one-way valve or the second hydraulic control one-way valve in choke valve the second fuel tank.
In the present invention, when handle goes to X end, the left position work of main reversing valve, the first hydraulic fluid port of main reversing valve and the second hydraulic fluid port are communicated with, and the 3rd hydraulic fluid port of main reversing valve and the 4th hydraulic fluid port are communicated with; When handle goes to Y end, the right position work of main reversing valve, the first hydraulic fluid port of main reversing valve and the 3rd hydraulic fluid port are communicated with, and the second hydraulic fluid port of main reversing valve and the 4th hydraulic fluid port are communicated with.
In the present invention, bypass between main reversing valve the second hydraulic fluid port and the second hydraulic fluid port of the first solenoid operated directional valve is connected with the first one way valve, the first pilot operated directional control valve, and the bypass between main reversing valve the 3rd hydraulic fluid port and the first hydraulic fluid port of the second solenoid operated directional valve is connected with the second one way valve, the second pilot operated directional control valve.
In the present invention, the bypass between main reversing valve the second hydraulic fluid port and the second hydraulic fluid port of the first solenoid operated directional valve is connected with the first overflow valve, and the bypass between main reversing valve the 3rd hydraulic fluid port and the first hydraulic fluid port of the second solenoid operated directional valve is connected with the second overflow valve.
In the present invention, main reversing valve is 3-position 4-way solenoid operated directional valve, has four hydraulic fluid ports; The first pilot operated directional control valve and the second pilot operated directional control valve are bi-bit bi-pass reversal valve, have two hydraulic fluid ports; The first solenoid operated directional valve and the second solenoid operated directional valve are two position three way directional control valve, have three hydraulic fluid ports; Choke valve and pressure charging valve are bi-bit bi-pass solenoid operated directional valve, have two hydraulic fluid ports.
In the present invention, pressure charging valve, the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve, accumulator, variable displacement motor form fluid pressure governor.Pressure charging valve the first hydraulic fluid port receives the pressure oil from rotary motor, be stored in accumulator, when pressure charging valve cuts out, the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve is opened, and the hydraulic oil in accumulator drives variable displacement motor and motor to drive main pump to do work to workload after the power distribution of transfer case.And the hydraulic oil of the variable displacement motor of flowing through can enter other executing agencies, realized the regeneration of flow.
In the present invention, the control signal of main reversing valve is controlled by pilot operated handle, when handle goes to X end, and the left position work of main reversing valve, the first hydraulic fluid port and the second hydraulic fluid port are communicated with, and the 3rd hydraulic fluid port and the 4th hydraulic fluid port are communicated with; When handle goes to Y end, the right position work of main reversing valve, the first hydraulic fluid port and the 3rd hydraulic fluid port are communicated with, and the second hydraulic fluid port and the 4th hydraulic fluid port are communicated with.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
(1) system has been used the fluid pressure governor being comprised of pressure charging valve, the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve, accumulator and variable displacement motor, can be used for receiving the pressure oil of rotary motor, and by the supercharging of pressure charging valve and the energy storage of accumulator, realized self changing of hydraulic energy, be that low pressure arrives high pressure, overcome by hydraulic energy and to the complexity of hydraulic energy, changed again to mechanical energy, electric energy, reduced power conversion link.
(2) at energy recovery stage, when oil liquid pressure is lower, pressure oil enters accumulator by pressure charging valve supercharging, and when oil liquid pressure is higher, pressure oil directly enters accumulator by pressure charging valve, has greatly improved energy recovery efficiency.
(3) at energy, discharge the stage, pressure charging valve cuts out, the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve is opened, pressure oil in accumulator drives variable displacement motor and motor after the power distribution of transfer case, to drive main pump work, make the energy reclaiming obtain abundant release, motor steady operation, in fuel efficient district, reduces oil consumption.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is done further and illustrated, above-mentioned and/or otherwise advantage of the present invention will become apparent.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of energy-recuperation system of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment
Reference numeral in the present embodiment Fig. 1 is corresponding as follows: the first fuel tank 1, main pump 2, motor 3, main reversing valve 4, the first pilot operated directional control valve 5, the second pilot operated directional control valve 6, the first one way valve 7, the second one way valve 8, the first overflow valve 9, the second overflow valve 10, the first solenoid operated directional valve 11, the second solenoid operated directional valve 12, rotary motor 13, the first hydraulic control one-way valve 14, the second hydraulic control one-way valve 15, choke valve 16, pilot operated handle 17, the 3rd hydraulic control one-way valve 18, the 4th hydraulic control one-way valve 19, controller 20, transfer case 21, pressure charging valve 22, accumulator 23, the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve 24, pressure gauge 25, variable displacement motor 26, speed probe 27, the second fuel tank 28.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment digger revolving brake energy recovering system comprise the first fuel tank 1, main pump 2, motor 3, main reversing valve 4, the first pilot operated directional control valve 5, the second pilot operated directional control valve 6, the first one way valve 7, the second one way valve 8, the first overflow valve 9, the second overflow valve 10, the first solenoid operated directional valve 11, the second solenoid operated directional valve 12, rotary motor 13, the first hydraulic control one-way valve 14, the second hydraulic control one-way valve 15, choke valve 16, pilot operated handle 17, the 3rd hydraulic control one-way valve 18, the 4th hydraulic control one-way valve 19, controller 20, transfer case 21, pressure charging valve 22, accumulator 23, the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve 24, pressure gauge 25, variable displacement motor 26, speed probe 27, the second fuel tank 28, the power transmission shaft of motor 3 is connected with the first power shaft I of transfer case 21, the second power shaft II of transfer case 21 is connected with the output shaft of variable displacement motor 26, the output shaft of transfer case 21 is connected with the power shaft of main pump 2, main reversing valve 4 has four hydraulic fluid ports, main pump 2 delivery outlets are connected with the first hydraulic fluid port 4P of main reversing valve 4, the 4th hydraulic fluid port 4T of main reversing valve 4 is connected to the first fuel tank 1, the first solenoid operated directional valve 11 and the second solenoid operated directional valve 12 have three hydraulic fluid ports, the second hydraulic fluid port 4A of main reversing valve 4 is connected with the second hydraulic fluid port 11B of the first solenoid operated directional valve 11, the 3rd hydraulic fluid port 11C of the first solenoid operated directional valve 11 is connected with the A mouth of rotary motor 13, the B mouth of rotary motor 13 is connected to the 3rd hydraulic fluid port 12C of the second solenoid operated directional valve 12, the first hydraulic fluid port 12A of the second solenoid operated directional valve 12 is connected with the 3rd hydraulic fluid port 4B of main reversing valve 4.
Bypass between described main reversing valve 4 the 3rd hydraulic fluid port 4B and the second solenoid operated directional valve 12 first hydraulic fluid port 12A is connected with the second one way valve 8, the second pilot operated directional control valve 6, the second overflow valve 10.The second hydraulic fluid port 12B of the second solenoid operated directional valve 12 is connected with the entrance of the 3rd hydraulic control one-way valve 18, and the outlet of the 3rd hydraulic control one-way valve 18 is connected to the first hydraulic fluid port 22A of pressure charging valve 22.
Bypass between described main reversing valve 4 second hydraulic fluid port 4A and the second hydraulic fluid port 11B of the first solenoid operated directional valve 11 is connected with the first one way valve 7, the first pilot operated directional control valve 5, the first overflow valve 9.The first hydraulic fluid port 11A of the first solenoid operated directional valve 11 is connected with the entrance of the 4th hydraulic control one-way valve 19, and the outlet of the 4th hydraulic control one-way valve 19 is connected to the first hydraulic fluid port 22A of pressure charging valve 22.
The hydraulic control mouth of guide's hydraulic fluid port of described the first pilot operated directional control valve 5, the 4th pilot operated directional control valve 19 is connected with the 3rd hydraulic fluid port 4B of main reversing valve 4, and the hydraulic control mouth of guide's hydraulic fluid port of the second pilot operated directional control valve 6, the 3rd hydraulic control one-way valve 18 is connected with the second hydraulic fluid port 4A of main reversing valve 4.When the second hydraulic fluid port 4A of main reversing valve 4 does not have pressure oil output, the second pilot operated directional control valve 6 is closed, and the 3rd hydraulic control one-way valve 18 is opened; When the 3rd hydraulic fluid port 4B of main reversing valve 4 does not have pressure oil output, the first pilot operated directional control valve 5 is closed, and the 4th hydraulic control one-way valve 19 is opened.
The control signal of pilot operated handle 17 is outputed to respectively the left and right signal end of main reversing valve 4 by X, Y port, controller 20 receives mode of operation signal, the pressure signal of pressure gauge 25 and the tach signal of speed probe 27 of X, Y end simultaneously, and to main pump 2, pressure charging valve 22, motor 3, choke valve 16 and variable displacement motor 26, exports control signals by controller 20.
Main reversing valve 4 is 3-position 4-way solenoid operated directional valve, has four hydraulic fluid ports; The first pilot operated directional control valve 5 and the second pilot operated directional control valve 6 are bi-bit bi-pass reversal valve, have two hydraulic fluid ports; The first solenoid operated directional valve 11 and the second solenoid operated directional valve 12 are two position three way directional control valve, have three hydraulic fluid ports; Pressure charging valve 22 and choke valve 16 are bi-bit bi-pass solenoid operated directional valve, have two hydraulic fluid ports.
Pressure charging valve 22, the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve 24, accumulator 23 and variable displacement motor 26 form fluid pressure governor.Pressure charging valve 22 first hydraulic fluid port 22A receive the pressure oil from rotary motor 13, be stored in accumulator 23, when pressure charging valve 22 cuts out, the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve 24 is opened, and the hydraulic oil in accumulator 23 drives variable displacement motor 26 and motor 3 after the power distribution of transfer case, to drive 2 pairs of workload actings of main pump.And the hydraulic oil of the variable displacement motor 26 of flowing through can enter other executing agencies, has realized the regeneration of flow.
The 5th hydraulic control one-way valve 24 is controlled by pressure charging valve 22 signal ends, and control signal is sent by the commutation signal of pressure charging valve 22, the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve 24 work when pressure charging valve 22 cuts out.
Choke valve 16 is controlled by the signal of telecommunication, and controller 20 sends signal and makes choke valve 16 work, and when rotary motor 13 braking, high pressure chest can obtain pressure oil by the first hydraulic control one-way valve 14 or the second hydraulic control one-way valve 15 from the second fuel tank 28.
The control signal of main reversing valve 4 is controlled by pilot operated handle 17, when handle goes to X end, and the left position work of main reversing valve 4, the first hydraulic fluid port 4P and the second hydraulic fluid port 4A are communicated with, and the 3rd hydraulic fluid port 4B and the 4th hydraulic fluid port 4T are communicated with; When handle goes to Y end, the right position work of main reversing valve 4, the first hydraulic fluid port 4P and the 3rd hydraulic fluid port 4B are communicated with, and the second hydraulic fluid port 4A and the 4th hydraulic fluid port 4T are communicated with.
As shown in Figure 1, when pilot operated handle 17 is placed in left end X, start working in the left position of main reversing valve 4, the first hydraulic fluid port 4P is connected with the second hydraulic fluid port 4A, the 3rd hydraulic fluid port 4B is connected with the 4th hydraulic fluid port 4T, the right position work of the second solenoid operated directional valve 12, the 3rd hydraulic fluid port 12C is connected with the second hydraulic fluid port 12B, hydraulic oil from the first fuel tank 1 through main pump 2, the first solenoid operated directional valve 11, enter the A chamber of rotary motor 13, the B chamber hydraulic oil of rotary motor 13 is through the second hydraulic fluid port 12B of the second solenoid operated directional valve 12 second pilot operated directional control valve 6 of flowing through, the second one way valve 8 is got back to the first fuel tank 1, rotary motor 13 rotates.
When guide's operating grip 17 is placed in right-hand member Y, start working in the right position of main reversing valve 4, the first hydraulic fluid port 4P is connected with the 3rd hydraulic fluid port 4B, the second hydraulic fluid port 4A is connected with the 4th hydraulic fluid port 4T, the left position work of the first solenoid operated directional valve 11, the 3rd hydraulic fluid port 11C is connected with the first hydraulic fluid port 11A, hydraulic oil from the first fuel tank 1 through main pump 2, the second solenoid operated directional valve 12, enter the B chamber of rotary motor 13, the A chamber hydraulic oil of rotary motor 13 is got back to the first fuel tank 1 through flow through the first pilot operated directional control valve 5, the first one way valve 7 of the first hydraulic fluid port 11A of the first solenoid operated directional valve 11, and rotary motor 13 rotates.
When rotary motor 13 rotates, hydraulic oil flows to B chamber from A chamber, when revolving dial need to be braked, controller 20 sends signal to main pump 2 and choke valve 16, main pump 2 quits work, choke valve 16 left position work, hydraulic fluid port 16A and 16B are communicated with, now the second pilot operated directional control valve 6 is closed, the 3rd hydraulic control one-way valve 18 is opened, the first hydraulic control one-way valve 14 work, the second hydraulic control one-way valve 15 is not worked, rotary motor 13 is rotated further under effect of inertia, A cavity pressure raises, pressure oil from the second fuel tank 29 through choke valve 16, the first hydraulic control one-way valve 14 enters the A chamber of rotary motor 13, the pressure oil in B chamber is through the second solenoid operated directional valve 12, the 3rd hydraulic control one-way valve 18, pressure charging valve 22 enters accumulator 23, accumulator 23 is in energy storage state, when pressure gauge 25 detects pressure signal and diminishes, controller 20 sends signal to pressure charging valve 22, pressure charging valve 22 cuts out, the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve 24 is opened, energy reclaims complete.
When rotary motor 13 rotates, hydraulic oil flows to A chamber from B chamber, when revolving dial need to be braked, controller 20 sends signal to main pump 2 and choke valve 16, main pump 2 quits work, choke valve 16 left position work, hydraulic fluid port 16A and 16B are communicated with, now the first pilot operated directional control valve 5 is closed, the 4th hydraulic control one-way valve 19 is opened, the second hydraulic control one-way valve 15 work, the first hydraulic control one-way valve 14 is not worked, rotary motor 13 is rotated further under effect of inertia, B cavity pressure raises, pressure oil from the second fuel tank 29 through choke valve 16, the second hydraulic control one-way valve 15 enters the B chamber of rotary motor 13, the pressure oil in A chamber is through the first solenoid operated directional valve 11, the 4th hydraulic control one-way valve 19, pressure charging valve 22 enters accumulator 23, accumulator 23 is in energy storage state, when pressure gauge 25 detects pressure signal and diminishes, controller 20 sends signal to pressure charging valve 22, pressure charging valve 22 cuts out, the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve 24 is opened, energy reclaims complete.
When rotary motor 13 is rotated further, controller 20 sends signal to variable displacement motor 26, motor 3, main pump 2, pressure oil in accumulator 23 drives variable displacement motor 26 and power distribution rear drive main pump 2 work of motor 3 through transfer case through the 5th hydraulic control one-way valve 24, when speed probe 27 detects the output speed decline of variable displacement motor 26, controller sends signal to variable displacement motor 26, motor 3, main pump 2, variable displacement motor 26 quits work, now by motor 3, drive main pump 2 to rotate, continue to drive rotary motor 13 to rotate.In energy release process, variable displacement motor 26 is mechanical energy by the Conversion of Energy of accumulator 23, combines output with motor, makes up because load becomes motor 3 output deficiencies large and that cause, stablize motor 3 and be operated in fuel efficient district, improve fuel economy, save excavator oil consumption.
The invention provides a kind of digger revolving brake energy recovering system; method and the approach of this technical scheme of specific implementation are a lot; the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.In the present embodiment not clear and definite each ingredient all available prior art realized.

Claims (5)

1.一种挖掘机回转制动能量回收系统,其特征是,包括液压回路和控制回路;1. An excavator rotary braking energy recovery system, characterized in that it includes a hydraulic circuit and a control circuit; 液压回路包括发动机、主泵、分动箱、主换向阀、第一液控换向阀、第二液控换向阀、第一电磁换向阀、第二电磁换向阀、第三液控单向阀、第四液控单向阀、回转马达、蓄能器、变量马达和第一油箱;The hydraulic circuit includes engine, main pump, transfer case, main reversing valve, first hydraulic control reversing valve, second hydraulic control reversing valve, first electromagnetic reversing valve, second electromagnetic reversing valve, third hydraulic reversing valve control check valve, fourth hydraulic control check valve, swing motor, accumulator, variable motor and first oil tank; 所述控制回路包括:先导操作手柄、增压阀、PLC控制器、压力计以及转速传感器;The control loop includes: a pilot operating handle, a booster valve, a PLC controller, a pressure gauge and a speed sensor; 发动机的传动轴与分动箱的第一输入轴Ⅰ连接,分动箱的第二输入轴Ⅱ与变量马达的输出轴相连,分动箱的输出轴与主泵的输入轴相连;主泵的输入口连接第一油箱,输出口连接主换向阀;主换向阀有四个油口,第一电磁换向阀和第二电磁换向阀都有三个油口;主换向阀的第一油口与主泵输出口相连,主换向阀第四油口连至第一油箱,主换向阀的第二油口与第一电磁换向阀的第二油口相连,主换向阀的第三油口与第二电磁换向阀的第一油口相连;第一电磁换向阀的第三油口与回转马达的A口相连,回转马达的B口连至第二电磁换向阀的第三油口;第一电磁换向阀的第一油口连接第三液控单向阀,第二电磁换向阀的第二油口连接第四液控单向阀,第三液控单向阀和第四液控单向阀连接后连接增压阀的第一油口,增压阀的第二油口分别连接蓄能器和第五液控单向阀,第五液控单向阀的出口连接变量马达的入口,第五液控单向阀由增压阀信号端控制,控制信号由增压阀的换向信号发出,增压阀关闭时第五液控单向阀工作;The transmission shaft of the engine is connected with the first input shaft I of the transfer case, the second input shaft II of the transfer case is connected with the output shaft of the variable motor, the output shaft of the transfer case is connected with the input shaft of the main pump; The input port is connected to the first oil tank, and the output port is connected to the main reversing valve; the main reversing valve has four oil ports, and the first electromagnetic reversing valve and the second electromagnetic reversing valve have three oil ports; the first electromagnetic reversing valve of the main reversing valve has three oil ports; One oil port is connected with the output port of the main pump, the fourth oil port of the main reversing valve is connected with the first oil tank, the second oil port of the main reversing valve is connected with the second oil port of the first electromagnetic reversing valve, the main reversing valve The third oil port of the valve is connected with the first oil port of the second electromagnetic reversing valve; the third oil port of the first electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the A port of the rotary motor, and the B port of the rotary motor is connected with the second electromagnetic reversing valve. The third oil port of the directional valve; the first oil port of the first electromagnetic directional valve is connected to the third hydraulic control check valve, the second oil port of the second electromagnetic directional valve is connected to the fourth hydraulic control check valve, the third The hydraulic control check valve and the fourth hydraulic control check valve are connected to the first oil port of the booster valve, and the second oil port of the booster valve is respectively connected to the accumulator and the fifth hydraulic control check valve. The outlet of the control check valve is connected to the inlet of the variable motor. The fifth hydraulic control check valve is controlled by the signal terminal of the booster valve, and the control signal is sent by the reversing signal of the booster valve. When the booster valve is closed, the fifth hydraulic control check valve valve work; 所述第一液控换向阀的先导油口、第四液控单向阀的液控口与主换向阀的第三油口相连,第二液控换向阀的先导油口、第三液控单向阀的液控口与主换向阀的第二油口相连;当主换向阀的第二油口没有压力油输出时,第二液控换向阀关闭,第三液控单向阀打开;当主换向阀的第三油口没有压力油输出时,第一液控换向阀关闭,第四液控单向阀打开;The pilot oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve, the hydraulic control port of the fourth hydraulic control check valve are connected with the third oil port of the main reversing valve, the pilot oil port of the second hydraulic control reversing valve, the first The hydraulic control port of the three-hydraulic control check valve is connected to the second oil port of the main reversing valve; when there is no pressure oil output from the second oil port of the main reversing valve, the second hydraulic control reversing valve is closed, and the third hydraulic control The one-way valve is opened; when the third oil port of the main reversing valve has no pressure oil output, the first hydraulic control reversing valve is closed, and the fourth hydraulic control one-way valve is opened; 先导操作手柄的控制信号由X、Y端口分别输出到主换向阀的左右信号端,压力计设置在蓄能器的油口,转速传感器设置在变量马达的输出轴上,控制器同时接收X、Y端的操作状态信号,压力计的压力信号和转速传感器的转速信号,并由控制器向主泵、电动机、增压阀、变量马达输出控制信号。The control signal of the pilot operating handle is output to the left and right signal terminals of the main reversing valve through the X and Y ports respectively, the pressure gauge is set on the oil port of the accumulator, the speed sensor is set on the output shaft of the variable motor, and the controller simultaneously receives X , The operating status signal of the Y terminal, the pressure signal of the pressure gauge and the speed signal of the speed sensor, and the controller outputs control signals to the main pump, motor, booster valve, and variable motor. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种挖掘机回转制动能量回收系统,其特征是,包括节流阀、第一液控单向阀、第二液控单向阀以及第二油箱;第一液控单向阀出口连接回转马达的A口,第二液控单向阀出口连接回转马达的B口,第一液控单向阀入口和第二液控单向阀入口串联后连至节流阀的第一油口,节流阀的第二油口与第二油箱连接,节流阀的信号输入口与PLC控制器相连,第一液控单向阀的液控口和第二液控单向阀的液控口并联后连至节流阀的信号输出口;2. An excavator rotary braking energy recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a throttle valve, a first hydraulic control check valve, a second hydraulic control check valve and a second fuel tank; The outlet of one hydraulic control check valve is connected to port A of the swing motor, the outlet of the second hydraulic control check valve is connected to port B of the swing motor, and the inlet of the first hydraulic control check valve and the inlet of the second hydraulic control check valve are connected in series to The first oil port of the throttle valve, the second oil port of the throttle valve are connected to the second oil tank, the signal input port of the throttle valve is connected to the PLC controller, the hydraulic control port of the first hydraulic control check valve and the second The hydraulic control port of the hydraulic control check valve is connected in parallel to the signal output port of the throttle valve; 节流阀由控制器控制,当回转马达制动时,回转马达的高压腔可通过第一液控单向阀或第二液控单向阀经节流阀第二油箱中获取压力油。The throttle valve is controlled by the controller. When the rotary motor brakes, the high-pressure chamber of the rotary motor can obtain pressure oil from the second oil tank of the throttle valve through the first hydraulic control check valve or the second hydraulic control check valve. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种挖掘机回转制动能量回收系统,其特征是,当手柄转至X端时,主换向阀的左位工作,主换向阀的第一油口和第二油口连通,主换向阀的第三油口和第四油口连通;当手柄转至Y端时,主换向阀的右位工作,主换向阀的第一油口和第三油口连通,主换向阀的第二油口和第四油口连通。3. An excavator slewing braking energy recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the handle is turned to the X end, the left position of the main reversing valve works, and the first oil port of the main reversing valve It is connected with the second oil port, the third oil port of the main reversing valve is connected with the fourth oil port; when the handle is turned to the Y end, the right position of the main reversing valve works, the first oil port of the main reversing valve and the The third oil port is connected, and the second oil port of the main reversing valve is connected with the fourth oil port. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种挖掘机回转制动能量回收系统,其特征是,主换向阀第二油口和第一电磁换向阀的第二油口之间的旁路连有第一单向阀、第一液控换向阀,主换向阀第三油口和第二电磁换向阀的第一油口之间的旁路连有第二单向阀、第二液控换向阀。4. An excavator slewing braking energy recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that the bypass connection between the second oil port of the main reversing valve and the second oil port of the first electromagnetic reversing valve There is a first one-way valve and a first hydraulic control reversing valve, and the bypass between the third oil port of the main reversing valve and the first oil port of the second electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with a second one-way valve, a second Hydraulic control valve. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种挖掘机回转制动能量回收系统,其特征是,主换向阀第二油口和第一电磁换向阀的第二油口之间的旁路连有第一溢流阀,主换向阀第三油口和第二电磁换向阀的第一油口之间的旁路连有第二溢流阀。5. An excavator slewing braking energy recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that the bypass connection between the second oil port of the main reversing valve and the second oil port of the first electromagnetic reversing valve There is a first relief valve, and the bypass between the third oil port of the main reversing valve and the first oil port of the second electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with a second relief valve.
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CN110499794A (en) * 2019-08-30 2019-11-26 中国矿业大学 A heavy-duty boom potential energy recovery system and control method for a large hydraulic excavator

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