CN103623918A - Steam coal washing processing method for easy-to-argillization gangues - Google Patents
Steam coal washing processing method for easy-to-argillization gangues Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of coal dressing of steam coal and particularly relates to a steam coal washing processing method for easy-to-argillization gangues. The steam coal washing processing method for the easy-to-argillization gangues is a coal preparation process which specifically comprises the following steps: carrying out 13-mm dry screening after crushing raw coal and adopting a dense-medium shallow slot to separate coal blocks with the size of 150mm-13mm, wherein powder coal with the size which is less than 13mm is not selected; recycling coarse slime, filter-pressing fine slime and carrying out closed cycle of washing water. The steam coal washing processing method adopts the dry screening so that the argillization of the gangues is reduced to the greatest extent, and the load of a slime water system is relieved; meanwhile, a product is flexible in structure and strong in adaptability and can be adapted to possible changes of coal quality and markets in the future.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thermal coal Concentrating Field, particularly the Washing Steam Coal processing method of the easy argillization of a kind of spoil.
Background technology
The related argillization of coal preparation technique comprises two parts, the one, and the argillization of coal, the 2nd, the argillization of spoil.
The argillization scene of coal comprises the implication of two aspects: one refers to raw coal feature at situation about pulverizing and generation secondary slime under washing condition: the 2nd, and the internalization feature of spoil under washing condition in coal and coal--pulverize again situation.The reason that produces argillization is generally divided into physical cause and chemical reason, and wherein physical cause is main.Coal and spoil, the in the situation that of water logging, due to physical motion and collision, make coal and spoil particle produce crack or original little crack are expanded, thereby particle is diminished; Or particle ability crack is more flourishing, or coal and spoil itself just softer, through mechanical movement, coal grain mutually collides secondary and produces gap phenomenon in A, but this scene does not change the composition of coal.After the chemical reason at the argillization scene of generation coal refers to coal or the water logging of spoil particle, in coal, Cucumber is water-soluble, or is ionic condition, or has caused that some chemical action diminishes particle, but do not find the surface chemical property generation significant change of black water or coal, generally do not consider.
The argillization of spoil: raw coal is except containing some associated minerals (as pyrite etc.), in recovery process, also sneaked into part country rock fragment, these country rock mucks are the main matter that form spoil, its composition has lime stone, carbonaceous shale and mud stone etc., wherein mud stone quality is soft, easily water suction, and main component is clay mineral, water-swellable, easily forms superfine colloidal solid and free settling not.Therefore, in spoil, the ratio of mud stone has determined, in the argillization degree, particularly jet coal of spoil and the coal separation process of brown coal, except dust coal enters in wash water, to form black water, and the spoil of two coals has the amount of 20% left and right to meet cement in black water.The coal slime of this fines exists with colloidal form in water, although long-term standing can not precipitation, black water is all the time in muddy state.
What the present invention is directed to is the easy argillization of spoil, but coal is difficult for argillization or the slight raw coal of argillization phenomenon.In raw coal, spoil argillization mainly contains the following aspects to the impact of coal separation: a affects the operation of dense media system; B worsens flotation effect; C affects floatation clean coal dewatering operation; D has increased the weight of the burden of slurry circulating system; E smalls does not enter to wash, and filter-pressing coal slime mixes smalls and polluted smalls quality; F easily stops up chute and all kinds of storage silo.
The Washing Steam Coal processing method of the at present conventional easy argillization of spoil is dense-medium shallow-tank sorting and two kinds of techniques of combined type dry separation.
Combined type dry coal separation technology, has all broken through the exclusive dry coal preparation technology of pattern ,Shi China of traditional selection by winnowing at aspects such as grading principle, material size, separating effects.Combined type dry coal separation technology main feature: the dry feature of this technology of a, first solved the sorting processing problems of easy argillization coal, particularly arid, water resource are lacked and winter cold district coal exploitation and processing and utilization opened up new way.Compare other technique, saved Coal Slurry in Preparation Plant treatment process, saved water resource.This technological accumulation and inheritance of b is seriously polluted, and assorting room can produce a large amount of dust, and dust from flying causes severe contamination to surrounding environment, is difficult to examine by environmental protection.C combined type dry coal separation sharpness of separation is low, possible deviation Ep=0.23, and far below the separating effect of conventional gravity gravity concentration, it is limited that quality of cleaned coal improves degree.Liang Jia colliery, Longkou coal is brown coal, has adopted combined type dry coal separation technology, and its cleaned coal is compared with raw coal, and it is nearly 3% that ash content reduces, and caloric value improves only 150cal/g left and right.
Dense-medium shallow-tank sorting is to be exclusively used in the efficient separation technique of processing lump coal, is in recent years widely used in the operation of all kinds of Coal Preparation Plant lump coal separation.The grading principle of shallow slot is to utilize natural layering in the dense medium suspension liquid of do not coexist relative static (non-fluctuating flow) of coal and spoil density.Because the separation length of shallow-tank separator generally only has 1.6 ~ 1.8m, coal and the spoil time of staying in suspension is very short, it is approximately 1/5 ~ 1/8 of common jigging machine, it is 1/2 ~ 1/3 of movable-sieve jig, coal and the motion of spoil in shallow slot is simultaneously very steady, can think relatively static sorting, and coal and spoil be seldom mutual extrusion friction in suspension, therefore can improve to greatest extent the sharpness of separation of equipment, alleviate the argillization amount of spoil in assorting room.The main feature of shallow-tank separator is: limit for height, sorting granularity wide (200 ~ 13mm) in a sorting, can effectively reduce the percentage of damage of bulk spoil and coal, and reduce energy consumption, favourable to reducing final products moisture; B equipment handling capacity is large, to the selected amount of raw coal and granularmetric composition fluctuation strong adaptability, can get rid of in time a large amount of spoils, can greatly simplify process procedure, reduces factory building volume; Effective sorting time of c is short, and secondary slime amount is low, farthest alleviates spoil argillization degree; D automaticity is high, and density of suspending liquid can regulate automatically, and sharpness of separation is high.
In sum, it is feasible that dense-medium shallow-tank sorting is washed technique as the master of easy argillization coal, but it is the day of transformation in going into operation that traditional dense-medium shallow-tank sorting process is still absorbed in Liao“ coal preparation plant " embarrassment, mainly exist following drawback: a because dense-medium shallow-tank discharge refuse technique has requirement to the undersize fraction of material size, traditional sieving technology all adopts 13mm dry screening and increases 3mm(or 2mm) the wet method desliming of long compass screen surface, the advantage of this technique is that pan feeding undersize fraction is guaranteed, but wet method desliming makes the immersion of part smalls, increased the argillization time of spoil, also increased the processing load of black water, b has ignored the impact on cleaning unit after spoil argillization, selected inappropriate coal slime reclaimer, such as screen-bowl sedimentation centrifuge, pressing filter etc., because spoil argillization is serious, fine grained medium clay soil ratio is larger, the screen cloth of screen-bowl sedimentation centrifuge and the filter membrane of pressing filter are easy to be stuck with paste extremely, cause equipment normally to use, the type selecting of c black water treatment facility is less than normal, because the lectotype selection in Design for Coal Preparation Plant be take standard as main, and the character of the ocurrence of coal seam situation that standard can not be applicable to varying and ature of coal, spoil, selection and the addition of d medicament are improper.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to make up the defect of prior art, provides a kind of Washing Steam Coal processing method that can effectively alleviate the easy argillization of spoil of spoil argillization.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A Washing Steam Coal processing method for the easy argillization of spoil, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1). raw coal through raw coal crusher in crushing to 150mm;
(2). after raw coal fragmentation, enter raw coal sizing screen and carry out 13mm dry screening, the lower smalls of sieve is directly as product introduction smalls storehouse, and on sieve, lump coal enters dense-medium shallow-tank sorting;
(3). dense-medium shallow-tank sorting obtains cleaned coal and spoil, and spoil obtains spoil product after Coal Stone Separation de-mediated, and cleaned coal carries out de-mediated, raw coal centrifuge dewatering, classification through head coal sculpingscreen, obtains piece head coal product, head coal product and common thermal coal product;
(4). under Coal Stone Separation, qualified medium is got back to dense-medium shallow-tank separator and is recycled, rare medium carries out magnetic separation through magnetic separator, under head coal sculpingscreen, qualified medium is after part flow arrangement shunting, a part recycles as qualified medium, another part carries out magnetic separation together with rare medium under Coal Stone Separation, concentrate after magnetic separator magnetic separation is got back to dense-medium shallow-tank separator as qualified medium and is recycled, and the mine tailing after magnetic separator magnetic separation enters coal slime bucket;
(5). the classified cyclone classification of black water, it is concentrated that overflow enters coal slime thickener, can be directly as recirculated water when thickener effluent concentration meets technological requirement; While not meeting technological requirement, after purifying thickener purification, get back to clear water reserviors and use as clear water, underflow adopts diaphragm filter press to carry out press filtration, and filter press filtrate is used as clear water, and filter-pressing coal slime can participate in smalls or discharge separately.
Described head coal product can be according to mixing smalls product after the independent discharge of market situation or fragmentation.
Described raw coal sizing screen adopts flip flop screen.
Described flip flop screen sieve aperture is 13mm, and screening efficiency is 95%, and the device processes amount of flip flop screen is chosen by the lower limit of < < coal washing engineering design standard > >.
Described head coal sculpingscreen front end sieve seam is 50mm, and all the other are 1mm.
Described filter press adopts plate and frame filter press, the type selecting of plate and frame filter press is not suitable for adopting the setting of < < coal washing engineering design standard > >, needs to adopt Buchner funnel test to determine the press filtration area of plate and frame filter press.
The pharmaceutical quantities of adding when coal slime is concentrated is greater than the required pharmaceutical quantities of common coal preparation plant coal slime, and in this technique, recommend adoption is pharmaceutical quantities flocculating agent aluminium polychloride 20g/t delivering dry coal slurry, flocculant polyacrylamide 110g/t delivering dry coal slurry.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention adopts dry screening, can alleviate to greatest extent the argillization of spoil, and alleviated slime water system burden; Product structure of the present invention is flexible simultaneously, and strong adaptability can adapt to ature of coal and the contingent variation in market in the future preferably.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
Accompanying drawing 1 is schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Accompanying drawing is a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention.The Washing Steam Coal processing method of the easy argillization of this spoil, comprises the following steps:
Raw coal through screening type crusher in crushing to 150mm.
2. after raw coal fragmentation, deliver to flip flop screen (sieve aperture 13mm, screening efficiency 95%) and carry out dry screening: the lower smalls of sieve is directly as product introduction smalls storehouse, and on sieve, lump coal enters dense-medium shallow-tank sorting.
3. dense-medium shallow-tank sorting obtains cleaned coal and spoil, spoil obtains spoil product after Coal Stone Separation de-mediated, cleaned coal is through head coal sculpingscreen (front end sieve seam 50mm, all the other are 1mm) carry out de-mediated, raw coal centrifuge dewatering, classification, obtaining piece cleaned coal that granularity is greater than 50mm both can be directly as product introduction piece cleaned coal storehouse, can be also that granularity is that the head coal product of 50 ~ 13mm enters the common thermal coal product introduction cleaned coal storehouse that cleaned coal storehouse and granularity are less than 13mm by crusher in crushing.
4. under Coal Stone Separation, qualified medium is got back to dense-medium shallow-tank separator and is recycled, rare medium carries out magnetic separation through magnetic separator, under head coal sculpingscreen, qualified medium is after part flow arrangement shunting, a part recycles as qualified medium, another part carries out magnetic separation together with rare medium under Coal Stone Separation, concentrate after magnetic separator magnetic separation is got back to dense-medium shallow-tank separator as qualified medium and is recycled, and the mine tailing of magnetic separator enters coal slime bucket.
5. the classified cyclone classification of black water, partition size is 0.1mm, the overflow of classifying cyclone flows automatically to coal slime thickener.Black water, can be directly as recirculated water when overflow (coal slime of 0.1 ~ 0mm and the mixture of water) concentration meets technological requirement after coal slime thickener is concentrated; While not meeting technological requirement, after purifying thickener purification, getting back to clear water reserviors uses as clear water, underflow (coal slime of 1 ~ 0.1mm) adopts plate and frame filter press to carry out barrier film press filtration, press filtration filtrate is used as recirculated water, filter-pressing coal slime is processed flexibly, when spoil argillization is not serious, coal slime can participate in smalls direct marketing; When spoil argillization is serious, the higher meeting of the ash content of fine coal slurry has influence on smalls quality, and filter-pressing coal slime can be got rid of separately.
(1) capital equipment is selected and type selecting:
1, raw coal disintegrating machine: the present invention adopts screening type disintegrating machine, treating capacity is chosen by < < coal washing engineering design standard > >.
2, screening: adopt flip flop screen dry screening.The operation principle of flip flop screen is that single driving produces dual-vibration, and in screening process, compass screen surface is continuously expanded, shunk, thereby obtains very high oscillation intensity, has effectively prevented sieve pore blockade, has increased screening efficiency.
The feature of flip flop screen is: in a screening process, do not need water, reduced immersion spoil amount; B compass screen surface is done tension and relaxation motion, and sieve plate oscillation intensity can reach 50g, thus can sieve difficult screened material, and sieve aperture is not easy to stop up; C screening machine side plate can not wear and tear, and sieve plate dismounting sieve plate is simple, and replacing speed is fast, vibrate little flip flop screen in coal separation industry, apply increasingly extensive, especially large in viscosity, partition size is little, is difficult in the sieving technology of coal of screening with the obvious advantage.
The device processes amount of flip flop screen is chosen by the lower limit of < < coal washing engineering design standard > >.
3, the device processes amount of dense-medium shallow-tank separator, sculping screen, disintegrating machine, cleaned coal centrifuge is chosen by < < coal washing engineering design standard > >.
4, magnetic separator: because the easy argillization of spoil becomes the clay particle that viscosity is very large, sweep along magnetite powder, cause magnetic separator to reclaim magnetite powder difficulty, now to pay special attention to meet the pan feeding concentration (25% left and right) of magnetic separator, the type selecting of magnetic separator is calculated according to ore pulp throughput and two indexs of magnetite powder yield, gets large value.
5, filter press: reclaim for fine coal slurry, conventional reclaimer mainly contains pressing filter, screen-bowl sedimentation centrifuge and plate and frame filter press at present.From the practical production experience of mine main, when spoil argillization is serious, pressing filter and screen-bowl sedimentation centrifuge all easily stop up, so the present invention adopts plate and frame filter press to reclaim fine coal slurry.
The main feature of plate and frame filter press is as follows: the equipment of checking on of recovery, closed water circuit in the solids content Di,Shi coal slime factory in a filtrate; B, to ature of coal strong adaptability, is the equipment that can effectively reclaim dirty coal mud.
The treating capacity of filter press is chosen improper by < < coal washing engineering design standard > >, reason has 2 points: the one, because your argillization degree of spoil varies, be difficult to predict the slime content of coal preparation plant, standard is long-pending by every square meter forcing press Area processing slime content Calculation Plane stagnation pressure filtering surface, and the press filtration area of the inaccurate calculating of slime content is just inaccurate; The 2nd, the numerical value in standard provides by filter-pressing coal slime on the whole, but when the easy argillization of spoil, the clay that in the ore pulp of filter press pan feeding, viscosity bulky grain is thin has accounted for very large proportion, the press filtration resistivity of clay is more much larger than coal, and this just causes with numerical value (even lower limit) the calculating filter press area of standard less than normal.
For specific pan feeding, there is following relation in the working time of filter press and filtrate volume:
T/V=aV+b
In formula: T-time of filter pressing
V-filtrate volume
The constant that a, b-are relevant with ore pulp and particle
Can test and obtain constant a, b by Buchner funnel, can calculate the work period of filter press.Not possessing that experimental condition obtains can be by cycle calculations filter press quantity of 50min, and considers standby.
6, thickener: treating capacity and the coal slurry content of thickener are closely related, choosing of coal slurry content can be as the criterion by the actual production data under similar ature of coal process similarity condition, by the solid-to-liquid ratio that passes in and out material in < < coal washing engineering design standard > >, calculates thickener area; There is no reliable actual production slime content, can get secondary slime by < < coal washing engineering design standard > >, the total slime content of ature of coal material computation adopting in conjunction with design again calculates the area of thickener, but selected thickener model should be than calculating the large one-level of gained, and consider accident thickener.
For further evolutionary circulation water, adopt and purify thickener; But in the situation of argillization especially severe, need to carry out advanced treating to whole recirculated water, now can consider to increase inclined tube (swash plate) sedimentation basin.
(2) for guaranteeing to produce, carry out smoothly, when spoil argillization especially severe, the production of pithead coal preparation plant should also be noted that following item:
1, strengthen underground labour's training and work management, injection flow rate under strict control well, and the mixed volume of top, base plate and dirt band in control production process as far as possible.
2, under run coal bin and product storehouse, funnel is installed air bubble, will block up storehouse material and blow open, and overall height is laid adhesive inside bulkhead.
3, the angle that adds as far as possible serious offense coal chute, and crossing coal face laying adhesive, increase chute observing hole simultaneously, facilitate workman to observe and clear up.
4, adjust flexibly ratio and the consumption of flocculating agent and flocculant, improve the effect of settling of black water.The ratio of flocculating agent and flocculant and consumption will determine by test, can be with reference to following numerical value: flocculating agent aluminium polychloride 20g/t(delivering dry coal slurry), and flocculant polyacrylamide 110g/t(delivering dry coal slurry).
Claims (7)
1. a Washing Steam Coal processing method for the easy argillization of spoil, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) raw coal through raw coal crusher in crushing to 150mm;
(2) after raw coal fragmentation, enter raw coal sizing screen and carry out 13mm dry screening, the lower smalls of sieve is directly as product introduction smalls storehouse, and on sieve, lump coal enters dense-medium shallow-tank sorting;
(3) dense-medium shallow-tank sorting obtains cleaned coal and spoil, and spoil obtains spoil product after Coal Stone Separation de-mediated, and cleaned coal carries out de-mediated, raw coal centrifuge dewatering, classification through head coal sculpingscreen, obtains piece head coal product, head coal product and common thermal coal product;
(4) under Coal Stone Separation, qualified medium is got back to dense-medium shallow-tank separator and is recycled, rare medium carries out magnetic separation through magnetic separator, under head coal sculpingscreen, qualified medium is after part flow arrangement shunting, a part recycles as qualified medium, another part carries out magnetic separation together with rare medium under Coal Stone Separation, concentrate after magnetic separator magnetic separation is got back to dense-medium shallow-tank separator as qualified medium and is recycled, and the mine tailing after magnetic separator magnetic separation enters coal slime bucket;
(5) the classified cyclone classification of black water, it is concentrated that overflow enters coal slime thickener, can be directly as recirculated water when thickener effluent concentration meets technological requirement; While not meeting technological requirement, after purifying thickener purification, get back to clear water reserviors and use as clear water, underflow adopts diaphragm filter press to carry out press filtration, and filter press filtrate is used as clear water, and filter-pressing coal slime can participate in smalls or discharge separately.
2. the Washing Steam Coal processing method of the easy argillization of spoil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described head coal product can be according to mixing smalls product after the independent discharge of market situation or fragmentation.
3. the Washing Steam Coal processing method of the easy argillization of spoil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described raw coal sizing screen adopts flip flop screen.
4. the Washing Steam Coal processing method of the easy argillization of spoil according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described flip flop screen sieve aperture is 13mm, screening efficiency is 95%, and the device processes amount of flip flop screen is chosen by the lower limit of < < coal washing engineering design standard > >.
5. the Washing Steam Coal processing method of the easy argillization of spoil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described head coal sculpingscreen front end sieve seam is 50mm, and all the other are 1mm.
6. the Washing Steam Coal processing method of the easy argillization of spoil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described filter press adopts plate and frame filter press, the type selecting of plate and frame filter press is not suitable for adopting the setting of < < coal washing engineering design standard > >, needs to adopt Buchner funnel test to determine the press filtration area of plate and frame filter press.
7. the Washing Steam Coal processing method of the easy argillization of spoil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pharmaceutical quantities of adding when coal slime is concentrated is greater than the required pharmaceutical quantities of common coal preparation plant coal slime, the flocculating agent pharmaceutical quantities that the present invention adopts is aluminium polychloride 20g/t delivering dry coal slurry, and flocculant pharmaceutical quantities is polyacrylamide 110g/t delivering dry coal slurry.
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Cited By (17)
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CN104069939A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-01 | 内蒙古伊泰煤炭股份有限公司 | Fine coal sorting method |
CN104549709A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 山西晋煤集团技术研究院有限责任公司 | Flip-flow screen dry fine coal removal dense medium separation method of lump coal before feed for washing |
CN105327770A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-02-17 | 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 | Coal dressing treatment method |
CN106179717A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 中煤科工集团唐山研究院有限公司 | A kind of full level of thermal coal is selected in simplified heavy medium sorting process |
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CN109772571A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-05-21 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of jigging coal preparation technology with lump coal into washing |
CN109999991A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-12 | 通用技术集团工程设计有限公司 | A kind of thermal coal dense medium sorting process effectively reducing slime content |
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CN112371325A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-02-19 | 新汶矿业集团有限责任公司洗煤分公司 | Power coal grading washing process |
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