CN103623098B - 一种治疗鼻炎的外用药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗鼻炎的外用药物及其制备方法，它是由以下重量份数的药物材料配制而成：黄芪3-10份、苍耳子10-20份、鹅不食草10-20份、白芷3-10份、防风10-20份、薄荷3-10份、黄芩5-10份、五味子3-10份、川芎5-10份、菟丝子5-10份、辛夷花10-20份和枳壳5-10份、酸枣仁5-10份。本发明取材草本植物，毒副作用小；可以直接外抹于鼻腔内，通过皮肤迅速吸收，消炎杀菌效果好，通气快。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物配方领域，具体涉及一种治疗鼻炎的外用药物及其制备方法。
背景技术
鼻炎(Rhinitis)是鼻腔粘膜和粘膜下组织的炎症，表现为充血或水肿。患者经常出现鼻塞，流清涕，鼻痒，喉部不适，喷嚏、咳嗽等症状。它是因急性或慢性的鼻粘膜如病毒、病菌感染，或刺激物的作用受损而致。鼻炎不仅影响鼻子、咽喉和眼睛，还会影响睡眠、听力，甚至头痛、头昏，食欲不振、易疲倦、记忆力减退等。当影响鼻腔的生理功能时，会出现呼吸障碍，引发血氧降低，影响其它组织和器官的功能与代谢。鼻炎病因病机多为感受风热或风寒，入里化热，热毒浊涕阻闭鼻窍而成。慢性者多因脾肺虚弱，肺气不足至卫外不固，易感外邪。脾虚则运化失职，痰湿滞留，困结鼻窍，浸淫鼻窦粘膜而成鼻渊。因此慢性鼻炎应清肺益脾。鼻炎首先由于肺气虚、卫表不固，风寒乘虚而入，犯及鼻窍，邪正相搏，肺气不通，津液停聚，喷嚏流涕；肺气的充实，有赖于脾气的输布，脾气虚则肺气虚，而气之根在肾，肾虚则摄纳无力，气不归元，阳气易于耗散，风邪内侵而致病。因此，发病初期常辨证为风寒袭肺或肺经蕴热等实证，随着病程进展，脏腑不同程度的虚损，常辨证为肺气虚，或肺脾、或肺肾两虚，甚或肺脾肾三脏俱虚。近九成的鼻咽癌因鼻炎久治不愈所致。有的鼻炎患者下鼻甲肥大，睡眠时氧气不足，严重的可引起脑梗塞、高血压、突发心脏病等，甚至猝死。鼻炎的症状是由过高的组织胺导致的。而导致组织胺增高的是这些部位分泌的液体。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用药少、快速有效，疗效确切，疗程短，安全可靠的治疗鼻炎的药物及其制备方法
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种治疗鼻炎的外用药物及其制备方法，它是由以下重量份数的药物材料配制而成：黄芪3-10份、苍耳子10-20份、鹅不食草10-20份、白芷3-10份、防风10-20份、薄荷3-10份、黄芩5-10份、五味子3-10份、川芎5-10份、菟丝子5-10份、辛夷花10-20份和枳壳5-10份、酸枣仁5-10份；
它的制备方法为：（按重量份数）
步骤1：取水82份、甘油4份、黄原胶1份（预先溶解后）混合加热至80度，灭菌；
步骤2：取乳化剂4份，鲸腊硬脂醇3分，角鲨烷2份，棕榈酸异辛脂2份，辛酸葵酸甘油三脂2份，混合加热至80度，灭菌；
步骤3：将步骤1所得溶液与步骤2所得溶液混合恒温至80度匀质30-35分钟；
步骤4：将步骤3所得溶液降温至60度，加热1份的壬二酸，搅拌继续降温，降温至50度以下；
步骤5：取黄芪6份、苍耳子15份、鹅不食草10份、白芷4份、防风10份、薄荷4份、黄芩6份、五味子4份、川芎10份、菟丝子9份、辛夷花10份、枳壳6份和酸枣仁6份，研成100-120目，得粉剂；
步骤6：将步骤5所得粉剂加入步骤4所得溶液中，继续搅拌，降温至38度停止搅拌；
步骤7：将步骤6所得溶液静置，检验，灌装，即得成品。
各味药的功效及作用：
黄芪：黄芪味甘，性微温，归肝、脾、肺、肾经。有益气固表、敛汗固脱、托疮生肌、利水消肿之功效。在中医五行理论中，春季对应的是肝脏，因此，调养肝气对于春季的养生至关重要。黄芪作为补气佳品，在春季生发的季节能够起到一定的补气作用。黄芪熬粥汤，具有益血补气之功效。
苍耳子：味辛散风，苦燥湿浊，通窍止痛，温和疏达，用于风寒头痛、鼻渊头痛、不闻香臭、时流浊涕，风疹瘙痒、湿痹拘挛。苍耳子用于治疗急慢性鼻炎以炒制品为佳。
鹅不食草：；性温。归肺、肝经。祛风通窃、解毒消肿，散寒，胜湿，去翳，通鼻塞。主治：感冒、头痛、鼻渊、鼻息肉、咳嗽、喉痹、耳聋、目赤翳膜、疟疾、风湿痹痛、跌打损伤、肿毒、疥癣。有抑菌、止咳、平喘、抗癌、抗变态反应等。
白芷：发散风寒，化湿通鼻，温燥除湿，消肿排脓，善能止痛。可治痈疽疮疡，皮肤燥痒，疥癣。白芷兴奋中枢神经，能使血压上升、解热镇痛、抗炎、抗菌，白芷水煎剂对多种菌均有一定抑制作用，可治疗白癜风；止血；对变应性接触性皮炎有明显抑制作用等。
防风：祛风解表、胜湿止痛、解痉、止痒。主治：外感风寒；头痛身痛；风湿痹痛；骨节酸痛；腹痛泄泻；肠风下血；破伤风；风疹瘙痒；疮疡初起。
黄芩：主要有效成分：黄酮类化合物。主要是黄芩甙、黄芩素、汉黄芩素，汉黄芩甙、黄芩新素、β-谷甾醇等成分。苦，寒。归肺、胆、脾、大肠、小肠经。有清热燥湿，凉血解毒功效。主治温热病、上呼吸道感染、肺热咳嗽、痈肿疖疮等症。黄芩的临床应用抗菌比黄连还好，而且不产生抗药性。能抗病原体、抗炎、调节免疫功能、解热、镇静、保肝、利胆等。还能降血脂、抗动脉粥样硬化、抗氧化、降压、降血脂。它的抗菌谱较广，对多种细菌、皮肤真菌等都有抑制作用。即使对青霉素等抗生素产生抗药性的金黄色葡萄球菌，对黄芩仍然很敏感。黄芩还有降血压、镇静、利尿、保肝、利胆、抗过敏、解除平滑肌痉挛、抗癌等作用。
五味子：敛肺，滋肾，生津，收汗，涩精。治肺虚喘咳，口干作渴，自汗，盗汗，劳伤羸瘦，梦遗滑精，久泻久痢。敛肺止咳：用于肺肾两虚之虚咳、气喘，常与补肾药合用。涩精止泻：用于遗精、久泻。治遗精常配桑螵蛸、煅龙骨；治久泻常配肉豆蔻、芡实。
生津敛汗：用于阴液不足之口干渴、盗汗，常配麦冬、生牡蛎。凡一切气血耗散之休克、虚脱，皆可配补药用之
川芎：治疗头痛之首选药物。月经不调；经闭痛经；产后瘀滞腥痛；症瘕肿块；胸胁疼痛；头痛眩晕；风寒湿痹；跌打损伤；痈疽疮疡。
菟丝子：补肾益精、养肝明目、固胎止泄之功效。
辛夷花：辛夷花含挥发油及生物碱。味辛，性温。归肺、胃经。有散风寒，通鼻窍等功能。用于风寒头痛，鼻塞，鼻渊，鼻鼽，鼻窒鼻疮，及痘后鼻疮，鼻流浊涕等。挥发油有收缩鼻粘膜血管作用；杜6醇有抗组织胺作用。
枳壳：破气，行痰，消积。治胸膈痰滞，胸痞，胁胀，食积，噫气，呕逆，下痢后重，脱肛，子宫脱垂。
酸枣仁：味甘、酸，性平。能滋养心肝，安神，敛汗。
本发明取材草本植物，毒副作用小；可以直接外抹于鼻腔内，通过皮肤迅速吸收，消炎杀菌效果好，通气快、用药少、价格低、效果好，疗效确切，药源丰富，制作简单，疗程短，费用低、安全可靠。
附图说明
图1为本发明的工艺流程示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本具体实施方式采用以下技术方案：一种治疗鼻炎的外用药物及其制备方法，它是由以下重量份数的药物材料配制而成：黄芪3-10份、苍耳子10-20份、鹅不食草10-20份、白芷3-10份、防风10-20份、薄荷3-10份、黄芩5-10份、五味子3-10份、川芎5-10份、菟丝子5-10份、辛夷花10-20份和枳壳5-10份、酸枣仁5-10份；
如图1所示，它的制备方法为：（按质量百分比）
步骤1：取水82份、甘油4份、黄原胶1份（预先溶解后）混合加热至80度，灭菌；
步骤2：取乳化剂4份，鲸腊硬脂醇3分，角鲨烷2份，棕榈酸异辛脂2份，辛酸葵酸甘油三脂2份，混合加热至80度，灭菌；
步骤3：将步骤1所得溶液与步骤2所得溶液混合恒温至80度匀质30-35分钟；
步骤4：将步骤3所得溶液降温至60度，加热1份的壬二酸，搅拌继续降温，降温至50度以下；
步骤5：取黄芪6份、苍耳子15份、鹅不食草10份、白芷4份、防风10份、薄荷4份、黄芩6份、五味子4份、川芎10份、菟丝子9份、辛夷花10份、枳壳6份和酸枣仁6份，研成100-120目，得粉剂；
步骤6：将步骤5所得粉剂加入步骤4所得溶液中，继续搅拌，降温至38度停止搅拌；
步骤7：将步骤6所得溶液静置，检验，灌装，即得成品。
本发明取材草本植物，毒副作用小；可以直接外抹于鼻腔内，通过皮肤迅速吸收，消炎杀菌效果好，通气快、用药少、价格低、效果好，疗效确切，药源丰富，制作简单，疗程短，费用低、安全可靠。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (1)
1. 一种治疗鼻炎的外用药物，其特征在于 ：它是由以下重量份数的药物材料配制而成 ：黄芪 6 份、苍耳子 15 份、鹅不食草 10 份、白芷 4 份、防风 10 份、薄荷 4 份、黄芩 6 份、五味子 4 份、川芎 10 份、菟丝子 9 份、辛夷花 10 份、枳壳 6 份和酸枣仁 6 份；
其制备方法按重量份数为 ：
步骤 1 ：取水 82 份、甘油 4 份、黄原胶 1 份，预先溶解后，混合加热至 80 度，灭菌 ；
步骤 2 ：取乳化剂 4 份，鲸腊硬脂醇 3 分，角鲨烷 2 份，棕榈酸异辛脂 2 份，辛酸葵酸甘油三脂 2 份，混合加热至 80 度，灭菌 ；
步骤 3 ：将步骤 1 所得溶液与步骤 2 所得溶液混合恒温至 80 度匀质 30-35 分钟 ；
步骤 4 ：将步骤 3 所得溶液降温至 60 度，加热 1 份的壬二酸，搅拌继续降温，降温至 50度以下 ；
步骤 5 ：取黄芪 6 份、苍耳子 15 份、鹅不食草 10 份、白芷 4 份、防风 10 份、薄荷 4 份、黄芩 6 份、五味子 4 份、川芎 10 份、菟丝子 9 份、辛夷花 10 份、枳壳 6 份和酸枣仁 6 份，研成100-120 目，得粉剂 ；
步骤 6 ：将步骤 5 所得粉剂加入步骤 4 所得溶液中，继续搅拌，降温至 38 度停止搅拌 ；
步骤 7 ：将步骤 6 所得溶液静置，检验，灌装，即得成品。
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