CN103616009B - A kind of for the convergence gauge constant moment of force deceleration loading device in tunnel monitoring measurement and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a constant moment loading device for an extensometer used in tunnel monitoring and measurement, which comprises a loading spring tube, which is sleeved on the outside of a tension bolt, and is used to transmit an externally applied torsional force to a tension nut; the loading spring tube The inner side is fixed with a spring piece, which is used to transmit torsional force to the load tooth and separate from the load tooth when its elastic modulus is exceeded; the tension bolt, including a tension nut and a tension screw that cooperate with each other, is used to converge and measure tension loading; Load teeth are fixed on the outside of the tension nut for receiving the torsional force transmitted by the spring leaf. The invention also discloses a constant moment loading method of the convergent gauge used in tunnel monitoring and measurement. The unique constant elastic modulus and high-precision spring piece of the present invention overcomes the measurement error caused by the different angles of view and concepts of different measurers when reading the scale line and the influence of the width of the scale line, etc., and only requires a single twisting operation, which greatly facilitates the measurement work , the efficiency is significantly improved.

Description

An extensometer constant moment loading device and method used in tunnel monitoring and measurement

technical field

The invention relates to a constant moment loading device and method for an extensometer used in tunnel monitoring and measurement.

technical background

Monitoring and measurement technology is an important part of modern tunnel construction, and an important part of information design and construction guidance. Due to the mechanical characteristics and complexity of the tunnel engineering, the dynamic information of the surrounding rock obtained through the monitoring and measurement of the construction site can be used to judge the stability of the surrounding rock, the reliability of the support and lining, the reasonable construction time of the secondary lining, and the modification Construction method, adjustment of surrounding rock category, change of support design parameters, adjustment of reserved deformation and other revision design provide the original basis. Convergence around the tunnel and the sinking value of the vault are a comprehensive reflection of the surrounding rock dynamics, surrounding rock conditions, and support effects during tunnel excavation. The measurement results can be used to judge the stability of the surrounding rock, whether the initial support is appropriate, and whether the lining , Inverted arch perfusion time, etc., are the focus of monitoring and measurement.

The instrument used for convergence measurement around the tunnel is mainly an extensometer. When using the extensometer to perform two different convergence measurements, it must be ensured that the tension state of the extensometer is the same, so as to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring data. At present, most of the convergence gauges at home and abroad use the reading tension scale line to determine the tension state. However, due to the different perspectives and concepts of different measurers when reading the scale line and the influence of the width of the scale line, the measurement data will have a large difference. error, and the operation of reading the scale line is extremely inconvenient.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to design a convergent meter constant moment loading device and method used in tunnel monitoring and measurement, which can effectively reduce measurement errors, ensure measurement accuracy, and improve monitoring and measurement efficiency.

In order to achieve the above purpose, this design adopts the following technical solutions:

A constant moment loading device for an extensometer used in tunnel monitoring and measurement, comprising a loading spring tube, which is placed outside the tension bolt and used to transmit externally applied torsional force to the tension nut;

The inner side of the loading spring tube is fixed with a spring piece, which is used to transmit torsional force to the load tooth, and separate from the load tooth when the modulus of elasticity is exceeded;

Tension bolts, including interfitting tension nuts and tension screws, for convergent measurement of tension loading;

Load teeth are fixed on the outside of the tension nut for receiving the torsional force transmitted by the spring leaf.

The loading spring tube is sleeved on the outside of the tension bolt and is stuck at both ends but can be twisted freely. The inner wall of the tube is equipped with a high-precision spring piece that meshes with the load-bearing teeth of the tension nut.

The loading spring tube is made of stainless steel, and the inner wall of the tube has a high-precision spring piece with a constant elastic modulus. When loaded, the spring piece elastically deforms. When the set constant torque is reached, the deformation of the spring piece reaches the maximum value. The tube does not apply force again; the maximum deformation of the spring leaf when it is reversed is much larger than the maximum deformation of the spring leaf when it is loaded.

The tension bolt is made of stainless steel with high-quality threads, including a tension nut and a tension screw rod, the tension nut is equipped with load-bearing teeth, and the inside of the pipe is a high-quality thread.

The present invention also provides a constant moment loading method for an extensometer used in tunnel monitoring and measurement, comprising the following steps:

1) When carrying out convergence measurement and tension loading, the spring tube is loaded by twisting in the direction of the tensioning ruler, and the spring leaf meshes with the load teeth to drive the tension nut to rotate in the direction of the tensioning ruler, and the spring leaf produces elastic deformation.

2) As the torsional torque increases toward the tensioning and converging ruler, the elastic deformation of the spring sheet becomes larger and larger, but it keeps meshing with the load-bearing teeth before reaching the maximum deformation, so it keeps driving the tension nut to rotate.

3) When the torsional torque reaches the set maximum torque, the elastic deformation of the spring piece also reaches the maximum value. At this time, it is separated from the load tooth, the tension nut no longer rotates, and the tension loading is completed.

4) At the end of the convergence measurement, reversely reverse the loading spring tube, unload the convergence meter, and complete the operation.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is,

1) The unique high-precision spring with constant elastic modulus of the present invention overcomes the measurement error caused by the different angles and concepts of different measurers when reading the scale line and the influence of the width of the scale line when performing convergence measurement and tension loading.

2) The present invention only needs a single twisting operation when carrying out convergence measurement and tension loading, which greatly facilitates the measurement work and significantly improves the efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention under tension loading.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the section structure of the loading spring tube and the tension nut.

Among them, 1. Loading spring tube; 2. Tension nut; 3. Tension screw; 4. High-precision spring piece; 5. Loading tooth.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example the present invention will be further described:

As shown in Figure 1-3, an extensometer constant moment loading device used in tunnel monitoring and measurement mainly includes a loading spring tube 1, a tension nut 2, a tension screw 3, a high-precision spring piece 4, and a load tooth 5. The tension nut 2 and the tension screw 3 together form a tension bolt, and the inner side of the loading spring tube 1 is fixed with a high-precision spring piece 4, which is used to transmit the torsional force to the load tooth 5, and when the elastic modulus exceeds its elastic modulus, it is connected with the load force Teeth 5 are separated; tension bolts, including tension nut 2 and tension screw 3 that cooperate with each other, are used to converge and measure tension loading; the outer side of the tension nut 2 is fixed with load teeth 5, which are used to receive the torsional force transmitted by the high-precision spring leaf 4 .

The working steps of the present embodiment are as follows:

1) When carrying out convergence measurement and tension loading, twist the loaded spring tube 1 in the direction of the tensioning convergence ruler, and the high-precision spring piece 4 meshes with the load tooth 5 to drive the tension nut 2 to rotate in the direction of the tensioning convergence ruler. At this time, the high-precision spring The sheet 4 is elastically deformed.

2) As the torsional torque increases towards the direction of the tensioning and converging ruler, the elastic deformation of the high-precision spring piece 4 becomes larger and larger, but before reaching the maximum deformation, it keeps meshing with the load tooth 5, so it keeps driving the tension nut 2 to rotate .

3) When the torsional torque reaches the set maximum torque, the elastic deformation of the high-precision spring piece 4 also reaches the maximum value. At this time, it is separated from the load tooth 5, the tension nut 2 no longer rotates, and the tension loading is completed.

4) At the end of the convergence measurement, reversely reverse the loading spring tube 1, unload the convergence meter, and complete the operation.

Claims (4)

1. the convergence gauge constant moment of force deceleration loading device in measuring for tunnel monitoring, is characterized in that, comprise loading spring pipe, be placed on outside tensile bolts, for the twisting resistance that outside applies is passed to tension nut;

It is fixed with spring piece inside described loading spring pipe, for load power tooth is transmitted twisting resistance, and it is separated with load power tooth when exceeding its Young's modulus;

Tensile bolts, comprises cooperatively interact tension nut and power screw, loads for convergence measurement tension force;

Load power tooth it is fixed with, for receiving the twisting resistance that spring piece transmits outside described tension nut.

2. the convergence gauge constant moment of force deceleration loading device in measuring for tunnel monitoring as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described loading spring pipe is that stainless material is made.

3. the convergence gauge constant moment of force deceleration loading device in measuring for tunnel monitoring as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the maximum value of the distortion amount of spring piece when loading spring pipe oppositely reverses is greater than the maximum value of spring piece distortion amount when loading spring pipe loads.

4. use the loading method for the convergence gauge constant moment of force deceleration loading device in tunnel monitoring measurement as described in claim 1-3 any one, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:

1) when carrying out the loading of convergence measurement tension force, restraining chi direction to tensioning and reverse loading spring pipe, spring piece engages with load power tooth thus drives tension nut to restrain chi direction to tensioning and rotate, now spring piece generation elasticity distortion;

2) increasing along with restraining chi direction torsional moment to tensioning, spring piece elastic deformation amount is increasing, but engages with load power tooth before not reaching maximum deformation quantity always, so drive tension nut to rotate always;

3) when torsional moment reaches the maximum moment of setting, spring piece elastic deformation amount also reaches maximum value, now departs from load power tooth, and tension nut no longer rotates, and tension force has loaded;

4), at the end of convergence measurement, oppositely reverse loading spring pipe, convergence gauge is unloaded, complete operation.