CN103609872A - Mink acidified daily ration additive capable of reducing nitrogen discharge and phosphorus discharge - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an acidified ration additive for mink that reduces nitrogen and phosphorus emissions, which contains per kilogram: citric acid 450-550g, phytase 75000-12500IU, pectinase 80000-120000IU, VA1000000-2000000IU, VD ₃ 2000000-3000000IU , VE6000-9000IU, VB ₁ 600-900mg, VB ₂ 800-1200mg, VB ₆ 300-450mg, VB ₁₂ 12-15mg, VK ₃ 100-150mg, VC40000-60000mg, niacin 4000-6000mg, pantothenic acid 1200-1500mg, Biotin 20-30mg, folic acid 80-120mg, choline 30000-45000mg, FeSO ₄ 22000-28200mg, CuSO ₄ 1500-2000mg, MnSO ₄ 3500-5000mg, ZnSO ₄ 7500-9000mg, KI60-90mg, Na ₂ SeO ₃ 30 -40mg, CoCl ₂ 1700-2000mg, corn gluten powder supplemented to 1000g. The additive can adjust the pH value of the feed and improve the palatability; regulate the pH value and enzyme activity of the gastrointestinal tract of mink, promote the development of small intestinal villi, improve the digestion and utilization rate of nutrient-like substances and production performance; it can significantly inhibit the proliferation of E. coli in fresh feed and delay the development of mink Feed fat oxidation and protein denaturation can reduce the summer mink diarrhea rate; increase the utilization rate of phosphorus, especially phytate phosphorus, and significantly reduce nitrogen and phosphorus environmental emissions. Realize feed quality preservation, digestive tract environment regulation, enzyme activity improvement, optimization of nutrient digestion and utilization, improve mink health, and increase economic and environmental benefits.

Description

A Mink Acidified Diet Additive for Reducing Nitrogen and Phosphorus Emissions

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of additive formula in the feed industry, in particular to an acidified ration additive for mink that reduces nitrogen and phosphorus discharge, and belongs to the technical field of fur animal breeding and feed processing.

Background technique

With the improvement of living standards, people pay more and more attention to food safety and environmental protection. Due to the birth of "super bacteria" and the influence of drug residues in animal products, some countries have banned the use of antibiotics in feed , my country has also banned the use of some antibiotics one after another, and strictly stipulated the dosage, scope and withdrawal period of the antibiotics that are allowed to be used. Facing the new situation, "low resistance" and "no resistance" technologies and products are getting more and more attention. The acidic environment of the digestive tract is a necessary condition for the full digestion and absorption of feed components in animals, the reasonable growth of beneficial bacteria, and the effective inhibition of pathogenic microorganisms. Adding acidifiers to feed is an effective means to adjust the pH in the stomach. As a green additive, acidifiers can reduce the pH value of animals’ stomachs, increase the activity of digestive enzymes, improve the microflora of the digestive tract, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, promote the reproduction of beneficial bacteria (E.Mani-López et al. 2012), delay the loss of fat and protein Oxidative deterioration (Wang Xingzhu et al. 1993), promote the absorption of nutrients, improve the performance of animal growth (Pastuszewska et al. 2007), (Hashemi et al. 2012), in the situation of more restrictions on antibiotics and increasing attention to environmental protection, it will definitely be obtained more and more widely used. A large number of studies have shown that adding acidifiers can improve the palatability of diets, increase feed intake and nutrient utilization (Zhang Yihui et al., 2013; Zhang Ling et al., 2013; Lian Kaixia et al., 2013; Zhu Jianfeng et al., 2013). In foreign countries, especially in European countries where antibiotics are banned, acidifiers have been widely used in animal feed as conventional feed ingredients.

Phosphorus is an important element to maintain animal maintenance needs and growth and development, but dietary phosphorus in plant-based feed ingredients exists in the form of phytic acid (phytic acid, IP6). Animals basically cannot digest phytic acid, so they can only use a small part of the phosphorus in plant raw materials. Phytic acid is also an anti-nutritional factor that can bind protein and other important nutrients and make them unavailable to animals, which not only reduces feed utilization and increases feed costs, but also leads to animal energy and Protein/amino acid waste (Wang Yani, 2013; Li Jiangchang et al., 2013; Sima Bofeng, 2013; Zhao Yu et al., 2013; Yao Lixin, 2013; Zhang Jiangang et al., 2013). Mink is a carnivore. It lacks the enzymes to decompose non-starch polysaccharides in its body, so its ability to digest plant feed is poorer than that of ordinary animals. Plant feed materials such as corn and soybean meal contain more non-starch polysaccharides and phytic acid. The main anti-nutritional factors of mink and other monogastric animals can also interfere with the nutrient digestion, absorption and utilization of other components in the diet, resulting in a decrease in the digestibility and utilization of feed nutrients and negative effects such as gastrointestinal diseases in mink (He Yuhua, et al., 2009; Liang Yuxi, Jin Chunying, Li Fujun, 2013). Phytase can degrade phytic acid, remove the anti-nutritional effect of phytic acid, release organic phosphorus, and increase the absorption and utilization of phosphorus in plants by animals, thereby reducing the addition of inorganic phosphorus and reducing phosphorus emissions (Lei Qiaobo, 2010).

Contents of the invention

In order to prolong the storage time of mink fresh feed, improve the digestibility of mink nutrients and production performance, improve the absorption and utilization of phosphorus, especially phytate phosphorus, reduce the environmental discharge of nitrogen, phosphorus and other breeding pollutants, and improve the economic benefits of mink breeding, On the basis of previous studies and references to acidified diets and additive formulas of other animals, according to the characteristics and biological characteristics of mink, acid value (AV), peroxide value (POV), carbonyl value (COV) and volatile base Nitrogen level (TVBN), Escherichia coli number, diarrhea rate, pepsin activity in gastric chyme; digestion and absorption rate of crude protein, crude fat, calcium, phosphorus, tare weight and skin length, hair density and needle, hair length Based on important objective indicators such as , a mink acidified ration additive that reduces nitrogen and phosphorus emissions was developed.

The content of each component per kilogram of the additive: citric acid 450-550g, phytase 75000-125000IU, pectinase 80000-120000IU, VA1000000-2000000IU, VD ₃ 2000000-3000000IU, VE6000-9000IU, VB ₁ 600-900mg, VB ₂ 800-1200mg, VB ₆ 300-450mg, VB ₁₂ 12-15mg, VK ₃ 100-150mg, VC40000-60000mg, niacin 4000-6000mg, pantothenic acid 1200-1500mg, biotin 20-30mg, folic acid 80-120mg, bile Alkali 30000-45000mg, _FeSO4 22000-28200mg, CuSO4 1500-2000mg, MnSO4 _3500-5000mg , _ZnSO4 7500-9000mg, KI60-90mg, _{Na2SeO3 30-40mg} , _{CoCl2 1700-2000mg} , corn gluten powder Make up to 1000g.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention can have the functions of adjusting feed pH value, improving palatability; regulating mink gastrointestinal tract pH value, enzyme activity, improving digestion and utilization rate of nutrient-like substances, delaying mink feed fat oxidation and protein denaturation, etc. , Inhibit the proliferation of Escherichia coli in fresh feed, reduce the diarrhea rate of minks in summer; improve the digestibility of nutrients and production performance of minks; improve the absorption and utilization of phosphorus, especially phytate phosphorus, and reduce the environmental emissions of nitrogen, phosphorus and other breeding pollutants. Realize feed quality preservation, digestive tract environmental regulation, enzyme activity improvement, optimization of nutrient digestion and utilization, improve the health of mink, make mink breeding realize the organic combination of high efficiency and environmental friendliness, and improve the economic and environmental benefits of mink breeding.

Specific embodiments Accurately measure phytase 1000000IU, pectinase 1000000IU, VA15000000IU, VD ₃ 25000000IU, VE75000IU, VB ₁ 7500mg, VB ₂ 10000mg, VB ₆ 4000mg, VB ₁₂ 130mg, VK ₃ 000mg, niacin 5500mg, 00VC Pantothenic acid 13,500mg, biotin 250mg, folic acid 1,000mg, choline 400,000mg, FeSO ₄ 250,000mg, CuSO ₄ 17,500mg, MnSO 4 45,000mg, ZnSO ₄ 85,000mg, KI 750mg, Na ₂ SeO _{3 350mg} , CoCl ₂ 18,500mg, respectively added through 80-mesh sieve Powder 100g and stir evenly, mix all samples evenly, add corn gluten powder to 5000g, add 5000g citric acid, stir evenly, subpackage, avoid light and dry storage. When using, add 1% of the feed weight, stir evenly, and let it stand for 20-30 minutes before using.

±SD），随机分成2组，每组30只，组间体重无显著差异（p＞0.05）。以膨化玉米、海杂鱼、鸡肝、鸡骨架、食盐等配制基础日粮，以市场上常见的某添加剂为对照,饲养至育成期结束取皮。检测低温长期保存后的鲜饲料的酸值、羰基值、挥发性盐基氮值，不同时期大肠杆菌菌落数量和腹泻指数、腹泻率、采食后不同时间胃蛋白酶活性、干物质采食量、干物质消化率、粗蛋白消化率、氮代谢率、粗脂肪消化率、钙消化率、磷消化率、氮磷环境排放量、体增重、平均日增重、皮长、鲜皮重、针毛长度、绒毛长度等指标。 Select 60 healthy, 90-day-old male short-haired black mink with similar body weight, with an average body weight of 1891.85±201.98g (

± SD ), were randomly divided into 2 groups, 30 rats in each group, and there was no significant difference in body weight between groups ( p > 0.05). The basal diet was prepared with puffed corn, sea fish, chicken liver, chicken skeleton, salt, etc., and a common additive in the market was used as a control, and the skin was removed from the breeding period. Detect the acid value, carbonyl value, volatile basic nitrogen value of fresh feed after long-term storage at low temperature, the number of E. coli colonies and diarrhea index, diarrhea rate, pepsin activity at different times after eating, dry matter intake, Dry matter digestibility, crude protein digestibility, nitrogen metabolism rate, crude fat digestibility, calcium digestibility, phosphorus digestibility, nitrogen and phosphorus environmental emissions, body weight gain, average daily weight gain, skin length, fresh skin weight, needle Hair length, fluff length and other indicators.

It can be seen from Table 1 that the acid value and carbonyl value of the marker fat oxidation index in this embodiment are much better than that of the control group, and the volatile base nitrogen value of the marker protein change also verifies this point. After adding this embodiment, Escherichia coli in fresh food The downward trend is obvious. It can be seen from Table 2 that after adding this example, the mink diarrhea index and diarrhea rate decreased significantly with the addition of this example ( P <0.01); there was no significant difference in dry matter intake ( p >0.05), both were around 150g, It has a significant effect on the body weight and average daily gain of minks in the growth and development period ( P <0.05); the dry matter digestibility, crude protein digestibility, nitrogen metabolism rate, and phosphorus digestibility are all significantly higher than those of the control group ( p <0.01); there was no significant difference in calcium digestibility ( p > 0.05), and the addition of this example had a significant impact on the nitrogen and phosphorus environmental emissions of mink, which was significantly lower than that of the control group ( p <0.05); the pepsin activity of mink was measured in combination with skin removal , there was no significant difference in pepsin activity among the treatments after 30 min of feeding ( p >0.05); there was a significant difference in pepsin activity among the treatments after 2.5 h of feeding ( p < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the treatments after 4.5 h of feeding Significantly ( p >0.05); the mink fur length and fresh skin weight were significantly different after adding this example ( p <0.05); the guard hair length and villi length were not significantly different ( p > 0.05).

In summary, this product has good anti-fat and protein oxidation and deterioration functions, has no adverse effect on the palatability of mink feed, can improve the digestion and utilization of nutrients, reduce nitrogen and phosphorus emissions, and improve the pressure on the environment. The production economic benefit and environmental benefit are remarkable.

Table one, the impact of the additives made by the present embodiment on the various indicators of the mink feed

Table two, the influence of the additives that present embodiment is made on the various indexes of mink

Claims (4)

1. a mink acidifying daily ration additive that reduces the discharge of nitrogen phosphorus, is characterized in that each constituent content of every kilogram of additive: citric acid 450-550g, phytase 75000-125000IU, pectase 80000-120000IU, VA1000000-2000000IU, VD ₃2000000-3000000IU, VE6000-9000IU, VB ₁600-900mg, VB ₂800-1200mg, VB ₆300-450mg, VB ₁₂12-15mg, VK ₃100-150mg, VC40000-60000mg, nicotinic acid 4000-6000mg, pantothenic acid 1200-1500mg, biotin 20-30mg, folic acid 80-120mg, choline 30000-45000mg, FeSO ₄22000-28200mg, CuSO ₄1500-2000mg, MnSO ₄3500-5000mg, ZnSO ₄7500-9000mg, KI60-90mg, Na ₂seO ₃30-40mg, CoCl ₂1700-2000mg, corn protein powder complements to 1000g.

2. a kind of mink acidifying daily ration additive that reduces the discharge of nitrogen phosphorus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this additive is mainly mink finishing period and uses, and after adding, stir, after static 20-30 minute, uses during use according to feed weight 1%.

3. a kind of mink acidifying daily ration additive that reduces nitrogen phosphorus discharge according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: every kilogram of this additive can delay mink feed fat oxidation and protein denaturation containing citric acid 450-550g, can significantly suppress fresh material Escherichia coli propagation, reduce mink diarrhea rate in summer.

4. a kind of mink acidifying daily ration additive that reduces nitrogen phosphorus discharge according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: every kilogram of this additive is containing phytase 75000-125000IU, pectase 80000-120000IU, can improve the particularly absorption rate of phytate phosphorus of nitrogen, phosphorus, significantly reduce the breeding pollution substance environment discharge capacitys such as nitrogen, phosphorus.