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CN103601777A - Preparation method of capecitabine - Google Patents

Preparation method of capecitabine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103601777A
CN103601777A CN201310647451.XA CN201310647451A CN103601777A CN 103601777 A CN103601777 A CN 103601777A CN 201310647451 A CN201310647451 A CN 201310647451A CN 103601777 A CN103601777 A CN 103601777A
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Prior art keywords
capecitabine
preparation
described step
cytidine
bis
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CN201310647451.XA
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马杰
王喜军
石瑛
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PHARMACEUTICAL GENERAL FACTORY HAYAO GROUP
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PHARMACEUTICAL GENERAL FACTORY HAYAO GROUP
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of capecitabine. The method employs isopropyl ether and acetonitrile to carry out crystallization on an intermediate 2', 3'-bis-O-acetyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N-(pentyloxycarbonyl)cytidine, coverts an oil-like matter into a solid, improves the yield and purity of the intermediate, and can achieve precise feeding for the next step reaction, thus greatly lowering the reaction cost. Dichloromethane and toluene are employed to perform crystallization and refine capecitabine, thus overcoming the disadvantages of bad state, low yield and the like in the prior art using ethyl acetate/n-hexane to perform crystallization. Also, the method can effectively remove impurities from a crude product, and can make the purity of a capecitabine product reach 99.96%.

Description

A kind of preparation method of capecitabine
Technical field
The present invention relates to the synthetic field of medicine, specifically, relate to a kind of preparation method of capecitabine.
Background technology
Capecitabine (Capecitabine), chemical name: the fluoro-N-[(pentyloxy of 5'-deoxidation-5-) carbonyl] cytidine, by company of Switzerland Roche Group (roche), developed, get permission listing with trade(brand)name xeloda (Xeloda) in the U.S. in April, 1998, within 2000, obtain the SFDA approval of import, listing formulation is tablet.Capecitabine is a kind of antimetabolic 5-FU deoxynucleoside amino formate medicine that can be transformed in vivo 5-FU, can suppress cell fission and RNA interfering and protein synthesis, be applicable to taxol and include advanced primary that anthracycline antibiotics chemotherapy regimen fails to respond to any medical treatment or the further treatment of metastatic breast cancer, be mainly used in advanced primary or metastatic breast cancer, the treatment of the rectum cancer, colorectal carcinoma and cancer of the stomach.
At present, many preparation methods about capecitabine have been reported.Wherein, in the preparation fluoro-N-of 2 ', 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-(n-pentyl oxygen carbonyl) cytidine step, most of anhydrous sodium sulphate of using is dewatered, and for example patent WO2009/082844, causes product yield significantly to reduce; In capecitabine crystallization step, major part is all to use ethyl acetate to carry out crystallization, for example patent CN101812104(retrieves less than patent by this patent publication No., please contriver check and revise), however capecitabine crude product is not soluble in ethyl acetate, and crystallization is out of order, yield is low, cost is high, and refining rear purity and crude product purity are very nearly the same, there is no practical significance.Therefore, finding a method of preparing cost-effectively the capecitabine of high purity, high yield is one of this area technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the defect existing in prior art, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of capecitabine, make the raising of capecitabine product yield and purity reach 99.96%.
The preparation method who the present invention relates to a kind of capecitabine, is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A preparation method for capecitabine, comprises following processing step:
The preparation of the fluoro-N-of (1) 2 ', 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-(n-pentyl oxygen carbonyl) cytidine
With 2 ', 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-fluorine cytidine is raw material, at methylene dichloride, ethylene dichloride, acetonitrile, N, under any one organic solvent in dinethylformamide and basifier exist, carry out acylation reaction with n-amyl chlorocarbonate and generate the fluoro-N-of 2 ', 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-(n-pentyl oxygen carbonyl) cytidine; Extracting in water, merges organic phase; Concentrating under reduced pressure organic phase is to flowing out without distillate, add isopropyl ether, acetonitrile to oily matter, after normal temperature all dissolves, crystallization behind slow cooling to 0~5 ℃, obtain the fluoro-N-of white powder 2 ', 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-(n-pentyl oxygen carbonyl) cytidine;
(2) preparation of capecitabine crude product
The white powder 2 ' that step (1) is obtained, under the fluoro-N-of 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-(n-pentyl oxygen carbonyl) cytidine room temperature, join in any one organic solvent in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to dissolving, reaction under alkaline solution exists, after completion of the reaction, use concentrated hydrochloric acid to regulate pH value to 2-6, then dichloromethane extraction is twice, obtain organic phase, extracting in water, merge organic phase, concentrating under reduced pressure organic phase, to thickness, adds toluene crystallization, suction filtration, toluene wash, obtain capecitabine crude product;
(3) capecitabine crude product refining
Under room temperature, capecitabine crude product to the solution that uses methylene dichloride dissolving step (2) to obtain is clarified, and adds toluene crystallization, suction filtration, and toluene wash, obtains capecitabine.
In described step (1), acylation reaction temperature is-5 ℃~-10 ℃.
Any one organic solvent in described step (1) in methylene dichloride, ethylene dichloride, acetonitrile, DMF is methylene dichloride.
In described step (1), basifier is pyridine, triethylamine or salt of wormwood.
In described step (1), basifier is pyridine.
Any one organic solvent in described step (2) in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is methyl alcohol.
In described step (2), alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide.
In described step (2), alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide.
In described step (2), using concentrated hydrochloric acid to regulate pH value is 4.5-4.6.
In described step (2) and step (3), the crystallization time is 2 hours.
The preparation method's of capecitabine of the present invention reaction formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0000430153380000031
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention is by 2 ' of the first step acquisition; the fluoro-N-of 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-(n-pentyl oxygen carbonyl) cytidine (being intermediate) oily matter is through isopropyl ether crystallization; be converted into solid; not only improve yield and the purity of intermediate; also can be next step reaction and accurately feed intake, greatly save reaction cost.
2, the present invention uses methylene dichloride and toluene carry out crystallization and capecitabine is refined, overcome in prior art, use ethyl acetate/normal hexane crystallization out of order, the shortcoming such as yield is low, and effectively remove the impurity in crude product, make refining after purity reach 99.96%.
When 3, the present invention prepares the fluoro-N-of 2 ', 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-(n-pentyl oxygen carbonyl) cytidine, do not use anhydrous sodium sulphate to dewater, significantly improve product yield cost-saving.
Embodiment
By following examples, further describe the present invention, but should notice that scope of the present invention is not subject to any restriction of these embodiment.
The preparation of the fluoro-N-of embodiment 12 ', 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-(n-pentyl oxygen carbonyl) cytidine
2 ', 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-fluorine cytidine 20g, room temperature is dissolved in 50ml methylene dichloride, adds 4ml pyridine, is stirred to dissolving.At-5 ℃~-10 ℃, drip n-amyl chlorocarbonate 10ml.After dropwising, react 2 hours.With 60ml water washing 15 minutes, washed twice, discarded water layer, obtains organic layer.Organic layer is evaporated to without distillate and flows out; add isopropyl ether 80ml; acetonitrile 4ml is to oily matter; normal temperature all dissolves, after slow cooling to 0 ℃~5 ℃, and slow crystallization; obtain white powder 2 '; the fluoro-N-of 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-(n-pentyl oxygen carbonyl) cytidine 17g, mass yield 85%, purity 99.86%.
The preparation of embodiment 2 capecitabine crude products
By the fluoro-N-of 2 ', 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-(n-pentyl oxygen carbonyl) cytidine 10g, room temperature is added in 27ml methyl alcohol extremely dissolves, and cools to-7 ℃ and drips 5N sodium hydroxide solution 15ml, and after dropwising ,-3 ℃ are reacted 0.5 hour.After completion of the reaction, add concentrated hydrochloric acid adjust pH to 4.5-4.6, after dropwising, the 50ml that adds methylene chloride extraction 15 minutes, extracting twice, merge organic layer, add water 30ml washing 15 minutes, organic layer adds anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, filter, be evaporated to stickyly, slowly drip 150ml toluene crystallization 2 hours, obtain capecitabine crude product 8.7g.Suction filtration, toluene wash.Mass yield 87%, purity 99.86%.
Embodiment 3 capecitabine crude product refinings
3g capecitabine crude product, is dissolved in 10ml methylene dichloride, and room temperature is dissolved to clarification, drips 50ml toluene, after dripping and finishing, and crystallization 2 hours.Suction filtration, toluene wash, obtains capecitabine product 2.79g.Mass yield is 93%, and purity is 99.96%.
Although illustrate and described exemplary embodiments more of the present invention, but those skilled in the art should know, without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, can make change to these exemplary embodiments, scope of the present invention is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.

Claims (10)

1. a preparation method for capecitabine, said method comprising the steps of:
The preparation of the fluoro-N-of (1) 2 ', 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-(n-pentyl oxygen carbonyl) cytidine
With 2 ', 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-fluorine cytidine is raw material, at methylene dichloride, ethylene dichloride, acetonitrile, N, under any one organic solvent in dinethylformamide and basifier exist, carry out acylation reaction with n-amyl chlorocarbonate and generate the fluoro-N-of 2 ', 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-(n-pentyl oxygen carbonyl) cytidine; Extracting in water, merges organic phase; Concentrating under reduced pressure organic phase is to flowing out without distillate, add isopropyl ether, acetonitrile to oily matter, after normal temperature all dissolves, crystallization behind slow cooling to 0~5 ℃, obtain the fluoro-N-of white powder 2 ', 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-(n-pentyl oxygen carbonyl) cytidine;
(2) preparation of capecitabine crude product
The white powder 2 ' that step (1) is obtained, under the fluoro-N-of 3 '-bis--O-ethanoyl-5 '-deoxidation-5-(n-pentyl oxygen carbonyl) cytidine room temperature, join in any one organic solvent in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to dissolving, reaction under alkaline solution exists, after completion of the reaction, use concentrated hydrochloric acid to regulate pH value to 2-6, then dichloromethane extraction is twice, obtain organic phase, extracting in water, merge organic phase, concentrating under reduced pressure organic phase, to thickness, adds toluene crystallization, suction filtration, toluene wash, obtain capecitabine crude product;
(3) capecitabine crude product refining
Under room temperature, capecitabine crude product to the solution that uses methylene dichloride dissolving step (2) to obtain is clarified, and adds toluene crystallization, suction filtration, and toluene wash, obtains capecitabine.
2. the preparation method of capecitabine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (1), acylation reaction temperature is-5 ℃~-10 ℃.
3. the preparation method of capecitabine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, any one organic solvent in described step (1) in methylene dichloride, ethylene dichloride, acetonitrile, DMF is methylene dichloride.
4. the preparation method of capecitabine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (1), basifier is pyridine, triethylamine or salt of wormwood.
5. the preparation method of capecitabine according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in described step (1), basifier is pyridine.
6. the preparation method of capecitabine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, any one organic solvent in described step (2) in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is methyl alcohol.
7. the preparation method of capecitabine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2), alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide.
8. the preparation method of capecitabine according to claim 7, is characterized in that, in described step (2), alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide.
9. the preparation method of capecitabine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2), using concentrated hydrochloric acid to regulate pH value is 4.5-4.6.
10. the preparation method of capecitabine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2) and step (3), the crystallization time is 2 hours.
CN201310647451.XA 2013-12-04 2013-12-04 Preparation method of capecitabine Pending CN103601777A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104628804A (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-05-20 吉林修正药业新药开发有限公司 Synthesis method of capecitabine impurity acetyl condensate
CN104926901A (en) * 2015-06-15 2015-09-23 广安凯特医药化工有限公司 Synthetic method for capecitabine key intermediate
CN106478751A (en) * 2015-09-02 2017-03-08 正大天晴药业集团股份有限公司 The preparation method of 2 ', 3 '-two-O- acetyl -5 '-fluoro- N4- of deoxidation -5- [(amoxy) carbonyl] cytidines
CN106496294A (en) * 2016-09-21 2017-03-15 齐鲁天和惠世制药有限公司 A kind of method for preparing micro powder type capecitabine
CN117229341A (en) * 2023-11-07 2023-12-15 成都苑东生物制药股份有限公司 Capecitabine crystal form I and preparation method thereof

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010065586A2 (en) * 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd. Preparation of capecitabine
CN101993463A (en) * 2009-08-19 2011-03-30 成都康弘药业集团股份有限公司 Preparation method of capecitabine and intermediate thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010065586A2 (en) * 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd. Preparation of capecitabine
CN101993463A (en) * 2009-08-19 2011-03-30 成都康弘药业集团股份有限公司 Preparation method of capecitabine and intermediate thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
陈言德等: "5"-脱氧-5-氟-N-[(戊氧基)羰基]胞苷-2",3"-二乙酸酯的合成改进", 《精细化工中间体》, vol. 40, 31 December 2010 (2010-12-31), pages 37 - 42 *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104628804A (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-05-20 吉林修正药业新药开发有限公司 Synthesis method of capecitabine impurity acetyl condensate
CN104926901A (en) * 2015-06-15 2015-09-23 广安凯特医药化工有限公司 Synthetic method for capecitabine key intermediate
CN104926901B (en) * 2015-06-15 2018-04-20 广安凯特制药有限公司 A kind of synthetic method of capecitabine key intermediate
CN106478751A (en) * 2015-09-02 2017-03-08 正大天晴药业集团股份有限公司 The preparation method of 2 ', 3 '-two-O- acetyl -5 '-fluoro- N4- of deoxidation -5- [(amoxy) carbonyl] cytidines
CN106478751B (en) * 2015-09-02 2020-06-26 正大天晴药业集团股份有限公司 Preparation method of 2',3'-di-O-acetyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N4-[(pentyloxy)carbonyl]cytosine nucleoside
CN106496294A (en) * 2016-09-21 2017-03-15 齐鲁天和惠世制药有限公司 A kind of method for preparing micro powder type capecitabine
CN106496294B (en) * 2016-09-21 2018-10-30 齐鲁天和惠世制药有限公司 A method of preparing micro powder type capecitabine
CN117229341A (en) * 2023-11-07 2023-12-15 成都苑东生物制药股份有限公司 Capecitabine crystal form I and preparation method thereof
CN117229341B (en) * 2023-11-07 2024-02-09 成都苑东生物制药股份有限公司 Capecitabine crystal form I and preparation method thereof

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