CN103596857B - Method and apparatus in pneumatic material conveying system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for increasing the separation efficiency of a separation device of a pneumatic material conveying system, such as a waste conveying system, in which a material to be conveyed, such as waste material (w) The material is separated from the conveying air (a) and/or a method is disclosed for preventing clogging of the outlet opening for the conveying air of the separating device. The pressure medium is sprayed into the separation device ( 100 ), into the chamber space ( 101 ) of the separation device, preferably in the vicinity of the outlet opening ( 7 ) for the conveying air.

Description

Method and apparatus in a pneumatic material conveying system

technical field

The object of the invention is a method as used in a pneumatic material conveying system.

The object of the invention is a device for use in a pneumatic material conveying system.

The present invention relates generally to a pneumatic material conveying system, such as a partial vacuum conveying system, and more particularly to the collection and conveying of waste, such as household waste.

Background technique

Pneumatic material conveying systems are known in the art in which waste is conveyed in pipes by suction, differential pressure and/or flow of conveying air. Furthermore, pneumatic tube conveying systems for materials are used to convey waste in different buildings, institutions or wider areas such as blocks or urban areas. Typically for these systems, partial vacuum equipment is used to achieve the differential pressure, in which a partial vacuum, differential pressure and / or flow of conveying air. The waste along with the conveying air is conveyed along the pipe from the input point to a separation device, such as a cyclone separator or some other tank, in which the material to be conveyed is separated from the Transport separated by air. The conveying air exits from the outlet aperture for conveying air while the waste remains in the separation device, from which waste is removed, for example, as required. The conveying air and waste circulate in the separation device, typically near the walls, in which case the heavier waste remains in the separation device and the conveying air rises slowly upwards from the center of the cyclone. One problem is that paper and thin plastics that are light and have a large surface area can sometimes rise with the transport airflow that is slowly rising. Therefore, there are often waste grades (for example, waste paper, plastic film, plastic bags, etc.) that are free and lighter than other wastes, which carry along with the waste being transported. The outlet openings of the separating device or other tanks for conveying air may be partially or completely blocked. In addition, filter means are often arranged in connection with or in the vicinity of the outlet opening of the tank for conveying air, through which filter means the conveying air exits from the separating device or the tank. A problem with separation devices such as cyclones or other tanks is therefore that waste such as paper and thin plastics often try to block the output holes of the separation device for conveying air. Problematic waste-grade materials (eg, paper and plastics) typically have a large surface area and low weight. These waste grades often cause problems for separators, since problematic waste grades float very easily to the output orifice for conveying air, even under conditions of small air flow. Efforts have been made to solve this problem by using various mechanical means (eg rotating brushes) to prevent clogging of the output aperture and on the other hand to remove debris that has entered the output aperture. However, none of these worked satisfactorily.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to achieve a completely new solution in relation to the separating device of the pneumatic material conveying system, by which the drawbacks of the prior art solutions are avoided. Another object of the present invention is to achieve an applicable solution in relation to the pneumatic waste conveying system, by means of which it is possible to prevent the clogging of the output orifice of the separation device more easily than the previous solutions, on the other hand, Blockages blocking the outlet openings of the separation device for conveying air can be removed. Yet another object is to achieve a solution by which the separation efficiency of the separation device can be increased. A further object is to achieve a solution with which the functionality of the filtration device of the separation device can also be enhanced.

The invention is based on an idea in which, preferably in or near the output orifice for the conveying air, a pressure medium spray nozzle is arranged in connection with a separation device of the pneumatic material conveying system, the pressure medium spray nozzle being arranged when actuated The pressure medium is sprayed/blown such that the spraying reduces or prevents waste particles such as paper or plastic films or bags from entering into the output holes for the conveying air and/or reduces or prevents clogging of the output holes.

The method according to the invention is essentially characterized in that the pressure medium is sprayed into the separation device, into the chamber space of the separation device, preferably in the vicinity of the outlet opening for the conveying air.

The device according to the invention is essentially characterized in that at least one pressure medium spray nozzle is arranged in the separation device for spraying pressure medium into the chamber space of the separation device, preferably in the vicinity of the outlet opening for the conveying air.

The solution according to the invention has several important advantages. By arranging, preferably in or near the output orifice, a pressure medium nozzle connected to the separation device, which when actuated is arranged to spray/blow pressure medium such that waste particles (such as paper or plastic films or bags) The absence of ingress into and/or blockage of the output orifice results in a more reliable operation of the separation device for pneumatic waste conveying systems than previous separation devices. The pressure medium nozzle blows the paper/plastic towards the positive upward float away from the output hole. The total amount of pressure medium, such as compressed air, is so small that it has no substantial influence on the actual amount of conveying air. In addition to or instead of gas as pressure medium, such as compressed air, it is possible to use nozzles which, when actuated, spray a liquid, preferably nozzles which blow a mist of water. The pressure medium nozzles spraying the liquid also scour waste particles drifting into the coverage of the nozzles of the output orifices and make waste particles such as paper or plastics generally heavier, which in this case are in the separation device towards the down drop. The pressure medium nozzles can also be a combination of gas-spraying nozzles and liquid-spraying nozzles. Water evaporates quickly in the large volumes of conveying air, so it is not a hazard during waste conveying. In addition, the use of pressure medium spraying can also enhance the function of the filter equipment of the separation device.

Description of drawings

In the following, the invention will be described in more detail by means of an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 presents a simplified cross-sectional view of a device connected to a separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 presents the device of observing Fig. 1 embodiment from the direction of arrow A;

Figure 3 presents a device according to one embodiment of the invention, sectioned along line III-III of Figure 1;

Figure 4 presents a simplified cross-sectional view according to one embodiment of the invention;

Figure 5 presents a device according to one embodiment of the invention, sectioned along the line V-V of Figure 4;

Figure 6 presents a simplified cross-sectional view of a device according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 presents a device according to an embodiment of the invention, taken along the line VII-VII of FIG. 6 .

Detailed ways

Figure 1 presents a simplified diagram of a device of a separation device 100 connected to a pneumatic material conveying system, more specifically a waste conveying system, according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of the figure, the separation device 100 is a so-called cyclone separator comprising a chamber space 101 delimited by walls 1 , 15 . An output branch coupling 2 is connected to the chamber space of the separation device, via which branch coupling material to be conveyed, such as waste material, is introduced into the separation device from an input hole 3 together with conveying air. In material conveying systems, the material fed into the conveying line is conveyed along the conveying pipe to a separating device in which the material being conveyed is separated from the conveying air, for example due to a drop in velocity and centrifugal force. In the embodiment of the figure, the separated material, such as waste material, is displaced to the bottom part of the separation device. In FIG. 1 , the displacement of the separated material into the bottom part of the chamber space 101 of the separation device 100 is depicted by arrow w. The separated material is removed from the separation device 100 eg via a material output hole 5 arranged in the bottom part of the separation device 100, eg as required. The conveying air is guided out of the separating device by means of an outlet branch coupling 4 for conveying air. The conveying air is typically diverted in a separation device, in which case the heavier material accompanying the conveying air is more easily separated from the conveying air. In the embodiment of the figure, a wall portion 6 is arranged in the top portion of the separation device, said wall portion extending into the separation device. In the embodiment of the figure, the wall portion 6 is cylindrical. Inside the rim of the wall part 6 is formed a space 9 into which the hole of the bottom part of the wall 6 (ie the output hole) opens. There is a connection from the top part of said space to an output branch coupling 4 for conveying air. In the embodiment of the figure there is an outlet hole 7 in the bottom part of the wall part 6 . In the embodiment of the drawing, the bottom end of the cylindrical wall 6 is open. The top part of the wall 6 comprises an output branch coupling 4 for the air for conveyance. In the embodiment of the figure, the cylindrical wall portion 6 and the space 9 extend through the top end of the separating device, such as through the top wall 15 , eg from a hole formed in the top wall 15 . An end plate 8 is at the top end of the wall portion 6 . An outlet branch coupling 4 for conveying air is arranged in the top part of the wall part 6 . The movement of the conveying air in the separating device is generally indicated by arrow a.

In the embodiment of the figure, the input hole 3 is arranged in the wall 1 of the separating device, between the hole 7 in the top wall 15 of the separating device and the bottom part of the wall 6 extending into the inner part of the separating device in the area. Thus, the separating device comprises an annular segment in a region in which the wall 6 forms the inner edge of the annular segment and the wall 1 of the separating device forms the outer edge of the annular segment.

At least one spray nozzle 10 is arranged in the separation device, which spray nozzle, when actuated, is arranged to spray pressure medium in the separation device in the vicinity of an output orifice for conveying air or to an output orifice, such as to the space 9 And the vicinity of the conduit of the output hole 7) of the output branch coupling 4. The pressure medium is sprayed in substantially the opposite direction with respect to the flow direction of the conveying air. The pressure medium is sprayed with the spray nozzles 10 such that waste matter which has traveled into or near the outlet opening 7 comes out of the outlet opening or away from the vicinity of the outlet opening 7 . There are several spray nozzles 10 . According to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-3 , the spray nozzles 10 are arranged in a divided manner in the target area. According to one embodiment, the pressure medium spray 13 covers substantially the entire area of the output orifice 7 . Spraying prevents waste particles, more specifically paper or plastic films or bags, from entering into the output aperture 7 . In the embodiment of FIG. 1 , a plurality of spray nozzles 10 are arranged in or near the bottom part of the cylindrical wall 6 , preferably in the output orifice 7 . In the embodiment of this figure, the pipe arrangement 11 is arranged to bring the pressure medium from the main pipe 12 to the nozzle 10 , and in this figure the pipe arrangement 11 is led through the space 9 . Bringing a pressure medium to the manifold 12 is known per se to a person skilled in the art and will not be depicted in detail in the figures. The pressurized medium can be brought from a medium source by means of pump means connected to the manifold 12 . If the pressure medium is gaseous (eg compressed air), air compressors well known in the art can be used to bring the pressure medium. If a liquid pressure medium (eg water) is used, a liquid source can be used from which the liquid is pumped with a medium pump of the necessary pressure into the main pipe 12 and forward into the pipe 11, bringing it to Nozzle 10.

By arranging a pressure medium nozzle 10 in connection with the separation device, preferably in or near said output orifice 7, said pressure medium nozzle, when actuated, is arranged to spray/blow pressure medium such that waste particles such as Paper or plastic film or bags) do not enter and/or block the output aperture, allowing for a more reliable operation of the separation device for pneumatic waste conveying systems than previous separation devices. The pressure medium nozzle blows the paper/plastic that is floating towards the output aperture 7 along with the conveying air away from the output aperture. The total amount of pressure medium, such as compressed air, to be sprayed from the nozzles 10 is so small that it has no substantial effect on the actual amount of conveying air and therefore does not negatively affect the operation of the material conveying system itself. In addition to or instead of gas, such as compressed air, liquids, preferably water mist, can be used as pressure medium to be sprayed. The pressure medium nozzle spraying the liquid also scours waste particles that are displaced into the nozzle's footprint (such as into the vicinity of the output orifice) and thus makes the particles (such as paper or plastic) generally heavier, in which case the waste The particles descend downward in the separator. The pressure medium nozzle 10 can also be a combination of a gas-spraying nozzle and a liquid-spraying nozzle. It is conceivable, if desired, to spray different pressure media from the same nozzle, such as, for example, spraying gas and liquid alternately. When a liquid such as water is sprayed, the water evaporates quickly in the bulk of the conveying air and therefore does not impair the waste conveying process.

In addition, the conveying air of the separating device can be cleaned by means of a filter device 17 through which the conveying air flows as it travels from the separating device towards the output branch coupling 4 for conveying air. According to FIGS. 4 and 5 , the spray nozzle 10 according to the invention is arranged in front of the filter device 17 in the flow direction of the conveying air.

According to FIGS. 4 and 5 , the filter device 17 is arranged in the chamber space 9 delimited by the wall 6 . In the embodiment of said figures, the filter surface area of the filter device has been made considerably larger by the use of filter cartridges, which include conical or cylindrical filter devices. The filter elements of the filter device 17 are arranged to taper conically from a top part 19 of the filter device towards a bottom part 18 of the filter device. The top part 19 of the filter device comprises holes 20 from which the conveying air which has traveled through the filter is led to the output coupling branch 4 for the conveying air. According to this figure, some of the pipe means 11 leading to the spray nozzles 10 are arranged through the holes 20 of the top part 19 of the filter means and the second holes formed by the bottom part 18 of said filter means. According to one embodiment ( FIG. 4 ), the filter device 17 is arranged with fixing means for the flange 16 so as to adjoin the top wall 15 of the separation device in or near the edge region of the hole.

Figures 6 and 7 also present a second embodiment in which at least one of the spray nozzles 10, 10' is arranged to spray a pressure medium spray 13' to the filter device 17 when actuated. On the filter surface, in said case, on the other hand, the pressure medium spray 13' in question prevents the displacement of waste particles, more specifically paper particles or plastic particles, onto the surface of the filter of the filter device 17, And on the other hand, the particles that have adhered to the surface of the filter device 17 are removed from the surface of the filter and directed towards the outlet hole 5 to the bottom of the separation device (as shown in FIG. 1 ). According to FIGS. 6 and 7 , said spray nozzles 10 ′ which are directed at least partially as pressure medium sprays 13 ′ onto the surface of the filter device are arranged side by side in the space of the filter device 17 in the manner in FIG. 7 . Fig. 7 presents the pipe means 11' leading to the nozzles relative to the filter means 17, in which case the positions of the nozzles arranged in the pipe means correspond substantially. Figure 6 shows the heightwise position of the spray nozzles 10' when the separating device is in a vertical position. In said case, it was found that, with the spray 13', the pressure medium can advantageously be sprayed over a larger area onto the surface of the filter device. Near the top end 19 of the filter, the second nozzle 10' is at a distance in height direction, preferably in the flow direction of the conveying air, from the lower end 18 of the filter. At least some of the nozzles 10, 10' may conduct a second medium (liquid or gas). Figures 6 and 7 present an embodiment in which a pressure medium (pressure medium) is guided from a first manifold 12 to a first nozzle by means of a first line 11, and the pressure medium or the second pressure medium is guided by means of a second line 11' Two pressure mediums (pressure medium') lead from the second manifold 12' to the second nozzles 10'. The first pressure medium and the second pressure medium may be the same pressure medium or pressure media different from each other. According to one embodiment, the first pressure medium is a gas, such as compressed air, and the second pressure medium is a liquid, eg water mist. According to a second embodiment, the second medium is a gas and the first medium is a liquid such as water mist.

Cleaning of the filter device 17 is further enhanced by causing a so-called "backflow" from the holes 20 into the filter device, in which case the air flow travels through the filter device in the opposite direction to normal. The pressure medium spray contributes to the travel of the waste particles which have been separated from the filter towards the bottom part of the chamber space 101 of the separation device 100 .

The present invention also relates to a method for increasing the separation efficiency of a separation device of a pneumatic material conveying system, such as a waste conveying system, and/or to a method for preventing clogging of an output hole for conveying air of a separation device, in the separation device , the material to be conveyed, such as waste material w, is separated from the conveying air a. The pressure medium is sprayed into the separation device 100 into the chamber space 101 of the separation device, preferably in the vicinity of the outlet opening 7 for the conveying air.

According to one embodiment, the pressure medium is sprayed with spray nozzles 10 which are arranged in or near the output opening 7 .

According to one embodiment, the pressure medium is sprayed in a direction substantially opposite to the flow direction of the conveying air.

According to one embodiment, the pressure medium is sprayed with a plurality of spray nozzles 10, 10'.

According to one embodiment, the pressure medium is sprayed so as to act on the waste-grade material so that at least partly due to the pressure medium spray 13 the waste-grade material is directed towards the bottom part of the separation device, said waste-grade material trying to be transported with The air moves together towards the output aperture 7 .

According to one embodiment, the pressure medium is a gas, such as compressed air.

According to one embodiment, the pressure medium is a liquid, in which case a liquid mist is preferably sprayed.

According to one embodiment, the conveying air is filtered with a filter device 17 , in which case pressure medium sprays 13 , 13 ′ are directed at least partially onto filter surfaces of the filter device 17 .

According to one embodiment, an air flow through the filter means 17 is induced in said opposite direction, in which case the removal or cleaning of blockages of the filter means is enhanced.

According to one embodiment, when the pressure medium is a liquid, the spray 13, 13' is used to moisten a part of the waste-grade material which, when wetted, settles towards the bottom part of the separation device.

According to one embodiment, the separation device 100 is a cyclone separator.

According to one embodiment, the separation device 100 is a waste bin.

The invention also relates to a device for increasing the separation efficiency of a separation device of a pneumatic material conveying system and/or to a device for preventing clogging of the outlet opening for conveying air of a separation device in which such as waste The material to be transported of the material w is separated from the transport air, and the separation device includes: a chamber space 101; an input hole 3 for the material to be transported and for the transport air; an output hole for the transport air 7; and an output hole 5 for the separated material. At least one spray nozzle 10, 10' for pressure medium is arranged in the separating device 100 for spraying the pressure medium into the chamber space 101 of the separating device, preferably in the vicinity of the outlet opening 7 for the conveying air, so that the pressure medium spraying is suitable. This acts on the waste grade material which tries to move together with said conveying air towards the output orifice 7 such that the waste grade material is directed towards the bottom part of the separation device 100 at least partly due to the pressure medium spray 13 .

According to one embodiment, the spray nozzles 10, 10' of the pressure medium are arranged in or near the outlet hole 7 for the conveying air.

According to one embodiment, spray nozzles 10, 10' of pressure medium are arranged in said output duct 9 of conveying air.

According to one embodiment, the spray nozzles 10, 10' of the pressure medium are directed to spray when actuated in a substantially opposite direction relative to the flow direction of the conveying air.

According to one embodiment, there are a plurality of spray nozzles 10, 10' of the pressure medium.

According to one embodiment, the spray nozzles 10, 10' of the pressure medium are arranged at a distance from each other.

According to one embodiment, a plurality of spray nozzles 10, 10' of pressure medium are arranged in a plurality side by side.

According to one embodiment, the spray nozzles 10, 10' of the pressure medium are arranged at a distance from each other along the flow direction of the conveying air.

According to one embodiment, the spray nozzles 10, 10' are configured to spray gas and/or liquid when activated.

According to one embodiment, the device comprises at least one filter device 17 for the conveying air, the spray nozzles 10' of the pressure medium being directed to spray the filter surface of said filter device 17 when activated.

According to one embodiment, with such a device, an air flow through the filter means 17 is induced in the opposite direction, in which case the removal or cleaning of blockages of the filter means is further enhanced.

It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the above described embodiments but that it may vary within the scope of the claims mentioned below. Features mentioned in this description, possibly in combination with other features, can also be used independently of each other, if desired.

Claims (24)

1. one kind for improving the separation efficiency of the disengagement gear of pneumatic waste delivery system and/or the method for the delivery orifice for conveying air for preventing from blocking disengagement gear, in described disengagement gear, waste material (w) and described conveying air (a) are separated, it is characterized in that, in order to make conveying air diverts, cylindrical wall portion (6) is arranged in the top section of described disengagement gear, described cylindrical wall portion extends in the cavity space (101) of described disengagement gear, the delivery orifice (7) of conveying air is arranged in the base section of cylindrical wall portion (6), for pressure medium being sprayed onto in described disengagement gear (100) near the delivery orifice (7) of conveying air, enter into the cavity space (101) of disengagement gear, refuse level material to attempting to move towards described delivery orifice (7) together in company with described conveying air is worked, make due to the sprinkling (13) of described pressure medium, the base section of described refuse level material towards described disengagement gear (100) to be guided at least in part.

2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, sprays described pressure medium with spreader nozzle (10), and described spreader nozzle is arranged in described delivery orifice (7) or is arranged near described delivery orifice.

3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, sprays described pressure medium along the direction substantially contrary relative to the flow direction of described conveying air.

4. the method according to any one in claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, sprays described pressure medium with multiple spreader nozzle (10,10 ').

5. the method according to any one in claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, described pressure medium is gas.

6. the method according to any one in claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, described pressure medium is liquid.

7. the method according to any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described conveying air is filtered with filtering installation (17), in the described situation, the sprinkling (13,13 ') of described pressure medium is directed on the filter surfaces of described filtering installation (17) at least in part.

8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, causes in the opposite direction by the air stream of described filtering installation (17), in the described situation, strengthens removing or clearing up the tamper of described filtering installation.

9. method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, when described pressure medium is liquid, a part for refuse level material is wetted because of the sprinkling (13,13 ') of pressure medium, and described refuse level material precipitates towards the base section of described disengagement gear (100) when wetting.

10. the method according to any one in claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, described disengagement gear (100) is cyclone.

11. methods according to any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described disengagement gear (100) is litter-bin.

12. methods according to any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described pressure medium is pressure gas.

13. methods according to any one in claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, described pressure medium is the liquid mist of spraying.

14. 1 kinds for improving the separation efficiency of the disengagement gear of pneumatic waste material-transporting system and/or the equipment of the delivery orifice for conveying air for preventing from blocking disengagement gear, in disengagement gear, the waste material (w) of carrying and conveying air (a) are separated, and described disengagement gear (100) comprising: cavity space (101), for the input hole (3) of the material that will carry and conveying air, for the delivery orifice (7) of described conveying air, and for the delivery orifice (5) of separation of material, it is characterized in that, in order to make conveying air diverts, cylindrical wall portion (6) is arranged in the top section of described disengagement gear, described cylindrical wall portion extends in the cavity space (101) of described disengagement gear, the delivery orifice (7) of conveying air is arranged in the base section of cylindrical wall portion (6), at least one spreader nozzle (10 of described pressure medium, 10 ') be arranged in described disengagement gear (100), for for pressure medium being sprayed onto in the cavity space (101) of described disengagement gear near the delivery orifice (7) of conveying air, the refuse level material that the sprinkling of pressure medium is suitable for attempting to move towards described delivery orifice (7) together in company with described conveying air works, make due to the sprinkling (13) of described pressure medium, the base section of described refuse level material towards described disengagement gear (100) to be guided at least in part.

15. equipment according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, the spreader nozzle (10,10 ') of described pressure medium is arranged in the delivery orifice (7) of described conveying air or near the delivery orifice (7) of described conveying air.

16. equipment according to claim 14, is characterized in that, the spreader nozzle (10,10 ') of described pressure medium is arranged in the output duct (9) of described conveying air.

17. according to claim 14 to the equipment described in any one in 16, it is characterized in that, the spreader nozzle (10,10 ') of described pressure medium is directed into when activating and sprays along the direction substantially contrary relative to the flow direction of described conveying air.

18., according to claim 14 to the equipment described in any one in 16, is characterized in that there is the spreader nozzle of multiple described pressure medium.

19. according to claim 14 to the equipment described in any one in 16, and it is characterized in that, the spreader nozzle (10,10 ') of described pressure medium is arranged to a segment distance apart.

20. according to claim 14 to the equipment described in any one in 16, and it is characterized in that, the spreader nozzle (10,10 ') of multiple described pressure medium is arranged to side by side multiple.

21. according to claim 14 to the equipment described in any one in 16, and it is characterized in that, the spreader nozzle (10,10 ') of described pressure medium is arranged to the flow direction segment distance apart along described conveying air.

22., according to claim 14 to the equipment described in any one in 16, is characterized in that, spreader nozzle (10,10 ') is configured to when activating spray gas and/or liquid.

23. according to claim 14 to the equipment described in any one in 16, it is characterized in that, described equipment comprises at least one filtering installation (17) for conveying air, and the spreader nozzle (10 ') of described pressure medium is directed into when activating and sprays the filter surfaces of described filtering installation.

24. equipment according to claim 23, it is characterized in that, utilize described equipment, cause in the opposite direction by the air stream of described filtering installation (17), in the described situation, enhancing removing or clearing up the tamper of filtering installation further.