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CN103596610A - 注射装置 - Google Patents

注射装置 Download PDF

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CN103596610A
CN103596610A CN201280028489.2A CN201280028489A CN103596610A CN 103596610 A CN103596610 A CN 103596610A CN 201280028489 A CN201280028489 A CN 201280028489A CN 103596610 A CN103596610 A CN 103596610A
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cartridge case
housing
receiving member
needle stand
injection device
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CN103596610B (zh
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D.L.雷诺兹
D.麦克唐纳
Y.特伦布莱
J.特里帕尼尔
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Duoject Medical Systems Inc
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Abstract

一种注射装置，包括：壳体(12)；在壳体(12)内可滑动的针座(38)；针头(40)，具有远端刺穿尖端(42)和近端刺穿尖端(44)，针座(40)能够从远端刺穿尖端(42)位于壳体内的第一位置移动到远端刺穿尖端(42)延伸到壳体(12)之外的第二位置；第一弹簧(23)，朝着第一位置偏压针座(38)；和药筒接收构件(48)，安装在壳体内；以及柱塞杆组件(166)，该柱塞杆组件(166)具有远端内腔(102)和近端内腔(103)，远端内腔(102)设计成用于接收容纳液体(89)的药筒(85)，该药筒具有隔膜(87)和柱塞(88)以防止液体排出；和第二针座(91)，位于近端腔中，第二中空针头(92)安装在第二针座中，第二中空针头具有远端刺穿尖端(94)和近端刺穿尖端(93)，第二中空针头能够从第一非刺穿位置移动到第二位置，由此所述远端刺穿尖端(94)将刺穿隔膜(87)。

Description

注射装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种医疗装置，更具体地，涉及一种注射装置。
背景技术
注射装置被用于施予药物。有许多已知的注射装置，最普通的是注射器。已知的注射器主要包括圆柱形的管，具有安装在注射端的针头和安装在另一端的柱塞。针头和柱塞的中间是要注射的成分。
注射器常常被预填充，虽然这对于许多药物是令人满意的，但是对于其它一些必须维持在一定温度的药物而言，这是不期望的。该温度要求通常使预填充注射器的冷藏成为必需，以用于贮存的目的。正如将理解的，利用大量的空间来贮存传统的注射器。
传统注射器的另一问题是保护进行注射的人。经常地，药物注射可能对使用注射器的医疗人员造成危险。该问题是众所周知的，并且为了防止注射药物的人发生意外，已经提出了许多不同的装置或布置。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种注射装置，该注射装置保护进行注射的人不会遭受意外的刺伤。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种注射装置，该注射装置无需冷藏，可以接受药物小瓶并安全地将药物注入到患者。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种注射装置，该注射装置包括：壳体，孔在壳体的侧壁中；针座，针头安装在针座中，该针头具有远端刺穿尖端和近端刺穿尖端，该针座可滑动地安装在壳体内，该针座能够从远端刺穿尖端位于壳体内的第一位置移动到远端刺穿尖端延伸到壳体之外的第二位置；朝着第一位置偏压针座的弹簧；安装在壳体内的药筒接收构件，该药筒接收构件能够通过壳体的侧壁中的孔接近；柱塞杆组件，包括柱塞杆，用于对药筒接收构件施加压力，以使药筒和针座从第一位置移动到第二位置，柱塞杆具有远端内腔和近端内腔，远端内腔设计成用于接收容纳液体的药筒，该药筒具有隔膜和柱塞以防止液体排出；第二针座，位于近端腔中，第二中空针头安装在第二针座中，第二针头具有远端刺穿尖端和近端刺穿尖端，第二针头能够从第一非刺穿位置移动到第二位置，由此远端刺穿尖端将刺穿隔膜；和第二弹簧，安装成用于对容纳液体的药筒的柱塞施加压力。
本发明的注射装置典型地用于由有资格的医疗人员向患者施予药物。然而，将理解的是，本发明的范围不限于这种安排。在一些情况中，患者可以利用本发明的装置进行自我注射。此外，该装置可以用于需要注射药物的任何动物。
正如本说明书中使用的，物体的远端指的是物体的最接近进行注射的端部的端部，而物体的近端是距离施予注射的人的手更近的端部。
注射装置可以由任何合适的材料制成，包括玻璃、塑料、金属材料、它们的组合，等等。只要说本领域技术人员将选择最适于制造该装置的材料就够了。
壳体用于容纳本发明的各个部件，并且便利地，可以由模制塑料等形成。壳体还将与其它部件相互作用，以参与机械运动，正如下面将更详细描述的。
针座布置成接收具有远端刺穿尖端和近端刺穿尖端的针头。如本领域已知的，远端刺穿尖端是典型的注射刺穿尖端，并且具有相对较小的直径。
药筒接收构件，在优选实施例中，与针座一体形成，自然能够与之一起移动。
药筒接收构件的特征还在于具有部分地围绕药筒延伸的部分壁。剩余部分是开放的，以通过壳体中的孔接收药筒。然而，在柱塞杆向上移动时，使药筒接收构件旋转，使得壳体中的孔被药筒接收构件的部分壁覆盖。此外，当处于药筒不能被接近的位置时，药筒接收构件不能旋转回到其原始位置。
本发明的注射装置被设计成用于重组经常是以干的形式提供的必须在注射之前与稀释剂混合的药物。便利地，本发明的注射装置包括可以实现这种重组的布置。
为此，柱塞杆将包括第一远端腔和第二近端腔。安装在第一远端腔中的将是容纳稀释剂的药筒。该药筒是常规类型的，包括密封药筒的开放端的柱塞和位于药筒顶部的隔膜。
第二针座安装在近端腔中。第二中空针头安装在第二针座中。第二中空针头具有近端刺穿尖端和远端刺穿尖端，通过中空针头建立流体连通。第二针座能够从作为非刺穿位置的第一位置移动到第二位置，在该第二位置中，远端刺穿尖端将刺穿药筒的隔膜。第二针座的该移动是通过插入容纳干组分并对可移动针座施加压力的药筒导致的。这将使中空针头刺穿容纳液体的药筒的隔膜和干组分药筒的隔膜，从而在它们二者之间建立流体连通。
一旦建立流体连通，第二弹簧将对容纳液体的药筒的柱塞施加压力，以迫使稀释剂进入干组分药筒。容纳重组药物的药筒然后可以如之前讨论的那样插入在注射装置中。
附图说明
总体上描述了本发明之后，现在参照示出本发明的实施例的附图，附图中：
图1是示出装置和药筒的侧截面图；
图2是示出将药筒放在装置中的侧截面图；
图3是示出装置中的药筒的隔膜被刺穿的侧截面图；
图4是示出药筒在保持器内的初始移动的侧截面图；
图5是示出药筒和针座的进一步移动的侧截面图；
图6是示出柱塞杆的进一步移动的侧截面图；
图7和8是示出移动的进行过程和药筒内容物的注射的侧截面图；
图9是示出针座、药筒和药筒保持器的向后移动的侧截面图；
图10是示出注射后、针头收回之后的装置的侧截面图；
图11是壳体的侧截面图；
图12是针座和药筒保持器的透视图；
图13是针座和药筒保持器的另一透视图；
图14是柱塞杆组件的透视图；
图15是示出柱塞杆和针座的初始接合的透视图；
图16是示出在注射之后针座和柱塞杆的位置的透视图；和
图17A至17G示出该装置的变型形式。
具体实施方式
更详细地参照附图，借助附图标记，图1-10示出了本发明的装置(总体上由附图标记10表示)，以及总体上由附图标记26表示的药筒。
装置10具有基本上为圆柱形形状的外壳体12。凸缘14设置在壳体12的近端，而在壳体12的远端设置了盖16。盖16与壳体12的远端螺纹接合。要指出，盖16中存在孔或开口17，以使针头通过。出于下面讨论的原因，槽15形成在邻近凸缘14的区域中。
正如可以从图11中看出的，纵向延伸的肋18形成在壳体12的内表面上。虽然示出肋18在壳体12的大部分长度(substantial length)上延伸，但是许多实施例中需要的仅是上部或远端部。肋18设置有总体上由附图标记20表示的凹陷。肋18还具有成角度的顶壁22。开口19设置在壳体12中以允许药筒的插入，如图1-10所示。
药筒26可以是标准药筒或小瓶，并容纳着待注射至患者的药物。药筒26，如本领域中常规的，具有隔膜28和覆盖隔膜28的盖30。柱塞32在药筒的近端安装在药筒内部，以防止药物34损失。
可移动的针座38安装在壳体12内，并设置了针头40。针头40包括用于注射至患者中的远端刺穿尖端42和布置成用于刺穿药筒26的隔膜28以获取药物34的近端刺穿尖端44。
针座38具有圆柱形的上部46和由从上部46向下悬垂的下面的半圆柱形的壁48限定的药筒接收构件。在半圆柱形壁48的外部，形成有部分地延伸到壁48中的凹陷50。凸起的槽脊部分52位于凹陷50内，以限定第一沟槽54和第二沟槽56。凹陷61通过突出部63形成在第二沟槽56中。在凸起的槽脊部分52的下端，设置了第一成角度的底壁58，该底壁58与侧壁60相交以形成小槽口。在相反侧，设置了第二成角度的底壁62。另一成角度的壁部59靠近针座38的上部设置在针座38上。
总体上由附图标记66表示的柱塞杆组件具有圆柱形的下部68，在该圆柱形的下部68的顶部形成有扩大部70，该扩大部70中形成有槽72，原因将在下面讨论。肋65形成在圆柱形的下部68的外部，用于与槽15接合。
柱塞杆66还包括部分上壁74，该部分上壁74围绕中心推杆76延伸，中心推杆76的尺寸确定为能够安装在小瓶26内，以推动柱塞32。在部分上壁74的上拐角处，设置了具有钩构造的凹陷75。
小瓶26通过壳体12中的开口19插入，正如可以在图1和2中看出的。如果期望，可以布置成使得小瓶26具有在插入时被下刺穿端44刺穿的隔膜28。弹簧23围绕针头40的上部延伸。
初始地，凹陷部75与变尖的端壁62接合。凹陷75的钩状性质确保了两个壁保持接触一段时间，使刺穿端44足以刺穿隔膜28。作用于柱塞杆66上的持续的压力将导致拐角75和71脱离，并向针座38赋予旋转运动。而这将允许肋18进入第一沟槽54。作用于柱塞杆66上的持续的压力将使拐角75与倾斜壁59接触。这导致针座38相对于壳体12进一步旋转。该进一步的旋转将使肋18的上端进入到沟槽56中。这样，压力将会施加直到肋18的顶部进入凹陷61。肋然后处于锁定位置，针座38被弹簧23向后推压。
肋18的顶部在凹陷61内的持续接合确保了针头在被锁定在适当位置时不会暴露。
图17A至17G的实施例中示出了变型装置。在示出与图1-16的实施例的部件相同的部件时，采用了100形式的类似附图标记。
装置110具有总体上大致为圆柱形形状的壳体112。凸缘114位于壳体112的近端，而在壳体112的远端设置了盖116，盖116与壳体112的远端螺纹接合。正如前面所示，盖116中存在开口117，以允许针头通过。
与前面描述的实施例中一样，壳体112的内表面上具有肋(未示出)。壳体112还包括允许药筒插入的开口119。
所示的布置提供了具有盖81和隔膜82的药筒80。柱塞83设置成用于保持药筒80内的干组分84。
第二药筒85安装在柱塞杆166的内部。药筒85包括盖86、隔膜87和柱塞88。稀释剂89置于药筒85的内部。柱塞杆166具有远端内腔102和近端内腔103。
安装在柱塞杆166内的是第二针座91，针头92安置在该第二针座91的内部。针头92包括第一刺穿端93和第二刺穿端94。螺旋弹簧90安装成抵接柱塞88。
在操作中，容纳干组分的药筒80插入到柱塞杆66的内部。针头92的近端刺穿端93然后将刺破药筒80的隔膜82，如图17D所示。然后，药筒80向上的持续移动将使针座91移动，使得远端刺穿端94刺穿药筒85的隔膜87，从而在这两个药筒之间提供流体通路，如图17E所示。弹簧90将用于推动柱塞88以使稀释剂89从药筒85排出到药筒80中(图17F)。药筒80然后可以被移出并像之前描述的实施例中那样放置在壳体12的主体的内部(图17G)。其余操作与之前描述的实施例相同。

Claims (7)

1.一种注射装置，包括：
壳体(12)，孔(19)在所述壳体的侧壁中；
针座(38)，针头(40)安装在所述针座(38)中，所述针头(40)具有远端刺穿尖端(42)和近端刺穿尖端(44)，所述针座(38)可滑动地安装在所述壳体(12)内，所述针座(38)能够从所述远端刺穿尖端(42)位于所述壳体(12)内的第一位置移动到所述远端刺穿尖端(42)延伸到所述壳体(12)之外的第二位置；
弹簧(22)，朝着所述第一位置偏压所述针座(38)；
药筒接收构件(48)，安装在所述壳体内，所述药筒接收构件(48)能够通过所述壳体的所述侧壁中的所述孔(19)接近；
柱塞杆组件(166)，包括柱塞杆，用于对所述药筒接收构件(48)施加压力，以使所述药筒(26)和所述针座(38)从所述第一位置移动到所述第二位置；
所述柱塞杆具有远端内腔(102)和近端内腔(103)，所述远端内腔设计成用于接收容纳液体(89)的药筒(85)，所述药筒具有隔膜(87)和柱塞(88)以防止所述液体排出；
第二针座(91)，位于所述近端腔中，第二中空针头(92)安装在所述第二针座(91)中，所述第二针头具有远端刺穿尖端(94)和近端刺穿尖端(93)，所述第二中空针头(92)能够从第一非刺穿位置移动到第二位置，由此所述远端刺穿尖端(94)将刺穿所述隔膜(87)；和
第二弹簧(90)，安装成用于对所述容纳液体的药筒的所述柱塞施加压力。
2.如权利要求1的注射装置，还包括第二药筒(80)，所述第二药筒(80)容纳干组分(84)，所述第二药筒具有第二药筒隔膜(81)和第二药筒柱塞(83)，所述第二药筒(80)能够插入在所述近端腔(103)中以对所述第二针座(91)施加压力，使得所述第二针头将刺穿所述第一容器的所述隔膜(86)和所述第二容器的所述隔膜(81)。
3.如权利要求1的注射装置，其中，所述药筒接收构件(48)和所述针座(38)是一体的。
4.如权利要求3的注射装置，其中，所述柱塞杆组件(66)具有推杆(76)和部分地围绕所述推动壁的部分上壁(74)，所述部分上壁(74)具有比所述推杆(76)大的长度。
5.如权利要求4的注射装置，其中，所述部分上壁(74)具有成角度的拐角(75)，所述药筒接收构件(48)具有药筒接收构件的部分壁，所述药筒接收构件的部分壁具有变尖的拐角(62)，以与所述部分上壁(74)上的所述成角度的拐角(75)接合，从而允许向上推动所述药筒接收构件(48)。
6.如权利要求5的注射装置，其中，所述部分上壁(74)与所述药筒接收构件的部分壁的接触使所述药筒接收构件(48)旋转，并由此使所述药筒接收构件的部分壁阻挡所述壳体中的所述开口，从而防止所述药筒从所述开口移出。
7.如权利要求6的注射装置，其中，所述壳体在其内表面上具有突出部，所述药筒接收构件具有第一和第二沟槽，所述第二沟槽具有形成在其中的凹陷，用于接合所述壳体的所述内表面上的所述突出部，从而防止所述药筒接收构件的进一步移动。
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CN103596610B (zh) 2016-04-20
EP2717946A1 (en) 2014-04-16

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