Background technology
Lithium ion battery is used widely in the power supply with small capacity field of portable type electronic product, along with the application of high capacity lithium ion battery in Moped Scooter and electric motor car, to the actual environment of cell high-capacity, high voltage, low cost, adaptation winter low temperature and cycle life performance, require more and more higher.Spinelle LiMn
2o
4positive electrode contradiction is particularly outstanding, and manganate cathode material for lithium cost and cell voltage have a clear superiority in, but heavy-current discharge polarization and cycle life are obviously not enough, and this is main causes structural deterioration closely related with material expansion
Acid lithium anode material changes as follows at charge and discharge process:
Due to Li
+the de-embedding of ion and Mn
3+, Mn
4+change and cause structure to be out of shape along octahedra axial stretching, be i.e. Jahn-Teller effect; Along with charge and discharge cycles, material structure destroys gradually, invertibity variation, and battery capacity is just decline gradually also.Although circulation, to other material, comprises that negative material structural damage does not have manganate cathode material for lithium obvious.But the swollen cycle life that also affects significantly lithium ion battery of the positive and negative pole material volume that the de-embedding of lithium ion causes contracting.
In addition at analysing valve control type lead-acid accumulator battery in charge and discharge cycles process, on positive pole due to PbO
2be converted into PbSO
4the swollen original structure that also easily causes of volume contracting destroy, between active material, contact variation, invertibity declines, and causes inducing capacity fading and battery capacity early failure (being commonly referred to PCL-2 failure mode).Traditional lead acid accumulator solution is that positive plate is made to tubular structure, positive active material is filled in the terylene sleeve pipe of porous, suppress positive active material in cyclic process and expand, extending battery life greatly, but tubular structure plate technique more complicated.
Existing two patent of invention file (CN 1967922A, CN 1967925A) in, illustrated pressurized applications formation charging stage in lithium ion battery production process, to be conducive to battery, just changing into middle minimizing, negative plate pole plate in activation expands and causes the integral thickness of pole piece deformation effect battery, the cell thickness difference that makes to dispatch from the factory can be controlled in 0.1mm with interior and can to make battery bleed cleaner, to reduce aeration, but said method still cannot solve in use square structure lithium ion battery at present, especially aluminum plastic film soft package structure and adopt manganate cathode material for lithium, due to circulating battery use procedure electrode deformation and anode structure expansion damage, cause battery capacity to fail too early, obviously shorten the problems such as battery.
Summary of the invention
The present invention improves the problems referred to above, be that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention prevents in lithium ion battery use procedure due to circulating battery use procedure electrode deformation and anode structure expansion damage, cause battery capacity to fail too early, obviously shorten the problems such as battery.
Specific embodiment of the invention scheme is: a kind of method that improves performance of lithium ion battery, it is characterized in that, and described battery pole piece surface uniform ground appropriateness is exerted pressure, and described pressure is 100~300KPa.
The second scheme of the invention of the present invention is: a kind of manufacture that improves performance of lithium ion battery, it is characterized in that, shown in battery there is the lithium ion battery of rectangular cell shell or takeup type utmost point group structure, comprise following manufacture step:
(1) by stacking pole piece finish-drying, between negative pole and positive pole, be provided with barrier film;
(2) overlapping successively according to the order of negative pole, barrier film, positive pole, barrier film, after being stacked, be wound into flat, to battery pressurization, Shi Ji group is fixed-type, to avoid the middle part of pole piece coiling to increase thickness to outer process;
(3) Jiang Ji group puts into outer rigid housing, and the ,Jiang Ji group of pressurizeing for the second time fills in battery case Zhong,Shi Ji group inside tightly certain assembling pressure;
(4) battery to step 3 injects electrolyte, charging, sealing;
(5), along with the expansion of charging process pole piece, rely on the rigidity Shi Ji group inside of battery case to there is certain pressure, the object of exerting pressure to reach Dui Ji group, reduce battery polarization, slow down active material structure degradation on pole piece, improve battery capacity, extend battery.
Further, the described battery case of step (3) inner side has tapering up and down, to increase operability.
The 3rd scheme of the invention of the present invention is: a kind of device that improves battery performance, it is characterized in that, comprise the upper lower plate for boosting battery, described train wheel bridge top is provided with a rigid plate, between rigid plate and train wheel bridge, be provided with pressure sensor, described pressure sensor lower end acts on train wheel bridge, and described rigid plate and lower plate are bolted.
Further, between described train wheel bridge and lower plate, be provided with a plurality of middle splint for boosting battery.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: (1) has suppressed cell expansion by pressurization, reduces battery at the electrode deformation that changes into the activation stage, and cell thickness is more consistent; (2) by pressurization, improved significantly the Li of lithium ion battery in anodal and negative material
+diffusion process, reduces inside battery polarization and the internal resistance of cell, meanwhile, improves battery discharge voltage platform, and battery power output increases; By pressurization, improve battery charge acceptance, improve battery invertibity, shorten the charging interval; (3) by pressurization, improve active material utilization, improve the structural deterioration that battery capacity and battery are effectively exported energy and suppressed to cause due to the expansion of battery charging and discharging active material, thereby can extend battery; (4) the present invention is alleviated by strengthening air chamber space, side and unidirectional valve for the issuable gas of lithium ion battery.
The method that the present invention adopts and device are very simple, the rectangular lithium ion battery of can be widely used in reeling pole piece or lamination, and the method and device are not only applied to the lithium ion battery group that single lithium ion battery also can form for a plurality of battery series-parallel connections.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail.
As shown in Fig. 1~2, be the associated electrical chemical property check experiment data after lithium ion battery pressurization.
As shown in Figure 1, for lithium ion battery is depressed internal pressure delta data figure outside adding.
When lithium ion battery is contraction state in electric discharge Tai Shiji group, now volume is minimum.We discharge battery (100%DOD) completely for this reason, be depressed into 300kPa, and battery is charged and discharge cycles outside then lithium ion battery being added, and inner pressure of lithium ion battery changes as shown in Figure 1.At 300 kPa, depress pressure in charging, discharging electric batteries process outward and change about 160kPa.If cell or battery module Zhong Ji group are not limited by external pressure, in charge and discharge process, active material will occur significantly to expand so, thereby cause active material structural deterioration and shorter battery life.
As shown in Figure 2, for lithium ion battery is depressed cell voltage variation correction data in pressurization with not.
When battery discharges under applying external pressure, lithium ion battery voltage platform is higher, and electrode polarization is less; Compare, outside not applying, depress, electrode polarization is larger, and battery pressure drop is larger, effectively exports energy less.When charging, particularly, in the charging middle and later periods, impressed pressure has obviously reduced electrode polarization, and charging voltage is lower.Therefore in charging and discharging process, pressurization has obviously improved battery discharge voltage platform and charge acceptance, thereby has also improved capacity of lithium ion battery.
Following table is not depressed lithium-ion battery with aluminium plastic film capacity, voltage platform and charge efficiency for pressurizeing and adding.
Pressure/kPa |
Capacity/mAh |
Pressure/V in electric discharge |
Charge efficiency/% |
0 |
1115.7 |
3.581 |
97.5 |
300 |
1137.9 |
3.612 |
98.0 |
As shown in Figure 3: for difference is depressed capacity of lithium ion battery outward.
Fig. 3 shows that battery capacity also increases along with lithium ion battery impressed pressure is increased, but after surpassing 300kPa, capacity of lithium ion battery changes not obvious.
Thus, a kind of method that improves performance of lithium ion battery, on battery pole piece, appropriateness is exerted pressure equably, described pressure is 100 kPa~300kPa, because inside lithium ion cell pole piece expands, its maximum pressure is less than 500KPa, and this pressure is much smaller than the safe range of lithium ion battery crimp test pressurized.
The method has the following advantages:
(1) reduce battery at the electrode deformation that changes into the activation stage, cell thickness is more consistent; (2) by pressurization, improved significantly the Li of lithium ion battery in anodal and negative material
+diffusion process, reduces inside battery polarization and the internal resistance of cell, meanwhile, improves battery discharge voltage platform, and battery power output increases; By pressurization, improve battery charge acceptance, improve battery invertibity, shorten the charging interval; (3) by pressurization, improve active material utilization, improve the structural deterioration that battery capacity and battery are effectively exported energy and suppressed to cause due to the expansion of battery charging and discharging active material, thereby can extend battery; (4) the present invention is alleviated by strengthening air chamber space, side and unidirectional valve for the issuable gas of lithium ion battery.
The present invention also comprises a kind of method that improves performance of lithium ion battery, it is characterized in that, shown in battery there is the lithium ion battery of rectangular cell shell or takeup type utmost point group structure, comprise following preparation method:
(1) by stacking pole piece finish-drying, between negative pole and positive pole, be provided with barrier film;
(2) overlapping successively according to the order of negative pole, barrier film, positive pole, barrier film, after being stacked, be wound into flat, to battery pressurization, Shi Ji group is fixed-type, to avoid the middle part of pole piece coiling to increase thickness to outer process;
(3) Jiang Ji group puts into outer rigid housing, and the ,Jiang Ji group of pressurizeing for the second time fills in battery case Zhong,Shi Ji group inside tightly certain assembling pressure;
(4) battery to step 3 injects electrolyte, charging, sealing;
(5), along with the expansion of charging process pole piece, rely on the rigidity Shi Ji group inside of battery case to there is certain pressure, the object of exerting pressure to reach Dui Ji group, reduce battery polarization, slow down active material structure degradation on pole piece, improve battery capacity, extend battery.
As shown in Figure 4, the present invention also comprises a kind of device that improves performance of lithium ion battery, comprise train wheel bridge 10 and lower plate 20 for boosting battery, described train wheel bridge 10 tops are provided with a rigid plate 30, between rigid plate 30 and train wheel bridge 10, be provided with pressure sensor 40, described pressure sensor 40 lower ends act on train wheel bridge 10, and described rigid plate 30 is bolted with lower plate 20.
This device using method is as follows:
(1) according to lithium ion battery size, select suitable rigid insulation plate;
(2) keep flat the lithium ion battery of flexible package, in utilization, lower plate is clamped battery, and the size of upper lower plate equals or is slightly larger than the length of battery and wide, exposes lug and air bag, and the clamping plate of boosting battery require smooth surface, can not puncture battery soft packaging bag;
(3) put pressure sensor 40 and rigid plate 30, then 30 4 jiaos of rigid plate, screw down, when tightening self-contained battery by square head bolts and pressurizeing, guarantee to press from both sides that two plate faces of battery are parallel or four jiaos of clearance distances are the same, so that battery uniform stressed, and make battery pressurized reach setting; Pressure sensor is externally connected to pressure on the number display list, can directly obtain battery applied pressure.
This device is applicable to monocell, battery pack or battery module, can transfer the pressure to any apparatus and method in battery pole piece Huo Ji group by shell.
As shown in Figure 5, between described train wheel bridge and lower plate, be provided with a plurality of middle splint 50 for boosting battery 100.Often adjacent two batteries are according to anodal anticathode, negative pole is installed positive pole, to shorten, is connected in series wire, is placed with the insulation middle splint 50 of certain degree of hardness between battery, by fastening nut, make battery pack reach certain gauge, make it battery pack correspondence and be subject to certain pressure.
The battery pack use of working under this pressure.Also battery pack can be packed under certain pressure in the large battery pack groove with rigidity, this battery case is not only in order to place or packed battery group, the more important thing is battery pack is entered after groove being subject to carrying out work under controlled certain pressure, to reach and to improve lithium ion battery group performance and useful life.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations of doing according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.