CN103579690A - A storage battery repair system capable of remote control and its repair method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a storage battery repair system capable of realizing remote control, which comprises a database, a system control device, a charge and discharge control device, a discharge device and a charge device, wherein the database is used for storing a plurality of storage battery repair parameters; the charging equipment and the discharging equipment are externally connected to a storage battery to be repaired, the charging equipment and the discharging equipment are internally connected to charging and discharging control equipment respectively, the charging and discharging control equipment is connected with system control equipment through a communication network, and the system control equipment is connected with the database. The invention can automatically select a repair mode for determining the charging amount and the charging program according to the actual discharging data of different storage batteries, realizes the remote operation of repairing the storage batteries, is favorable for realizing the sharing of repair knowledge, is favorable for quickly transmitting the targeted repair mode to each repair site, and improves the repair effect of the storage batteries.

Description

A storage battery repair system capable of remote control and its repair method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a battery repair system capable of realizing remote control and a repair method thereof.

Background technique

Batteries are generally referred to as batteries that can be repeatedly charged and discharged, also known as secondary batteries. Currently, lead-acid batteries are the most widely used storage batteries in the market. They have a wide range of sources of manufacturing materials, low prices, and have the advantages of safety, reliability, large capacity, and high discharge intensity. Among the various types of batteries currently in use, only lead-acid batteries can achieve a recycling efficiency of 99%, and material resources can be recycled almost completely, which is in line with the development trend of green and environmental protection. At present, lead-acid batteries occupy an absolute dominant position in high-power/large-capacity fields such as electric tractors, vehicle and ship starting, communication stations, and energy storage.

However, lead-acid batteries have the disadvantages of short service life and easy scrapping in advance, which will cause huge waste of resources for the society. According to statistics, at present, the electric bicycle industry in my country alone needs to use about 600 million lead-acid batteries every year. Due to the serious phenomenon of early discarding, the amount of lead-acid batteries discarded in the electric bicycle industry alone exceeds 600 million a year. In addition to other industries, the amount of lead-acid batteries discarded every year is even greater.

Repairing lead-acid batteries is a feasible technical means to avoid premature scrapping of lead-acid batteries, prolong battery life and reduce waste of resources. In the prior art, there are many methods for repairing lead-acid batteries, including: rich liquid supplementary charging method, positive/negative pulse charging method, multi-stage intelligent charging method, high temperature shelving method and so on. Different types of repair methods require different technical treatments for batteries with different capacity decay states. Due to the diversity of lead-acid battery repair methods, the diversity of repair materials and the diversity of the state of the battery to be repaired, the technology for implementing lead-acid battery repair Personnel need to have rich technical experience, need to have a deep understanding of various functional materials and technical principles and methods that have emerged in recent years, and need to have strict control over the repair process of lead-acid batteries. It is precisely because battery repair has relatively strict requirements on technology, generally speaking, the overall repair effect of the current lead-acid battery is not ideal, and the repair efficiency is very low. For the above reasons, there is still a lack of equipment that can automatically and efficiently complete the repair of lead-acid batteries in the prior art.

In addition to lead-acid batteries, other types of secondary batteries, such as lithium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, etc., will be discarded in advance due to under-maintenance charging during use or overcharging caused by excessive charging constant voltage and high ambient temperature. , Through special charging and discharging methods, the capacity can be recovered to a certain extent and continue to be used, and its repair treatment can also reduce the waste of material resources and product manufacturing energy to a certain extent.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the lack of equipment capable of automatically and efficiently completing battery repair in the prior art, thereby providing a remote control system capable of realizing battery repair.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a battery repair system capable of remote control, including a database 1, a system control device 4, a charging and discharging control device 7, a discharging device 2, and a charging device 3; wherein the charging device 3 and the discharge device 2 are respectively connected to the positive and negative ends of the external storage battery 6 to be repaired, and the charging device 3 and the discharge device 2 are respectively connected to the charge and discharge control device 7, and the charge and discharge The control device 7 is connected to the system control device 4 through the communication network 5, and the system control device 4 is connected to the database 1;

The discharge device 2 discharges the storage battery 6 according to the instructions issued by the charge and discharge control device 7, and returns corresponding data to the charge and discharge device 7; the data includes: the storage battery 6 and The time value T ₀ fed back when the rated current I _e of the standard discharges to the end voltage V ₀ of the standard, the average discharge voltage value V ₀₁ at the time T ₀ and the real-time voltage value V ₁ fed back at the discharge pause time T ₁ ; among them, The value of _T1 mentioned above is 0.5~5% _{of the nominal rating of} T;

The charging device 3 performs a charging operation on the storage battery 6 according to an instruction issued by the charging and discharging control device 7, and the charging operation includes charging the storage battery 6 with a specified amount of electricity;

The charge and discharge control device 7 transmits the instructions issued by the system control device 4 to the discharge device 2 or the charge device 3, and also transmits the data returned by the discharge device 2 to the system control device 4 ;

The system control device 4 reads the corresponding relationship between the restoration charge C stored in the database 1 and the T ₀ , V ₀₁ , and V ₁ according to the fed back values of T ₀ , V ₀₁ , and V ₁ , select a repairing method according to this corresponding relationship, read the command corresponding to the selected repairing method from the database 1 and send it to the charging device 3 through the charging and discharging control device 7; wherein, the repairing charging The corresponding relationship between the quantity C and the T ₀ , V ₀₁ , and V ₁ is C=﹢m﹢n(1－T ₀ /T _{nominal rating} )﹞C _nominal ; among them, m=1.1～1.3; n =1.0～3.2, its value range is determined by the value of V ₀₁ and V ₁ ;

The above-mentioned I _e , V ₀ , T _{nominal rating} and C _nominal are known values stipulated by national technical standards.

In the above technical solution, the database 1 and the system control device 4 form a remote control terminal, the charge and discharge control device 7, the discharge device 2 and the charging device 3 form a local repair terminal, and the remote control terminal can perform at least one The local repair side takes control.

In the above technical solution, the communication network is the Internet.

In the above technical solution, the communication network is a local area network.

The present invention also provides a battery repair method based on the battery repair system capable of realizing remote control, including:

Step 1), fully charge the battery to be repaired in a constant voltage and current limiting manner, and then let it stand for a period of time, the standing time is greater than 10 minutes;

Step 2), set the intensity of I _e and the end voltage V ₀ to detect the discharge, and obtain the electromotive force E before discharge, the time T ₀ of discharge to the end voltage V ₀ , the average discharge voltage value V ₀₁ at T ₀ time, and the discharge to The real-time voltage value V ₁ rebounded at T ₁ time after no-load operation after V ₀ ;

Step 3), according to the data obtained in step 2), determine the repair charging capacity C required for repair charging of the storage battery to be repaired;

Step 4), according to the data obtained in step 2) and the data of the repaired charging capacity C obtained in step 3), charge in stages to realize the repair of the battery.

In the above technical solution, after step 2) and before step 4), it also includes:

Step a), according to the data obtained in step 2), determine the failure mode of the battery to be repaired, add repair materials to the battery to be repaired according to different failure modes, and replenish electrolyte for the battery.

In the above technical solution, in the step a), the repair materials are added to the lead-acid battery to be repaired according to different failure modes, and the lead-acid battery includes:

Step a-1), when the battery to be repaired meets two or three of the three characteristics of E<2.15V/single cell, V ₀₁ ≤1.98V/single cell, and V ₁ <2.00V/single cell, execute Step a-2); when the battery to be repaired meets two or three of the three characteristics of E>2.23V/single cell, V ₀₁ >2.02V/single cell, V ₁ >2.05V/single cell, execute Step a-3); if it is not the above two typical state performances, execute step a-4);

Step a-2), adding a repairing material to the battery to be repaired to resist crystallization of lead sulfate on the plate, and then ending the operation of this step;

Step a-3), add a repair material to the battery to be repaired to inhibit the softening of the active material of the plate, and then end the operation of this step;

Step a-4), first add anti-sulfur material to the battery to be repaired, control the lead sulfate crystal salinization of the plate through charging, and then add the crystal-fixing material to control the softening of the active material of the plate through charging.

In the above technical solution, the step 2) includes:

Step 2-1), discharge the battery to be repaired to V ₀ at the rated current intensity I _e , and record the discharge time T ₀ ; if E<V ₀ , record the discharge time value T ₀ =0;

Step 2-2), in the process of discharging the battery with the current _Ie to _V0 , continuously sample the real-time discharge voltage value, calculate the sampling average value _V01 according to the sampling result and store the record;

Step 2-3), when the battery to be repaired is discharged to V ₀ with the current intensity of I _e , it is no-loaded for T ₁ time, and the real-time voltage value V ₁ rebounded at this time is recorded;

Step 2-4), deeply discharge the storage battery to be repaired to V ₂ , then gradually decrease the intensity of the discharge current and continue deep discharge to V ₂ , V ₂ ≤ 80% V ₀ /cell; wherein, the discharge current The step-by-step reduction of intensity includes: the current intensity of I _e is reduced by 1/2 equal parts, or reduced in any form, and the order of reduction is set to be more than 1 order.

In the above technical solution, the corresponding relationship between the repaired charging capacity C in step 3) and the T ₀ and V ₁ is C=﹢m﹢n(1－T ₀ /T _{nominal rating} )﹞C _{standard where} m=1.1～1.3, n=1.0～3.2, the value range of n depends on the type of storage battery combined with the value interval of V ₀₁ and V ₁ , for lead storage battery it includes:

i. When the V ₀₁ of the battery to be repaired is ≤1.98V/cell, the value of n is 2.5~3.2: Among them, when V ₁ <2.0V/cell, the value of n is 2.8~3.2, when V ₁ ≥2.0V/cell The value of n is 2.5~2.8;

ii. When the V ₀₁ of the battery to be repaired is >2.02V/cell, the value of n is 1.0~1.8: Among them, when V ₁ ≥2.05V/cell, the value of n is 1.0~1.3, when V ₁ <2.05V/cell The value of n is 1.3~1.8;

iii. When the battery to be repaired is not in the above two states, n takes the value of 1.8 to 2.5.

In the above technical solution, the step 4) includes for the lead storage battery:

Step 4-1), according to the V ₀₁ and V ₁ values of the battery to be repaired combined with the electromotive force E before discharge, select the initial charging current intensity, for E<V ₀ , V ₀₁ =V ₀ or V ₁ >2.10V/cell For batteries to be repaired, use ≤0.06C/A for initial charging, initially charge for 0.5 to 4 hours or charge until the voltage at both ends of the battery is ≥2.0V/cell, and then change to step 4-2); The battery is directly charged in step 4-2);

Step 4-2), charge the storage battery to be repaired with a current of 0.08~0.25C/A until it is charged to 70~95% of the C/Ah charging capacity jointly determined by the discharge data V ₀₁ , T ₀ , and V ₁ , and then change step 4-3);

Step 4-3), charge the battery to be repaired with a small current of 0.03-0.06C/A until it is charged with 100% C/Ah, so that the battery returns to the standard capacity.

In the above technical solution, charging in step 4-2) can be divided into two or more stages, and between different stages, sleep is set at intervals, charging with a small current charging current less than or equal to 0.03C/A, or shallow discharge is set;

In the above technical solution, the shallow discharge is set once or more during the charging process, the current intensity of the shallow discharge is ≤ I _e , and the discharge capacity is ≤ 0.5C/Ah; when the shallow discharge is set, the negative charge is charged in the later stage It is added that the remaining charge capacity of repair determined by C=﹢m﹢n(1－T ₀ /T _{nominal rating} )﹞C _nominal remains unchanged.

The advantages of the present invention are:

1. The storage battery repair method of the present invention can automatically select a repair method for determining the charging amount and charging procedure by means of a communication network for the actual discharge data of different storage batteries, thereby improving the repair rate of the storage battery.

2. The battery repair system of the present invention can realize the remote operation of the battery repair, which is beneficial to quickly transfer targeted repair methods to each repair site, and is beneficial to realize the sharing of repair knowledge.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the basic structure schematic diagram of the Internet system equipment of storage battery repair of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a voltage variation curve of a constant current deep discharge of a 6DZM battery;

Fig. 3 is a logical relationship diagram of the working program software of the discharge device;

Fig. 4 is a logic diagram of the deep discharge method of the discharge device;

Fig. 5 is a logic diagram of the working method of the charging device;

Fig. 6 is the charging current curve of embodiment 1 according to the charging amount correspondingly set according to the storage battery discharge data;

Fig. 7 is the charging current curve of embodiment 2 according to the charging amount correspondingly set according to the storage battery discharge data;

Fig. 8 is the charging current curve of embodiment 3 according to the corresponding charging capacity of battery discharge data;

Fig. 9 is the charging current curve of embodiment 4 according to the charging amount correspondingly set according to the storage battery discharge data;

Fig. 10 is the charging current curve of embodiment 5 according to the charging amount correspondingly set according to the storage battery discharge data;

Fig. 11 is the charging voltage setting curve corresponding to the battery discharge data according to the sixth embodiment.

Reference sign

1. Database 2. Discharging equipment 3. Charging equipment 4. Database control equipment

5. Internet data line 6. Storage battery 7. Charge/discharge control equipment

Detailed ways

Before explaining the present invention in detail, firstly, the relevant concepts involved in the present invention will be uniformly described, taking lead storage battery as an example, and analogously for other types of batteries to help understanding.

I _e (unit A): the discharge current intensity of the national technical standard rated hour rate of the storage battery industry, I _e = nominal rated capacity C _nominal (Ah) / standard discharge hour rate (h). For example, the national standard of electric bicycle 6DZM battery stipulates 2h rate discharge, I _e (A) = C _nominal /2h; the national standard of electric road vehicle battery stipulates 3h rate discharge, then I _e (A) = C _nominal /3h; The national standard of UPS uses the battery to discharge at a rate of 10h, then I _e (A) = C _nominal / 10h.

V ₀ (unit: V): the terminal voltage value of standard rated current intensity I _e discharge, for example, 2h or 3h rate power battery V ₀ = 1.75V/cell, communication station 10h rate battery V ₀ = 1.80V/cell grid.

T ₀ (unit h): The time for the battery to discharge at the rated hourly rate current I _e to the end voltage V ₀ specified in the standard. The physical meaning of T ₀ represents the capacity of the storage battery, which is I _e × T ₀ (Ah).

The above are all known values in the industry technology, and the following are the characteristic data values involved in the present invention (all examples that are not specifically explained are explained by taking lead-acid batteries as an example):

V ₀₁ : The average voltage value of the battery discharged during the T ₀ period. It is well known in the industry that V ₀₁ is related to the ion density of the electrolyte. For example, V ₀₁ of a lead battery is related to the density of sulfuric acid. The applicant found that the range of V ₀₁ exhibited by lead-acid batteries with different failure modes is obviously different, the typical lead sulfate crystallization salinization of the active material of the plate is obviously low in V ₀₁ , and the serious softening of the active material of the plate is obviously high in V ₀₂ . However, the V ₀₁ of the battery with two failure modes coexisting is in between; the interval performance of the three different V ₀₁ provides a characteristic basis for the repair process.

T ₁ : a time value involved in the battery repair process. When the battery is discharged to V ₀ with the rated current I _e , the electromotive force (open circuit voltage) of the pause discharge (no load, that is, the discharge load is disconnected) will tend to be basically stable in a certain period of time, and the value of T ₁ is based on the standard discharge rate of the battery _{The nominal rating of} T is a reference, and it is selected within the range of 0.5-5% _{of the nominal rating of} T. Preferably, the lower limit of 0.5-1.5% _{of the nominal rating is taken for the} 1-2h rate battery, and the median value is taken for the 3-5h rate battery 1~3%T _{nominal rating} , 10~20h rate battery takes the upper limit value 3~5%T _{nominal rating} .

V ₁ : The real-time voltage value that the battery can achieve during T ₁ time of no-load operation. The applicant found that the V ₁ of batteries with different failure modes has obvious different ranges. For example, when the failure mode of lead-acid batteries is the typical lead sulfate crystallization of the active material of the plate, the V ₁ is generally low, and the active material of the plate is severely softened. It shows that V ₁ is obviously high; when the two failure modes coexist, it shows that V ₁ is in between; the three different real-time voltage V ₁ intervals provide another characteristic basis for the repair process of lead-acid batteries.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

With reference to Fig. 1, the remote control system for storage battery repair of the present invention comprises database 1, system control device 4, charging and discharging control device 7, discharging device 2 and charging device 3; Wherein, described charging device 3 and discharging device 2 It can be respectively connected to the positive and negative ends of the external storage battery 6 to be repaired, and connected to the charge and discharge control device 7 respectively, and the charge and discharge control device 7 is connected to the system control device 4 through the communication network 5, The system control device 4 is connected to the database 1 .

During the battery repair process, the discharge device 2, the charging device 3 and the charge and discharge control device 7 in the remote control system are located at the scene of the battery repair, and the database 1 and the system control device 4 can be at the scene of the battery repair, It can also be at a remote location away from the restoration site. The communication network 5 used to connect the charging and discharging control device 7 and the system control device 4 may be the Internet or a local area network. In Fig. 1, only the database 1 and the system control device 4 are shown to control the charge and discharge of a set of charge and discharge devices including the discharge device 2, the charge device 3 and the charge and discharge control device 7, but in actual use, all The database 1 and the system control device 4 can simultaneously control multiple sets of charging and discharging equipment located in different places through the communication network.

The discharge device 2 is used for releasing the electric energy in the storage battery 6 to be repaired. In one embodiment, the discharge device 2 includes a constant current discharge load resistor, a micro data read/write memory, a discharge time counter, a real-time display voltmeter, a data input/output interface, a constant current discharge and a real-time voltage management unit. During the working process, the discharge device 2 receives instructions from the charge and discharge control device 7 , and can perform a series of discharge operations on the storage battery 6 according to the instructions, and return corresponding data to the charge and discharge control device 7 .

The charging device 3 is used to charge the storage battery 6 to be repaired. In one embodiment, the charging device 3 includes a constant current charging real-time management unit, a charging time counter, a real-time display current/voltage meter, a micro data read/write memory, and a data input/output interface. During the working process, the charging device 3 receives instructions issued by the charging and discharging control device 7 , and can perform a series of charging operations on the storage battery 6 according to the instructions, and return corresponding data to the charging and discharging controlling device 7 .

In this embodiment, the discharging device 2 and the charging device 3 are two independent devices, and in other embodiments, it can also be realized by an integrated discharging/charging machine.

The charge and discharge control device 7 is used to receive the command sent by the system control device 4 and send the command to the discharge device 2 and the charge device 3 . In this embodiment, the charging and discharging control device 7 is an independent physical device, but in other embodiments, it can also be implemented on the same physical device as the discharging device 2 and the charging device 3 .

The system control device 4 is based on the time value T 0 fed back by the discharge device 2 when the storage battery 6 to be repaired is discharged to the end voltage V _{0 with} the standard rated current I _e , the discharge average voltage value V ₀₁ at the time T ₀ , and the discharge Pause the real-time voltage value V ₁ fed back at time T ₁ , read the corresponding relationship between the repaired charging capacity C (Ah) stored in the database 1 and the V ₀₁ , T ₀ , and V ₁ , and select according to this relationship For a suitable repairing method, the command corresponding to the repairing method is sent to the charging device 3 through the charging and discharging control device 7 . The charging device 3 uses this repair method to repair the battery 6 .

The database 1 is used to store the corresponding relationship between the repairing charging amount C and the V ₀₁ , T ₀ , V ₁ and the order of the repairing method corresponding to these corresponding relationships.

The above is the description of the remote control system for battery repair of the present invention, and the battery repair method realized based on the system will be described below mainly by taking lead battery as an example.

There are two typical failure modes in lead-acid batteries: the crystallization of lead sulfate on the plate and the softening of the active material on the plate. The charging method can be used to repair the lead-acid batteries in the above two failure modes to a certain extent. Regardless of the failure mode of the lead-acid battery, there is generally a secondary energy platform at 1 to 1.6V in a single cell. Attachment 2 shows the voltage variation curve of a 6DZM failed battery constant current discharge, indicating that the failed battery is in the range of about 9V Although there is a large amount of energy accumulated, it is far below the lower limit of the normal working voltage, which is meaningless to the normal operation of the battery. Deep discharge of the battery can effectively release the energy of this low-voltage platform, and repairing the battery by charging after deep discharge will make the battery repair effect better.

The applicant also found through research that the discharge characteristic data is of great significance for determining the amount of repair charge required in the battery repair process. The cluster particle image of the active material of the micro-battery, the polar arrangement height is consistent when the capacity is normal, and the scale distribution, cluster spacing and polar arrangement of the cluster particles are chaotic when the capacity is large and attenuated, which requires the addition of effective additives On the premise of injecting enough energy to activate at one time, otherwise it will form a "memory" and make the battery capacity unable to restore the design value. Therefore, determining the repair charge amount based on the discharge characteristic data is an effective technical method to restore the normal capacity of the battery.

For some batteries that are not suitable for deep discharge at the current stage, such as conventional lithium batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries, the depth of discharge should be controlled. From the technical principle, as long as the electrode material of any battery does not decompose or phase change due to low discharge voltage, deep discharge during the repair process will help release the energy of the low-voltage platform, and the repair effect will be better.

Based on the above findings, the battery repair method described includes:

Step 1), fully charge the storage battery to be repaired in a constant-voltage and current-limiting manner, and then let it stand for a period of time. In this embodiment, the stand-by time is greater than 10 minutes.

The purpose of the pre-charging described in this step is to prevent the storage battery to be repaired from being placed for too long and affect the accuracy of discharge data collection, and to improve the technical effect of the subsequent steps.

Step 2), set the intensity of I _e and the end voltage V ₀ to detect the discharge, and obtain the electromotive force E before discharge, the time T ₀ of discharge to the end voltage V ₀ , the average discharge voltage value V ₀₁ at T ₀ time, and the discharge to The real-time voltage value V ₁ when running T ₁ without load after V ₀ . The average voltage value V ₀₁ is during the discharge process. The charging/discharging control device 7 samples the real-time voltage value _of the storage battery (the sampling time depends on the accuracy requirements) and stores it temporarily. Calculated by the built-in average counter in database 1.

Discharge with I _e intensity described in this step, its purpose is to collect discharge characteristic data, and I _e intensity discharge is preferred but not necessary, and described V ₀ and _T Values are the same, I _e intensity, V ₀ and The transformation of the value of _T1 only affects the judgment range of the value of the discharge data and the corresponding expression of the relationship between the charging value.

Step 3), according to V ₀₁ , time T ₀ , and real-time voltage value V ₁ obtained in step 2), determine the repairing charging capacity C required for repairing and charging the storage battery to be repaired; among them, the repairing charging capacity C (Ah) = ﹢m﹢n（1 _－ T ₀ /T _{nominal rating} ）﹞C _nominal ; among them, m=1.1～1.3, n=1.0～3.2; The ambient temperature is related, and the value trend is inversely proportional to the ambient temperature; the value range of n is determined by the values of V ₀₁ and V ₁ . Lead-acid batteries include the following situations:

i. When the V ₀₁ of the battery to be repaired is ≤1.98V/cell, the value of n is 2.5~3.5: Among them, when V ₁ <2.0V/cell, the value of n is 2.9~3.5, when V ₁ ≥2.0V/cell The value of n is 2.5~2.8;

ii. When the V ₀₁ of the battery to be repaired is >2.02V/cell, the value of n is 1.0~1.8: Among them, when V ₁ ≥2.05V/cell, the value of n is 1.0~1.3, when V ₁ <2.05V/cell The value of n is 1.3~1.8;

iii. When the above two typical states are not manifested, n takes the value of 1.8 to 2.5.

In this step, the expression of the repaired charging capacity C reflects the relationship between the failure state of the battery and _the repaired charging capacity. On the basis of 1.3C _nominal power, it is necessary to continue to supplement [n(1-T ₀ /T _{nominal rating} )]C _nominal power. The smaller T ₀ is, the greater the charging capacity required for battery repair.

The amount of repair charge calculated in this step is related to the effect of battery repair. If the repair charge is too small, the battery to be repaired cannot be activated. If the repair charge is too large, the battery is easily damaged, especially due to long-term overcharging. The active material of the plate severely softens the failed battery, so an appropriate value of n is very important.

The method of charging with constant current and constant quantity described in this step (without limiting the charging voltage) is not suitable for batteries that are overcharged and explode beyond the limit voltage (such as conventional lithium batteries and conventional nickel-metal hydride batteries manufactured by ordinary technology, etc.). The storage battery should use the standard constant voltage current-limited charging method. For example, a conventional lithium battery can be charged at 4.2V with a current-limited 0.15C/A. When the charging current naturally drops to less than 0.01C/A, it is considered fully charged. Although the capacity of this type of battery can be restored to a certain extent through special charging and discharging, the repair effect is far less significant than that of lead-acid batteries due to insufficient research and development of supporting repair material technology and the limitation of charging and discharging methods at this stage.

Step 4), according to the data obtained in step 2) and the data of the repaired charging capacity C obtained in step 3), charge in stages to realize the repair of the battery.

As a preferred implementation, after step 2) and before step 4), it also includes:

Step a), according to the data obtained in step 2), determine the failure mode of the battery to be repaired, add repair materials to the battery to be repaired according to different failure modes, and supplement electrolyte for the battery.

As mentioned before, there are two main failure modes of lead-acid batteries, namely the crystallization of lead sulfate on the plate and the softening of the active material on the plate. The applicant found through experiments that when the battery to be repaired meets two or three of the three characteristics of E<2.15V/single cell, V ₀₁ ≤1.98V/single cell, and V ₁ <2.00V/single cell, The failure mode is mainly lead sulfate crystallization salinization on the plate, and it is preferable to add repair materials that resist lead sulfate crystallization on the plate; when the battery to be repaired meets E>2.23V/cell, V ₀₁ >2.02V/cell, V ₁ When two or three of the three characteristics of >2.05V/single cell, the failure mode is mainly the softening of the active material of the plate, and it is preferable to add repair materials that inhibit the softening of the active material of the plate; Usually, two failure modes coexist, and anti-sulfurization materials can be added first to control the lead sulfate crystallization and salinization of the plate through charging, and then the crystal-fixing material can be added to control the softening of the active material of the plate through charging.

For other types of storage batteries, there are few public documents on the research of repair materials in the industry. An important technical reason is: under the commercial background of encouraging rapid consumption, ordinary commodity lithium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, etc. are customarily designed as completely sealed structures. Discard after use, product design and consumption concepts need to be changed, so the application of repair materials is a new research field for ordinary lithium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, etc. With the design of high-power lithium iron phosphate batteries for power, it is safe and explosion-proof like lead-acid batteries. With the emergence of valve technology, lithium iron phosphate batteries may also use safety explosion-proof valve holes and repair special materials like lead batteries, and the same is true for other types of batteries.

The specific implementation process of each step in the storage battery repair method will be described below.

As shown in Figure 3, the discharge process of the battery to be repaired in step 2) specifically includes:

Step 2-1), when the battery is discharged to V ₀ at the rated current intensity I _e , record the discharge time T ₀ , and then execute the next step; if E≤V ₀ , the battery cannot be discharged, or the battery is instantaneous (for example, within 1 second) After the electricity is discharged, there is no practical significance in accurately recording the value of the discharge time. In both cases, record T ₀ =0, and then proceed to the next step.

Step 2-2), during the discharge process of step 2-1, the real-time voltage value is continuously sampled (the sampling interval depends on the accuracy requirements) and temporarily stored, and the average value of real-time voltage sampling is calculated by the control device 7 after discharging to V ₀ And temporarily save, and then execute the next step.

Step 2-3), when the battery to be repaired _is discharged to V ₀ , the discharge is suspended, and the real-time voltage value V ₁ rebounded during the no-load operation T ₁ of the battery is recorded, and then the discharge operation at this stage is ended.

In this step, the _T1 time is related to the discharge time rate of the storage battery, which has been explained in the previous description and will not be repeated here.

For lead-acid batteries with serious lead sulfate crystallization salinization or active material softening on the plate, only discharging to V ₀ at _Ie intensity generally cannot achieve the purpose of basically emptying the plate and making the deep active material fully contact the repair additive. Therefore, as In a preferred embodiment, after said step 2-3), it also includes:

Step 2-4), deeply discharge the battery to be repaired to V ₂ , then decrease the intensity of the discharge current in stages, and continue deep discharge to V ₂ , V ₂ ≤80%V ₀ /cell.

In this embodiment, the V ₂ is less than or equal to 80% V ₀ /cell. In other embodiments, the value of V ₂ can also be determined according to the size and category of the storage battery to be repaired, for example, select V ₂ is 30% V ₀ / single cell.

As shown in Figure 4, in this embodiment, the current intensity decreasing rule for deep discharge of the storage battery to be repaired is set as I=M ^K I _e , where M represents the decreasing coefficient, and the positive integer K represents the decreasing order. In this embodiment Preferably 0.618. The discharge current intensity at the initial stage of the deep discharge of the battery is I _e , and when the discharge voltage reaches V ₂ , the current intensity begins to decrease in the first order, K is 1, and the discharge current intensity drops to 0.618I _e , because the current decreases to discharge the load When the discharge voltage of the battery reaches V ₂ again, the discharge current intensity begins to decrease in the second stage. At this time, K becomes 2, and the discharge current intensity drops to 0.618 ² I _e = 0.382I _e ... in order By analogy, until the battery is deeply discharged to V ₂ at the set low current intensity, try to achieve deep discharge of more than 3 stages if time permits. In other embodiments, the discharge current intensity of the deep discharge can also be reduced step by step in other ways, such as the method of 1/2I _e equal-divided decrease, that is, continuous use of 1/2I _e , 1/4I _e , 1/8I _e ... deep discharge to V ₂ respectively. The current intensity when the final deep discharge reaches _V2 is generally preferably _{≤0.05Cnominal} /A.

As mentioned above, for the conventional lithium batteries and conventional nickel-hydrogen batteries manufactured by the existing common technology, it is not suitable to carry out deep discharge with the termination voltage much lower than V ₀ during the repair process (to avoid the electrode material being easily decomposed or related to each other due to the low discharge voltage). change), however, the technical solution of limiting the discharge voltage V ₀ and decreasing the discharge current intensity step by step and "discharging first" is still very meaningful for this type of battery capacity restoration. For example, manufacturers are used to misleading consumers that lithium batteries have no memory effect. If they are charged and discharged from half to full charge during long-term use, with few or no regular discharges, lithium batteries will also have memory effects. Therefore, the repair process of lithium batteries However, the method of decreasing the discharge current intensity in steps should still be adopted to completely discharge the battery and then recharge it, so as to obtain a better capacity restoration effect.

Referring to Fig. 5, the charging process of the lead-acid battery to be repaired in the step 4) specifically includes:

Step 4-1), according to the V ₀₁ and V ₁ values of the battery to be repaired combined with the detection of the electromotive force E before discharge, select the initial charging current intensity, for E<V ₀ , V ₀₁ =V ₀ or V ₁ >2.10V/unit For batteries to be repaired, use ≤0.06C/A for initial charging, initially charge for 0.5 to 4 hours or charge until the voltage at both ends of the battery is ≥2.0V/cell, and then change to step 4-2); Repair the battery and proceed to step 4-2) charging directly;

There is usually another extreme case of lead battery plate lead sulfate crystal salinization, the electromotive force E is normal or high, but the time value T ₀ of discharge to V ₀ is very small, often T ₀ <1%T _{nominal rating} or even < 1S, and the rebound V ₁ value accompanied by discharge to V ₀ is very high, often > 2.05V/cell or even approaching the electromotive force E before discharge. For such lead-acid batteries, it is preferred to use them in step 4-1). ≤0.06C/A for initial charging.

Step 4-2), charge the storage battery to be repaired with a current of 0.08~0.25C/A until it is charged to 70~95% of the C/Ah charging capacity jointly determined by the discharge data T ₀ , V ₀₁ , and V ₁ , and then change Step 4-3); The charging in this step can be carried out in stages, which includes two or more stages, and sleep is set between different stages, the charging current is less than or equal to 0.03C/A small current charging and Shallow discharge;

Step 4-3), charge the battery to be repaired with a small current of 0.03-0.06C/A until it is charged with 100% C/Ah, so that the battery returns to the standard capacity.

In step 4-2), the step-by-step charging can adopt a conventional step-by-step current reduction method known in the industry, that is, a step-by-step constant-current charge of decreasing type, including the use of positive/negative pulse currents. When the battery is charged close to the full state, the internal resistance will increase, and the power receiving capacity will decrease. The excess electric energy will be converted into heat and accumulate inside the battery. When the internal heat accumulation is too high, the battery will be damaged. The amount of charging required for battery repair is relatively large, and it is more prone to heat than conventional battery charging. In step 4-2), change small current charging at intervals or suspend charging for a certain period of time (for example, 0.2~1h), especially set a certain method of shallow discharge ( Release part of the electric energy of the battery), which has a significant effect on eliminating the bubbles generated inside the battery, weakening the polarization concentration of the electrolyte around the internal plate, and improving the charging efficiency of the next stage.

When shallow discharge is set in the mid-term of battery repair and charging, the remaining charge should be deducted from the discharged electricity accordingly; generally speaking, for batteries without discharge memory in the conventional technical sense (such as lead batteries), _when the residual capacity is less than 70%C The repair effect of setting several shallow discharges in the middle of charging will be better. It should be noted that the previously described I _e discharge before the battery repair charging and the shallow discharge set in the middle of the repair charging described here are two completely different operating stages. The former aims to discharge I _e to V ₀ Obtain the required data related to the charging procedure.

The repairing and charging method of the present invention can make most of the storage batteries reach the original design capacity, but some storage batteries are difficult to charge to the original design capacity at one time, for example, some lead storage batteries that have been placed for too long and the active material of the plate has softened are not suitable for repairing for the first time. Excessive charging (the crystallization and reorganization of the active material of the plate after softening is a gradual process, which corresponds to the amount of charging that has been jointly determined by the T ₀ , V ₀₁ and V ₁ discharge data of the battery to be repaired previously. automatically controlled in the setting relationship), in this case, after implementing the battery restoration and charging method of the present invention, some conventional phase-by-stage constant current methods can be assisted to carry out the second charge, for example, supplementing 1.4-1.8 phase-by-stage constant current C _Nominal charging capacity. When the present invention is implemented, it is also possible to increase the function of automatic/man-machine dialogue to restart the discharge inspection capacity after the storage battery is repaired according to actual needs, preferably by constant current _Ie discharge to the discharge time inspection repair capacity of V ₀ , to improve the present invention practical value of implementation.

The remote control system and repair method thereof of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Example 1

In one embodiment, remote repair is to be implemented for 6DZM12 lead storage batteries used in electric bicycles. The database 1 and the system control device 4 are set in the system management center, the discharge device 2 and the charging device 3 are set in the battery repair site, and the data is remotely interactively docked through the Internet.

This embodiment includes a database 1, a charging and discharging control device 7, a discharging device 2, and a charging device 3; wherein the charging device 3 and the discharging device 2 are respectively connected to the positive and negative ends of the external storage battery 6 to be repaired, and the charging device 3 and the discharging device are connected to each other. The device 2 is also connected to the charge and discharge control device 7 respectively, and the control device 7 is connected to the database 1 through the data line 5 and the system control device 4; 6 to perform a discharge operation, and return corresponding data to the charging and discharging device 7 .

According to the conditions marked by 6DZM12 (12V12Ah, 2h discharge rate, standard discharge current intensity is 6A, standard discharge termination voltage is 10.50V), the data set by system control device 4/charge and discharge control device 7 for discharge device 2 is V ₀ =10.50V, V ₂ =3.0V, the discharge and data collection process realized by the discharge device 2 includes: discharge the battery at 6A to 10.50V, read the discharge time value T ₀ , and sample every minute during the discharge process A real-time voltage value, temporarily store the sampling data and calculate the average value of the discharge voltage V ₀₁ when the discharge reaches 10.50V and stop; sleep for 70 seconds when the discharge reaches 10.50V, and read the rebound voltage value V of the 71st second when the battery is no-load ₁ .

After the discharge process is over, the system control device 4, based on the data fed back by the discharge device 2 to discharge the battery 6 to be repaired with a rated current of 6A to 10.50V, obtains that the _T0 value is 56.6 minutes, the _V01 value is 12.23V, and discharges to 10.50V. The rebound voltage value _V1 of the 71st second with no load on V is 11.89V, and it is determined that the main failure mode is the crystallization of lead sulfate on the plate; the system control device 4 notifies the charging/discharging control device 7 to suspend operation through remote control, and will The main failure mode determined by the battery is displayed, so that the operator can preferably add an anti-sulfur material and mix it with dilute sulfuric acid with a density of 1.20 and add it to the inside of the battery. Then restart in a man-machine dialogue mode, so that the system control device 4 controls the discharge device 2 through the charge and discharge control device 7 to continuously deep discharge to 3.0V in stages with a current of 6A, 3A, 1.5A, and 0.75A; after the deep discharge is completed, the control After 15 minutes of dormancy, start the charging device 3 and enter the charging program.

The system control device 4 automatically sets m (1.1-1.3) in _the database 1 to take the median value of 1.2, and n (2.8-3.2) also takes the median value of 3.0 according to the above-mentioned T ₀ , V ₀₁ , and V 1 data. For comparison with the data, the repaired charging capacity of the battery delivered by the charge and discharge control device 7 is: C (Ah) = [m﹢n (1-T ₀ /T _{nominal rating} ) ﹞ C _nominal = [1.2﹢ 3.0 (1-56.6/120) ﹞C _nominal =2.785C _nominal =2.785×12Ah=33.42Ah. And because the rebound voltage value _V1 at the 71st second of no-load is 11.89V, there is no need to set the initial low current charging, the system control device 4 automatically selects the conventional 3-step charging data stored in the database 1 for the charge and discharge control device 7: 2.0A charging 8h, 1.2A charging for 10h, and 0.6A charging for 9h, the repaired charging capacity is 33.4Ah, and it takes a total of 27h; at the 16th minute after the 6DZM12 battery completes deep discharge, the charging device 3 implements the The reconditioning charge of the battery. Accompanying drawing 6 marks the restoration charging I/T curve of this embodiment.

After the 6DZM12 battery of this embodiment is deeply discharged and charged for 33.4Ah by the conventional three-step current decreasing method, the first discharge capacity can reach the technical expected effect of more than 10Ah, and generally the nominal capacity can be reached after the second charge.

Example 2

In another embodiment, the 6DZM12 special storage battery described in Embodiment 1 is also remotely repaired. This embodiment is the same as Embodiment 1 before the charging stage, but in the process of charging and repairing, the optimized battery stored in database 1 is automatically selected. charging method. Specifically, at 16 minutes after the 6DZM12 battery completes the deep discharge, the system control device 4 selects the optimized level 5-step "quasi-two charge and one discharge" charging method stored in the database 1, and the data related to the charging method includes: 2.0A charging 6h, 1.2A charging for 8h, 1.2A discharging for 2h, 1.2A charging for 8h, and 0.6A charging for 8h. The total repair remaining charge is 33.6Ah, which takes 32h. Accompanying drawing 7 is the recovery charging I/T curve related to this embodiment, after using the 5-step "quasi-two charge and one discharge" method to charge the battery 6 with 33.6Ah of electricity, the 6A discharge capacity can generally reach the nominal 12Ah at one time technical expectations.

On the basis of Embodiment 1, this embodiment also adds the function of automatic discharge and inspection capacity after the battery is repaired. The charging and discharging control device 7 controls the charging device 3 to continue to control the discharging device 2 to discharge at a constant current of 6A after the charging procedure ends for 1 hour. To 10.50V, the record shows the discharge time, so that the battery repair capacity can be seen at a glance.

Example 3

In view of the need to increase the charging capacity of the storage battery in winter in northern regions, in another embodiment, when repairing the storage battery described in Embodiment 1, it is necessary to strengthen the charging capacity for repairing. When repairing the battery, the deep discharge process remains unchanged, but when charging, the parameter m set for calculating the charging capacity is 1.3, and the repairing charging capacity of the 6DZM12 battery during intensive charging in winter in the northern region is: C ( Ah)=﹝m﹢n(1－T ₀ /T _{nominal rating} )﹞C _nominal ＝﹝1.3﹢3.0(1－56.6/120)﹞C _nominal ＝2.885C _nominal , for charging equipment 3 delivery C = 2.9C _nominal (Ah) = 2.886 x 12Ah = 34.63Ah charging capacity repair method.

In the 16th minute after the 6DZM12 battery completes the deep discharge, the system control device 4 automatically selects the eight-stage "quasi three charge and two discharge" charging method stored in the database 1 for the charging device 3. The relevant data are: 2.0A charging 6h, 1.2 A charge for 8h, 1.2A discharge for 2h, 1.2A charge for 6h, intermittent (sleep) 0.5h, 1.2A discharge for 1h, 1.2A charge for 4h, and 0.6A charge for 8h. The total repair remaining charge is 34.8Ah, and the repair takes 35.5h. Accompanying drawing 8 is the restoration charging I/T curve related to this embodiment. In this embodiment, by changing the value of m to 1.3, the repair charging capacity is strengthened, and it is suitable for repair charging in winter in the northern region (the charging capacity of the battery decreases as the temperature drops), and the eight-stage "quasi-two charging and one discharging" method adopted is for the battery 6 After the remaining 35.40Ah is charged, the 6A discharge capacity can generally reach the technical expected effect of the nominal 12Ah at one time.

Example 4

Realize remote repair for 3D180 lead-acid batteries commonly used in low-speed electric tricycles and four-wheelers. The database 1 and the system control device 4 are set in the system management center, the discharge device 2 and the charging device 3 are set in the battery repair site, and the data is remotely interactively docked through the Internet.

According to the conditions marked by 3D180 (6V180Ah, 5h discharge rate, standard discharge current intensity is 36A, standard discharge termination voltage is 5.25V), the data set by system control device 4/charge and discharge control device 7 for discharge device 2 is V ₀ =5.25V, V ₂ =1.2V, the discharge and data acquisition process realized by the discharge device 2 includes: discharge the battery to be repaired at 36A to 5.25V, read the discharge time value T ₀ , during the discharge process In the process, the real-time voltage value is sampled every 2 minutes, the sampled data is temporarily stored and the average value V ₀₁ of the discharge voltage is calculated when the discharge reaches 5.25V; after the discharge device 2 sleeps for 5 minutes, the charge and discharge control device 7 continues to read The rebound voltage value V ₁ of the 301st second of no-load battery;

After the discharge process is over, the system control device 4 obtains that the electromotive force (open circuit voltage value) E of the battery before discharge is 6.82V, T The value of ₀ is 91 minutes, the value of V ₀₁ is 6.31V, and the value of V ₁ is 6.21V. It is fed back to the system control device 4 through the Internet, and compared with the data stored in database 1, it is determined that the main failure mode is severe softening of the active material of the plate; the system The control device 4 notifies the charging/discharging control device 7 to suspend operation through remote control, and displays the main failure mode determined by the battery, so that the operator can add the polar plate crystal-bonding material and dilute sulfuric acid with a density of 1.08 to the inside of the battery, adding Measure to the upper part of the electrode group inside the battery to see the normal liquid level. Then restart in a man-machine dialogue mode, the charge and discharge control device 7 controls the discharge device 2 to continuously discharge to 1.2V in stages at the current intensity of 22A, 14A, 8.5A, and 5A respectively; after the deep discharge is completed, the charge and discharge control device 7 sleeps for 20 Start the charging device 3 after minutes to enter the charging program.

The system control device 4 automatically sets m (1.1~1.3) to take the median value of 1.2 and n (1.0~1.3) to take the median value of 1.15 according to the V ₀₁ and V ₁ data fed back from the above 36A discharge to 5.25V, and store them in the database 1 Compared with the data, the repaired charging capacity of the 3D180 battery delivered by the charge and discharge control device 7 is: C (Ah) = [m﹢n (1-T ₀ /T _{nominal rating} ) ﹞ C _nominal = [1.2﹢ 1.15 (1-91/300) ﹞C _nominal =2.00C _nominal =2.00×180Ah=360Ah. Because E is 6.82V, it is preferable to set the initial low current charging. The system control device 4 automatically selects the conventional 3-step charging data stored in the database 1 for the charging and discharging control device 7: 9A charging for 3 hours, 18A charging for 12 hours, and 9A charging for 13 hours. The restoration charging capacity is 360Ah, which takes a total of 28 hours; 21 minutes after the deep discharge of the 3D180 battery is completed, the charging device 3 implements the restoration charging of the battery according to the charging command of the charging and discharging control device 7 . Accompanying drawing 9 marks the restoration charge I/T curve relevant to this embodiment.

Example 5

The method of the present invention is also applicable to large-capacity lead storage batteries used in communication station. In another embodiment, the large-capacity 2V500Ah storage battery common in communication stations is remotely repaired. The database 1 and the system control device 4 are set up in the system management center, the discharge device 2 and the charging device 3 are set up in the battery repair site, and data remote interactive docking is carried out through the local area network.

According to the conditions of the communication station UPS battery industry, the standard discharge rate of this type of battery is 10h, the standard discharge current intensity of a 500Ah battery is 50A, and the conventional discharge termination voltage is 1.80V. The data set for the discharge device 2 is V ₀ = 1.80V, V ₂ =0.50V.

During the discharge process, the discharge device 2 discharges the battery 6 at 50A to 1.80V according to the procedure, and returns the discharge time _T0 value to the charge and discharge control device 4; during the discharge process, the control device 4 samples the real-time voltage every 3 minutes value, temporarily store the sampling data and when the discharge reaches 1.80V and stop, the calculated discharge average voltage value V ₀₁ is returned to the system control device 4; then, the discharge device 2 sleeps for 10 minutes, and the control device 4 continues to read the battery 6 empty Real-time voltage value V ₁ of load rebound.

The system control device 4 obtains V ₀₁ =V ₀ based on the data fed back by the discharge device 2 to discharge the storage battery 6 at a rated current of 50A to 1.80V, the value of the discharge time T ₀ <1S (record T ₀ =0), and sleep for 10 minutes The no-load rebound voltage value V ₁ is 2.09V. Based on this, it is determined that the main failure mode is the complete crystallization and salinization of lead sulfate on the plate; the system control device 4 notifies the charging/discharging control device 7 to suspend operation through remote control, so that the operator can add anti-sulfurization The material is mixed with dilute sulfuric acid with a density of 1.15 and added to the inside of the battery, and the amount added is until the upper part of the electrode group inside the battery meets the liquid surface. Then restart in a man-machine dialogue mode, so that the system control device 4 controls the discharge device 2 to continuously discharge to 0.50V with the current intensity of 50A, 30A, and 10A respectively through the charge and discharge control device 7; after the deep discharge is completed, the charge and discharge control device 7 sleeps After 30 minutes, start the charging device 3 and enter the charging program.

The system control device 4 is based on the V ₀₁ and V ₁ data fed back from 50A discharged to 1.80V, the parameter m is automatically set to 1.3, and the n is automatically set to the upper limit of 3.2. By comparing with the data stored in the database 1, the charge and discharge control The repaired charging capacity of the battery delivered by equipment 7 is: C (Ah) = [m﹢n (1-T ₀ /T _{nominal rating} ) ﹞ C _nominal = [1.3﹢3.2 (1-0/600) ﹞ C _Nominal = 4.5C _Nominal = 4.5 x 500Ah = 2250Ah. Because V ₀₁ = V ₀ , T ₀ < 1S, start charging with low current automatically, and select ten-stage 8 charge 2 discharge repair methods related data and instructions from database 1: 25A charge for 2h, 100A charge for 6h, 50A charge for 6h , 50A discharge for 1h, 100A charge for 4h, intermittent (sleep) 0.5h, 100A charge for 2h, 50A charge for 8h, 50A discharge for 2h, 50A charge for 5h, 25A charge for 8h, a total of 2250Ah of remaining charge for repair, repair time 44.5h, charge The discharge control device 7 controls the charging device 3 to implement repair charging on the storage battery according to the program instruction at the 31st minute after the battery completes the deep discharge program. The I/T curve of the restoration charging capacity 2250Ah related to this embodiment is marked in FIG. 10 .

In this embodiment, after charging 2250Ah electricity according to the procedure, 50A discharge can achieve the technical expected effect of the nominal capacity; for some chargers in use, the constant voltage value is too high, the ambient temperature varies greatly in four seasons, and the charger does not configure charging. For batteries with constant voltage and temperature compensation, the failure mode may be accompanied by severe softening of the plates. In this case, you should continue to add special additives that can cure the plate lattice, and repeat the detection discharge and deep discharge described in this example. And corresponding to the process of quantitative charging, so that the battery can better maintain the repaired capacity.

Example 6

The charging and discharging method of the present invention is also applicable to lithium ion batteries. In this embodiment, a large-capacity 2V120Ah lithium iron phosphate battery pack module for electric vehicles is remotely repaired. The database 1 and the system control device 4 are set up in the system management center, the discharge device 2 and the charging device 3 are set up in the battery repair site, and data remote interactive docking is carried out through the local area network.

The general electromotive force of lithium iron phosphate battery is 3.6V, the manufacturer's general nominal voltage is 3.2-3.3V, the electric vehicle lithium battery industry standard 3h discharge rate, the 120Ah battery standard discharge current intensity is 40A, and the conventional discharge termination voltage _V0 is 2.75-2.90 V. In this embodiment, the data set for the discharge device 2 are V ₀ =2.90V, V ₂ =2.50V. During the discharge process, the discharge device 2 continuously discharges the lithium iron phosphate battery to 2.50V at current intensities of 40A, 20A, 10A, and 5A according to the program, and recharges after sleeping for 15 minutes.

Although the lithium iron phosphate battery manufactured by conventional technology is not easy to explode when overcharged beyond the limit voltage, it is only compared to other types of lithium-ion batteries. The lithium battery is charged with a constant voltage of 4.2V and a current-limited 18A. When the charging current naturally drops to less than 1.2A or the charging time reaches 24 hours under the condition of constant voltage limitation, it is considered fully charged. In this embodiment, the repair charging amount and repair time are determined by the internal state of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and are automatically selected according to the internal charged state. In FIG. 11, the V/T curve of the repair charging related to this embodiment is marked.

The above is the description of the storage battery repair method of the present invention. The above method can not only be used for the repair of a single storage battery, but also can be used for repairing a storage battery group composed of a plurality of storage batteries. When repairing the storage battery pack, as a preferred implementation method, during the discharge operation, each battery in the storage battery pack is discharged to the same standard, and then many batteries with the same performance as T ₀ and V ₁ after deep discharge are connected in series into one Group charging, which has great advantages in the consistency control of repair quality, product matching, and improvement of repair efficiency.

Ordinary professionals who have a little in-depth understanding of the lead-acid battery manufacturing process are not difficult to implement the contents of the present invention by analogy on the basis of the technical solutions described in the present invention. The technical scheme of the present invention is not only applicable to electric bicycles and electric car battery repairs, but also applicable to UPS accumulators of communication station stations, wind energy and solar energy storage accumulators and other types of accumulators _; The discharge characteristic data T ₀ , V ₀₁ and V ₁ correspond to the designed characteristic charging quantitative method, the basic technical solution for battery repair and deep discharge, and the technical deformation implementation derived from the solution of the present invention, all of which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

The device and method of the present invention can not only be used for repairing lead-acid batteries, but also for various types of batteries such as lithium batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries. The principle of the method is not limited to lead-acid batteries. The electromotive force E , time T ₀ from discharge to end voltage V ₀ , average discharge voltage value V ₀₁ at time T ₀ , real-time voltage value V ₁ during no-load operation T ₁ after discharge to V ₀ , etc., can be based on different types of The concept of battery translation is used, but the values of different types of batteries are different.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent replacements to the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A battery repair system capable of remote control, characterized in that it includes a database (1), system control equipment (4), charge and discharge control equipment (7), discharge equipment (2) and charging equipment (3); Wherein, the charging device (3) and the discharging device (2) are externally connected to the positive and negative terminals of the storage battery (6) to be repaired, and internally connected to the charging and discharging control device (7). The charging and discharging control device (7) is connected to the system control device (4) through the communication network (5), and the system control device (4) is connected to the database (1); The discharge device (2) discharges the storage battery (6) according to the instructions issued by the charge and discharge control device (7), and returns corresponding data to the charge and discharge device (7); the The data include: the time value T ₀ fed back when the storage battery (6) is discharged to the end voltage V ₀ of the standard standard with the rated current I _e of the standard, the average discharge voltage value V ₀₁ at the time T ₀ and the pause when discharging to V ₀ The real-time voltage value V ₁ fed back by discharge time T ₁ ; wherein, the value of T ₁ is 0.5 to 5% of T _{nominal rating} ; The charging device (3) performs a charging operation on the storage battery (6) according to an instruction issued by the charging and discharging control device (7), and the charging operation includes charging the storage battery (6) with a specified amount of electricity ; The charge and discharge control device (7) transmits the instructions issued by the system control device (4) to the discharge device (2) or the charge device (3), and returns the discharge device (2) transmission of data to said system control device (4); The system control device (4) reads the difference between the repair charge C stored in the database (1) and the T ₀ , V ₀₁ , V ₁ according to the fed back values of T ₀ , V ₀₁ , and V ₁ . According to the corresponding relationship, select the repairing method, read the command corresponding to the selected repairing method from the database (1) and send it to the charging device through the charge and discharge control device (7) (3); Wherein, the corresponding relationship between the repaired charging capacity C and the T ₀ , V ₀₁ , and V ₁ is C=﹝m﹢n(1－T ₀ /T _{nominal rating} )﹞C _nominal ; Among them, m=1.1～1.3; n=1.0～3.5, and its value range is determined by the value of V ₀₁ and V ₁ ; The above-mentioned I _e , V ₀ , T _{nominal rating} and C _nominal are known values stipulated by national technical standards. 2. The battery repair system capable of remote control according to claim 1, characterized in that the database (1) and the system control device (4) form a remote control terminal, and the charge and discharge control device (7 ), the discharge device (2) and the charging device (3) form a local repair terminal, and the remote control terminal can control at least one local repair terminal. 3. The battery repair system capable of remote control according to claim 1, characterized in that: the communication network is the Internet or a local area network. 4. A battery repair method implemented on the battery repair system capable of realizing remote control according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising: Step 1), fully charge the battery to be repaired by means of constant voltage and current limiting, and then let it stand still for more than 10 minutes; Step 2), set the intensity of I _e and the end voltage V ₀ to detect the discharge, and obtain the electromotive force E before discharge, the time T ₀ of discharge to the end voltage V ₀ , the average discharge voltage value V ₀₁ at T ₀ time, and the discharge to The real-time voltage value V ₁ rebounded at T ₁ time after no-load operation after V ₀ ; Step 3), according to the data obtained in step 2), determine the repair charging capacity C required for repair charging of the storage battery to be repaired; Step 4), according to the data obtained in step 2) and the data of the repaired charging capacity C obtained in step 3), charge in stages to realize the repair of the battery. 5. The battery repair method according to claim 4, characterized in that, after step 2) and before step 4), step a) is further included: determining the battery to be repaired according to the data obtained in step 2). Failure mode, add repair materials to the battery according to different failure modes, and replenish electrolyte for the battery. 6. The battery repair method according to claim 4, characterized in that, in the step a), the said repair materials are added to the battery to be repaired according to different failure modes, including for lead-acid batteries: Step a-1), when the battery to be repaired meets two or three of the three characteristics of E<2.15V/single cell, V ₀₁ ≤1.98V/single cell, and V ₁ <2.00V/single cell, execute Step a-2); when the battery to be repaired meets two or three of the three characteristics of E>2.23V/single cell, V ₀₁ >2.02V/single cell, V ₁ >2.05V/single cell, execute Step a-3); if it is not the performance of the above two states, execute step a-4); Step a-2), adding a repairing material to the battery to be repaired to resist crystallization of lead sulfate on the plate, and then ending the operation of this step; Step a-3), add a repair material to the battery to be repaired to inhibit the softening of the active material of the plate, and then end the operation of this step; Step a-4), first add anti-sulfur material to the battery to be repaired, control the lead sulfate crystal salinization of the plate through charging, and then add the crystal-fixing material to control the softening of the active material of the plate through charging. 7. The storage battery repair method according to claim 4, characterized in that, said step 2) includes: Step 2-1), discharge the battery to be repaired to V ₀ at the rated current intensity I _e , and record the discharge time T ₀ ; if E<V ₀ , record the discharge time value T ₀ =0; Step 2-2), during the process of discharging the battery with the current _Ie to _V0 , continuously sample the real-time voltage value of the battery at _T0 discharge time, calculate the sampling average value _V01 according to the sampling result and store the record; Step 2-3), when the battery to be repaired is discharged to V ₀ with the current intensity of I _e , it is no-loaded for T ₁ time, and the real-time voltage value V ₁ rebounded at this time is recorded; Step 2-4), deeply discharge the storage battery to be repaired to V ₂ , then gradually decrease the intensity of the discharge current and continue deep discharge to V ₂ , V ₂ ≤ 80% V ₀ /cell; wherein, the discharge current The step-by-step reduction of intensity includes: the current intensity of I _e is reduced by 1/2 equal parts, or reduced in any form, and the order of reduction is set to be more than 1 order. 8. The storage battery repair method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: the corresponding relationship between the repair charging capacity C (Ah) in the step 3) and the T ₀ and V ₁ is C=＝ m﹢n (1－T ₀ /T _{nominal rating} )﹞C _nominal ; where m=1.1～1.3, n=1.0～3.5, the value range of n depends on the battery type combined with the value range of V ₀₁ and V ₁ Depends; for lead batteries include: i. When the V ₀₁ of the battery to be repaired is ≤1.98V/cell, the value of n is 2.5~3.2: Among them, when V ₁ <2.0V/cell, the value of n is 2.9~3.5, when V ₁ ≥2.0V/cell The value of n is 2.5~2.8; ii. When the V ₀₁ of the battery to be repaired is >2.02V/cell, the value of n is 1.0~1.8: Among them, when V ₁ ≥2.05V/cell, the value of n is 1.0~1.3, when V ₁ <2.05V/cell The value of n is 1.3~1.8; iii. When the above two typical states are not manifested, n takes the value of 1.8 to 2.5. 9. The storage battery repair method according to claim 4, characterized in that, said step 4) includes for lead storage batteries: Step 4-1), according to the V ₀₁ and V ₁ values of the battery to be repaired combined with the detection of the electromotive force E before discharge, select the initial charging current intensity. For E<V ₀ , V ₀₁ ﹦V ₀ or V ₁ >2.10V/ For batteries to be repaired, use ≤0.06C/A for initial charging, initially charge for 0.5 to 4 hours or charge until the voltage at both ends of the battery is ≥2.0V/cell, and then change to step 4-2); Repair the battery and proceed to step 4-2) charging directly; Step 4-2), charge the battery to be repaired with a current of 0.08~0.2C/A until it is charged to 70~95% of the C/Ah charge determined by the discharge data T ₀ , V ₀₁ , and V ₁ , and then change Step 4-3); charging in this step is divided into two or more stages, and sleep, charging current less than or equal to 0.03C/A small current charging and shallow discharge are set between different stages; Step 4-3), charge the battery to be repaired with a small current of 0.03-0.06C/A until it is charged with 100% C/Ah, so that the battery returns to the standard capacity. 10. The storage battery repair method according to claim 9, characterized in that the shallow discharge is set once or more during the charging process, the current intensity of the shallow discharge is ≤ I _e , and the discharge power is ≤ 0.5C/Ah; when the shallow discharge is set When the negative charge is added back in the later stage of charging, the repair remaining charge determined by C=﹢n(T _{nominal rating} -T ₀ )/T _{nominal rating} ﹞C _nominal is not Change.

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