CN103557005B - Anti-dazzle principle based design method for traffic engineering facilities at road tunnel exit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a design method for road tunnel exit traffic engineering facilities based on the principle of anti-glare. Anti-glare facilities for the tunnel exit are installed in front of the tunnel exit to alleviate the severe brightness transition caused by insufficient lighting lamps at the tunnel exit. Colored smearing materials with gradually decreasing reflection coefficients are set on the road surface from high to low to ease the brightness transition and beam divergence at the exit of the tunnel, and raise the glare area to reduce the glare area below the driver's line of sight, thereby increasing the visual adaptation time; Set horizontal markings on the road surface, lane keeping lines on the road surface, set vertical markings on the side walls on the side walls, and double-layer delineation marks on the side walls to form a closed intermediate frequency retroreflective information flow; and set high-frequency red and white markings on the edge of the maintenance road The reflective protruding road signs on the line and roadside form a high-frequency visual information flow, increase the driver's instantaneous speed perception, improve the driver's sense of speed and distance, and realize the coordination and unity of tunnel lighting energy saving and tunnel traffic safety.

Description

Design method of traffic engineering facilities at highway tunnel exit based on anti-glare principle

technical field

The invention relates to a design method for traffic engineering facilities at highway tunnel exits based on the principle of anti-glare. By constructing a multi-color and multi-frequency stereoscopic visual information system for the tunnel ceiling, side walls, and road surface space, the coordination and unity of lighting energy saving and traffic safety at the tunnel exit can be achieved. .

Background technique

The lighting level at the exit of highway tunnels in the central and western regions is insufficient, and the brightness transition between inside and outside the tunnel is severe, which is prone to glare, making it difficult for drivers to find obstacles in front of them in time, and causing traffic accidents. With the rapid development of my country's expressways, especially in the central and western regions, there has been a big contradiction between tunnel lighting energy saving and operational safety. In order to reduce lighting costs, highway tunnels in central and western China generally adopt the method of reducing the tunnel lighting rate, that is, reducing the tunnel lighting level. Insufficient lighting level at highway tunnel exits causes drastic transition of tunnel exit brightness, and there is a huge brightness difference in the driver's field of vision at the same time. The glare caused by this brightness difference has a negative impact on the driver's physiology and psychology. Physiologically, glare is likely to cause poor vision such as decreased vision of the driver, increased visual adaptation time, weakened visual three-dimensionality, and reduced field of vision (drivers habitually avoid glare areas), making it difficult for drivers to find obstacles in time; psychologically In terms of glare, the driver's nervousness will increase, making it difficult to drive normally, and the speed and accuracy of driving operations will be greatly affected, leading to traffic accidents.

Tunnel interior decoration can improve tunnel lighting. The tunnel is a special semi-enclosed structure, which is mainly composed of a ceiling, side walls, and road surfaces, and the tunnel lighting level is greatly affected by these three. Yang Tao (2009) and Shi Lingna (2012) researched on the light reflectivity of the tunnel side wall and pointed out that suitable tunnel inner wall materials can improve the tunnel lighting level and reduce energy consumption. At the same time, given that the reflectivity of black asphalt concrete pavement is lower than that of cement pavement, black asphalt concrete pavement can better help drivers find road obstacles.

The vehicle speed control method based on the optical flow rate is applied. Optical flow rate is considered to be an important visual factor affecting speed perception. The optical flow rate is the relative speed at which points in space pass through the field of view when a person is moving. Scholars at home and abroad use the optical flow rate to "unconsciously" use speed control in traffic to improve the speed perception of the highway environment. University, 2008) obtained through psychophysical experiments that when the light flux rate is less than 2Hz or greater than 32Hz, the driver will underestimate the speed, and when the light flow rate is 4Hz-16Hz, the experimenter will overestimate the speed. The flow rate is overestimated at 12Hz by more than 30%.

Retroreflective materials and technologies have become increasingly mature. In recent years, the application of retroreflective materials such as reflective film, reflective sheet, and reflective paint has become more and more widespread, and the cost has become lower and lower, which has laid a solid foundation for the adoption of "retroreflective lighting" inside the tunnel. The biggest feature of retro-reflective technology is to make full use of the light of vehicle headlights. Through the surface structure of retro-reflective materials, it is perceived by the driver, thereby improving the driver's safe sight distance, optimizing the visual effect of traffic facilities along the road, and allowing drivers to get more More time and more enhanced feelings to judge road conditions and obtain guidance information in order to take timely and correct safety measures. It uses physical means to mobilize people's subjective initiative and improve driving safety. It is a low-cost road safety solution that is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

The low illumination and narrow space in the middle of the tunnel make the driver feel oppressed, which makes the driver eager to escape from the tunnel, thus inducing overspeeding; meanwhile, the danger of reduced visual function of the driver at the exit of the tunnel is often underestimated by the driver. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to set up a good retroreflective lighting transition system based on the overall design of the visual guidance system on the premise of ensuring traffic safety and benefits, using the tunnel side walls, maintenance roads and other spaces.

When the tunnel lighting rate is low, the brightness transition at the tunnel exit is severe, and at the same time, there is a large brightness difference in the driver's field of vision, which is very prone to glare. The level of traffic safety at tunnel exits has a lot to do with glare, and the intensity of glare is mainly affected by the strength of the light source, the size of the surface area of the light source, the background brightness of the light source, the relative position of the light source and the line of sight, the distribution of the divergence of the light beam in the field of view, the eye Adaptability to the environment and other factors, so how to reduce the glare in the driver's field of vision, especially how to avoid large-area glare below the driver's line of sight height (not higher than 1.8m), and ease the brightness transition of the tunnel exit is the key to solving the glare at the tunnel exit technical problem.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that in the case of a low tunnel lighting rate, the brightness transition of the tunnel exit is severe, and at the same time, there is a large brightness difference in the driver's field of vision, which is very prone to glare. The intensity of glare is mainly affected by factors such as the strength of the light source, the size of the surface area of the light source, the background brightness of the light source, the relative position of the light source and the line of sight, the distribution of the divergence of the light beam in the field of view, and the adaptability of the eyes to the environment. Therefore, how to reduce the glare in the driver's field of vision, especially how to avoid large-area glare below the driver's line of sight height (not higher than 1.8m), and ease the brightness transition of the tunnel exit is the key technical problem to solve the glare at the tunnel exit.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A design method for road tunnel exit traffic engineering facilities based on the anti-glare principle, the tunnel ceiling is provided with lighting fixtures (12); it is characterized in that by setting tunnel exit anti-glare facilities in front of the tunnel exit, the lack of lighting fixtures (12) at the tunnel exit is alleviated The resulting brightness transition is severe, and the specific method is as follows: install colored smearing materials with gradually decreasing reflection coefficients on the tunnel ceiling, side walls, and road surfaces from high to low to ease the tunnel exit brightness transition and beam divergence, and raise the glare area to reduce The glare area below the driver's line of sight can increase the visual adaptation time, increase the visual recognition of obstacles ahead, and reduce the interference of tunnel exit glare on the driver's visual recognition; line (10), the vertical marking line (3) on the side wall, and the double-layer delineation mark (11) on the side wall together constitute a closed medium-frequency retroreflection information flow; and high-frequency red and white markings are set on the edge of the maintenance road The lines (4) and roadside reflective protruding road signs (2) together constitute a high-frequency visual information flow, increase the driver's instantaneous speed perception, and enhance the driver's sense of speed and distance.

In the method of the present invention, the tunnel exit anti-glare facilities are set up 60 m before the tunnel exit, forming black asphalt concrete pavement (9) with reflection coefficient gradually increasing from small to large, dark gray paint (5) on the lower part of the side wall, side wall Light gray paint (6) for the middle part, white paint (7) for the upper part of the side wall, and light blue paint (8) for the tunnel roof.

In the method of the present invention, the reflection coefficient of the black asphalt concrete pavement (9) is less than 0.15; the reflection coefficient of the dark gray paint (5) at the bottom of the side wall is 0.3～0.5, and the lower boundary of the dark gray paint (5) at the bottom of the side wall is The boundary of the maintenance road; the reflection coefficient of the light gray paint (6) in the middle of the side wall is 0.5-0.7; the reflection coefficient of the white paint (7) on the upper side wall is 0.7-0.9; the reflection coefficient of the light blue paint (8) on the tunnel ceiling is 0.8～0.9.

In the method of the present invention, the dark gray paint (5) on the lower part of the side wall, the light gray paint (6) on the middle part of the side wall, the white paint (7) on the top of the side wall, and the light blue paint (8) on the tunnel ceiling are divided into three steps. The boundaries are all Boltzmann-shaped extensions, and gradually rise from the inside to the outside of the tunnel, which helps to further ease the brightness transition of the tunnel exit, reminds the driver of the location of the tunnel exit, induces the driver's line of sight, and warns to slow down.

In the method of the present invention, the vertical markings on the side wall (3) and the horizontal markings on the road surface (1) are red in the middle along the driving direction, and white on both sides, and the width of the red is twice the width of the white. , to distinguish it from the background of the side wall and the background of the road surface, so that the driver can find the marking line accurately in time, increase the driver's sense of distance and direction, and improve the safety of tunnel traffic.

In the method of the present invention, the frequency of the high-frequency visual information stream composed of roadside reflective raised road signs (2) and maintenance road edge red and white marking lines (4) is about 8-12 Hz.

In the method of the present invention, the frequency of the medium-frequency visual information flow that the road surface horizontal marking (1), the side wall vertical marking (3), the lane keeping line (10), the side wall double-layer delineation mark (11) constitutes is about 0.2～0.5Hz.

In the method of the present invention, all-weather reflective markings are used for road surface transverse markings (1) and road surface lane keeping lines (10); diamond grade reflective film is used for roadside reflective raised road markings (2) and side wall double-layer contour markings (11) ; The vertical marking line (3) of the side wall and the red and white marking line (4) of the maintenance road adopt hot-melt type marking line; the dark gray paint (5) on the lower part of the side wall, the light gray paint (6) Top white paint (7), tunnel ceiling light blue paint (8) adopt fireproof, easy to clean, high waterproof performance paint.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

Set up coating materials with gradually decreasing reflection coefficients on the tunnel ceiling, side walls, and road surfaces from high to low to ease the brightness transition and beam divergence at the exit of the tunnel, and raise the glare area to reduce the glare area below the driver's line of sight, thereby increasing vision Adaptation time, increase the visual recognition of obstacles ahead, and reduce the interference of tunnel exit glare on the driver's visual recognition. At the same time, set horizontal marking lines on the road surface, lane keeping lines and vertical marking lines on the side walls, and double-layer outline markings, which together form an intermediate frequency retroreflective information flow; set high-frequency red and white marking lines and roadside reflections on the edge of the maintenance road Protruding road signs together form a high-frequency visual information flow, increase the driver's instantaneous speed perception, and enhance the driver's sense of speed and distance. The method sets reflective materials according to the anti-glare principle, and at the same time supplements retroreflective multi-frequency information, which can realize the coordination and unification of tunnel lighting energy saving and tunnel traffic safety.

The specific advantages are as follows:

1) The multi-color anti-glare visual system with different reflection coefficients built on the side wall, ceiling and road surface of the highway tunnel exit helps to ease the brightness transition of the tunnel exit (miniature model experiments show that the brightness transition length will increase by 10% to 25%) , increase the visual adaptation time, reduce the glare area below the driver's line of sight (about 20% to 30%), reduce the beam divergence (20% to 40%), increase the visual recognition of the rear of the vehicle in front, and reduce the impact of glare on driving. The interference of the driver's visual recognition can be improved, the driver's visual characteristics can be improved, driving fatigue can be relieved, and the coordination and unification of tunnel lighting energy saving and tunnel traffic safety can be realized.

2) The Boltzmann curve set by this method helps to further ease the brightness transition of the tunnel exit, reminds the driver of the location of the tunnel exit, induces the driver's sight, and warns the driver to slow down.

3) The red and white intermediate-frequency markings on the road surface and roadside set by this method can enable the driver to find the markings in time and accurately, increase the driver's sense of vehicle distance and direction, and improve tunnel traffic safety.

4) This method sets horizontal markings on the road surface, lane keeping lines and vertical markings on the side walls, and contour marks, which together form a closed medium-frequency retroreflective information flow; high-frequency red and white facades are set on the tunnel maintenance road Marking lines and roadside reflective protruding road signs together constitute a high-frequency retroreflective visual information flow, increase the driver's instantaneous speed perception, and improve the driver's sense of speed (simulation experiments show that the speed illusion will drop from about 30% before improvement to after improvement. 10%), sense of direction.

5) This method adopts low-cost marking lines and multi-color and multi-frequency visual systems with different reflection coefficients at tunnel exits, does not involve large-scale road infrastructure, has low investment, easy construction, and quick results. Ensuring traffic safety at tunnel exits provides new ideas and methods.

6) This method comprehensively considers the multi-color visual information that eases the brightness transition of the tunnel exit and reduces the glare area below the driver's line of sight, and takes retroreflective multi-frequency information that improves the driver's sense of speed, distance, and direction as the main consideration. Auxiliary, jointly reducing the glare effect and comprehensively improving the safety of tunnel exits is a typical human factor engineering improvement method. This method has high engineering feasibility and is easy for drivers to understand and accept.

Description of drawings

Figure 1: Schematic diagram of current glare distribution and reasonable glare distribution

Figure 2: Schematic diagram of current brightness transition and reasonable brightness transition

Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the relationship between perceived speed and physical speed under different optical flow rates

Fig. 4: according to the cross-sectional view of tunnel exit traffic safety facilities designed according to the method of the present invention

Fig. 5: according to the tunnel exit traffic safety facility plan view that the method of the present invention designs

Fig. 6: according to the side view of tunnel exit traffic safety facility design according to the method of the present invention

The corresponding reference signs in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

1-horizontal markings on the road surface; 2-reflective raised road markings on the side of the road; 3-vertical markings on the side walls; 4-red and white marking lines on the edge of the maintenance road; 5-dark gray paint on the lower part of the side walls; 6-light in the middle of the side walls Gray paint; 7-white paint on the upper part of the side wall; 8-light blue paint on the tunnel roof; 9-black asphalt concrete pavement;

Detailed ways

In order to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The design method of highway tunnel exit traffic engineering facilities based on the principle of anti-glare is characterized in that: the improvement method uses the tunnel ceiling, side walls, and road surfaces to construct a multi-color visual system that gradually decreases from high to low reflection coefficients, so as to ease the tunnel Exit brightness transition, reduce beam divergence, raise the glare area, reduce the glare area below the driver's line of sight, thereby increasing the visual adaptation time, increasing the visual recognition of obstacles in front (mainly the rear of the front car), and reducing the impact of glare on the driver visual interference. Set horizontal markings on the road surface, lane keeping lines, vertical markings on the side walls, and double-layer contour markings to form an intermediate frequency retroreflective information flow; set high-frequency red and white facade marking lines and roadside reflections on the edge of the tunnel maintenance road The protruding road signs together form a high-frequency retroreflective visual information flow, which increases the driver's instantaneous speed perception and improves the driver's sense of speed and direction. Finally, the unity of energy saving and driving safety of tunnel exit lighting can be achieved.

In the method of the present invention, the anti-glare facilities with different reflectivity are mainly dark gray paint 5 for the lower part of the side wall, 6 light gray paint for the middle part of the side wall, 7 white paint for the upper part of the side wall, 8 light blue paint for the tunnel ceiling, and black asphalt. Concrete pavement9. The anti-glare area of the side wall is set from the tunnel exit 60m away from the opening. The upper limit of the spraying boundary of dark gray paint 5 on the lower part of the side wall is 60cm from the road surface. It is a Boltzmann curve with a horizontal length of 60m at the end point, and the lower limit of spraying is the boundary of the maintenance road; the upper limit of the spraying boundary of light gray paint 6 in the middle of the side wall starts from the height of the driver's line of sight at a height of 1.8m from the road surface, and is the horizontal length of the end point at a height of 3m from the road surface The Boltzmann curve shape of 60m, the lower limit of spraying is the upper limit of the spraying of dark gray paint 5 on the lower part of the side wall; the upper limit of spraying boundary of white paint 7 on the upper side of the side wall is the starting point at a height of 3m from the road surface, and the horizontal length of the end point at a height of 4.2m from the road surface is 60m Boltzmann curve, the lower limit of spraying is the upper limit of the spraying of gray paint 6 on the side wall; the upper limit of spraying boundary of light blue paint 8 on the tunnel ceiling is the top of the tunnel, and the lower limit of spraying is the upper limit of spraying of white paint 7 on the side wall; black asphalt Concrete pavement 9 is paved in a 60m area in the tunnel. The three dividing lines between the dark gray paint 5 on the lower part of the side wall, the light gray paint 6 on the middle part of the side wall, the white paint 7 on the upper side wall, and the light blue paint 8 on the tunnel ceiling all extend in the shape of a Boltzmann curve, and extend from the inside of the tunnel to the tunnel In addition, the gradual elevation helps to further ease the brightness transition of the tunnel exit, reminds the driver of the location of the tunnel exit, induces the driver's sight, and warns to slow down. Anti-glare facilities with different reflectivity can ease the brightness transition of the tunnel exit, reduce the beam divergence, raise the glare area, and reduce the glare area below the driver's line of sight, thereby increasing the visual adaptation time, increasing the visual recognition of the rear of the vehicle in front, and reducing glare Interference with the driver's vision.

In the method of the present invention, the intermediate frequency information for improving the overall visual perception level mainly includes road surface horizontal markings 1, side wall vertical markings 3, and side wall double-layer contour markings 11, with a frequency of about 0.2-0.5 Hz. The pavement is provided with 3 intermediate-frequency dotted-line transverse markings 1 with a distance of 25m (as shown in Figure 5), where the middle of each marking is red and the two sides are white (in Figure 5, the color of the background paper is white (the actual construction The color of the middle background paper surface should be black road surface), in order to distinguish the white on both sides of the red in the middle, display the white as black), the width of the white dotted line should be 25cm, the width of the red dotted line should be 50cm, the length of the blank section of the dotted line should be 50cm, and the road surface On both sides of the horizontal marking line 1 on the road surface, two white folded lines are respectively arranged to form the distance between vehicles on the road surface 10; on the side wall, three vertical intermediate frequency solid line-shaped side wall vertical marking lines 3 are arranged, all extending from the maintenance road to the top of the cave , and set the vertical marking line 3 of each side wall as red and white, that is, the middle of the marking line is red, and the two sides are white. The width of the white solid line should be 25cm, and the width of the red solid line should be 50cm; The delineator 11 is provided with two layers from top to bottom, with a distance of 60-100 cm, wherein the bottom layer is 60 cm from the ground. The setting of the intermediate frequency information flow can increase the driver's sense of distance and direction.

In the method of the present invention, the high-frequency information for improving the speed perception level mainly includes roadside reflective raised road signs 2 and maintenance road edge red and white marking lines 4, aimed at poorly illuminated roads with a design speed of 60-80 km/h At the tunnel exit, the spatial frequency is 8-12Hz, and the spacing should be 2.78m. The height of the maintenance road edge is 25-35cm and the elevation red and white marking line does not exceed the height of the maintenance road, and the plane red and white marking with a width of 15cm on the top of the curb At the same time, protruding road signs are set outside the edge line of the road surface in the tunnel section, which is set at the same frequency as the facade marking line. The setting of high-frequency sensitive information flow can provide instantaneous speed perception, increase the driver's visual psychological response, and ensure that the driver's perceived speed is slightly greater than the physical speed during vehicle operation.

In the method of the present invention, the road surface transverse marking 1 and the road surface lane keeping line 10 adopt all-weather reflective marking lines; the roadside reflective protruding road marking 2 and the side wall double-layer contour marking 11 adopt diamond grade reflective film; the side wall vertical marking line 3 , The red and white marking line 4 on the edge of the maintenance road adopts hot-melt marking lines; the dark gray paint on the lower part of the side wall 5, the light gray paint on the middle part of the side wall 6, the white paint on the upper part of the side wall 7, and the light blue paint on the tunnel ceiling 8 adopt fireproof, Easy-to-clean, high-water-repellent paint.

The principle that the present invention is based on is as follows:

Reasonable selection of tunnel roof, side walls, and pavement coating materials can ease the brightness transition of the tunnel exit, reduce the beam divergence, raise the glare area, reduce the glare area below the driver's line of sight, increase the visual adaptation time, and increase the visibility of the rear of the vehicle in front. Recognition, reduce the interference of glare on the driver's visual recognition, and ensure the safety of tunnel operation.

The present invention selects the black asphalt concrete pavement 9 (reflection coefficient lower than 0.15) of the tunnel exit section, the dark gray paint 5 (reflection coefficient 0.3-0.5) of the lower side wall, the light gray paint 6 (reflection coefficient 0.5-0.7) of the side wall middle part, the side wall White paint 7 on the wall (reflection coefficient 0.7-0.9) and light blue paint 8 (reflection coefficient above 0.8) on the ceiling of the tunnel constitute an anti-glare facility at the tunnel exit whose reflection coefficient gradually increases from small to large, reducing beam divergence and reducing glare. The area is raised to reduce the glare area below the driver's line of sight (not higher than 1.8m) (see Figure 1), increase the visibility of vehicles in front, and ease the brightness transition of the tunnel exit (see Figure 2). To increase the visual adaptation time and reduce the impact on the driver's vision.

Under the action of spatial frequency 8-12Hz, the perceived speed is significantly greater than the physical speed, up to more than 30%, while under the condition of intermediate frequency (0.2-0.5Hz), the perceived speed is lower than the physical speed. In the driving environment, the ideal perceived speed should be slightly larger than the physical speed (less than 10% or 5%). Therefore, it is necessary to combine high-frequency and intermediate-frequency information to achieve coordination between the perceived speed and the physical speed, and to achieve speed control Long-acting mechanism (see Figure 3). The present invention aims at laying out roadside reflective protruding road signs 2, maintenance road edge red and white marking lines 4, road surface horizontal marking lines 1, side wall vertical marking lines 3, lane keeping lines 10, and side wall double-layer contour markings for road tunnel exits. 11 together form high-frequency, medium-frequency combined visual information.

The multi-color and multi-frequency visual space setting can comprehensively alleviate the sharp transition of brightness during the exit of the tunnel, reduce the impact of glare on the driver, and improve the driver's sense of speed, direction and distance when exiting the tunnel, thereby guiding safety, Correct driving behavior will eventually realize the coordination of tunnel exit lighting energy saving and operational safety. The invention is suitable for the highway tunnel exit with poor lighting level and designed vehicle speed of 60-80 km/h.

Specific steps are as follows:

1) Decontaminate and degrease the side walls and ceiling of the tunnel. Spray a small amount of water on the tunnel wall before construction, and use spraying equipment for spraying construction. The thickness of the first spraying should not exceed 2-3mm. After drying, carry out the next spraying, and the thickness of each spraying is about 2-3mm;

2) After checking and confirming that the lower sealing layer has no quality problems before construction, pave asphalt concrete, perform initial pressure, re-pressure, and final pressure on the asphalt concrete, and finally perform joint treatment;

3) Clean the side wall and road surface at the exit of the tunnel, and paint the vertical marking line on the side wall (red and white), the contour mark on the side wall, the horizontal marking line on the road surface (red and white), the lane keeping line, and the maintenance road edge marking line (red and white). White and white) and roadside raised road signs.

Precautions:

1) This method is suitable for highway tunnel exits where the speed limit is 60-80km/h and is prone to glare. It is a beneficial supplement to the existing lighting system. Therefore, it is required to install a lighting system in the tunnel, and the operating lighting cannot be completely closure;

2) In this method, the decoration of the side wall and ceiling of the highway tunnel should pay attention to maintenance and maintenance, and the tunnel decoration materials should be cleaned in due course;

3) In this method, the black asphalt concrete pavement should pay attention to the flatness, cracks and settlement, and timely clean up the road surface water and oil accumulation;

4) In this method, the retroreflective materials of the road tunnel should be maintained and maintained. When the reflective coefficient of the delineator drops to more than 70% of the design value, the reflective film should be replaced.

The above disclosures are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and equivalent changes made according to the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1., based on the highway tunnel outlet traffic engineering facilities method for designing of anti-dazzle principle, tunnel ceiling is provided with lighting (12); It is characterized in that; By arranging tunnel exit glare screen before going out tunnel exit, the luminance transition that mitigation tunnel exit causes due to lighting (12) deficiency is violent, concrete grammar is as follows: arrange coloured that reflectance factor reduces gradually on tunnel ceiling, side wall, road surface from high to low and smear material, to relax tunnel exit luminance transition and luminous exitance, and raise glare area, reduce below pilot's line of vision height dazzle area, thus increase the visual adaptation time, increase to preceding object thing depending on recognizing, reduce tunnel exit dazzle to the interference of driver depending on recognizing; Arrange road surface horizontal marking (1), track, road surface retention wire (10) simultaneously on road surface, arrange the vertical graticule of side wall (3), the double-deck delineator (11) of side wall at side wall, four form closed intermediate frequency reflex reflection information flow jointly; And arrange mark line red and white (4) and the trackside light reflecting projecting road sign (2) of high frequency in maintaining roadway curb, common formation high frequency visual information flow, increases driver's instantaneous velocity consciousness, promotes driver's speed sense, distance perspective.

2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the highway tunnel outlet traffic engineering facilities method for designing of anti-dazzle principle, it is characterized in that: before going out tunnel exit, 60m starts to arrange tunnel exit glare screen, formed reflectance factor ascending raise gradually dark asphalt rigid pavement (9), side wall lower dark look coating (5), light grey coating (6), side wall top whitewash (7), the light blue coating of tunnel ceiling (8) in the middle part of side wall.

3., as claimed in claim 2 based on the highway tunnel outlet traffic engineering facilities method for designing of anti-dazzle principle, it is characterized in that: the reflectance factor of dark asphalt rigid pavement (9) is less than 0.15; The reflectance factor of side wall lower dark look coating (5) is 0.3 ~ 0.5, and the lower boundary of side wall lower dark look coating (5) is maintaining roadway border; In the middle part of side wall, the reflectance factor of light grey coating (6) is 0.5 ~ 0.7; The reflectance factor on side wall top whitewash (7) is 0.7 ~ 0.9; The reflectance factor of the light blue coating of tunnel ceiling (8) is 0.8 ~ 0.9.

4. as claimed in claim 2 based on the highway tunnel outlet traffic engineering facilities method for designing of anti-dazzle principle, it is characterized in that: three lines of demarcation, road in the middle part of side wall lower dark look coating (5), side wall between light grey coating (6), side wall top whitewash (7), the light blue coating of tunnel ceiling (8) are Boltzmann shape and extend, and raise gradually to tunnel from tunnel, contribute to relaxing tunnel exit luminance transition further, prompting driver's tunnel exit position, induction pilot's line of vision, and warn slow down.

5. as claimed in claim 3 based on the highway tunnel outlet traffic engineering facilities method for designing of anti-dazzle principle, it is characterized in that: three lines of demarcation, road in the middle part of side wall lower dark look coating (5), side wall between light grey coating (6), side wall top whitewash (7), the light blue coating of tunnel ceiling (8) are Boltzmann shape and extend, and raise gradually to tunnel from tunnel, contribute to relaxing tunnel exit luminance transition further, prompting driver's tunnel exit position, induction pilot's line of vision, and warn slow down.

6. the outlet of the highway tunnel based on the anti-dazzle principle traffic engineering facilities method for designing as described in one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: the vertical graticule of side wall (3) and these two kinds of intermediate frequency graticules of road surface horizontal marking (1) are all middle along direction of traffic is redness, both sides are white, and red width is white width 2 times, to distinguish mutually with side wall background, road surface background, make driver promptly and accurately find graticule, increase spacing sense and the sense of direction of driver, improve tunnel traffic safety.

7. the outlet of the highway tunnel based on the anti-dazzle principle traffic engineering facilities method for designing as described in one of claim 1-5, is characterized in that: the frequency of the high frequency visual information flow that trackside light reflecting projecting road sign (2), maintaining roadway curb mark line red and white (4) are formed is 8 ~ 12Hz.

8. the outlet of the highway tunnel based on the anti-dazzle principle traffic engineering facilities method for designing as described in one of claim 1-5, is characterized in that: the frequency of the intermediate frequency visual information stream that the double-deck delineator (11) of road surface horizontal marking (1), the vertical graticule of side wall (3), track retention wire (10), side wall is formed is 0.2 ~ 0.5Hz.

9. the outlet of the highway tunnel based on the anti-dazzle principle traffic engineering facilities method for designing as described in one of claim 2-5, is characterized in that: road surface horizontal marking (1), track, road surface retention wire (10) adopt all-weather reflective marking; The double-deck delineator (11) of trackside light reflecting projecting road sign (2), side wall adopts Diamond Grade reflective film; The vertical graticule of side wall (3), maintaining roadway mark line red and white (4) adopt hot melt type gage mark; Light grey coating (6) in the middle part of side side wall lower dark look coating (5), side wall, side wall top whitewash (7), the light blue coating of tunnel ceiling (8) adopt fire prevention, easy cleaning, coating that water resistance is high.