CN103537998A - Preparation method of grinding wheel regarding grinding material as basis and containing foaming agent - Google Patents
Preparation method of grinding wheel regarding grinding material as basis and containing foaming agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN103537998A CN103537998A CN201310553041.9A CN201310553041A CN103537998A CN 103537998 A CN103537998 A CN 103537998A CN 201310553041 A CN201310553041 A CN 201310553041A CN 103537998 A CN103537998 A CN 103537998A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a grinding wheel regarding a grinding material as a basis and containing a foaming agent. The preparation method comprises the steps of: mixing the grinding material, the foaming agent and an adhesive and stirring the materials uniformly; paving the mixed material in a mould cavity uniformly; pressing for twice by using an oil press for shaping.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method that abrasive material is basis the emery wheel that contains blowing agent of take, belong to grinding tool field.
Background technology
There is following defect in the various rubbing down grinding tools of current making: close structure, weak heat-dissipating, as resin wheel (oil pressure moulding, dense structure due to).
General resin bond wheel (bonded abrasive tool) is mainly to be formed through mixing, compression molding, heat hardening by abrasive material, resin adhesive, and the use of this class emery wheel exists such as defects such as the heating of the large cutting force of needs, workpiece are serious.
Pore in porous grinding wheel (bonded abrasive tool) be generally in cure process by fill can be at the temperature higher than more than 130 degree the filler (as walnut shell, refined naphthalene etc.) of burn off (being carbonization) burn and form.Thereby but natural fiber also can lose efficacy under this operating mode in carbonization.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly new take abrasive material as basis and the preparation method of the emery wheel that contains blowing agent.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: a kind ofly take the preparation method that abrasive material is basis the emery wheel that contains blowing agent, comprise the steps:
1) abrasive material, blowing agent are mixed with binding agent and stirred;
2) material uniform spreading step 1 being obtained is in die cavity;
3) hydraulic press pressurizes compressing for the first time;
4) release, and baking, the compacting of then pressurizeing for the second time, baking-curing then, comes out of the stove after being slowly down to room temperature, mould unloading.
In the present invention, described abrasive material refers to sharp keen, hard, in order to the material of the softer material surface of grinding.Described abrasive material can be natural abrasive, includes but not limited to natural emery, Naxas emery, garnet and natural diamond etc.; Also can be artificial abrasive material, include but not limited to brown corundum abrasive, white fused alumina abrasive material, single alundum abrasive material, black silicon carbide grain, green silicon carbide abrasive material, cubic silicon carbide abrasive material, cerium silicon carbide abrasive material, boron carbide, diamond and cubic boron nitride etc., and the recovery sand of vitrified abrasive, resin wheel etc. etc.
In the present invention, described blowing agent is sodium acid carbonate.
In the present invention, described bonding agent can be urea aldehyde, melamine resin, epoxy resin or inorganic binder etc., also can be phenolic resin modified, the phenolic aldehyde that comprises the modifications such as urea aldehyde, melamine resin, epoxy, acrylic acid, consumption of binder is raw material total mass ratio 20～50%.
In the present invention, foam hole can produce and be conducive to the space of grinding and from sharp micro-crack and have pooling feature in grinding wheel organization.This emery wheel is formed many hole-closing structures and is disperseed related stress by foaming, on the basis that reduces not significantly structural strength, because foam, to abscess adhesive linkage around, can bring a large amount of micro-cracks, these micro-cracks and bubble are exactly good energy absorption pond when wheel is ground impact force action, thereby have avoided wheel body in grinding, consume too fast and rupture and drop.
After allowing abscess break, form tough mouthful of the grinding that varies in size and distribute at diverse location in grinding, also be that heat dissipation channel is conducive to reduce wheel itself and grinding workpiece surface temperature simultaneously, thereby improve the service life of wheel, improve the utilization rate of material and reduce grinding workpiece surface is caused stress to concentrate possibility by carburizing.
In the present invention, the effect that the foam hole arranging by volume brings is that the volume ratio of abscess is larger, and grinding and polishing efficiency is higher, and the temperature rise on grinding workpiece and emery wheel surface is fewer.
The addition of blowing agent is the 0.01%-10% of abrasive material quality, can be 1.1%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 6%, 8% etc.
In the present invention, pressurization is for the first time toasted 2h at suppressing latter 80 ℃, and pressurization is for the second time toasted 4-6h at suppressing latter 120 ℃.
Emery wheel of the present invention can adopt two kinds of typical surface structures: face grinding wheel and circumference emery wheel.As described in Fig. 1 or 2.Fig. 3 illustrates the microstructure of emery wheel, therefrom can find out that binding agent combines abrasive material securely, and blowing agent forms many not of uniform size, different foam holes.Fig. 4 is the another kind of form microstructure schematic diagram of emery wheel.In the middle of being, difference increased one deck grid sisal hemp cloth 5 as reinforcement.During making face grinding wheel, be simultaneously stained with back of the body lid, while making circumference emery wheel, without the back of the body, cover.In the present invention, back of the body lid can be glass lid, sisal hemp etc.
Further, as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, on the mill working face of emery wheel of the present invention, groove is also set, for face grinding wheel, described groove is mind-set surrounding radiated entends in mill; For circumference abrasive material, described groove is vertically arranged along mill working face.Described groove is more conducive to grinding, moves back bits and heat radiation, reduces surface of the work residual stress, simultaneously for new provides condition from sharp crack growth.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is face grinding wheel schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is circumference emery wheel schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the microstructure schematic diagram of emery wheel of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the microstructure schematic diagram of another kind of emery wheel of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the shaping mould that is heating and curing of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is face grinding wheel stereogram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is face grinding wheel sectional schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the relation of blowing agent addition and grinding ratio in embodiment 1 face grinding wheel sample 1-3, grinding efficiency.
Fig. 9 is the relation of blowing agent addition and exemplar surface roughness in embodiment 1 face grinding wheel sample 1-3.
Figure 10 is the relation of blowing agent addition and grinding ratio in embodiment 1 circumference emery wheel sample 1-3, grinding efficiency.
Figure 11 is the relation of blowing agent addition and exemplar surface roughness in embodiment 1 circumference emery wheel sample 1-3.
Figure 12 is the relation that embodiment 1 circumference emery wheel sample 4-6 blowing agent addition meets or exceeds critical value and grinding ratio, grinding efficiency.
Figure 13 is the relation that embodiment 1 circumference emery wheel sample 4-6 blowing agent addition meets or exceeds critical value exemplar surface roughness.
Figure 14 is the process chart of preparing emery wheel.
Figure 15 is the another kind of process chart of preparing emery wheel.
In figure, 1 for back of the body lid, 2 be polishing disk, 3 for foam hole, 4 for binding agent and blowing agent, 5 for abrasive material, 6 for grid sisal hemp cloth, 7 for abrasive material, binding agent and blowing agent blends, 8 be metal mold cavity mould.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1(explores the relation of blowing agent addition and rubbing down effect)
Illustrate: in this formula, binding agent and abrasive material ratio determines, after doing batten after mixing by different proportion with abrasive material by binding agent and solidifying, the mechanical performance indexs such as testing elastic modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break filter out and determine in a large amount of test datas.
Proportioning:
1 sample production
1, sample production
1.1 batch mixings: in ratio in each style formula in formula 1, take successively natural fiber, (as made the plane polishing wheel of plane polishing, use thin number, make the circumference polishing wheel of circumference polishing and use thick number), under stirring, add blowing agent, guarantee to stir; Finally under stirring, add modification liquid phenolic resin, stir.Have suffered batch mixing process, surely will guarantee that batch mixing evenly (can not occur caking, clustering phenomena).
1.2 compactings are with curing: press shaping density 0.6-0.7g/cm
3, according to done rubbing down wheel volume size, calculate weighing.
Load weighted material is divided uniformly in die cavity and (as made plane polishing wheel, first packed cover into die cavity, then material is spread out in cover uniformly; As make circumference polishing wheel, first by semi-uniform being spread out in die cavity of material, then add sisal hemp or glass fiber reticular cloth, then remaining second half material is spread out on sisal hemp or glass fiber reticular cloth uniformly).After dress mould completes, with hydraulic press, pressurize for the first time compressing.Then release is toasted after 2h at 80 ℃, pressurizes for the second time after compacting, toasts (plane polishing wheel solidifies 4h, and circumference polishing wheel solidifies 6h) after 4-6h at 120 ℃, come out of the stove after being slowly down to room temperature, and mould unloading.
1.3 tests are made style and are: plane polishing wheel: overall diameter is 4 inches (101.6-103mm), and internal diameter is 55mm, and aperture is 16mm, thickness 6-8mm);
Circumference polishing wheel: overall diameter is that 10.6 inches of (270mm) apertures are 32mm, thickness 30mm);
Detect and test data contrast:
1, method of testing explanation: this grinding detects material and is: the plane polishing wheel of plane rubbing down: 45# steel plate (the thick * 10mm of the wide 100mm* of long 200mm*); Circumference polishing wheel: 45# rod iron (long 200mm* diameter * 50mm), (grinding material, rubbing down wheel bear pressure, and rotational line speed (plane polishing wheel: 60m/s, circumference polishing wheel: 40m/s) all identical under identical grinding condition respectively.
2, each index calculating method explanation:
2.1 grinding efficiencies: refer to that the worn amount of material is divided by the grinding time, the g/min of unit.
2.2 grinding ratios: the worn amount of material of exemplar and the ratio of rubbing down foot wheel abrasion amount.
2.3 surface roughnesses: refer to less spacing and small peak valley unevenness that finished surface has, the um of unit.Surface roughness is less, and surface is more smooth.With two-tube light-section microscope, measure.
Total grinding testing time is 30min, and every 10min is one section, and minute three sections of collection data, ask arithmetic mean of instantaneous value.
3, Data Collection
3.1 use formulas 1 are done the 4 inches of face wheel contrasts of face grinding wheel (sample 1, sample 2, sample 3 and conventional same grain 60#(common corundum) for plane rubbing down:
Note: blowing agent mass ratio (with abrasive material comparison) is: sample 1:1% sample 2:2% sample 3:3%.
Table 1
In flat stone mill material samples 1-3, the relation of blowing agent addition and grinding ratio, grinding efficiency as shown in Figure 8; In flat stone mill material samples 1-3, the relation of blowing agent addition and exemplar surface roughness as shown in Figure 9.
3.2 use formulas 1 do circumference emery wheel (sample 1, sample 2, sample 3) for circumference rubbing down with conventional with grain 60#(common corundum) 10.6 inches of thousand pages of wheels contrast:
Table 2
In circumference emery wheel sample 1-3, the relation of blowing agent addition and grinding ratio, grinding efficiency as shown in figure 10; In circumference emery wheel sample 1-3, the relation of blowing agent addition and exemplar surface roughness as shown in figure 11.
3.3 rise to blowing agent mass ratio: sample 4:4% sample 5:6% sample 6:8%, when (in the constant situation of amount of binding agent) exploration blowing agent matter and mass ratio meet or exceed critical value, the rubbing down effect of wheel, this test is made circumference emery wheel by sample 4,5,6, carrys out test comparison.
Table 3
The relation that circumference emery wheel sample 4-6 blowing agent addition meets or exceeds critical value and grinding ratio, grinding efficiency as shown in figure 12; The relation that circumference emery wheel sample 4-6 blowing agent addition meets or exceeds critical value exemplar surface roughness as shown in figure 13.
3.4 face grinding wheel styles 3, circumference emery wheel sample 3 and same specification angle abrasive disc, the contrast of resin wheel grinding index:
Table 4 plane polishing/rubbing down
Table 5 circumference polishing/rubbing down
Test brief summary:
1, by embodiment 1 formula 1) sample testing data analysis obtains:
In same wheel, in the certain situation of abrasive material, along with blowing agent mass ratio improves, the polishing performance of wheel, grinding performance is improved and (but notes: according to 3.3 test datas, find, when blowing agent mass ratio reaches critical value or surpasses critical value, grinding performance is by step-down, and the consumption of blowing agent will and be ground material according to the kind of selected blowing agent, specification the requirement of the polishing performance of wheel, grinding performance is considered); Can regulate by abrasive species and meet the different requirements of material to the polishing performance of wheel, grinding performance that are ground from grain number simultaneously.
2, by embodiment 1 sample testing data, comprehensively analyze with grain number (common corundum) wheel test data and 3.4 test datas with conventional: the face grinding wheel of the plane rubbing down of making by the method, the circumference emery wheel of circumference rubbing down, all improve 20%-30% on polishing performance, grinding performance more than, by adjusting blowing agent addition and with abrasive species and grain number (and the abrasive material in wheel tissue, binding agent, blowing agent are transferred to suitable ratio), all can meeting difference and be ground the requirement of material to the polishing performance of wheel, grinding performance.
Claims (9)
1. take abrasive material as basis and a preparation method for the emery wheel that contains blowing agent, comprise the steps:
1) abrasive material, blowing agent are mixed with binding agent and stirred;
2) material uniform spreading step 1 being obtained is in die cavity;
3) hydraulic press pressurizes compressing for the first time;
4) release, and baking, the compacting of then pressurizeing for the second time, baking-curing then, comes out of the stove after being slowly down to room temperature, mould unloading.
2. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said abrasive material is selected from the recovery sand of natural emery, Naxas emery, garnet, natural diamond, brown corundum abrasive, white fused alumina abrasive material, single alundum abrasive material, black silicon carbide grain, green silicon carbide abrasive material, cubic silicon carbide abrasive material, cerium silicon carbide abrasive material, boron carbide, diamond, cubic boron nitride or vitrified abrasive, resin wheel.
3. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said blowing agent is sodium acid carbonate etc.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, the addition of wherein said blowing agent is the 0.01%-10% of abrasive material quality.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, described emery wheel comprises face grinding wheel and circumference emery wheel.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, described face grinding wheel also comprises that the back of the body that is bonded in mill one side by binding agent covers.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is provided with groove on the working face of described emery wheel.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein toasts 2h at latter 80 ℃ of pressurization compacting for the first time, at latter 120 ℃ of pressurization compacting for the second time, toasts 4-6h.
9. the emery wheel that the preparation method as described in claim 1-8 any one makes.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105437096A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-03-30 | 安帝复合材料股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of foam grinding wheel |
| CN105834923A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-10 | 柳州凯通新材料科技有限公司 | Processing method of bronze-based diamond grinding wheel |
| CN111469063A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-07-31 | 江苏赛扬精工科技有限责任公司 | CBN grinding wheel special for stainless steel flat grinding and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105437096A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-03-30 | 安帝复合材料股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of foam grinding wheel |
| CN105834923A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-10 | 柳州凯通新材料科技有限公司 | Processing method of bronze-based diamond grinding wheel |
| CN111469063A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-07-31 | 江苏赛扬精工科技有限责任公司 | CBN grinding wheel special for stainless steel flat grinding and preparation method thereof |
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