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CN103534604A - 识别和消除预定义区域内的威胁的电子系统 - Google Patents

识别和消除预定义区域内的威胁的电子系统 Download PDF

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CN103534604A
CN103534604A CN201180068227.4A CN201180068227A CN103534604A CN 103534604 A CN103534604 A CN 103534604A CN 201180068227 A CN201180068227 A CN 201180068227A CN 103534604 A CN103534604 A CN 103534604A
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C·A·亚尔代拉
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Oto Melara SpA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
    • F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
    • F41G7/30—Command link guidance systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
    • F41H11/02—Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile or anti-torpedo defence installations or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/14—Indirect aiming means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G5/00—Elevating or traversing control systems for guns
    • F41G5/08—Ground-based tracking-systems for aerial targets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/003—Bistatic radar systems; Multistatic radar systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/46—Indirect determination of position data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
    • G01S13/52—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds
    • G01S13/56—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds for presence detection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
    • G01S13/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/87—Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种通过雷达探测识别和消除预定义区域内的威胁的电子系统，包括至少三个发现雷达(R1，R2，R3)，其安置在彼此间距预定的三角形的顶点，处于被保护的所述区域内，和处理电子单元(CPU)，用于接收每一个所述发现雷达与弹道导弹威胁有关的信息，用于识别源自同样威胁的信息，对于每一个信息，通过三角测量算法，来识别三维位置和速度。

Description

识别和消除预定义区域内的威胁的电子系统
本发明涉及一种识别和消除预定义区域内的威胁的电子系统。特别的，本发明涉及一种设计用于识别如例如迫击炮或类似可以坠入这个预定义区域的弹道导弹的威胁的系统。
为此，已知发现雷达，他们是使用无线电波来探测预定区域内物体的距离，位置和速度的系统。
这些系统的作用原理是在确定的时间间隔，发射器发射无线电频率脉冲，其通过强定向天线在空间发射(至少在与地面平行的平面，所谓方位面)。就在发射之后，同样的天线与非常灵敏的收听反射回波的接收器连接。如果有目标，发射的脉冲被反射回来然后进入天线并由接收器进行处理。通过测量在脉冲发射和回波返回之间经过的时间，发现在多远距离有目标是可能的，假定脉冲传播的速度已知且等于光速。
联合在脉冲发射时刻天线定向和信号回波时间的数据，给出了在雷达探测区内的目标位置；两个连续探测间的差分(或在单一探测中的多普勒位移，在最新模型中)确定了探测到的目标的速度和移动方向。基于空中发现雷达，将同样原理应用于不同的方式(天线垂直移动)，尽管用于导弹引导系统的雷达几乎都是能够从回波的频移中从地面识别出移动目标的多普勒雷达。
申请人认识到使用至少三个在预定位置的发现雷达并关联源自它们的数据，根据三角测量算法可以计算出威胁的位置和高度，威胁的类别和弹道估计。
发现雷达优选被安置在等边三角形的顶点，且由该系统保护的区域是一个类似半球形的区域，其中心对应于三角形中心。
根据本发明的系统的特征和优点在下面的描述中将更明显，举例且非限制性的，提到的所附示意图，其中：
-在图1中，示出了从发现雷达的位置和系统保护区域上方看到的示意图；
-图2示出了根据本发明的系统的框图。
参照上述图，根据本发明的系统包括至少三个位于三角形顶点的发现雷达R1，R2和R3，他们之间的间距预定义，处于免受一个或多个弹道导弹威胁的受保护区域中。优选的，三角形是二等边三角形。可选的，雷达位置可不同，如果雷达本身之间的间距最大化可以增加系统功效。而且，雷达数量可以大于三；事实上，更多数量的雷达可以提高测量准确性和受保护区域的范围。
而且，根据本发明的系统可以探测时下相关数量的威胁，例如多达128个威胁。
每一个雷达执行预定区域A1，A2和A3的探测，且最受保护的区域是三个探测区域的交集。
图2的框图从整体上示出了该系统，其除了包括三个所述的发现雷达外还包括处理电子单元CPU，其分析三个雷达的数据且方便地与三个雷达中的一个连接，连接的那个雷达成为“主”雷达，而剩余两个成为“次”雷达。
此外，如果三个雷达中的一个遭受失败，故障或失灵，该系统自动选择剩余雷达中的一个作为主雷达。
界面单元U作为系统的操作台且与中央处理单元通讯。
每一个发现雷达执行二维探测，产生每一个弹道导弹威胁有关的信息，例如位置数据，例如距离，方位和径向速度。
由每一个雷达产生的信息由处理单元进行处理，其识别源自不同雷达的指向同一威胁那些信息，且其通过三角测量算法处理它们，获得与目标高度有关的信息和在跟踪目标的信息。
根据本发明的系统能探测如上所述的弹道导弹威胁并能确定他们的三维位置和速度，以这样的方法来把这些数据提供给用于武器的控制装置P，通过它指导武器自身的射击并消除威胁。
通过把三个发现雷达安置在彼此间距接近500米的二等边三角形的顶点进行探测并发现在半球区域内的威胁，该半球区域具有差不多等于5km的半径和包括70至80度间的最大高度。每一个发现雷达优选是“脉冲多普勒”类型。

Claims (5)

1.一种通过雷达探测来识别和消除预定义区域内的威胁的电子系统，其特征在于，它包括：
至少三个发现雷达(R1，R2，R3)，被安置在彼此之间预定距离的三角形的顶点，处于被保护的所述区域内，
处理电子单元CPU，用于从每个所述发现雷达接收与弹道导弹威胁有关的信息，并识别来源于同一威胁的信息，对于每一个信息通过三角测量算法识别三维位置和速度，以使把所述数据提供给武器的控制装置(P)，通过所述控制装置(P)指导所述武器自身的射击并且消除威胁。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述三角形是二等边三角形。
3.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述处理单元与所述三个发现雷达中的一个相连，相连接的雷达成为主雷达，而其余两个雷达成为次雷达。
4.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中界面单元(U)作为系统操作台并与所述中央处理单元进行通讯。
5.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中每一个发现雷达执行二维探测，产生每一个弹道导弹威胁的信息，包括距离，方位和径向速度。
CN201180068227.4A 2011-02-21 2011-02-21 识别和消除预定义区域内的威胁的电子系统 Pending CN103534604A (zh)

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BR (1) BR112013020943A2 (zh)
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RU2609525C1 (ru) * 2016-06-28 2017-02-02 Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Военная академия воздушно-космической обороны имени Маршала Советского Союза Г.К. Жукова" Министерства обороны Российской Федерации Способ формирования сигналов и передачи информации в системе радиолокационного опознавания
CN111580083B (zh) * 2020-04-30 2023-10-10 北京荣达千里科技有限公司 基于决策树的飞行目标威胁度识别方法、系统和存储介质

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BR112013020943A2 (pt) 2016-10-11
EP2678708A1 (en) 2014-01-01
SG192857A1 (en) 2013-09-30
US20140104096A1 (en) 2014-04-17
WO2012114139A1 (en) 2012-08-30
RU2013138667A (ru) 2015-03-27
KR20140018242A (ko) 2014-02-12
IL227986A0 (en) 2013-09-30
JP2014510908A (ja) 2014-05-01

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