CN103527687A - Space wedge type electronic control clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

An electronic control clutch comprises two parts of a full contact type self-excitation space wedge-shaped mechanism and a wedging control mechanism, wherein the full contact type self-excitation space wedge-shaped mechanism is used for transmitting the torque, the friction of the full contact type self-excitation space wedge-shaped mechanism is self-adaptive to the transmitted torque, and the wedging control mechanism responds to electric signals. The wedging control mechanism comprises a rotation guide type stepless supporting mechanism and an electric actuating mechanism, wherein the rotation guide type stepless supporting mechanism drives the space wedge-shaped mechanism to wedge or remove a wedge in a trigger mode, the electric actuating mechanism responds to the electric signals and actuates the stepless supporting mechanism through a motivation mechanism, and the electric actuating mechanism comprises a solenoid or an electromotor and is used for providing small impulse type motivation force when the electronic control clutch is converted between the junction working condition and the separation working condition to make the space wedge mechanism wedge or remove the wedge. Compared with the prior art, the electronic control clutch seldom consumes power and is almost free of the corresponding heating value, but the torque capacity is multiplied at least by single digit, the size and the weight are smaller, and the cost is lower.

Description

Spatial-wedging electric control clutch

Related application

The application is the dependent patent application by patent documentation WO2012/089131A1 and the disclosed the applicant's of WO2011/000300A1 basic patent application, and the application requires the preference of the Chinese patent application 201210242218.9 that the applicant proposes.The full content of the disclosure three patent applications is formerly incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

Present invention relates in general to a kind of with frictional connection mode conveying rotary motion or torque in all transmission fields, or prevent this to rotatablely move or the frictional coupling device of torque, comprise clutch and break, and the devices such as clutch motor and brake type motor that includes this connection set, particularly a kind of in response to electrical signal and/or electric flux and the control type clutch and the break that move.

Background technique

Conventionally, the frictional connection device relevant to electrical signal and/or electric flux in prior art, is all to using control type magnetic clutch and the electromagnetic brake of electromagnetic force as engaging force or Separating force.Nature, the engaging force of this frictional connection device and transmission capacity, depend on the size of electromagnetic force completely, namely depends on the size of electric current or electric power completely.And, between friction element wherein, also exist because of the separated halfway problem of remanent magnetism.Therefore, it is less that the product of prior art has transmission capacity, and power consumption is excessive, and heating is serious, and radial dimension is larger, consumes non-ferrous metal too much, and the shortcoming of high cost.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is devoted to the device of design based on brand new technical principle, to avoid above-mentioned shortcoming.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of engage in response to electrical signal and/or electric flux or separated, but the irrelevant spatial-wedging electric control clutch of transmission capacity and electric flux.It is sensitive quick that it has action response, and transmission capacity and transmission efficiency are higher, the advantage that energy consumption and heating value are less.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention's spatial-wedging electric control clutch comprises, around an axis revolution and at least one traction friction mechanism that can axial engagement, it has the intermediate piece that is at least roughly ring-type and the friction member that turns round and be provided with rubbing surface around described axis; For this traction friction mechanism provide engaging force and around above-mentioned axis rotating at least one rotate guide mechanism, it has the guiding element that is at least roughly ring-type and the intermediate piece that turns round and be provided with corresponding guide surface around above-mentioned axis; And, operationally to control the mode that wedge is conciliate wedge that enters of intermediate piece, control electric control clutch Engage and disengage in response to electrical signal, enter wedge control mechanism; When guiding element and friction member can be driven while connecting into a friction piece by intermediate piece, the lift angle λ at the mutual conflict position between guiding element and intermediate piece both sides' guide surface, be greater than zero and be less than or equal to ξ,, 0 < λ≤ξ, wherein, ξ is the maximum value that can make the lift angle λ of the guiding friction pair self-locking that is formed at this conflict position.

It should be noted that, the related notion that present specification is used or the implication of noun are as follows:

Rotate guide mechanism: circumference is relatively rotated to be converted at least comprise and axially relatively moving or the guide mechanism of mobile trend.For example, the slides/rolls formula spiral of lead angle strict conformance and not strict conformance or part screw mechanism, radial peg groove mechanism, end face wedge mechanism, end face embeding mechanism, end ratchet mechanism, and, cylinder/end cam mechanism.

Space wedge mechanism: by rotating guide mechanism and drawing the composite mechanism that friction mechanism forms.

Enter wedge: also claiming wedging, and separate wedge/go wedge contrary, is exactly that intermediate piece 90 can be connected with driving/be combined into working procedure and the state of a friction piece by guiding element 50 and friction member 70.

ζ and ξ: the Important Limit angle of space wedge mechanism, intermediate piece 90 as shown in Figures 1 to 3, logical on the one hand, cross its rubbing surface and for example 104 at least axially conflicts with the traction rubbing surface 72 of friction member 70, one one group of at least comprising that is not orthogonal to the rotary type traction friction mechanism F1 of rotational axis X to form the W that makes a concerted effort of the normal pressure at conflict position draws friction pair; On the other hand, by its guide surface towards a certain circumferencial direction 94a for example, with the corresponding guide surface of guiding element 50 for example 54a at least axially conflict, with form the N that makes a concerted effort of the normal pressure at conflict position be not orthogonal to rotational axis X rotation guide mechanism G at least comprise one group of guiding friction pair of; The common tangent at this conflict position and the mean value hanging down as for the angle of the plane of rotational axis X, be called the lift angle λ at this conflict position; On the one hand, by other surface, also can act on such as other active force for elasticity pretension or spacing object again; In rotating the rotation guiding operating mode of guide mechanism G, namely guiding element 50 cause intermediate piece 90 along arrow P direction in Fig. 3 for example with in the operating mode that is more than or equal to zero speed and rotates relative to friction member 70, the minimum lift angle at conflict position, both sides surface of friction pair self-locking of can guaranteeing to lead is defined as ζ, and maximum lift angle is defined as ξ.These two limiting angles have defined that relative guiding element 50 forwards of intermediate piece 90 are dynamic and static stops motionless and every forms of motion that rotate backward completely.Concrete meaning is as follows:

1, when ξ < λ < 90 spends, guiding friction pair and traction friction pair all can not friction self-lockings, by the normal pressure N of guiding friction pair, or its component Q and T, guiding element 50 can cause intermediate piece 90 relative its forward that is arrow P direction trackslip and extrude.Therefore, guiding element 50 can not be become a friction piece by intermediate piece 90 wedgings with friction member 70.Be because pressure N is derived from non-resilient power, or be derived from elastic force but limit by element structure, just cause intermediate piece 90 only by guiding element 50, being promoted friction member 70 frictions relatively and trackslip and by actual, do not extruded.

2,, when ζ < λ≤ξ and λ > 0, traction friction pair has the characteristic that enters sliding friction state prior to guiding friction pair breakthrough self static friction state/resistance.Therefore, intermediate piece 90 can become a friction piece with friction member 70 wedgings by guiding element 50, but when relative guiding element 50 overload of friction member 70, traction friction pair will normally proceed to sliding friction state because breaking through its static friction state/maximum static friction resistance, and guiding friction pair is not because also breaking through its static friction state/resistance all the time in constant self-locking state.Accordingly, space wedge mechanism is in half wedging state, and free wheel device is in non-complete jointing state.

3,, when 0 < λ≤ζ (for the situation of ζ > 0), guiding friction pair has prior to traction friction pair breaks through self static friction state/resistance and the characteristic that enters sliding friction state.Therefore, intermediate piece 90 can become a friction piece with friction member 70 wedgings by guiding element 50, but when relative guiding element 50 overload of friction member 70, guiding friction pair will cause intermediate piece 90 to have the trend that relative guiding element 50 trackslips and climbs because breaking through its static friction state/maximum static friction resistance, and traction friction pair is not because also breaking through its static friction state/resistance all the time in constant self-locking state.Yet because the above-mentioned trend of climbing is stoped (except non-pressure N is derived from elastic force) by the axial force enclosed construction rigidity of space wedge mechanism, therefore, guiding friction pair is in fact forcibly maintained the general static friction state that is equal to self-locking.That is, intermediate piece 90, guiding element 50 and friction member 70 threes are forced to one of wedging/be combined into and rotate wholely, and the situation that there will not be trackslips mutually climbs, is loaded onto structure and damages unless crossed.Space wedge mechanism thereby the absolute self-locking/wedging state in similar diagonal-bracing type free wheel device, its transmission capacity only depends on structural strength.

From general knowledge, λ equals the situation of ζ, namely draws that friction pair can be broken through static friction state/resistance separately with guiding friction pair simultaneously and the situation that enters sliding friction state is only present in theory and not and is present in reality.That is to say, because of inevitable the trackslipped friction pair that exists all the time one group of not self-locking of self-locking simultaneously, the physical essence of space wedge mechanism transmitting torque can only be friction, rather than the friction self-locking of prior art identification.But limiting angle ζ is not familiar with by prior art theory, can not enlighten, imagine or disclose out by the kinematic relation of the plane wedge mechanism as special case, more can not be derived by its structure.Therefore, before document CN101936346A discloses above-mentioned cognition, do not know that the existence of limiting angle ζ and the prior art of physical meaning just cannot thoroughly be familiar with the actual physical implication of limiting angle ξ that is the angle of wedge, comprise the normality that friction is trackslipped, more can not find, disclose and confirm the physical essence of space wedging, and and then draw the application's the technological scheme based on space wedge mechanism.

Obviously, above-mentioned lift angle λ is exactly the angle of wedge of space wedge mechanism, also claims wedging angle/choke angle, and only when 0 < λ≤ξ, and space wedge mechanism can wedging, and electric control clutch can engage.

The magnetic clutch of relative prior art and break etc., according to electric control clutch of the present invention, because it only has joint or separating action in response to the signal relevant with electricity and/or electric flux, and frictional force/torque is relevant to transmitted torque adaptively, with electric flux wide of the mark, thereby it is sensitive quick to have had action response, and transmission capacity and transmission efficiency are higher, the advantage that energy consumption and heating value are less.By following embodiment's explanation and accompanying drawing, it is more clear and clear that objects and advantages of the present invention will seem.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the schematic, exploded perspective view that spatial-wedging electric control clutch embodiment one of the present invention simplifies.

Fig. 2 is spatial-wedging electric control clutch embodiment's one of the present invention axial sectional view.

The flank profil of Fig. 3 Shi Tu2Zhong Ge mechanism is to the local expansion figure of same external cylindrical surface radially projecting.

Fig. 4 is the axial sectional view according to the simplification of embodiments of the invention two.

Fig. 5 is the axial sectional view according to the simplification of embodiments of the invention three.

Fig. 6 is the schematic unfolded drawing of having removed the simplification of actuating the rear Y-direction of ring in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is the axial sectional view according to embodiments of the invention four.

Fig. 8 is the right side view of relay ring gear in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is the schematic enlarged view of electrical actuator part in Fig. 7.

Figure 10 is the schematic local expansion figure of the simplification of the radially projecting of Z direction in Fig. 7.

Figure 11 is the schematic, exploded perspective view of actuating mechanism in Fig. 7.

Figure 12 is the axial sectional view according to the simplification of embodiments of the invention five.

Figure 13 is the rough schematic view of V-V section in Figure 12.

Figure 14 is the axial sectional view with the embodiment of the present invention six that in Figure 15, D-D rotation section represents.

Figure 15 is the rough schematic view of E-E section in Figure 14.

Figure 16 is the schematic, exploded perspective view of ratchet Option stage in Figure 14.

Figure 17 is the axial sectional view according to embodiments of the invention seven.

Embodiment

Necessary explanation: in the text of this specification and institute's drawings attached, same or analogous member and characteristic portion all adopt identical reference character, and only give necessary explanation when they occur for the first time.Equally, the also working mechanism of the same or similar mechanism of not repeat specification or process.For difference is arranged on identical member or the characteristic portion on symmetry or corresponding position, this specification has added letter after its reference character, and during in general reference explanation or without difference, additional any letter.

Embodiment one: axial actuation space-like insertion type electric control clutch C1

Shown in Fig. 1～3 is embodiments of the invention one, and it comprises the limiter element 180 that forms and have axial force closing function around axis X.This limiter element 180 is a ring-type bag shape member best, the axial middle part of the inner peripheral surface 84 that it forms around axis X, and be provided with is the dish type ring-type circumferential recess 78 of plane coaxial line best.The internal surface of the approximately half cycle of this circumferential recess 78, extends to the outer circumferential face of limiter element 180 along the two tangent direction H that are parallel to each other and H ' best, and forms uniform section rectangle entrance 82 (referring to Fig. 1,15).The inner radial surface 80 of circumferential recess 78, thereby extend into the non-closed interior radial surface with U font shape of cross section, and form two circumferential walls 85 that are parallel to each other.Axially, can trackslip successively and be arranged on intermediate piece 90 on tubular matrix 60 outer circumferential faces that the interior ring side of guiding element 50 extends towards the inner, friction member 70 and supporting element 220 in the form of a ring roughly, can be along Fig. 1 hollow core arrow direction, in company with guiding element 50 one, by entrance 82 to be directly brought into circumferential recess 78, and by axially can trackslip through the first axle 200 in limiter element 180 endoporus, be radially positioned in axis X.The first axle 200 is by two bearings 158, rotatably be supported on respectively on two inner peripheral surface 84a and 84b of limiter element 180, and by the Placement such as flat key or spline pair, non-rotatably be connected to the inner peripheral surface of tubular matrix 60, torque is imported into and spread out of electric control clutch C1.

At this, being to be noted that circumferential recess 78 is uniform section rectangle with entrance 82 in the form of a ring, is all to realize the best of the present invention but and nonessential setting.In fact, as long as can include above-mentioned guiding element 50 and intermediate piece 90 etc. in, circumferential recess 78 and entrance 82 can have arbitrary shape and unequal section.As a same reason, the also essential circumferentially sealing and corresponding to through endoporus of the inner peripheral surface 84 of limiter element 180, it for example can be the U-shaped opening shape of half cycle roughly and completely corresponding to a blind hole, as long as can set out to take in the circumferential recess 78 of the roughly half cycle of the revolving member such as intermediate piece 90 on this inner peripheral surface 84.

Obviously, the ring-type bag shape limiter element 180 of axial force sealing can be also a compostle member, and its entrance 82 also can be sealed at least in part.For example, the fastening means by such as welding, riveted joint or bolt connect, is connected to the end face of a dish type annulus by a cup-shaped shell-type limiter element axial restraint with center hole, and limits circumferential recess 78.For another example, by the mode that is fastenedly connected such as weld, arrange to interference at least one circumferential band or ring gear on the outer circumferential face that comprises axial middle part and/or outer end, footpath is upwards at least roughly symmetrical, and on semicircle inner headed face, be provided with two semicircle shell-type limiter elements of semicircle peripheral groove, radially regularly to being connected into a combined type ring-type limiter element that limits complete circumferential recess 78.Certainly, if needed, also can, in for example radially one end of the interface of two semicircle shell-type limiter elements, the less radial direction through hole of circumferential span of a similar entrance 82 be set best.Being described in more detail and illustrating of dependency structure, can referring to above two basic patent applications of whole combination, no longer repeat specification herein.

Continuation, referring to Fig. 1～3, is provided with a flanged type arm of force 75 that radially extends to entrance 82 outer rims on the outer circumferential face of friction member 70.This arm of force 75 has complementary shape of cross section best with entrance 82, and two circumferential flank surface 73 meshes simultaneously/conflicts with two circumferential walls 85 respectively, causes friction member 70 and limiter element 180 non-rotatably to connect into a combined type bag shape friction member.Be best on the interior edge face of ladder outer shroud of guiding element 50 of ladder ring-type, be provided with one group best around the circumferential uniform tooth-like guiding tooth 52 of bidirectional screw of axis X.Correspondingly, facing on the end face of guiding element 50 of intermediate piece 90, is provided with the tooth-like guiding tooth 92 of one group of spiral that is complementary structure with the tooth 52 that leads.Guiding tooth 52 and 92 is chimeric unvaryingly, forms best around rotating contact type Double-directional rotary guide mechanism G of axis X.

In addition, intermediate piece 90, by the revolution rubbing surface 104 on its anodontia end face, can be connected with rotary type traction rubbing surface 72 frictions that are arranged on friction member 70 opposing end surfaces with complimentary fashion best, forms revolving molding surface contact traction friction mechanism F1.And guiding element 50 is by the power transmission rubbing surface 58 on its anodontia end face, can with an interior edge face that is arranged on circumferential recess 78, namely power transmission rubbing surface 74 frictions of the circular dish type end 188b interior edge face of limiter element 180 are connected, form and non-rotatably combine with guiding element 50 and friction member 70 respectively, and between the two, directly transmit the revolving molding surface contact power transmission friction mechanism F2 of friction torque.Traction friction mechanism F1 and rotate guide mechanism G and jointly form face type space wedge mechanism ，Gai mechanism again together with power transmission friction mechanism F2, forms the spatial-wedging friction bindiny mechanism that the axial force of electric control clutch C1 is sealed.

Should be noted that, the implication that the application " directly transmits friction torque " refers to, the bang path of torque between two members is only through a friction mechanism, and without any second other mechanism, the quantity of rubbing surface/sheet that itself and this friction mechanism has is without any relation.

Should also be noted that in view of the feature that possesses full circumferential surface contact friction, in electric control clutch C1, can be filled with best the brake fluid or the cooling liquid that help heat radiation, during especially as break, to form wet friction environment.Meanwhile, also can with reference to known technology, for example radial passage communicating with each other be accordingly set best in friction surface or the inside of friction member 70 members such as grade, be beneficial to distributing of lubricated and heat.

Obviously, because dish type ring-type circumferential recess 78 is arranged to planar disc but not cone plate-like best, therefore, electric control clutch C1 can not require the combination of guiding element 50 and intermediate piece 90 and the coaxial accuracy between limiter element 180 in theory.That is to say, between rotation guide mechanism G, the traction friction mechanism F1 in can Bu Dui frictional connection mechanism and power transmission friction mechanism F2 three and the coaxality of three and axis X do excessive demand, when especially rotating speed is not high.As long as two face contact Rotating friction pair is perpendicular to axis X, and guiding element 50 and the intermediate piece 90 only with very little relative rotation are coaxially set each other.And relative modern crafts guarantee that the coaxality between these two annular components is again a simple and work cheaply.Therefore, this will significantly reduce requirement and the cost of making, assembling and use electric control clutch C1, and expands its use field.

Detailed relation and the structure characteristic of Double-directional rotary guide mechanism G are described in conjunction with Fig. 3 below again.Wherein, there is best trapezoidal cross-section and the tooth-like guiding tooth 52 of every pair of face type spiral radially extending and 92 opposed facing guide surface 54 and 94, all complementally be configured to the screw type flank of tooth, after both are circumferential bonded to each other, just can form the spiral guiding friction pair corresponding to two groups of faces contacts of different circumferencial directions.Preferably, respectively towards two groups of guide surface 54a of different circumferencial directions and two complementary lift angle λ of 94a and 54b and 94b _aand λ _b, all equal symmetrically λ.Usually, 0 < λ≤ξ, distinguishingly, ζ < λ≤ξ or 0 < λ≤ζ (as ζ > 0).Obviously, if only need transmit unidirectional torque, lift angle λ _aand λ _bin one, 90 degree of the X that can equal best to parallel to the axis.Preferably, all guiding teeth 52 and 92 tooth depth, laminating when being all configured to not hinder corresponding to two groups of guide surface 54a of different circumferencial directions and 94a and 54b and 94b in the axial direction, that is tooth top is separately greater than zero best with the axial minimum separable δ of teeth groove groove bottom of living in separately, to guarantee that the circumferential degrees of freedom/gap of rotating guide mechanism G can equal zero.

For the entering wedge and remove wedge of implementation space wedged friction bindiny mechanism at any time, in electric control clutch C1, be also provided with especially into wedge control mechanism, operably to force the closed conflict of axial force of setting up or cancel frictional connection mechanism to connect.Wherein, enter wedge control mechanism and comprise that is rotated the stepless supporting mechanism SS of guiding type, it has friction member 70, supporting element 220 and limiter element 180 as supported, referring to Fig. 1～3.Supporting element 220 in the form of a ring roughly, conflicts to another interior edge face of friction member 70 and circumferential recess 78 and namely supports end face 189 axially to go up simultaneously rigidity, and the mode of doing limited rotation, is arranged between friction member 70 and limiter element 180.

In the present embodiment, stepless supporting mechanism SS is specially one take supporting element 220 as intermediate piece and has another space wedge mechanism of limiting angle ξ ', and it is provided with is unidirectional rotation guide mechanism UG best.Two groups of tooth-like guiding teeth 62 of one-way spiral and 232 with complementary structure of this guide mechanism UG, are separately positioned on the opposed facing ring end face of friction member 70 and supporting element 220, so that both rotations guide to conflict, are connected.In fact, guiding tooth 62 and 232 also can be separately positioned on and support on end face 224 and 189.Referring to Fig. 1,3, guiding tooth 62 and 232 has flexuose profile of tooth best, and the two is provided with the complementary guide surface 64 of screw type and 234 that lift angle is λ ', the non-guide surface 61 and 236 of the X that parallels to the axis best, and Topland 238.Wherein, 0 < λ '≤ξ ', the definition of ξ ' is same as ξ.

In addition, on the outer circumferential face of supporting element 220, be provided with best the arm of force 222 extending along entrance 82 outer radials.This arm of force 222 has suitable intilted circumferential flank surface 228, can make to form best running clearance between two circumferential walls 85 of this arm of force 222 and entrance 82, and guarantee that the relative limiter element 180 of supporting element 220 has enough circumferential degrees of freedom ε '.Like this, relative limiter element 180 rotatable support 220, just can be within this circumferential degrees of freedom ε ', and it is reference level that the competing rotary type of take supports end face 224 and 189, axially infinitely regulates the supported height of friction member 70/pushed away from distance.This adjusting can promote friction member 70 by intermediate piece 90 and guiding element 50 seamlessly rigidity compress/conflict on power transmission rubbing surface 74, or cancel compress/conflict of this rigidity state, thereby the closed conflict of the axial force of forcibly setting up or cancel frictional connection mechanism connects, and force space wedge mechanism on two circumferencial directions, to enter reliably wedge or separate wedge.Wherein, axial freedom/gap delta in circumferential recess 78 of guiding element 50, intermediate piece 90, friction member 70 and supporting element 220 ', be greater than zero but be less than or equal to the λ ' apart from ε ' * tg that moves axially of the corresponding rotation guide movement of above-mentioned circumferential degrees of freedom ε '.Optimally, can between for example power transmission rubbing surface 74 and friction member 70, helical compression spring be set, or, straight line wire spring is set in the respective radial holes of limiter element 180, by intermediate piece 90 one end, conflicted constantly to outer radial flange or the arm of force 75 of friction member 70 respectively, so that the axial freedom/gap delta in separated state ', all the time between the rubbing surface of friction mechanism F1 or F2, thereby reduce frictional resistance and wearing and tearing.

Therefore, in using process, as long as can forcibly set up the closed conflict of the axial force of spatial-wedging friction bindiny mechanism, connect, just can force at any time space wedge mechanism on two circumferencial directions, to enter reliably immediately wedge/wedging, thus cause electric control clutch C1 to engage.Such as, cause supporting element 220 to rotate along arrow P direction in Fig. 1,3 for example relative to friction member 70, and when completing the closed conflict of above-mentioned axial force and connecting or afterwards, as long as guiding element 50 has constantly along the trend that in Fig. 1,3, arrow P direction is rotated relative to friction member 70, friction member 70 is all by the traction friction torque by traction friction mechanism F1, drawing the intermediate piece 90 that rotates guide mechanism G, relatively guiding element 50 is along the arrow R direction guide movement that rotates.Move axially/the tension force that this rotation guide movement produces, by guiding tooth 92 moment wedging in the end face wedge shape space that guide surface 54a and traction rubbing surface 72 surround, namely intermediate piece 90 becomes a friction piece by guiding element 50 with friction member 70 wedgings, in the time of traction friction mechanism F1 thereby axial engagement, this tension force also by guiding element 50 swelling at once at the corresponding interior edge face of limiter element 180 namely on power transmission rubbing surface 74, the mode connecting to form the closed conflict of axial force, cause power transmission friction mechanism F2 also synchronously to engage, and guiding element 50 and friction member are upwards directly connected into a friction piece for 70 weeks.Referring to Fig. 2 lower half portion.

So electric control clutch C1 engages along with the wedging of space wedge mechanism.The driving torque M that the first axle 200 in tubular matrix 60 endoporus imports into ₀, be divided into the wedging friction torque M transmitting via rotating guide mechanism G and traction friction mechanism F1 ₁, and the power transmission friction torque M directly transmitting via power transmission friction mechanism F2 ₂, pass to respectively friction member 70 and the limiter element 180 of circumferential one, the more unshowned power transmission characteristic surface on the inside and outside side face of the latter or end face (as end face flanged ring), pass to unshowned other member with its coupling.Wherein, M ₀=M ₁+ M ₂, and the size of above-mentioned axial tension force, wedging power/engaging force and each frictional force, be all proportional to completely adaptively M ₁, driving torque M namely ₀.

Far and away, due to the symmetry properties making progress in week, guiding element 50, along the working procedure of arrow R direction when friction member 70 rotates in Fig. 3, is quite analogous to naturally, herein without the necessity repeating.In addition, torque also can be transmitted by path contrary to the above, and working procedure does not have any essential difference.

But what should particularly point out is, as mentioned above, electric control clutch C1 is only in having the arranging of ζ < λ≤ξ, can obtain the antioverloading that driving torque overload is skidded relatively adaptively and destroy function, but prerequisite is torque must be transmitted to friction member 70/ limiter element 180 by guiding element 50, namely along as above, by axle, to the path direction of taking turns, transmitted, rather than contrary.Particularly, the basic general knowledge of kinology from theorem of moment of momentum/theorem of momentum, possess the load of very important rotary inertia, or the limiter element 180 being coupled with this load, the moment that its rotating speed can not engage at electric control clutch C1 produces ascending to heaven or rapid drawdown of step type.So, while there is larger speed discrepancy between by the loading component of frictional connection and the first axle 200, the above-mentioned insertion type engaging process with the electric control clutch C1 of ζ < λ≤ξ setting, it must be a transient process that occurs that adaptively of short duration overload is trackslipped, until overload finishes, can not produce harmful impact, can not cause the damage that stops prime mover or cause associated components yet.And its friction slip torque/axial engagement power equals or all the time adaptively corresponding to driving torque M ₀, can not cause its wedge dead.Obviously, the engagement characteristics that this overload is skidded will be particularly conducive to the operating mode of clutch and braking.

And in jointing state, as long as can forcibly cancel the closed conflict of the axial force of spatial-wedging friction bindiny mechanism connects, just can force at any time space wedge mechanism on two circumferencial directions, to remove reliably wedge/solution wedge, thereby cause electric control clutch C1 separated.Such as, cause supporting element 220 to overcome applied external force, and the surface friction drag that acts on guide surface 234 and support end face 224, relative to friction member 70, along arrow R direction in Fig. 3 for example, rotate, namely do the rotation of the leading role of the stepless supporting mechanism SS of releasing, make it lose axially support effect, the closed conflict of axial force that can at once force to cancel above-mentioned frictional connection mechanism connects.Normal pressure between guide surface 64 and 234 and its rotation leading role, will disengage disappearing in a flash and simultaneously of trend mutually along with two guide surfaces produce.Nature, two friction mechanism F1 of the axially support power based on the SS of this mechanism and F2 and whole space wedge mechanism, separation immediately or solution wedge, and because the G of mechanism, F1 and F2 axially laminating simultaneously, and make space wedge mechanism on two circumferencial directions, lose again the possibility of wedging.So electric control clutch C1 finishes to engage and again proceeds to solution wedge-type separated state/operating mode, intermediate piece 90 starts to follow guiding element 50 friction member 70 and 180 idle running of limiter element relatively together.Referring to Fig. 2 upper half part.

Technique scheme be intactly recorded in above in two basic patent applications of whole combination, and be not the application's explanation emphasis.Focusing on of the application's explanation, how to activate above-mentioned stepless supporting mechanism SS, namely how to drive supporting element 220 to rotate relative to limiter element 180 or supported, forcibly to set up or to cancel the closed conflict of above-mentioned axial force of above-mentioned frictional connection mechanism, connect.For this purpose, enter wedge control mechanism and also comprise an actuating mechanism AC, and at least one electrical actuator EM.

Referring to Fig. 1～2, actuating mechanism AC is a cylindrical cam mechanism best, it comprises at least one the screw-type benchmark projection 122 being axially arranged on 188a exterior edge face, circular dish type end, radially be arranged on the guide protrusions 132 on the arm of force 222 outer circumferential faces, and can trackslip be arranged on limiter element 180 outer circumferential faces actuating ring 120.Correspondingly, internal side diameter along the radial flange 129 of actuating ring 120 radially extending in the 188a of dish type end, be provided with circumferential degrees of freedom best null mode take in slidably the corresponding datum hole 124 of benchmark projection 122, and, in inner circumferential surface, be provided with the guiding groove with certain lead angle 134 of taking in slidably guide protrusions 132.Guiding groove 134 is conduits of a radial direction through hole formula, and certainly, it can be also the inner peripheral surface conduit that extends to end.

For making actuating mechanism AC, for causing, actuate the working position of ring 120 can automatically restore to non-activated state time more precisely, that is the non-station of actuating, actuate ring 120 and should there is elasticity sustainably and conflict to the ability of limiter element 180.For this reason, on the outer circumferential face of benchmark projection 122, be also arranged with Returnning spring 150.Conflict to the exterior edge face of datum hole 124 in one end of this spring 150, the other end is conflicted to the radial flange of benchmark projection 122 tail ends, to be indirectly arranged at the mode of actuating between ring 120 and limiter element 180, the axially movable distance/axial freedom of actuating ring 120 is defined as and is not less than L.Obviously, be the even application of force, benchmark projection 122 and Returnning spring 150 should be more than one best, for example, circumferentially uniform more than three.

Should be pointed out that in passing, above-mentioned setting is also not exclusive or best.Such as, benchmark projection 122 radially can be arranged on the outer circumferential face of dish type end 188a for example, datum hole 124 is correspondingly arranged in the tubular segments of actuating ring 120, Returnning spring 150 is arranged on and is actuated between ring 120 and limiter element 180 inner and outer circumferential surfaces.For this reason, the outer circumferential face of limiter element 180 is stepped best, and its ladder end face flushes in the end face in the same way of the arm of force 75 best, and both conflict to Returnning spring 150 in the mode towards dish type end 188b simultaneously.The outer end of Returnning spring 150, that is axial left end, conflict to the interior edge face that is arranged on the interior radial flange of actuating ring 120 outer ends.And this flange is arranged at again the snap ring location in the 188b outer circumferential face peripheral groove of dish type end.Accordingly, be positioned at the radial flange 129 of actuating ring 120 the other ends, should be modified to best the flange that outer radial extends.

Should be noted also that as making supporting element 220 obtain the ability that elasticity enters wedge, also guide protrusions 132 can be arranged to elastic bumps.Such as, with Spring Steel Wire, make, or, a clockwise side of the guide protrusions 132 when left view 1 for example, that is arrow R indication one side in Fig. 3, then a Spring Steel Wire is radially set with gap, form a compound projection with guide protrusions 132.So, supporting element 220 has just had elasticity and has entered the ability that wedge and rigidity are removed wedge.

Arrange, actuating mechanism AC has such effect.; that actuates the normality of ring 120 on axially is non-while actuating station; the relative left position in Fig. 2 for example; even if guide protrusions 132 is conflicted to the circumferential wall of guiding groove 134, relatively rotating of supporting element 220 can not cause stepless supporting mechanism SS to set up the closed conflict connection of above-mentioned axial force yet.And move axially, actuate ring 120, for example in Fig. 1～2, move from left to right an axial distance L, by the mobile guide effect of guiding groove 134, can cause guide protrusions 132 to be rotated relative to limiter element 180, for example, along Fig. 1, arrow P direction in 3, thereby the guiding type that drives supporting element 220 to do in the same way relative to friction member 70 rotates, and circumferentially conflict to before the peripheral side wall 85 of entrance 82 at supporting element 220, and, guide protrusions 132 is conflicted to before the axial wall of guiding groove 134, promoting friction member 70 conflicts intermediate piece 90 and guiding element 50 to power transmission rubbing surface 74 rigidly, forcibly to set up the closed conflict of axial force, connect, as shown in the Lower Half of Fig. 2.And axially oppositely move, actuate ring 120, namely by the non-station of actuating that station displacement distance L gets back to left end of actuating of Fig. 2 right-hand member, carry out completely in contrast to upper action, pressure is cancelled the closed conflict of above-mentioned axial force and is connected, and can make the axial free clearance sum between above-mentioned member, again approach or equal axial freedom δ ', as shown in the first half of Fig. 2.Nature, Returnning spring 150 acts on the elastic force of actuating ring 120, must be greater than the required axial driving force of above-mentioned stepless support of forcing to remove stepless supporting mechanism SS.

Continuation is referring to Fig. 2, for activating the electrical actuator EM (not shown in figure 1) of actuating mechanism AC, comprise and be arranged on the ring-type armature part 128 of actuating ring 120 interior radial flange 129 exterior edge faces, the magnetic conduction flanged ring 126a and the 126b that by the radially inside and outside both sides of armature part 128, are extended axially out, and the ring-type yoke 230 that is built-in with electromagnetic coil 232 that is arranged in gap the annulus that magnetic conduction flanged ring 126a and 126b surround.Yoke 230 and power line thereof are fixedly attached in unshowned frame, axial spacing between itself and armature part 128, be more than or equal to above-mentioned displacement distance L, its electromagnetism the suction-combining force is greater than Returnning spring 150 and acts on and actuate ring 120 elastic force, to guarantee to actuate ring 120, can complete its guiding type and moves axially.

So, in using process, as long as transmit corresponding electrical signal to electric control clutch C1, just can complete at any time and make its joint or separated simple manipulation.; as long as switch on to electrical actuator EM; just can activate as described above actuating mechanism AC; order is protected and to be actuated ring 120 and move to and actuate station; to cause stepless supporting mechanism SS to set up required stepless support; thereby forcibly set up the closed conflict of above-mentioned axial force, connect, and finally cause electric control clutch C1 to engage.And need only sever supply to the electric energy of electrical actuator EM, just can pass through as described above actuating mechanism AC, order guarantor actuates ring 120 and gets back to the non-station of actuating, to cause stepless supporting mechanism SS moment to remove the stepless support of its rigidity, thereby forcibly cancel the closed conflict of above-mentioned axial force, connect, and finally force electric control clutch C1 separated.

Obviously, use/method of operating of electric control clutch C1 is entirely identical to prior art.

And on two circumferencial directions, reliably enter wedge in order to ensure intermediate piece 90, guarantee that parameter ε ' and δ ' immobilize, and, guarantee reliability and conformity into wedge action, entering wedge control mechanism also includes best the circumferential degrees of freedom ε that rotates guide mechanism G is limited in to the circumferential position-limit mechanism in interval [0,2 δ '/tg λ].This circumferential position-limit mechanism is an axial/radial cotter way formula embeding mechanism being arranged between guiding element 50 and intermediate piece 90 best, its at least comprise the centering type spacing preiection 68 of be arranged on wherein for example, such as on guiding tooth Topland, in Fig. 1～3 on the Topland of the guiding tooth 52 of signal.And in order to permanent centering type limited impression 118 of accommodating this projection 68 axially slidably, be correspondingly arranged on the relative tooth 92 that for example leads such as in Bottom land.Best, spacing preiection 68 should at least have circumferential elasticity concurrently, and is arranged on the radially inner side of guiding tooth 52, for example, by an Embedded Spring Steel Wire, is served as.Now, circumferentially the circumferential degrees of freedom ε of position-limit mechanism, can approximate zero best.

Certainly, on Wei Shi intermediary ring 90 is axial, bullet draws/presses to guide ring 50 constantly, have best flexible spacing preiection 68 and groove 118 concurrently, also can radially be arranged in the opposed facing inner and outer circumferential surfaces of guiding element 50 and intermediate piece 90, comprise on the outer circumferential face of tubular matrix 60, or, be indirectly arranged on on non-rotatable other member being connected of guiding element 50 and intermediate piece 90.For example, be arranged on the inner peripheral surface of limiter element 180 and the outer circumferential face of intermediate piece 90, and can there is the form connecting such as feather key/pin, referring to Fig. 7.Related description as detailed above two basic patent applications of whole combination.In addition, above-mentioned draw/compression functions of axial bullet also can by one independently elastic element provide, for example, be set on the outer circumferential face of intermediate piece 90 and guiding element 50 and two terminations embed respectively the spiral tension spring in corresponding radially counterbore on these two outer circumferential faces simultaneously.

Arrange, circumferentially position-limit mechanism has such effect.That is, in separated state, the axial conflict of intermediate piece 90 and guiding element 50, the mode all simultaneously contacting with 94b with guide surface 54a and 94a and 54b is best carried out.Like this, insertion type in any direction engages, and electric control clutch C1 all can not produce circumferential idle stroke, and corresponding friction is impacted.And, go the separation process of wedge-type by simple and direct and rapid, there is significant step evolution.Even if lift angle λ value is interval in the angle of climb of 0～ζ, the circumferential barrier effect of spacing preiection 68 also can make this process complete in step mode, and can not complete with gradual manner.

In addition, be to adapt to high speed rotating, also can be best in actuating the remaining space of the entrance 82 that ring 120 internal side diameters are not filled, at least one is set and for example there is best for example arc balancing component/balancing weight of complementary structure with this remaining space.This balancing component is best by radial location, for example, by its axial bore, and is fixedly attached at least one fixing pin in the axial bore 81 of limiter element 180, referring to Fig. 2.

What must particularly point out is, on the one hand, from working mechanism and general knowledge, cause electric control clutch C1 to engage and separated motivator or actuation force, namely act on the axial driving force of actuating ring 120, or guiding groove 134 acts on the actuating torque of guide protrusions 132, for separating of compare for engage for large.On the other hand, with reference to the foregoing, the guiding lift angle λ ' of stepless supporting mechanism SS is set to more close to its limiting angle ξ ', and supporting element 220 is made minute dissociation wedges and rotated required solution wedge torque just more close to zero, forces to separate wedge also just easier.In theory, this solution wedge torque is along with λ ' equals ξ ' and equals zero (supporting element 220 is critical in the state that is applied the normal force circumferential " extruding " on guide surface 234).Nature, actuates corresponding to the driving of this solutions wedge torque the actuating torque that ring 120 axial force or guiding groove 134 act on guide protrusions 132, also can so close to or equal zero.

Therefore,, for ease of implementing accurately sensitive control and energy-conservation, the guiding lift angle λ ' of stepless supporting mechanism SS in the present invention, should approach or equal ξ ' best.Like this, the rigidity of necessary Returnning spring 150 and the electromagnetic force of electrical actuator EM all can significantly reduce.Certainly, λ ' also can be greater than ξ ' limitedly, and cost is the increase of electromagnetism the suction-combining force.And if λ ' is significantly less than ξ ', will cause the increase of required Returnning spring 150 rigidity, and the increase of required electromagnetism the suction-combining force.

Those skilled in the art are so far not difficult to find, the electric control clutch of comparing prior art has many beneficial effects according to electric control clutch C1 of the present invention.

First, the electromagnetic force of electrical actuator EM is only the action executing signal of its Engage and disengage, with its torque of transmitting or power wide of the mark.Meanwhile, with the space wedge mechanism of electromagnetic force wide of the mark, more because its all friction mechanisms for transferring power torque are complete face contact class, and there is unrivaled transmission capacity and the impact resistance corresponding to the limiting range of stress.Meanwhile, its radial and axial size also correspondingly greatly reduces.

Secondly, because the electromagnetic force of its engaging force and electrical actuator EM is irrelevant, thereby its power consumption greatly reduces (lower in subsequent embodiment), nature, and corresponding transmission efficiency and heating value also greatly reduce.

Again, because the core of electric control clutch C1 is a space wedge mechanism, its joint is with separated, and namely this mechanism enters wedge and removes wedge, all has natively the feature that trigger type completes fast.And stepless supporting mechanism SS and activate its electrical actuator EM etc. be the assisting agency that determines whether to enter wedge and remove wedge, do not have change into wedge with go wedge mechanism any may and function.Therefore, it is sensitive quick that electric control clutch C1 has action response, engages rapidly feature reliably, and be applicable to frequent movement or require engage and separated application site fast.

Finally, for the plan of establishment with parameter 0 < λ≤ζ (for the situation of ζ > 0), electric control clutch C1 is more because have the characteristic of absolute zero slip, when the versatility advantage with alternative slipping toothed electromagnetic clutch of the prior art, more maintain the intrinsic advantage of stepless joint.

For example, internal diameter at guiding element 50 is not less than 50mm, the external diameter of limiter element 180 is between 98～175mm, axial width is between 60～100mm, and service factor and friction factor be respectively 2.0 and at 0.1 o'clock, the half cycle of only having an appointment can wedging and the electric control clutch C1 of power transmission, and its wedged friction nominal torque just can reach 2, the magnitude level of 790～16,900Nm.Even if decrease because the process structures such as radiating groove are set, its transmission capacity will be far away higher than prior art, particularly density/the capacity of transmission of torque.

Should be noted that, for seeking larger design freedom and making the easier wedging of space wedge mechanism or separate wedge, the present invention also has the technological means of various lifting limiting angle ζ and ξ numerical value.Comprise, the guide surface 54 and 94 that rotates guide mechanism G is arranged to oblique helical tooth flank, the rubbing surface 72 and 104 of traction friction mechanism F1 is arranged to frusto-conical surface, cause in shaft section guide surface 54 and 94 or rubbing surface 72 and 104 be not equal to 90 degree with angle/half cone-apex angle of axis X, and equal 0～180 other value of spending; Traction friction mechanism F1 is arranged to many friction disk types friction mechanism; And, the material or the element that possess larger friction factor are attached at least one in rubbing surface 72 and 104.Here should be incidentally, this specification has provided literal definition clearly and the explanation about limiting angle ζ and ξ, and without paying any performing creative labour, those of ordinary skill in the art all can derive its functional relation/formula accordingly.

Those skilled in the art are known based on general knowledge, torque capacity/transmission capacity of electric control clutch C1 reduce axial tension force when increasing equivalent diameter, traction friction mechanism F1 and power transmission friction mechanism F2 also can be according to known technologies, therefore be set to respectively or simultaneously as described above many friction disk types friction mechanism, and there is more than one one group of traction friction pair or power transmission friction pair.

Easily expect, if between the power transmission rubbing surface 58 and 74 in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2, an intermediate piece 90 is axially set symmetrically again, and with guiding element 50 and combined type bag shape friction member form symmetrically respectively another rotate guide mechanism and traction friction mechanism, electric control clutch C1 will no longer have power transmission friction mechanism F2, but have two traction friction mechanism F1 that share same combined type bag shape friction member simultaneously.If exchange the axial position of guiding element 50 and intermediate piece 90, just friction mechanism F1 and F2 also will axially exchange, the power transmission friction mechanism after modification will directly combine respectively rigidly with guiding element and friction member.If exchanged, rotate guide mechanism G and traction friction mechanism F1 both sides; namely exchange in couples the axial position of guiding tooth 52,92 and rubbing surface 72,104; electric control clutch C1 just can, by taking turns on the bang path of axle, possess the protective function that overload is skidded, referring to Fig. 7.Now, friction member 70 and guiding element 50 in Fig. 1～2, exchanged role in fact.And if friction member 70 and intermediate piece 90 are merged into a part, and between power transmission rubbing surface 58 and 74, insert the friction ring that is coupled with different transmission shafts in an endoporus, friction member 70 will be modified to intermediate piece.That is,, in latter two modification, supported is served as by guiding element and intermediate piece respectively.

In addition, described in definition, the present invention does not make concrete restriction to rotation guide mechanism G and guiding tooth 52,92 thereof, and it must not have best helical tooth structure, must not have the complementary guiding flank of tooth yet.Therefore, this guide mechanism G and guiding tooth thereof and the guiding flank of tooth can have and possess arbitrarily form and the shape of rotating guide function.Guiding tooth can be arranged on end face/side face by discrete form, also can, by such as single head or multiple-threaded mode, circumferentially be arranged on corresponding inside/outside side face to continuity.And rear a kind of setting in form, it can be arranged to have the helical tooth such as rectangle, trapezoidal, zigzag fashion or triangle prismatic shapes best.As a same reason, as long as can realize best axial complementary laminating/conflict, the tapering shape rotary type rubbing surface of two groups of revolution friction pairs separately of traction friction mechanism F1 and power transmission friction mechanism F2, can form based on the revolution of arbitrary curve/bus, and can be the discontinuous surface being provided with in order to the groove of heat radiation or eliminating liquid/gas.

Therefore, electric control clutch C1 can also have such modification.; the tooth-like guiding tooth 52 of spiral and 92 of rotation guide mechanism G is wherein arranged on the outer circumferential face of tubular matrix 60 and the inner peripheral surface of intermediate piece 90; or, be arranged on the outer circumferential face of intermediate piece 90 and be formed at guiding element 50 radially on the inner peripheral surface of the annular end face flange of outer rim side the position of intermediate piece 90 and guiding element 50 (be equivalent to radially overturn).Or, remove guiding element 50, by techniques such as precision casting, casting, die casting or injection moulding, guiding tooth 52 is directly formed on power transmission rubbing surface 74 rigidly, so that limiter element 180 is modified to the bag shape guiding element with axial force closing function.Correspondingly, should between the intermediate piece 90 shown in Fig. 1,2 and friction member 70, radially insert the dish type friction ring that an endoporus is coupled to the first axle 200, electric control clutch C1 just various type is that guiding element is wheel-shaft drive formula electric control clutch of bag shape member.And if with another axle, be fixedly attached to again the endoporus of intermediate piece 90, its guiding element just will exchange roles and be modified to a bag shape intermediate piece with intermediate piece 90, above-mentioned modification more will further be modified to intermediate piece for axle-shaft drive formula electric control clutch of bag shape member.

Further, remove above-mentioned guiding element for the circumferential position-limit mechanism in the modification of bag shape member, remove original friction member 70 and supporting element 220, the arm of force 222 with guide protrusions 132 is transplanted on the outer circumferential face of intermediate piece 90, with actuate ring 120 and form controlling mechanisms, and λ ≈ ξ is set as described above, just can obtain having the simple structure modification of four members.That controls this simple structure modification actuates ring 120 move axially, and just can make intermediate piece 90 separate wedges or enter wedge on single circumferencial direction.Accordingly, this simple structure modification in jointing state only can be on the corresponding circumferencial direction of its wedging transmitting torque, can not be contrary, except non-return movement is actuated ring 120 to commutating into wedge.Therefore, this simple structure modification no longer has electric control clutch C1 through a wedging, the feature performance benefit of the transmitting torque that just can commutate at any time adaptively on any circumferencial direction.Undoubtedly, above-mentioned intermediate piece also can further have the four member simple structure modification that are similar to this for a modification for bag shape member.

Diagram and explanation about the more multiple changing type of axial force enclosed construction and ring-type bag shape member, and how electric control clutch possesses diagram and the explanation of flexible engagement ability, can referring to above please in two basic patents of whole combination, and the applicant be incorporated in full this Chinese patent literature CN102537126A and CN102758861A in the technological scheme announced, the application is not described further herein.

In the present invention, actuating mechanism AC and electrical actuator EM are not limited to a kind of pattern and the setting position shown in the present embodiment.On the contrary, it can have any needed pattern and setting position, referring to follow-up explanation, as long as it is connected to two guiding teeth 52 and 92 or 62 and 232 that rotate guide mechanism G or UG directly or indirectly simultaneously, can cause in response to electrical signal intermediate piece 90 to enter wedge and conciliate wedge, namely cause electric control clutch for example C1 engage with separated.Such as, except the scheme that the embodiment of the present application is announced, also can there is electric liquid and activate scheme.As long as this guide with reference to the technology in the patent documentation WO2012/089131A1 of the whole combination of institute above, by actuating of the stepless supporting mechanism of fluid to wherein, and to the actuating of relevant control valve, transfers to electrical actuator to complete.

And, as described in subsequent embodiment, the adhesive of also must not switching on constantly of the electrical actuator EM in embodiment one.For example, at limiter element 180 and actuate between ring 120 inner and outer circumferential surfaces, arrange one such as the elasticity groove type positioning means of spring steel ball, just can actuate and encircle 120 and be flexibly positioned at it and actuate or non-actuating on station.So electrical actuator EM only needs the adhesive action of a pulsed, just can complete the actuation motion that causes electric control clutch C1 to engage.And separated actuating, can with same pulsed adhesive, move by another electrical actuator being set up in parallel, this mechanism conflicts to the leverage of actuating ring 120 by an outer end, just the magnetic switch in can similar automobile starter is the same, and adhesive campaign is become the latter axially pushed away to motion.

As previously mentioned, because the application's explanation focuses on how activating stepless supporting mechanism SS, therefore, following embodiment describes the typical forms mainly for actuating mechanism AC and electrical actuator EM.Various modification and the explanation of other mechanism, can referring to above two basic patent applications of whole combination.

Embodiment two: axial actuation space-like insertion type electric control clutch C2

Referring to Fig. 4, relative electric control clutch C1, the main modification of electric control clutch C2 is, actuating mechanism AC comprises an eccentric guide groove mechanism, and a guiding ratchet mechanism GR.

The planet axis 42 of this bias guide groove mechanism, is arranged in the axial bore corresponding to entrance 82 places of dish type end 188a interior edge face rotationally.The middle part of at least one wire-like retaining spring 45 being inserted by the radial hole of dish type end 188a outer circumferential face, in the corresponding peripheral groove of the planet axis of submerging constantly 42 outer circumferential faces, when axial restraint is lived planet axis 42, also, to conform to the mode of one of two cutting planes 49 that are parallel to each other of this peripheral groove bottom surface, planet axis 42 circumferential positions are given to flexible fastening.Be arranged on the planetary pinion 40 of planet axis 42 the inners, be accommodated in rotationally in the semicircle shape breach 183 of above-mentioned axial bore the inner, and by the gear teeth of its outer circumferential face, be engaged to constantly and be arranged on the gear teeth 123 of actuating ring 120 corresponding inner peripheral surfaces.Being arranged on the eccentric spindle nose 44 of planetary pinion 40 interior edge faces, is a Spring Steel Wire best.Eccentric spindle nose 44 extends axially slidably to the guide groove 240 radially extending being arranged on the arm of force 222.For ease of assembling, this guide groove 240 radially extends to the outer circumferential face of the arm of force 222 best, and forms outer radial breach.So, rotate and actuate ring 120, just can drive planetary pinion 40 rotating in same directions, and then by the conflict effect of 44 pairs of guide grooves of eccentric spindle nose, 240 circumferential walls, drive supporting element 220 to relatively rotate.Thereby, setting by common-sense, just can be by two switching types between the circumferential extreme position motions that are positioned at of eccentric spindle nose 44, be converted to supporting element 220 cause electric control clutch C2 to enter to engage and separated operating mode between actuating and non-circuit oscillation of actuating between station.During assembling, can first planetary pinion 40 in place and retaining spring 45, and after installing supporting element 220, more eccentric spindle nose 44 is set on the end face of planetary pinion 40.

For being adapted to actuate the rotation of ring 120, itself and armature Placement are partly modified to rotatable axial restraint.That is, armature ring 130 can be rotatably set on the ladder surface of actuating ring 120 inner peripheral surface outer ends, and snap ring 184 axial restraints that are arranged in the peripheral groove of the latter outer end are lived.Certainly, for reducing rotational resistance, also can packing ring be set in snap ring 184 the inners, and between this packing ring and armature ring 130, some balls be set.

For driving, actuate unidirectional to ratchet mechanism GR that ring 120 rotates, its pin shape ratchet 264 and preloading spring 266, be arranged on the radial hole that is arranged in dish type end 188b outer circumferential face, and the one-way type guiding ratchet 136 of radially conflicting and actuating ring 120 outer end inner peripheral surfaces to being arranged at.The Surface of action towards electrical actuator EM of guiding ratchet 136, has the lift angle of the axis X of being not parallel to, for example 60 degree.Like this, when actuating ring 120 from left to right during displacement distance L, pin-shaped ratchet 264 will produce mobile guide effect with the engagement of guiding ratchet 136, and drive to actuate and encircle 120 and rotate relative to limiter element 180.And the recovery from right to left of actuating ring 120 is moved, pin-shaped ratchet 264, by the form of radially dodging with Compress Spring 266, slips over from the rear flank of guiding ratchet 136, and does not have mobile guide effect.

Arrange, actuating mechanism AC has such effect.; actuate ring 120 and by extreme non-in a left side, actuated that station is extreme actuates the every movement of station once to the right; namely displacement distance L once; the leading role of pin-shaped ratchet 264 and guiding ratchet 136 Surface of action; to drive planetary pinion 40 just to rotate half cycle/180 degree relative to limiter element 180, and spring 45 flexible fastenings that are just in time positioned live circumferential position, synchronously; eccentric spindle nose 44 will just in time turn to one of two circumferential extreme position, and be lived by spring 45 flexible fastenings.

Therefore, as long as electrical actuator EM completes pulsatile once formula adhesive action, just can cause actuating mechanism AC to complete once reciprocating the actuating of stepless supporting mechanism SS/activate, and in an alternating manner, the closed conflict of axial force of forcibly setting up or cancel spatial-wedging friction bindiny mechanism connects, thereby causes electric control clutch C1 to engage or separation.And after completing and actuating, actuating mechanism AC can keep it to actuate effect automatically, and its actuate ring 120 can be automatically axial return, do not need electrical actuator EM that any maintenance energy or energy are provided.

Certainly, the manipulation of electric control clutch C2 is only needed to trigger energy, and without any lasting energy that maintains friction torque/positive pressure.That is, only when changing operating mode, consume very of short duration pulsed electric weight of time one time, thereby its power consumption becomes high multiple lower than electric control clutch C1, compare prior art, be equivalent to especially not have power consumption and heating.

Embodiment three: axial actuation space-like insertion type electric control clutch C3

Referring to Fig. 5～6, relative electric control clutch C2, electric control clutch C3 has only carried out simple modification for actuating mechanism AC.

First, actuating mechanism AC comprises that an effect is equal to the cylindrical cam mechanism of described eccentric guide groove mechanism.The AC of this mechanism comprises that axial stage casing is provided with the planet axis 42 of stepped cam segment 46, inside radially takes in the stepped tangential recesses 170 of this planet axis 42.Wherein, tangential recesses 170, by the mode tangentially to extend, is arranged on the outer circumferential face corresponding to entrance 82 of dish type end 188a.Cylindrical cam groove 48 is arranged on the outer circumferential face of cam segment 46, and its rotary type guide movement can cause the shaft-like driven member 110 being accommodated in unvaryingly wherein along camshaft to making reciprocating guide swinging.Best, this driven member 110 is made by linear springs silk, and through the extending axially to the axial gap 178 of dish type end 188a outer circumferential face of tangential recesses 170, is fixedly attached in the corresponding axial bore of the arm of force 222.Wire-like retaining spring 45 in order to elasticity location planet axis 42 circumferential positions, is inserted in corresponding axial bore by the exterior edge face of dish type end 188a.

Secondly, actuating mechanism AC also comprises a planetary end ratchet mechanism.It has, the planetary pinion 40 of empty set in planet axis 42, continue with planetary pinion the annulus spline-simulating gear teeth 123 that being arranged on of engagement actuated ring 120 inner peripheral surfaces, with complimentary fashion, be separately positioned on the face type single direction ratchet 43 and 41 on cam segment 46 and planetary pinion 40 both sides' opposing end surfaces, and, planetary pinion 40 is suppressed to the preloading spring 266 to cam segment 46 constantly.Wherein, tangential recesses 170 comprises, takes in rotationally the meander sections 172 of planet axis 42, takes in gap respectively cam segment 174 and the planet section 176 of cam segment 46 and planetary pinion 40.Preloading spring 266 take the end wall surface of cam segment 174a is supporting surface, by planetary pinion 40 the most at last cam segment 46 suppress in the end wall surface of cam segment 174b.

Arrange, actuating mechanism AC has such effect.; actuate ring 120 by the every movement of extreme position to the right of left extreme position once; namely move an actuating distance; just can drive planetary pinion 40 relative to limiter element 180, just to rotate 2 β/mono-of a week; and the unidirectional drive effect to cam segment 46 by described end ratchet mechanism; cause its just in time by driven member 110 by a circumferential extreme position, be displaced to another extreme position.Meanwhile, also cause planet axis 42 spring 45 flexible fastenings that are just in time positioned to live circumferential position.Wherein, β is the number of the rise that has of cylindrical cam mechanism or cam path 48.Accordingly, the number of the ratchet number of cutting planes 49 and single direction ratchet 43 and 41, should be at least one times of 2 β, and should be circumferentially uniform best.

During assembling electric control clutch C3, should first planetary pinion 40 be preset on a special position, this special position is corresponding to actuating under normal circumstances the critical station of ring 120 while removing engagement with planetary pinion 40, like this, just can guarantee to actuate ring 120 and axially enter behind position, just in time cause on the pole location of driven member 110 in cylindrical cam groove 48.Afterwards, refill members such as joining armature ring 130 and snap ring 184.

Obviously, electric control clutch C3 has pulsed actuating mode, working procedure and the beneficial effect that is same as electric control clutch C2 completely.And because the reciprocal time that driven member 110 rotates a week in response to cam segment 46 can be set in advance, electric control clutch C3 has more and actuates ring 120 to move axially distance adjustable, or the larger advantage of design freedom.And, actuate ring 120 above-mentioned actuating distance, can significantly be less than aforesaid actuating distance L, therefore, electric control clutch C3 has and further dwindles axial dimension.

Easily expect, also can and actuate in the space of the meander sections not being filled 172 between ring 120 inner peripheral surfaces in planet axis 42, with complimentary fashion, a filling member is respectively set, radially limit best planet axis 42.

Embodiment four: circumferentially actuate space-like insertion type electric control clutch C4

Referring to Fig. 7～11, different from previous embodiment, electric control clutch C4 is an embodiment who directly activates stepless supporting mechanism SS by the circumferential frictional force of pulsed.

Wherein, the relative axial position that rotates guide mechanism G and traction friction mechanism F1 both sides is just in time in contrast to previous embodiment.That is, exchanged in couples the axial position of guiding tooth 52,92 and rubbing surface 72,104, the arm of force 75 is modified to the arm of force 55.And the tubular matrix 76 of friction member 70 internal side diameters is axially stretched out by inner peripheral surface 84b, and by needle bearing 206a and 206b, be supported on rotationally respectively on the outer circumferential face of stair-stepping the first axle 200 and the inner peripheral surface 84b of limiter element 180.Upper on the outer circumferential face of tubular matrix 76 or end face, be provided with power transmission characteristic faces such as dental inlay tooth, the gear teeth, spline or keyway.In addition, have best flexible spacing preiection 68 concurrently and be indirectly arranged on the inner peripheral surface of limiter element 180,118 of limited impressions are arranged on the outer circumferential face of intermediate piece 90 accordingly, and are and extend axially shape.The first axle 200 is non-rotatably connected to the inner peripheral surface 84a of limiter element 180 by spline pair, to drive the latter's active rotation, and make electric control clutch C4 torque by the first axle 200 to the bang path of friction member 70, possess the protective function that skids of overload.

Should be pointed out that in passing, the axial length of friction member 70, can not be greater than the axial width of entrance 82, and during assembling, should first radially enter a friction member 70, more radially enter other members such as a guiding element 50.

C2 is similar with electric control clutch, and the actuating mechanism AC in the present embodiment is also the composite mechanism that includes eccentric guide groove mechanism and planetary gears.Referring to Fig. 7,11, its eccentric guide groove mechanism comprises, is at least roughly radially arranged on the passing hole type guide groove 240 on the arm of force 222, comprises planet axis 42 and is formed at the two-part eccentric shaft of eccentric spindle nose 44 of its head.Wherein, planet axis 42 is arranged in the corresponding axial hole of circular dish type end 188a rotationally, its interior edge face and the arm of force 222 are separated by gap best, the eccentric spindle nose 44 of rigidity is axially applied in guide groove 240 unvaryingly, and and two circumferential type walls 242 and 244 of guide groove 240 between maintain the circumferential degrees of freedom that is greater than best zero.Described planetary gears comprises, is at least non-rotatably arranged at planet axis 42 outer ends and conflicts to the multidiameter shaft shape planetary pinion 40 of the exterior edge face of dish type end 188a, and, with the relay ring gear 30 of its interrupted engagement.

In order to obtain adaptively intermediate piece 90 and to enter the required stepless displacement formula target travel of wedge thering is the simple actuating movement of fixed displacement, that is, cause the arm of force 222 elasticity to enter wedge and rigidity is removed wedge, thereby guarantee that electric control clutch C4 engages/enter the permanent reliability of wedge, actuating mechanism AC is also provided with spiral tension spring formula Regulation spring 152 best.One end of Regulation spring 152 is connected to the end portion that stretches out guide groove 240 of eccentric spindle nose 44, the other end is connected in the axial projection 156 that is arranged on the arm of force 222 interior edge faces, so that being continued to bullet towards the direction being mutually adjacent to, draws opposed facing guide surface 64 and 234, for example the P direction in Figure 11.

Referring to Fig. 7,11, arrange, each structural element of actuating mechanism AC has such effect.; during left view 11; when eccentric spindle nose 44 is deasil circumferentially positioned at the extreme position E1 of wall 244 1 sides; even if supporting element 220 turns to the wall 244 upper eccentric spindle nose 44 of conflicting rigidly widdershins; can not cause electric control clutch C4 to engage, more can not cause Regulation spring 152 to be contracted to recovery.And on going to circumferentially, be positioned at wall 242 1 sides when eccentric spindle nose 44 is clockwise, and during the extreme position E2 being stopped by the interior radially wall rigidity of guide groove 240, eccentric spindle nose 44 and wall 242 and 244 all best gap be separated by, but the circumferential bullet of 152 pairs of supporting elements 220 of Regulation spring draws, activated as described above stepless supporting mechanism SS and made electric control clutch C4 enter joint/wedging state.

Must be pointed out that, eccentric spindle nose 44 is stopped by the interior radially wall rigidity of guide groove 240 and can not continue upwards time rotational, the elastic force direction of Regulation spring 152, pointed to planet axis 42 with the different side of axis X.Therefore, eccentric spindle nose 44, only by the elastic force of Regulation spring 152, just can stably maintain position E2 upper, that is, continue to cause on the self-locking position of electric control clutch C4 joint.

Should be noted that the guide groove 240 in Figure 11 is cutd open incision shape for convenience of performance.

Obviously, Regulation spring 152 can be arranged on for example sheet elastic element on wall 242, can be to be circumferentially connected to extension spring between two opposing end surfaces of the arm of force 222 and the arm of force 55 etc.Certainly, also can cancel Regulation spring 152, for example, by Spring Steel Wire, serve as eccentric spindle nose 44, make it have circumferential elasticity concurrently.

Refer again to Fig. 7～8, actuating mechanism AC also comprises the relay ring gear 30 for driving planetary pinion 40 to rotate.This ring gear 30 is rotatably fixed in the tubular flange 187 of 188a exterior edge face, dish type end, and the snap ring 184a being positioned in its exterior edge face peripheral groove on axially limits.Relay ring gear 30 comprises outer shroud 36 and the interior ring 38 forming around axis X, and, this two ring is combined into the circumferential uniform even number disc 31 of a part, for example 8 rigidly by exterior edge face.On by 31 outer shroud being separated out 36 inner peripheral surfaces of disc and interior ring 38 outer circumferential faces, in interlaced mode, be respectively arranged with the part gear teeth 34 and 32 that can be engaged to respectively planetary pinion 40, for example, in Fig. 8 each four sections.Like this, any rotation of relay ring gear 30, the part gear teeth 34 and 32, all will cause planetary pinion 40 as pendulum, and between two extreme position, reciprocating rotation.

And be to drive relay ring gear 30 to rotate, actuate on the end face that encircles 120 and be provided with at least one axial double wedge 125, this double wedge 125 can embed respectively in the nick shaped groove 33 that is circumferentially distributed on relay ring gear 30 outer circumferential faces, and there is the circumferential degrees of freedom that numerical value is 2K, wherein, K > 0.Best, groove 33 is arranged on each disc 31 footpath and goes up to the midline, and forms single circumferential step-length/angle S1.

Arrange, the said structure key element of actuating mechanism AC has such effect.; actuate ring 120 every driving relay ring gears 30 and rotate circumferential step-length/angle S1 relative to limiter element 180; all will be by the part gear teeth 34 or 32; in the reciprocating interval that drives planetary pinion 40 to fix at its angle of circumference, rotate once; and cause eccentric spindle nose 44 between its extreme position E1 and E2; to approach axis X mode once, synchronous rotation once.That is eccentric spindle nose 44 can only be upper in extreme position E1 or E2, and only have through its radially reciprocating swing type motion of minimum point.And, in the visual angle of for example left view 11, planetary pinion 40 and the two adjacent interior gear teeth 34 and the initial rigging position of the outer gear teeth 32 are, if eccentric spindle nose 44 is in extreme position E1, planetary pinion 40 is positioned at a clockwise side of the gear teeth 34, if and eccentric spindle nose 44 is in extreme position E2,40 of planetary pinions are positioned at a counterclockwise side of the gear teeth 34.Meanwhile, the gear teeth 34 and 32 have the equal number of teeth, and the switching that this number of teeth can cause eccentric spindle nose 44 just in time to complete between two extreme position E1 and E2 is rotated.

Therefore, as long as can drive relay ring gear 30 to rotate circumferential step-length/angle S1 at every turn, no matter and whether along last sense of rotation, carry out, the actuating that all can complete the Engage and disengage operating mode of electric control clutch C4 is switched.And for guarantee that actuating ring 120 only drives relay ring gear 30 to rotate circumferential step-length/angle S1 at every turn, actuating mechanism AC also includes step-length control mechanism.Referring to Fig. 7 ,10，Gai Shi Yige of mechanism steric direction mechanism.It comprises, be arranged at actuate ring 120 corresponding to uniform at least two the end face open type direction recess 160 best on the inner peripheral surface of axial double wedge 125 one end, be arranged on two guiding pin 260a corresponding to same direction recess 160 and 260b in the radial hole of the corresponding outer circumferential face of dish type end 188a, be positioned at the spring 262 of radial hole bottom, empty set is on limiter element 180 outer circumferential faces, and conflict to the preloading spring 154 of actuating ring 120 the other ends, and, for this preloading spring 154 provides axially support and is arranged on the snap ring 184b in corresponding peripheral groove on limiter element 180 outer circumferential faces.Wherein, preloading spring 154 is the wavy spring of a ring-type best.

Referring to Figure 10, wherein, the direction recess 160 with circumferential symplex structure comprises, interior groove bottom 162 radially, be arranged on the axial internal face at circumferential middle part axially/interior radial protrusion 161, two inner circumferential wall face 167a and 167b, be circumferentially connected to respectively interior radial mode guide surface 164a and the 164b of axial projection 161 internal surfaces, be positioned at axial projection 161 circumferentially middle part be circumferentially provided with symmetrically respectively the axial end type breach 163 of face type guide surface 166a and 166b.Breach 163 and guide surface 164 and guiding pin 260, on same cross section, have same axial height.In physical dimension, above-mentioned geometric element has such numerical relation, S=S1+K, and 0 < J≤2K, and the axial height of guide surface 166, is greater than the chimeric degree of depth of double wedge 125 in groove 33.Here, S representative guiding pin 260 is being conflicted to the circumferential degrees of freedom having before inner circumferential wall face 167 and guide surface 164, and J represents the angle of circumference that guide surface 166 continues, and the implication of K is the same.

Therefore, at guiding pin 260a and 260b, be symmetrically located at and start respectively the position of conflicting to guide surface 164a and 164b, and double wedge 125 is during just in time the week in groove 33, admedian the best arranged, actuate ring 120 for example along relatively rotating from the bottom to top in Figure 10, will be because of guiding pin such as 260b conflicts to inner circumferential wall face 167b and can only slewing circle round angle S and automatically stop for example.The result of this rotation, to just in time drive circumferential step-length/angle S1 of relay ring gear 30 rotating in same direction, simultaneously, also will be by guide surface 164a, inside radially compress guiding pin 260a, the latter is trackslipped and rise to axial projection 161a internal surface, namely actuate the inner peripheral surface of ring 120, and finally just in time arrive and just in time embed in breach 163 outer radial.Afterwards, as long as ring 120 is actuated in revolution, just can rely on the rotation leading role of guide surface 166a, force and actuate ring and 120 axially move apart relay ring gear 30, and before the circumferential wall of double wedge 125 conflict upper grooves 33, axially shift out this groove 33.Therefore, after turning circle round angle S, guiding pin 260a will move apart the barrier type end face of axial projection 161a, finishes actuating axially stopping of ring 120, and order is actuated ring 120 and just in time got back to its initial position/preparation station.So, under the effect of preloading spring 154, to actuate ring 120 reset is moved to right, its double wedge 125 will just in time embed in next groove 33, wait for and enter reciprocating rotation next time.Obviously, due to the symmetry properties making progress in week, corresponding to actuating ring 120 along course of action in relative rotation from top to bottom in Figure 10, be naturally quite analogous to, so, repeat no more.

For revolution is actuated ring 120 to complete reciprocation cycle one time, actuating mechanism AC is also provided with at least one spring groove formula mechanism that reforms specially.Referring to Tu7，Gai mechanism, comprise the elastic press type Returnning spring 150 that is at least, and, take in this Returnning spring 150 simultaneously and be separately positioned on limiter element 180 outer circumferential faces and actuate two circumferential extended half grooves on ring 120 inner peripheral surfaces.Corresponding circumference angle between half groove of these two radial abutment formulas circumferential wall separately, completely equal best, so that the elasticity conflict simultaneously of the Returnning spring 150 in compressive state is to the circumferential wall of this two and half groove.For ease of being axially fitted into position, allow to actuate ring 120 axial displacements, be arranged at described half groove 300 of actuating ring 120 inner peripheral surfaces, there is best one and extend towards axial double wedge 125 one end integrities the axially open forming.Should be noted that for the ease of drawing, in Fig. 7, groove 300 has been drawn in outside planetary pinion 40, in fact, it can be positioned on the position of any appropriate of circumference.

Arrange, the mechanism that reforms has such effect.; actuate in the non-activated state of ring 120; double wedge 125 best just in time the week in groove 33 admedian position at the beginning; referring to Figure 10; and in the process of actuating; allow to actuate ring 120 relative limiter element 180 slewing circle round angle S; when the time comes; by the elastic force of the Returnning spring 150 of two mutual close circumferential wall compressions of two and half grooves of mutual dislocation; should be able to overcome the resistance of preloading spring 154; cause relative pin 260 frictions of leading of the axial end of guide surface 166 and axial projection 161 to be trackslipped, to make, actuate ring 120 and return back to its initial position.

So no matter where court actuates ring 120 to driving is rotated relative to limiter element 180, it can automatically and exactly be returned to immediately its initial position after driving force disappears, reliable simply again.Nature, reform mechanism more than a kind of form of spring groove formula, in prior art, having a large amount of adaptive location mechanisms can be for directly selecting or combining, and the application is without illustrated in greater detail, as long as the object that this mechanism can reform automatically in the rear realization of external force disappearance.

So far known, complete the actuating of electric control clutch C4 operating mode is switched, only need be in the mode of pulse braking, friction catch is once actuated ring 120, makes it relatively rotate angle of circumference S, afterwards, can transship and skid.Obviously, this friction catch independent of direction, to providing the device of braking force also without special structural requirement.And, the time of required friction catch, that is the conversion time of joint and separated operating mode, because meal compares in working speed and is proportional to the feature of angle of circumference S, and there is just ofer short duration feature of more fast less this period of braking.Undoubtedly, electric brake mechanism is the optimum device of realizing this friction catch, and simple, quick acting, without larger braking force, conveniently controls.

As shown in Fig. 7,9, the electrical actuator EM in the present embodiment is exactly such a electric brake mechanism.The fixed stop pawl 270 that is substantially U font of the EM of this mechanism, by unshowned engaging lug, the mode of locating/reforming axially to go up elasticity, non-rotatably be fixedly attached in unshowned frame, and together with movable stop pawl 274, be separately positioned on by the axial two ends of actuating the stop flange 121 that extends out of ring 120 outer radials.For improving braking force and reducing electromagnetism the suction-combining force, can be attached at least one in relevant rubbing surface possessing the material of larger friction factor or element optimal.Non-friction one end of stop pawl 270, is used as the secured core of electromagnetic mechanism.The axial projection of stop pawl 274 outer ends through the axial hole of this secured core, is fixedly linked with movable core 276 slidably.For example,, to be arranged at the mode of the axial projection 275 chimeric corresponding axial bores to stop pawl 274 in interference ground of movable core 276 the inners.

Significantly, if stop flange 121 is arranged to the tubular flange as shown in Figure 12,14 and 17, electrical actuator EM will can have the simple structure of axial restraint best.Should be pointed out that in passing, illustrate for convenience, the profile of not shown stop flange 121 in Figure 10.

Be set in one end of the Returnning spring 272 on movable core 276, conflict to the yoke 230 around secured core and movable core 276 settings, the other end, conflicts to being set in equally the packing ring 277 of reforming on movable core 276.The reform interior hole end surface of packing ring 277, axially conflicts to the radial flange of movable core 276 outer ends, axially conflicts to the internal face of the flange 279a of bounding means 278 in the outer radial projection/edge of the packing ring 277 of reforming.Be fixedly attached to the internal face of flange 279b of the bounding means 278 of stop pawl 270, axially conflict to the interior edge face outer rim of yoke 230.Like this, after braking, bounding means 278 all can guarantee that stop flange 121 equates with stop pawl 270 and 274 both sides' spacing, can not produce the friction of non-braking each time.And the movable core 276 that bounding means 278 limits and the free distance between secured core, be more than or equal to the axial freedom of stop flange 121 between stop pawl 274 and 270.

Arrange, above-mentioned electrical actuator EM has such effect.The friction brake force that the EM of Ji，Gai mechanism provides, is greater than and actuates ring 120 resistances from electric control clutch C4 inside that are subject to, and be less than power torque or the coherence torque that limiter element 180 transmits.That is to say, to the yoke 230 transmission pulsatile once formula electric energy of electrical actuator EM, consequently stop flange 121 of its friction catch, impels and actuates ring 120 relative limiter element 180 slewing circle round angle S, afterwards, just relatively actuates ring 120 frictions and trackslips.Best, should be after slewing circle round angle S power-off immediately to finish friction catch.For example, end face guide surface is arranged to in the circumferential two ends of groove 160 internal faces, just can utilizes and rotate moving axially of leading role generation, when turning over angle of circumference S, with known manner, touch a position limit switch being arranged in frame, thereby realize the object of timely power-off.

Therefore, the working procedure of electric control clutch C4 and method of operating are quite simple, as long as when it works, to electrical actuator EM, transmit pulsatile once electric current, cause its braking once, and the actuating that can complete an Engage and disengage operating mode is switched.So, the detailed description based on above-mentioned, this application has is necessity of repeat specification again unnecessarily.But must be pointed out that, the switching of this operating mode is controlled, must in the rotation status of electric control clutch C4, complete, in state of rest, can not complete this switching.This point is different from previous embodiment.And when as clutch, for producing retarding torque, stop flange 121 must be rotated relative to electrical actuator EM.That is, actuate ring 120 and should be coupled to best the members as torque source, namely as stop flange 121, basic limiter element 180 being set be torque input component but not torque output member, or limiter element 180 at least should be in rotary state.Certainly, as long as the ability that has active rotation or coherence to rotate is coupled to output member and is also fine.For example, while substituting the slipping toothed electromagnetic clutch in four high stand, its two ends are coupled respectively to the application scenarios of a motor.

Distinguishingly, also electrical actuator EM can be coupled to torque input component, for example, be coupled to friction member 70, and be connected to external power supply by slip ring.When the time comes, even if limiter element 180 transfixions, this modification of electric control clutch C4 all can be used as clutch, has the switching capability that can be activated at any time to realize Engage and disengage operating mode.

And be used as in the application of break at electric control clutch C4, there is not above-mentioned restriction.And, as above described in two basic patent applications of whole combination because limiter element 180 is non-rotatable, actuating mechanism AC now and electrical actuator EM just can more direct modes, circumferentially drive supporting element 220 to rotate.Even, when only needing one-way brake, can directly drive intermediate piece 90 to rotate.For example, by response to electromagnetic force or electrodynamic magnetic switch or stepper motor, directly drive tangential worm-and-wheel gear, linkage mechanism, the flexible rope draw-off mechanism arranging, or the eccentric groove mechanism of the present embodiment etc.Accordingly, the member being braked should be the friction member 70 in Fig. 7, and does not have the ability that overload is skidded.And wanting to obtain the stopping power that overload is skidded, the frictional connection device of its core and the first axle 200, should have the structure setting shown in Fig. 2.That is electric control clutch C1 when the break, has by axle just now to the overload of the taking turns ability of skidding.

Should be emphasized that, as mentioned above, the electrical actuator EM in Fig. 7 is only an example, and it can have the mechanism form in response to electromagnetic force or electrodynamic any appropriate, as long as it can provide the friction catch function that can skid after overload.For example, the hawkbill shape braking device with swivel pin being driven by electromagnetism the suction-combining force or motor torque.And, because be not the whole electric control clutch of braking C4 for example, but order about, actuate ring 120 and rotate an only angle of circumference S relative to limiter element 180, time only needs for example about 0.01 second, so the braking force that needs electrical actuator EM to provide is very little, power consumption is naturally small especially.

Embodiment five: circumferentially actuate space-like insertion type electric control clutch C5

As a simple variant of electric control clutch C4, electric control clutch C5 activates because only having in one direction operating mode the ability of switching, and makes structure have the simplification of part.Referring to Figure 12～13.

First, the guide groove 240 of eccentric guide groove mechanism is a nick shaped guide groove that radially extends to the arm of force 222 outer circumferential faces, and it is radially provided with the Spring Steel Wire 110 that outer radial extends in bottom, to substitute wall 242, and conflicts to eccentric spindle nose 44 all the time best.Therefore, can save Regulation spring 152, the elasticity of guaranteeing supporting element 220 enters wedge and rigidity is removed wedge.That is, the direction of the circumferential conflict of eccentric spindle nose 44 and Compress Spring steel wire 110, be the stepless supporting mechanism SS of actuating and set up the direction of described stepless support, and the direction of its rigid circumference conflict wall 244 is and causes stepless supporting mechanism SS to remove the direction of described stepless support.

Secondly, for the ring gear 280 that is provided with the gear teeth 282 being non-rotatably connected to the outer circumferential face of limiter element 180, actuating ring 120 and be set to rotationally on the exterior edge face of dish type end 188a.Actuate on the inner peripheral surface of the interior radial flange that encircles 120, be provided with the part gear teeth 34 that continue to be engaged to planetary pinion 40, on this flange, be evenly equipped with best the spacing hole that is circumferential extension 127 that is no less than two.Be provided with the position-limitting pin 190 of tail end flange, pass spacing hole 127 and be fixedly attached in the axial bore of 188a exterior edge face, dish type end, when axial restraint is actuated ring 120 rotationally, also define the latter's circumferential degrees of freedom.In the corresponding angle of circumference S1 of this circumferential degrees of freedom, the part gear teeth 34 can cause planetary pinion 40 just in time to complete relatively rotating of half cycle/180 degree, and cause the eccentric spindle nose 44 of synchronous rotation just in time to stop at one of two circumferential extreme position, thereby force supporting element 220 to set up or remove described stepless support.

Again, for in actuating ring 120 processes of circumferentially reforming, no longer drive eccentric spindle nose 44 to rotate, planetary pinion 40 is modified to empty set at the ratchet-type ring gear that is provided with the unidirectional interior ratchet of even number of planet axis 42 tail end flange 47 inner sides, pin shape ratchet 264 and preloading spring 266 with the unidirectional interior ratchet engagement of this ring gear, be arranged on the radial hole that is arranged in planet axis 42 outer circumferential faces.So actuating ring 120 can only in one direction, drive planet axis 42 to rotate by planetary pinion 40 and the engagement of the part gear teeth 34 and unidirectional interior ratchet, and can not drive in the opposite direction the latter to rotate.So the operative orientation of this single direction ratchet mechanism, determined the operative orientation of electric control clutch C5, that is electric control clutch C5 can switch the sense of rotation of operating mode.

Therefore, as previously mentioned, in the work rotation process of electric control clutch C5, as long as unshowned electrical actuator EM completes once the friction catch of stop flange 121 (referring to Figure 17), the actuating that just can complete an Engage and disengage operating mode is switched.The mechanism and the unshowned example that comprises Returnning spring 150 at least one spring groove formula is as shown in figure 17 reformed, will cause stop flange 121 self-returns.Obviously, the thought based on embodiment four, the groove of two circumferential extensions of this mechanism that reforms, is separately positioned on dish type end 188a and actuates on the competing end face of ring 120 both sides.

Embodiment six: circumferentially actuate space-like insertion type electric control clutch C6

As shown in Figure 14～16, electric control clutch C6 is also the modification to electric control clutch C4.

First, for realizing axle-shaft drive, set up the second axle 210 that is non-rotatably connected to tubular matrix 60 inner peripheral surfaces by flat key.For guaranteeing coaxality, on the interior edge face of the second axle 210, be provided with best the cylindric central protuberance 214 of coaxial line X, it is accommodated in the center hole 204 of the coaxial line X that is arranged in the first axle 200 interior edge faces, and best interval with rotatable needle roller 206.

Secondly, actuating mechanism AC is the composite mechanism that comprises a cotter way formula guide-bar mechanism and a disk cam mechanism.Wherein, the whole shaft-like matrix of the guide rod 20 in guide-bar mechanism, is slidably disposed on and is arranged in the straight guide groove 22 of radial mode benchmark supporting on end face 189, and gap is separated by supporting end face 224 best.Be positioned at the cam pin 26 of guide rod 20 radial outer ends, the earth's axis of can trackslipping is to extending in the circumferential cam path 254 of disc cam ring 250.Be positioned at the backing pin 24 of guide rod 20 radial inner end, in the same way and can trackslip the earth's axis to extend to be arranged in support end face 224 be roughly the switching guide groove 140 radially extending.Referring to Figure 15, the circumferential surface of the radial outside of switching guide groove 140, on a side wall surface of arrow R, is provided with the projection 142 that causes backing pin 24 to maintain circumferential blocked state constitutes.The radially inner side of this projection 142, is formed with the interior guide surface 144 that is connected to same side wall surface.Regulation spring 152 be arranged on rotate guide mechanism UG radially outside, one end head c is connected to the arm of force 75 or dish type end 188a, another termination d is connected to supporting element 220 or its arm of force 222.So, just can cause the relative friction member 70 of supporting element 220, bullet pulls to arrow P direction constantly, namely by opposed facing guide surface 64 and 234 towards the direction being mutually adjacent to constantly bullet draw.Certainly, cancel after Regulation spring 152, this effect also can be by for example backing pin 24 being arranged to have concurrently circumferential elasticity, and projection 142 is changed to the mode being located on opposite side wall obtain.

The disc cam ring 250 of disk cam mechanism, it is a stepped annulus being rotatably set on limiter element 180 outer circumferential faces, by its radial flange outer end radially in outside the tubulose inward flange 256 and the tubulose outward flange 258 that extend axially out respectively, when limiting circumferential cam path 254, outward flange 258 is also to conflict to the mode of the interior edge face of the radial flange 182 of dish type end 188a, and the leading thread of can trackslipping is to closing guide rod 20.Described cam path 254, is circumferentially evenly equipped with in each β radially extreme point IP and outer radial extreme point OP best with interlace mode, and the angle of circumference between its every two adjacent extreme points, namely pushes into or motion angle for return travel, is S1.For example, β=4 in Figure 15, S1=45 degree.Therefore, cam pin 26 every displacement between extreme point IP and OP once, all can drive a radially mobile lift height of backing pin 24, and by mobile guide effect, complete the once actuating to stepless supporting mechanism SS.

Every key element that the AC of Shang，Gai mechanism is set has such effect.; when cam pin 26 is positioned at the position shown in Figure 15; namely be positioned at one of cam path 254 radially during extreme point IP place; backing pin 24 is by accordingly in switching the radially inner side section of guide groove 140; and can not conflict best to two circumferential walls that switch guide groove 140; but the circumferential bullet of 152 pairs of supporting elements 220 of Regulation spring draws, but activated stepless supporting mechanism SS and caused electric control clutch C6 to enter joint/wedging state.And cam pin 26 radially rises in the rise of an outer radial extreme point OP of cam path 254, backing pin 24 by first radial interference to interior guide surface 144, again in the mode of mobile guide, order about the elastic force that supporting element 220 overcomes Regulation spring 152, and the surface friction drag that acts on guide surface 234 and support end face 224, along arrow R direction in Figure 15, relative to friction member 70, rotate, and then cause stepless supporting mechanism SS moment to lose axially support effect, the closed conflict of axial force of namely forcing to cancel described frictional connection mechanism connects, cause electric control clutch C6 separation/solution wedge.Afterwards, backing pin 24 will slide on the circumferential wall of projection 142, namely on its end face, to maintain constantly non-support operating mode/state of stepless supporting mechanism SS.

Obviously, switch guide groove 140 and also can radially reversally arrange, but shortcoming is that the relatively large solution wedge process of driving force not only can not be used centrifugal force, also will overcome extraly on the contrary the impact of this centrifugal force.

Again, for all can rotating relative to cam pin 26 by disc-shaped cam ring 250 on two circumferencial directions, actuating mechanism AC also comprises an adaptive bidirectional ratchet mechanism.This ratchet mechanism comprises, be arranged at the two-way ratchet 252 on cam ring 250 tubular matrix outer circumferential faces, for example axially extended rectangular cross-section tooth, is arranged at stepped at least one pair of ratchet 112 and 114 corresponding to different circumferencial directions of actuating on the ladder outer shroud that encircles 120, referring to Figure 14,16.On described ladder outer shroud, be provided with stop flange 121, and an accessory flange that is mainly used in supporting ratchet.Be arranged in regularly each pawl axis 116 at least one pair of corresponding axial bores of this two radial mode flanges, all, by a pair of ratchet 112 and 114 corresponding to varying cross-section, in the mode of axial series, radially fix rotationally.Be set in the unshowned torsion spring on the pawl axis 116 between a pair of ratchet 112 and 114, with two terminations, conflict respectively to the mode of this pair of ratchet radial outside, this pair of ratchet is suppressed respectively constantly to two-way ratchet 252.

For realizing the self adaption work ，Gai mechanism of bidirectional ratchet mechanism, also comprise a ratchet Option stage 290.As shown in Figure 14,16, the interior radial protrusion 296 of ratchet Option stage 290, can radially extend to axially slidably with complimentary fashion and be arranged in the corresponding recesses with entrance radially on the arm of force 75, and there is each other the axial freedom/gap that is more than or equal to δ '.Certainly, this groove also can have best axial entrance as illustrated in fig. 14.The end face of described protruding 296 radial outside, conflicts rotationally to the ladder-type interior edge face of actuating ring 120, conflicts rotationally to the exterior edge face of ring/tubular matrix in the ladder of disc cam ring 250, thereby be defined axial position in its other end.And the circular-arc matrix of ratchet Option stage 290, be arranged at rotationally two-way ratchet 252 and actuate ring 120 ladder outer shroud radially between, on this matrix, be provided with the sleeve configuration window 292 and 294 that circumferentially extends and correspond respectively to respectively ratchet 112 and 114 by its middle part to two ends.By these two windows 292 and 294 that are positioned on varying cross-section, ratchet 112 and 114 can be engaged to respectively two-way ratchet 252, and circumferentially conflicting to the circumferential wall 293 and 295 of two windows, relative to each self-corresponding window, rotate at least one angle of circumference S1.Obviously, owing to being positioned at different cross sections, actuate ring 120 rotating relative to limiter element 180, rotating relative to ratchet Option stage 290 namely, once can only cause adaptively ratchet in the same way in engagement, and reverse ratchet because not embedding corresponding window, and can only reciprocally slide once along the arc-shaped outer surface of ratchet Option stage 290.

Arrange, wholely enter wedge control mechanism and there is such effect.That is, the circumferential degrees of freedom of position-limitting pin 190 in the spacing hole 127 along circumferentially extending just in time equals the twice of S1, and in the joint of electric control clutch C6 or the steady working condition of separation, that is in non-activated state, it is the circumferential centre in spacing hole 127 just in time.Simultaneously, a pair of ratchet 112 and 114 is just in time in the center position shown in Figure 16, and the two-way ratchet 252 of conflicting respectively and can mesh to first, and conflicting to corresponding wall 293 or 295, all can drive two-way ratchet 252 to rotate an angle of circumference that is not less than S1.Wherein, angle of circumference S1 should just in time equal the integral multiple of two-way ratchet 252 circular pitches.

Therefore,, with the working procedure all fours of electric control clutch C4, method of operating is more just the same, equally when electric control clutch C6 works, to its electrical actuator EM, transmit pulsatile once electric current, cause its braking once, the actuating that can complete an Engage and disengage operating mode is switched.So the detailed description based on above, without its working procedure being repeated one time again.But it should be noted that, because trackslipping without the guiding type friction that overcomes elastic force, so with respect to electric control clutch C4, the required rigidity of Returnning spring 150 in electric control clutch C6, can be significantly little, thereby its trigger type power consumption that changes operating mode will be still less.

It is important to point out, during assembling, should first guide rod 20 together radially be entered to position in company with supporting element 220 members such as grade, afterwards, be inserted in successively again disc cam ring 250, ratchet Option stage 290, after locating Returnning spring 150, be finally inserted in and actuate ring 120 position-limitting pin 190 in place.Obviously, position-limitting pin 190, except limiting angle of circumference S1, also has the effect that axial restraint is actuated ring 120.

In addition, bidirectional ratchet mechanism also various type be the combined mechanism that comprises two face type single direction ratchet mechanisms.Wherein, a pair of ratchet 112 and 114 is modified to the single direction ratchet ring outwardly of the flank of tooth that is separated with spring between two.These two ratchet rings are when together following stop flange 121 synchronous rotation, reverse that ratchet mechanism wherein, itself and the ratchet Option stage 290 rotation guide mechanism between radially will be arranged on, the cotter way formula mechanism of for example circumferentially extending, axial compression is to losing engagement ability, thereby reforming while rotating and can not mesh.

Embodiment seven: circumferentially actuate space-like insertion type electric control clutch C7

Referring to Figure 17, electric control clutch C7 is the simple combination formula modification to electric control clutch C4 and C6.Be mainly in order to realize wheel-shaft type transmission of one-way only operation, and actuating mechanism AC and electrical actuator EM have been moved to its axial outer end.For this reason, actuate ring 120 and be modified on an outer circumferential face that is arranged on tubular flange 187, and by the stepped annulus of snap ring 184 axially locating.The spring groove formula that comprises Returnning spring 150 mechanism that reforms, be also arranged on actuate ring 120 and flange 187 radially between.The radial outside part of Returnning spring 150, is housed in the cascade groove that is communicated to interior edge face 300 of actuating ring inner peripheral surface in ring 120 ladders.Extend axially to the position-limitting pin 190 in this open recess 300, match with the circumferential wall of this groove 300, the circumferential degrees of freedom of actuating ring 120 is defined as to angle of circumference S1.

In order to drive in a stepwise manner relay ring gear 30 one-way rotation, the single direction ratchet of single direction ratchet mechanism is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of relay ring gear 30, at least one circumferential uniform ratchet 112 is arranged on the corresponding circumferentially extended breach that is arranged in the ladder ring interior edge face of actuating ring 120, its unshowned spring, springs for example, be arranged between the back side of ratchet 112 and the outer circumferential face of flange 187, and in company with described breach reciprocating trackslipping together.Axially upper, ratchet 112 is together with relay ring gear 30, and the stepped interior edge face that is all actuated ring 120 can trackslip and limit.Meanwhile, by the unidirectional ratchet of inner peripheral surface, relay ring gear 30 can trackslip leading thread to being supported on the outer circumferential face encircling in the ladder of actuating ring 120.

Working procedure and the method for operating of electric control clutch C7 are quite analogous to, the braking of uniaxially pulsed, no longer repeat specification here.

Below be only to the present invention is directed to description and the diagram that its limited embodiment gives; there is particularity to a certain degree; but it should be understood that; mentioned embodiment and accompanying drawing be the object for illustrating only all; and be not used in, limit the present invention and protection domain thereof; its various variations, the layout that is equal to, exchanges and change structure or each member, all will be considered to not be separated from the spirit and scope of the present invention's design.

Claims (8)

1. a spatial-wedging electric control clutch, comprising:

Around an axis revolution and at least one traction friction mechanism that can axial engagement, it has the intermediate piece that is at least roughly ring-type and the friction member that turns round and be provided with rubbing surface around described axis, to transmit friction torque between this two member;

For described traction friction mechanism provide engaging force and around described axis rotating at least one rotate guide mechanism, it has the guiding element that is at least roughly ring-type and the described intermediate piece that turns round and be provided with corresponding guide surface around described axis; And

In response to electrical signal enter wedge control mechanism, it conciliates wedge by operationally controlling the wedge that enters of described intermediate piece, to control the Engage and disengage of described electric control clutch;

When described guiding element and described friction member can be driven while connecting into a friction piece by described intermediate piece, the lift angle λ at the mutual conflict position between described guiding element and described intermediate piece both sides' described guide surface, be greater than zero and be less than or equal to ξ,, 0 < λ≤ξ, wherein, ξ is the maximum value that can make the described lift angle λ of the guiding friction pair self-locking that is formed at described conflict position.

2. by electric control clutch claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:

Also comprise at least one limiter element; And

In described guiding element, described intermediate piece and described friction member one at the most, is at least by non-rotatable Placement, to include the force-closed formula compostle member of described limiter element, with the closed conflict of axial force of setting up each other, connects.

3. by the electric control clutch described in claim 1～2 any one, it is characterized in that: described in enter wedge control mechanism and comprise

Around described axis, be arranged on the stepless supporting mechanism between supported and described limiter element, it has around described axis setting and is at least the roughly supporting element of ring-type, this supporting element is by axially conflicting and rotating two kinds of Placements of guiding, be connected to respectively described limiter element and described supported, and can rotate the mode of guiding, axially infinitely push away described supported, thereby set up described limiter element, be connected with the closed conflict of axial force between described guiding element, described intermediate piece and described friction member;

Be arranged on the actuating mechanism on described limiter element, it can drive and be connected to described supporting element and described limiter element, with manner of actuation, cause described supporting element to rotate relative to described supported, thereby cause described stepless supporting mechanism to set up and cancel the closed conflict of described axial force and be connected; And

Electrical actuator, it,, in the mode of response electrical signal, operably activates described actuating mechanism, makes it complete it and actuates action;

Wherein

Described supported is that being non-rotatably connected with described limiter element in described guiding element, described intermediate piece and described friction member;

The circumferential degrees of freedom of the relatively described limiter element of described supporting element, at least greatly to causing described stepless supporting mechanism can set up the degree that the closed conflict of described axial force connects.

4. by the electric control clutch described in claim 1～3 any one, it is characterized in that: described actuating mechanism comprises actuates ring, and this ring is connected to described limiter element actively.

5. by electric control clutch claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described electrical actuator is moved in response to electromagnetic force or electric power.

6. by electric control clutch claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that:

Described electrical actuator is an electromagnetic mechanism that comprises armature, and it is actuated the relatively described limiter element of ring described in directly causing with electromagnetism the suction-combining force and moves axially.

7. by electric control clutch claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described electrical actuator is a friction type electric brake mechanism, it is actuated ring and circumferentially rotates relative to described limiter element in the mode of friction catch described in causing.

8. by the electric control clutch described in claim 4～7 any one, it is characterized in that: described actuating mechanism comprises at least one Returnning spring, it is actuated described in being at least indirectly arranged between ring and described limiter element, in order to actuate the working position of ring while automatically restoring to non-activated state described in ordering about.

Images