CN103516654B - Frequency offset estimation method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a frequency offset estimation method and a frequency offset estimation system and belongs to the field of communication. The method comprises the following steps that: user equipment transmits single carrier frequency division multiplexing signals on physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resources through using a predetermined resource mapping mode, wherein the predetermined resource mapping mode does not contain time domain code division multiplexing; and a base station estimates a frequency offset value through using phase difference between symbols in the received single carrier frequency division multiplexing signals, wherein the symbols transmit identical signals. According to the frequency offset estimation method and the frequency offset estimation system of the invention, the single carrier frequency division multiplexing signals are transmitted on the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resources through using the resource mapping mode that does not contain the time domain code division multiplexing, and therefore, the base station side can perform frequency offset estimation according to the received signals of a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), and can perform frequency offset adjustment according to frequency offset estimation results, and as a result, the demodulation performance of the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and operational stability of the system can be enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a frequency offset estimation method and system.
Background
In a wireless communication system, due to the Frequency difference between a transmitting device and a receiving device, the doppler shift caused by the movement of the transmitting device, and other influences, a Frequency Offset (Frequency Offset) is generated between the Frequency of the local crystal oscillator and the Frequency of the carrier Frequency received by the receiving device.
Specifically, in an LTE (Long Term Evolution) system, when Uplink transmission is implemented, when a UE (User Equipment) serving as a transmitting device transmits Uplink signaling or Uplink data to a base station serving as a receiving device by using a PUCCH (Physical Uplink control Channel) and a PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), the base station needs to perform frequency offset estimation on the UE. The frequency offset estimation is generally performed using the following properties: for two OFDM (orthogonal frequency Division multiplexing) symbols transmitting the same signal, if a fixed frequency offset exists, a fixed phase difference exists between two OFDM received symbols. Based on the above properties, the frequency offset estimation method in the prior art mainly includes: firstly, a base station acquires two pilot symbols which are separated by a preset time interval in a PUSCH as two symbols for sending the same signal; second, the base station estimates the frequency offset based on the phase difference between the two pilot symbols.
In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following problems: in the prior art, a base station mainly utilizes a PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel) to perform frequency offset estimation, and when only PUCCH scheduling exists and PUSCH scheduling does not exist in a period of time, the base station cannot utilize the PUSCH to perform frequency offset estimation. At this time, if the UE is in a high-speed moving scene (for example, the user uses the UE in a high-speed rail car running at a high speed), since the base station side cannot perform frequency offset estimation and the doppler shift in the actual scene is large, the demodulation performance of the PUCCH by the base station side is seriously degraded, and even the UE needs to re-access the system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of frequency offset estimation when UE is in a high-speed scene and only PUCCH scheduling exists for a long time, the embodiment of the invention provides a frequency offset estimation method and a frequency offset estimation system. The technical scheme is as follows:
according to an aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides a frequency offset estimation method, where the method includes:
user equipment sends a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal on physical uplink control channel resources by using a preset resource mapping mode, wherein the preset resource mapping mode does not include time domain code division multiplexing;
and the base station estimates a frequency offset value by using the phase difference between the symbols which send the same signal in the received single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal.
According to another aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides a frequency offset estimation system, including:
the user equipment is used for sending a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal on the physical uplink control channel resource by utilizing a preset resource mapping mode, wherein the preset resource mapping mode does not comprise time domain code division multiplexing;
and the base station is used for estimating a frequency offset value by utilizing the phase difference between the symbols which transmit the same signal in the received single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal is sent on the PUCCH resource by using a resource mapping mode without time domain code division multiplexing, so that the base station side can estimate a frequency offset value according to the phase difference between symbols sending the same signal in the single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal received on the PUCCH resource, the problem that the base station side cannot effectively perform frequency offset estimation when the UE is in a high-speed scene and only PUCCH scheduling exists for a long time is solved, and the effects of performing frequency offset estimation according to the received signal of the PUCCH, performing frequency offset adjustment according to the frequency offset estimation result and increasing the demodulation performance aiming at the PUCCH and the system operation stability are achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method of estimating frequency offset according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method of estimating frequency offset according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3A to 3D are schematic diagrams of frequency estimation of a first manner and a second manner, respectively, according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method of estimating frequency offset according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5A to 5D are schematic diagrams of frequency estimation of a first manner and a second manner provided by a third embodiment of the present invention, respectively;
fig. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a frequency offset estimation system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of a user equipment according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of a base station according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a block diagram of another structure of a base station according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a block diagram of another structure of a base station according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a block diagram of another structure of a user equipment according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a block diagram of another structure of a base station according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a block diagram of another structure of a base station according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a block diagram of another structure of a base station according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
According to the current LTE protocol, the PUCCH is designed with multiple formats, such as 1/1a/1b/2/2a/2b/3, for transmitting different types of uplink control signaling. Only Format 1/1a/1b and Format 3 are referred to herein. The transmission scheme of the existing PUCCH format 1/1a/1b comprises the following steps: the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource is distinguished by different CS (Cyclic Shift) sequences and OC (orthogonal) codes on the same time-frequency resource. The reason why the base station cannot perform frequency offset estimation using the received signal in PUCCH format 1/1a/1b is to use OC code for code division multiplexing to distinguish different users. And the existing PUCCH format 3 transmission scheme includes: different CS sequences are used for pilot symbols to distinguish users and different OC codes are used for data symbols to distinguish users. Since the data symbols are code division multiplexed by using the OC code, the base station side can only perform frequency offset estimation by using the pilot symbols in the received signal of the PUCCH format 3, but cannot perform frequency offset estimation by using the data symbols, so that the frequency offset estimation accuracy is low. The two reasons are that when the UE is in a high-speed scenario and only PUCCH scheduling exists for a long time, the base station cannot perform effective frequency offset estimation. For this reason, one of the major points and difficulties in this document is: on the premise of keeping the existing transmission protocol unchanged as much as possible, the link of time domain code division multiplexing by using the OC code is cancelled, so that the base station side can carry out frequency offset estimation according to the received signal of the PUCCH. Refer specifically to the following examples:
example one
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of a method for estimating a frequency offset according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The frequency offset estimation method can comprise the following steps:
step 101, user equipment sends a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal on physical uplink control channel resources by using a predetermined resource mapping mode, wherein the predetermined resource mapping mode does not include time domain code division multiplexing;
the user equipment may transmit an SC-FDMA (single-carrier frequency division multiplexing) Signal on PUCCH resources using a predetermined resource mapping scheme that does not include time-domain code division multiplexing. The PUCCH resources include PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resources and/or PUCCH format 3 resources. The single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal comprises a data symbol and a pilot symbol.
Step 102, the base station estimates a frequency offset value by using a phase difference between symbols transmitting the same signal in the received single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal.
Since the single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal transmitted by the user equipment does not include a signal subjected to time-domain code division multiplexing, the base station may receive the single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal transmitted by the user equipment and estimate a frequency offset value according to a phase difference between symbols transmitting the same signal in the single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal.
In summary, in the frequency offset estimation method provided in this embodiment, a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal is sent on a PUCCH resource by using a resource mapping manner that does not include time domain code division multiplexing, so that a base station side can estimate a frequency offset value according to a phase difference between symbols that send the same signal in the single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal received on the PUCCH resource, and a problem that the base station side cannot perform frequency offset estimation when a UE is in a high-speed scene and only PUCCH scheduling exists for a long time is solved, so that the base station side can perform frequency offset estimation according to a received signal of the PUCCH, and perform frequency offset adjustment according to a frequency offset estimation result, so as to increase demodulation performance for the PUCCH and system operation stability.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, a flowchart of a frequency offset estimation method according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, taking the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b transmission scheme as an example for description, the frequency offset estimation method may include:
firstly, a UE side processing process;
step 201, when the physical uplink control channel resource is a PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource, calculating cyclic shift sequences respectively corresponding to a data symbol and a pilot symbol according to a PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource index;
the base station can allocate PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resources to the user equipment, at which time, the user equipment can obtain a resource index indicating which PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource to map toNon-negative index valueIndicating the resources used for transmission of PUCCH format 1/1a/1b in at most one physical resource block in one slot. Since the cyclic shift varies according to different symbols and slots, for this reason, the resource index is 1/1a/1b according to the PUCCH formatCalculating a cyclic shift sequence CSSpecifically, the following is made:
wherein,in order to shift the interval of the optical disc,in order to shift the number of bits,is the size of a resource block in the frequency domain and is expressed in the form of subcarriers.
The resource flag to which the two resource fast medium PUCCHs in the two slots of one subframe are mapped is given by: when n issmod2=0, with:
when n issmod2=1, with:
wherein n issIs a time slot number, and is a time slot number,for normal CP d =2, for extended CPd = 0. Cyclic shift of CS sequence corresponding to data symbolComprises the following steps:
byObtaining CS sequences corresponding to the data symbols The generation is as follows:
on the other hand, the pilot symbols correspond to cyclic shifts of the CS sequenceComprises the following steps:
byObtaining the corresponding CS sequence The generation method is the same as formula (1).
Step 202, performing spread spectrum on the pilot symbols and the data symbols according to the cyclic shift sequence to obtain spread spectrum signals;
the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource is mainly used for the UE to feed back the reception situation, i.e., ACK (Acknowledgement)/NACK (Non-Acknowledgement) information, to the base station.
Let the modulation symbol of ACK/NACK be d0The signal after being spread by the CS sequence can be expressed asThe specific calculation is as follows:
m'=0,1
step 203, generating a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal according to the spread signal;
spread spectrum signalThe single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal is generated by subcarrier mapping, IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform), and CP (Cyclic prefix), which is a prior art, and reference may be made to relevant sections of 3GPP protocol 36.211 for details that are not disclosed.
Step 204, the single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal is sent to the base station by using the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource.
The calculation method of the physical resource block PRB where the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b is located is as follows:
then the base station side processing process is carried out;
step 205, processing the received single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal to obtain a received signal;
after receiving a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal transmitted by user equipment, the base station side needs to perform CP removal, FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) conversion, demapping, and the like to obtain a received signal. In particular:
under the assumption of a normal CP, N is the number of FFT points, and the CP length is Ng，Ns＝N+NgNumber of SC-FDMA symbols contained in one downlink slotAssuming no multipath, ideal timing, and white Gaussian noise, the frequency offset of user m is set tomeNB noise of n1(n)。
The received single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal can be expressed as:
Am，lfor the signal after spreadingAnd carrying out signal after subcarrier mapping. The received single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal is de-CP and FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) transformed, and then the received signal on each subcarrier can be expressed as:
wherein, Il(k) Indicating inter-user-carrier interference, ul(k) Representing inter-user interference and noise, α (k) represents the attenuation coefficient of the signal on the subcarrier induced by the residual frequency offset, α (k) → 1 since the residual synchronization error is small.
Step 206, despreading the received signal by using the cyclic shift sequence to obtain a despread signal;
the calculation manner of the cyclic shift sequence can be referred to the above steps. And after multi-user despreading, obtaining a despread signal:
wherein,
for PUCCH format 1/1a/1b, under normal CP, one subframe includes two slots, each slot including seven symbols. The 1 st, 2 nd, 6 th and 7 th symbols in each slot are data symbols d0The 3 rd, 4 th and 5 th symbols in each slot are pilot symbols 1.
Step 207, estimating the frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between the pilot symbols and/or data symbols transmitting the same signal in the despread signal.
If it is the first1And l2Sending the same S at the same timem，lThen it corresponds to Bm，lWith a fixed phase difference, frequency offset estimation can be performed using the phase difference. According to Sm，lDifferent choices are provided, and the present embodiment provides 2 frequency offset estimation methods, which are described below according to different CPs:
under the normal CP frame structureOne subframe includes two slots, each of which includes seven symbols. The 1 st, 2 nd, 6 th and 7 th symbols in each slot are data symbols d0The 3 rd, 4 th and 5 th symbols in each slot are pilot symbols 1.
In the first way, the phase difference between adjacent pilot symbols and/or adjacent data symbols in the despread signal is used to estimate the frequency offset estimate.
Please refer to fig. 3A, which shows a schematic diagram of frequency estimation in a first manner provided in the present embodiment. The figure shows an example of only one time slot, another time slot having the same structure. Wherein the phase difference between adjacent data symbols and adjacent pilot symbols may be used to estimate the frequency offset estimate. In particular:
for a PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource, let C denote the set of all adjacent pilot symbols and data symbols, the frequency offset estimate for user m can be obtained by the following expression:
a second mode, estimating a first frequency offset estimation value by using a phase difference between adjacent pilot symbols and/or adjacent data symbols in the despread signal; estimating a second frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between data symbols with the interval of 5 in the despread signals; and estimating a final frequency offset estimation value according to the first frequency offset estimation value and the second frequency offset estimation value.
Please refer to fig. 3B, which shows a schematic diagram of frequency estimation in a second manner provided in the present embodiment. The second way is a way of combining the estimation of 'coarse frequency offset + fine frequency offset'. That is, in order to improve the frequency offset estimation accuracy, first, a coarse frequency offset estimation may be performed by using adjacent pilot symbols and/or adjacent data symbols, as shown in the first figure, and then, a fine frequency offset estimation may be performed by using data symbols spaced by 5 symbols, as shown in the second figure, and finally, an actual frequency offset estimation value is obtained through filtering.
Specifically, for one PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource, let C1Representing all adjacent sets of pilot symbols and data symbols, C2Representing a set of data symbols spaced apart by 5 symbols, a first frequency offset estimate for user m may be obtained using the following expression:
the second frequency offset estimate for user m may be obtained using the following expression:
the final frequency offset estimate for user m may be expressed as:
m＝αm，1+m，2
wherein alpha is more than 0 and less than 1.
In another aspect, under the extended CP frame structure, one subframe includes two slots, each slot including six symbols. The 1 st, 2 nd, 5 th and 6 th symbols in each slot are data symbols d0The 3 rd and 4 th symbols in each slot are pilot symbols 1.
In the first way, the phase difference between adjacent pilot symbols and/or adjacent data symbols in the despread signal is used to estimate the frequency offset estimate.
Please refer to fig. 3C, which shows a schematic diagram of frequency estimation in a first manner provided in the present embodiment. The figure shows an example of only one time slot, another time slot having the same structure. Wherein the phase difference between adjacent data symbols and adjacent pilot symbols may be used to estimate the frequency offset estimate. The corresponding formula can refer to the above.
A second mode, estimating a first frequency offset estimation value by using a phase difference between adjacent pilot symbols and/or adjacent data symbols in the despread signal; estimating a second frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between data symbols with the interval of 5 in the despread signals; and estimating a final frequency offset estimation value according to the first frequency offset estimation value and the second frequency offset estimation value.
Please refer to fig. 3D, which shows a schematic diagram of frequency estimation in a second manner provided in the present embodiment. The second way is a way of combining the estimation of 'coarse frequency offset + fine frequency offset'. That is, in order to improve the frequency offset estimation accuracy, first, coarse frequency offset estimation may be performed by using adjacent pilot symbols and/or adjacent data symbols, as shown in the diagram c, and then, fine frequency offset estimation may be performed by using data symbols spaced by 4 symbols, as shown in the diagram c, and finally, an actual frequency offset estimation value is obtained through filtering. The corresponding formula can refer to the above.
It should be added that the meanings of letters or expressions not explicitly indicated herein can be referred to in the relevant section of 3GPP protocol 36.211. This is a part of the knowledge of those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.
In summary, in the frequency offset estimation method provided in this embodiment, a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal is sent on the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource by using a resource mapping manner that does not include time domain code division multiplexing, so that the base station side can estimate a frequency offset value according to a phase difference between symbols that send the same signal in the single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal received on the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource, and a problem that the base station side cannot perform frequency offset estimation when the UE is in a high-speed scene and only PUCCH scheduling exists for a long time is solved, thereby achieving an effect that the base station side can perform frequency offset estimation according to a received signal of the PUCCH and perform frequency offset adjustment according to a frequency offset estimation result, so as to increase demodulation performance for the PUCCH and system operation stability.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 4, a flowchart of a method for estimating a frequency offset according to a third embodiment of the present invention is shown. The present embodiment is described by taking a PUCCH format 3 transmission scheme as an example, and the frequency offset estimation method may include:
step 401, when the physical uplink control channel resource is a PUCCH format 3 resource, calculating a cyclic shift sequence corresponding to a pilot symbol according to a PUCCH format 3 resource index;
for PUCCH format 3, in the prior art, OC codes are used to distinguish different users to implement multiplexing, and in this embodiment, an OC code multiplexing link is eliminated, and one resource block is only used to transmit data of one user.
The base station may allocate PUCCH format 3 resources to the user equipment, and at this time, the user equipment may obtain a resource index. Setting PUCCH format 3 resource indexCS sequence corresponding to pilot frequency symbolThe generation method is as follows:
then byGeneratingThe generation is as follows:
step 402, performing spread spectrum but not frequency division multiplexing on the pilot symbol according to the cyclic shift sequence to obtain a spread pilot symbol; carrying out discrete Fourier transform after multiplying the data symbol by a preset phase to obtain a data symbol after Fourier transform;
the part for spreading the pilot frequency symbol according to the cyclic shift sequence is not repeated, and the pilot frequency symbol does not need to be subjected to frequency division multiplexing at the moment because only the data of one user is transmitted. For data symbols:
let d (0) be the data symbol after code modulation. D (M)symb-1)，For data symbol and predetermined phaseMultiplication, let:
wherein, then, DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) Transform is performed to obtain Fourier-transformed data symbols:
step 403, generating a single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal according to the pilot symbols after spreading and the data symbols after fourier transform;
the single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal is generated through sub-carrier mapping, IFFT transformation, and CP addition, and this step is prior art, and reference may be made to relevant section of 3GPP protocol 36.211 for details that are not disclosed.
Step 404, transmitting the single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal to the base station by using PUCCH format 3 resource. The calculation method of the physical resource block PRB in which the PUCCH format 3 is located is as follows:
the following is the base station side processing process;
step 405, processing the received single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal to obtain a received signal;
after receiving a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal transmitted by user equipment, the base station side needs to perform CP removal, FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) conversion, demapping, and the like to obtain a received signal. In particular:
assuming that under the conventional CP, let N be the number of FFT points, CP length be Ng，Ns＝N+Ng，Assuming no multipath, ideal timing, and white Gaussian noise, the frequency offset of user m is set tomeNB noise of n1(n)。
The received single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal can be expressed as:
wherein A ism，lIs a signalAnd carrying out signal after subcarrier mapping. At this time, one resource block only contains data of one user, the received data of the resource block where the user is located only contains information of the user, and the subcarrier set where the user m is located is set as BmAt this time, the received signal includes:
step 406, correlating the pilot frequency position in the received signal by using the cyclic shift sequence to obtain a correlated pilot frequency symbol; the data positions in the received signal are multiplied by the conjugate of the predetermined phase to obtain the correlated data symbols.
For pilot positions in the received signal, the corresponding cyclically shifted sequences can still be utilizedAnd carrying out correlation demodulation to obtain a pilot frequency symbol after correlation. Using predetermined phases for data positions in a received signalThe conjugate of (a) is multiplied to obtain the correlated data symbol. I.e. by Cm，lTo Rl(k) Is subjected to treatment Cm，lThe method comprises the following specific steps:
wherein, （（k）mod12）。
for PUCCH format 3, under normal CP, one subframe includes two slots, each slot including seven symbols. The 1 st, 3 rd, 4 th, 5 th, and 7 th symbols in each slot are data symbols, and the 2 nd and 6 th symbols in each slot are pilot symbols.
Step 407, estimate the frequency offset estimation value using the phase difference between the pilot symbols and/or data symbols transmitting the same signal.
If it is the first1And l2Time of day transmission phaseAnd if the same signal is received, the corresponding symbol has a fixed phase difference, and the phase difference can be used for carrying out frequency offset estimation. According to the difference of the same signal selection, the present embodiment provides 2 frequency offset estimation methods, which are described below according to different CPs:
under the normal CP, one subframe includes two slots each including seven symbols. The 1 st, 3 rd, 4 th, 5 th, and 7 th symbols in each slot are data symbols, and the 2 nd and 6 th symbols in each slot are pilot symbols.
In a first approach, the phase difference between pilot symbols spaced apart by 4 and/or data symbols spaced apart by 4 is used to estimate the frequency offset estimate.
Please refer to fig. 5A, which shows a schematic diagram of frequency estimation in a first manner provided in the present embodiment. Wherein the phase difference between the data symbols spaced apart by 4 and the pilot symbols spaced apart by 4 may be used to estimate the frequency offset estimate. In particular, the method of manufacturing a semiconductor device,
for a PUCCH format 3 resource, let C denote all sets of pilot symbols and data symbols with an interval of 4, and the frequency offset estimation value of user m can be obtained by the following expression:
wherein,
wherein, （（k）mod12）。
a second way, estimating a third frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between the data symbols with the interval of 2; estimating a fourth frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between the pilot frequency symbols with the interval of 4 and/or the data symbols with the interval of 4; and estimating a final frequency offset estimation value according to the third frequency offset estimation value and the fourth frequency offset estimation value.
Please refer to fig. 5B, which shows a schematic diagram of frequency estimation in a second manner provided in the present embodiment. The second way is a way of combining the estimation of 'coarse frequency offset + fine frequency offset'. That is, in order to improve the frequency offset estimation accuracy, first, data symbols with an interval of 2 may be used to perform coarse frequency offset estimation, as shown in (i) in the figure, and then pilot symbols and/or data symbols with an interval of 4 symbols may be used to perform fine frequency offset estimation, as shown in (ii) in the figure, and finally, an actual frequency offset estimation value is obtained through filtering. In particular:
for one PUCCH format 3 resource, let C1Denotes the set of all intervals 2, C2Representing a data set spaced 4 symbols apart, the third frequency offset estimate for user m may be obtained using the following expression:
the fourth frequency offset estimate for user m may be obtained using the following expression:
wherein,
wherein, （（k）mod12）。
the final frequency offset estimate for user m may be expressed as:
m＝αm，1+m，2
wherein alpha is more than 0 and less than 1.
Under the extended CP, one subframe includes two slots, each of which includes six symbols. The 1 st, 2 nd, 3 th, 5 th and 6 th symbols in each slot are data symbols, and the 4 th symbol in each slot is a pilot symbol.
In the first way, the phase difference between data symbols at interval 4 is used to estimate the frequency offset estimation value.
Please refer to fig. 5C, which shows a schematic diagram of frequency estimation in a first manner provided in the present embodiment. Wherein the phase difference between the data symbols at interval 2 may be used to estimate the frequency offset estimate.
A second way, estimating a third frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between the data symbols with the interval of 2; estimating a fourth frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between the data symbols with the interval of 4; and estimating a final frequency offset estimation value according to the third frequency offset estimation value and the fourth frequency offset estimation value.
Please refer to fig. 5D, which shows a schematic diagram of frequency estimation in a second manner provided in the present embodiment. The second way is a way of combining the estimation of 'coarse frequency offset + fine frequency offset'. That is, in order to improve the frequency offset estimation accuracy, first, data symbols with an interval of 2 may be used to perform coarse frequency offset estimation, as shown in the diagram c, and then data symbols with an interval of 4 symbols may be used to perform fine frequency offset estimation, as shown in the diagram c, and finally, an actual frequency offset estimation value is obtained through filtering.
In summary, in the frequency offset estimation method provided in this embodiment, a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal is sent on a PUCCH resource by using a resource mapping manner that does not include time domain code division multiplexing, so that a base station side can estimate a frequency offset value according to a phase difference between symbols that send the same signal in the single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal received on the PUCCH resource, and a problem that the base station side cannot perform frequency offset estimation when a UE is in a high-speed scene and only PUCCH scheduling exists for a long time is solved, so that the base station side can perform frequency offset estimation according to a received signal of the PUCCH, and perform frequency offset adjustment according to a frequency offset estimation result, so as to increase demodulation performance for the PUCCH and system operation stability.
Example four
Referring to fig. 6, a block diagram of a frequency offset estimation system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown. The frequency offset estimation system includes user equipment 620 and base station 640.
The user equipment 620 is configured to send a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal on the physical uplink control channel resource by using a predetermined resource mapping manner, where the predetermined resource mapping manner does not include time domain code division multiplexing;
the base station 640 is configured to estimate a frequency offset value by using a phase difference between symbols transmitting the same signal in the received single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal;
the single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal comprises a data symbol and a pilot symbol.
When the physical uplink control channel resource is a PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource,
specifically, the user equipment 620 may specifically include: a first calculation module 622, a first spreading module 624, a first generation module 626 and a first transmission module 628, as shown in fig. 7. Wherein. The first calculating module 622 is configured to calculate cyclic shift sequences respectively corresponding to the data symbols and the pilot symbols according to the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource index when the physical uplink control channel resource is a PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource; the first spreading module 624 is configured to perform spreading on the pilot symbols and the data symbols according to the cyclic shift sequence to obtain spread signals; the first generating module 626 is configured to generate a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal according to the spread signal; the first transmitting module 628 is configured to transmit the single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal to the base station 640 using PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resources.
Specifically, the base station 640 may specifically include: a first processing module 642, a first despreading module 644 and a first estimation module 646 as shown in fig. 8. The first processing module 642 is configured to process the received single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal to obtain a received signal; the first despreading module 644 is configured to despread the received signal with the cyclic shift sequence to obtain a despread signal; the first estimation module 646 is used for estimating a frequency offset estimation value using a phase difference between pilot symbols and/or data symbols of a despread signal that transmitted the same signal.
Further, the first estimation module 646 may specifically include: the neighbor estimation unit 646a, as shown in FIG. 9. The adjacent estimation unit 646a is configured to calculate a frequency offset estimation value by using a phase difference between adjacent pilot symbols and/or adjacent data symbols of the despread signal, which transmit the same signal.
Alternatively, the first estimation module 646 may specifically include: a first coarse estimation unit 646b, a first fine estimation unit 646c and a first filtering unit 646d, as shown in fig. 10. Wherein, the first rough estimation unit 646b is configured to calculate a first frequency offset estimation value by using a phase difference between adjacent pilot symbols and/or adjacent data symbols transmitting the same signal in the despread signal; the first fine estimation unit 646c is configured to estimate a second frequency offset estimation value using a phase difference between data symbols having an interval of 5 in the despread signal when the CP frame structure is normal; or, when expanding the CP frame structure, estimating a second frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between data symbols with an interval of 4in the despread signal; the first filtering unit 646d is configured to estimate a final frequency offset estimation value according to the first frequency offset estimation value and the second frequency offset estimation value.
When the physical uplink control channel resource is a PUCCH format 3 resource,
specifically, the user equipment 620 may specifically include: a second calculating module 621, a second spreading module 623a, a discrete transform module 623b, a second generating module 625 and a second transmitting module 627, as shown in fig. 11. The second calculating module 621 is configured to calculate a cyclic shift sequence corresponding to the pilot symbol according to the PUCCH format 3 resource index when the physical uplink control channel resource is a PUCCH format 3 resource; the second spreading module 623a is configured to perform spreading but not frequency division multiplexing on the pilot symbol according to the cyclic shift sequence to obtain a spread pilot symbol; the discrete transform module 623b is configured to perform discrete fourier transform after multiplying the data symbol by a predetermined phase, so as to obtain a data symbol after fourier transform; the second generating module 625 is configured to generate a single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal according to the pilot symbols after spreading and the data symbols after fourier transform; the second sending module 627 is configured to send the single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal to the base station using PUCCH format 3 resource.
Specifically, the base station 640 may specifically include: a second processing module 641, a pilot processing module 643a, a data processing module 643b, and a second estimation module 645, as shown in fig. 12. The second processing module 641 is configured to process the received single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal to obtain a received signal; the pilot processing module 643a is configured to correlate a pilot position in the received signal with a cyclic shift sequence to obtain a correlated pilot symbol; the data processing module 643b is configured to multiply a data position in the received signal by using a conjugate of a predetermined phase to obtain a correlated data symbol; the second estimation block 645 is used to estimate the frequency offset estimate using the phase difference between pilot symbols and/or data symbols transmitting the same signal.
Further, the second estimation module 645 may specifically include: the interval estimation unit 645a, as shown in fig. 13. The interval estimation unit 645a is configured to estimate a frequency offset estimation value by using a phase difference between pilot symbols with an interval of 4 and/or data symbols with an interval of 4 when the CP frame structure is normal; or when the CP frame structure is extended, a frequency offset estimation value is estimated using a phase difference between data symbols at an interval of 4.
The second estimation block 645 may specifically include: a second coarse estimation unit 645b, a second fine estimation unit 645c, and a second filtering unit 645d, as shown in fig. 14. The second rough estimation unit 645b is configured to estimate a third frequency offset estimation value according to the phase difference between the data symbols with the interval 2; the second fine estimation unit 645c is configured to estimate a fourth frequency offset estimation value using a phase difference between pilot symbols with an interval of 4 and/or data symbols with an interval of 4 when the CP frame structure is normal; or, when the CP frame structure is expanded, estimating a fourth frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between data symbols with the interval of 4; the second filtering unit 645d is configured to estimate a final frequency offset estimation value according to the third frequency offset estimation value and the fourth frequency offset estimation value.
In summary, in the frequency offset estimation system provided in this embodiment, a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal is sent on a PUCCH resource by using a resource mapping manner that does not include time domain code division multiplexing, so that a base station side can calculate a frequency offset value according to a phase difference between symbols sending the same signal in the single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal received on the PUCCH resource, and a problem that the base station side cannot perform frequency offset estimation when a UE is in a high-speed scene and only PUCCH scheduling exists for a long time is solved, so that the base station side can perform frequency offset estimation according to a received signal of the PUCCH, and perform frequency offset adjustment according to a frequency offset estimation result, so as to increase demodulation performance for the PUCCH and system operation stability.
It should be noted that: in the frequency offset estimation system provided in the foregoing embodiment, only the division of the functional modules is used for illustration in frequency offset estimation, and in practical application, the function allocation may be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the frequency offset estimation system and the frequency offset estimation method provided by the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and specific implementation processes thereof are detailed in the method embodiments and are not described herein again.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (18)
1. A method of frequency offset estimation, the method comprising:
the user equipment transmits a single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal on physical uplink control channel resources by using a preset resource mapping mode, wherein the preset resource mapping mode does not comprise time-domain code division multiplexing, the single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal comprises a data symbol and a pilot symbol, and when the physical uplink control channel resources are PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resources, the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resources correspond to cyclic shift sequences which are obtained by calculation according to PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource indexes and respectively correspond to the data symbol and the pilot symbol; when the physical uplink control channel resource is a PUCCH format 3 resource, the PUCCH format 3 resource corresponds to a cyclic shift sequence which is obtained according to PUCCH format 3 resource index calculation and corresponds to the pilot frequency symbol;
and the base station estimates a frequency offset value by using the phase difference between the symbols which send the same signal in the received single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal.
2. The frequency offset estimation method according to claim 1, wherein the user equipment sends a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal on the physical uplink control channel resource by using a predetermined resource mapping manner, and the predetermined resource mapping manner does not include time domain code division multiplexing, and specifically includes:
when the physical uplink control channel resource is the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource, calculating cyclic shift sequences respectively corresponding to the data symbol and pilot symbol according to the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource index;
spreading the data symbols and the pilot symbols according to the cyclic shift sequence to obtain spread signals;
generating a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal according to the spread signal;
and transmitting the single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal to the base station by utilizing the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource.
3. The frequency offset estimation method according to claim 2, wherein the base station estimates a frequency offset value by using a phase difference between symbols transmitting a same signal in the received single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal, and specifically comprises:
processing the received single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal to obtain a received signal;
despreading the received signal by using the cyclic shift sequence to obtain a despread signal;
and estimating a frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between pilot symbols and/or data symbols which send the same signal in the de-spread signal.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the estimating the frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between pilot symbols and/or data symbols of the despread signal that transmit the same signal comprises:
and estimating a frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between the adjacent pilot frequency symbols and/or the adjacent data symbols in the despread signal.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the estimating the frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between pilot symbols and/or data symbols of the despread signal that transmit the same signal comprises:
estimating a first frequency offset estimation value by using a phase difference between adjacent pilot symbols and/or adjacent data symbols in the despread signal;
when the CP frame structure is normal, estimating a second frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between data symbols with the interval of 5 in the despread signal; or, when expanding the CP frame structure, estimating a second frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between data symbols with an interval of 4in the despread signal;
and estimating a final frequency offset estimation value according to the first frequency offset estimation value and the second frequency offset estimation value.
6. The frequency offset estimation method according to claim 1, wherein the user equipment sends a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal on the physical uplink control channel resource by using a predetermined resource mapping manner, and the predetermined resource mapping manner does not include time domain code division multiplexing, and specifically includes:
when the physical uplink control channel resource is the PUCCH format 3 resource, calculating a cyclic shift sequence corresponding to the pilot frequency symbol according to the PUCCH format 3 resource index;
performing spread spectrum but not performing frequency division multiplexing on the pilot symbols according to the cyclic shift sequence to obtain the pilot symbols after spread spectrum;
performing discrete Fourier transform after multiplying the data symbol by a preset phase to obtain a Fourier transformed data symbol;
generating a single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal according to the pilot frequency symbol after the spread spectrum and the data symbol after the Fourier transform;
and transmitting the single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal to the base station by utilizing the PUCCH format 3 resource.
7. The frequency offset estimation method according to claim 6, wherein the base station estimates a frequency offset value by using a phase difference between symbols transmitting a same signal in the received single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal, and specifically comprises:
processing the received single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal to obtain a received signal;
correlating the pilot frequency position in the received signal by using the cyclic shift sequence to obtain the correlated pilot frequency symbol;
multiplying the data position in the received signal by using the conjugate of the preset phase to obtain the multiplied data symbol;
the phase difference between pilot symbols and/or data symbols transmitting the same signal is used to estimate a frequency offset estimate.
8. The frequency offset estimation method according to claim 7, wherein said estimating a frequency offset estimation value by using a phase difference between the pilot symbols and/or the data symbols transmitting the same signal comprises:
when the CP frame structure is normal, estimating a frequency offset estimation value by using a phase difference between pilot symbols with an interval of 4 and/or data symbols with an interval of 4;
when the CP frame structure is extended, a frequency offset estimation value is estimated using a phase difference between data symbols at an interval of 4.
9. The frequency offset estimation method according to claim 7, wherein said estimating the frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between pilot symbols and/or data symbols transmitting the same signal specifically comprises:
estimating a third frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between the data symbols with the interval of 2;
when the CP frame structure is normal, estimating a fourth frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between pilot frequency symbols with the interval of 4 and/or data symbols with the interval of 4; or, when the CP frame structure is expanded, estimating a fourth frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between data symbols with the interval of 4;
and estimating a final frequency offset estimation value according to the third frequency offset estimation value and the fourth frequency offset estimation value.
10. A frequency offset estimation system, the system comprising:
the user equipment is used for sending a single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal on physical uplink control channel resources by utilizing a preset resource mapping mode, wherein the preset resource mapping mode does not comprise time-domain code division multiplexing, the single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal comprises data symbols and pilot symbols, and when the physical uplink control channel resources are PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resources, the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resources correspond to cyclic shift sequences which are obtained by calculation according to the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource indexes and respectively correspond to the data symbols and the pilot symbols; when the physical uplink control channel resource is a PUCCH format 3 resource, the PUCCH format 3 resource corresponds to a cyclic shift sequence which is obtained according to PUCCH format 3 resource index calculation and corresponds to the pilot frequency symbol;
and the base station is used for estimating a frequency offset value by utilizing the phase difference between the symbols which transmit the same signal in the received single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal.
11. The frequency offset estimation system of claim 10, wherein the user equipment specifically comprises:
the device comprises a first calculation module, a first spread spectrum module, a first generation module and a first sending module;
the first calculating module is configured to calculate cyclic shift sequences respectively corresponding to the data symbols and the pilot symbols according to the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource index when the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource is the physical uplink control channel resource;
the first spreading module is configured to perform spreading on the data symbol and the pilot symbol according to the cyclic shift sequence to obtain a spread signal;
the first generating module is configured to generate a single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal according to the spread signal;
the first sending module is configured to send the single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal to the base station by using the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b resource.
12. The frequency offset estimation system of claim 11, wherein said base station specifically comprises:
the device comprises a first processing module, a first despreading module and a first estimation module;
the first processing module is configured to process the received single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal to obtain a received signal;
the first despreading module is configured to despread the received signal by using the cyclic shift sequence to obtain a despread signal;
the first estimation module is configured to estimate a frequency offset estimation value by using a phase difference between pilot symbols and/or data symbols that transmit the same signal in the despread signal.
13. The frequency offset estimation system of claim 12, wherein said first estimation module specifically comprises:
a neighborhood estimation unit;
and the adjacent estimation unit is used for estimating a frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between the adjacent pilot frequency symbols and/or the adjacent data symbols in the despread signal.
14. The frequency offset estimation system of claim 12, wherein said first estimation module specifically comprises:
the device comprises a first rough estimation unit, a first fine estimation unit and a first filtering unit;
the first rough estimation unit is configured to estimate a first frequency offset estimation value by using a phase difference between adjacent pilot symbols and/or adjacent data symbols in the despread signal;
the first fine estimation unit is configured to estimate a second frequency offset estimation value by using a phase difference between pilot symbols with an interval of 5 and/or data symbols with an interval of 5 in the despread signal during a normal CP frame structure; or, when expanding the CP frame structure, estimating a second frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between data symbols with an interval of 4in the despread signal;
and the first filtering unit is used for estimating a final frequency offset estimation value according to the first frequency offset estimation value and the second frequency offset estimation value.
15. The frequency offset estimation system of claim 10, wherein the user equipment specifically comprises:
the second calculation module, the second spread spectrum module, the discrete transformation module, the second generation module and the second sending module;
the second calculating module is configured to calculate a cyclic shift sequence corresponding to the pilot symbol according to the PUCCH format 3 resource index when the physical uplink control channel resource is the PUCCH format 3 resource;
the second spreading module is configured to perform spreading but not frequency division multiplexing on the pilot symbol according to the cyclic shift sequence to obtain a spread pilot symbol;
the discrete transform module is used for performing discrete Fourier transform after multiplying the data symbol by a preset phase to obtain a data symbol after Fourier transform;
the second generating module is configured to generate a single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal according to the pilot symbol after the spreading and the data symbol after the fourier transform;
the second sending module is configured to send the single-carrier frequency division multiplexing signal to the base station by using the PUCCH format 3 resource.
16. The frequency offset estimation system of claim 15, wherein said base station specifically comprises:
the second processing module, the pilot frequency processing module, the data processing module and the second estimation module;
the second processing module is configured to process the received single carrier frequency division multiplexing signal to obtain a received signal;
the pilot frequency processing module is configured to correlate a pilot frequency position in the received signal with the cyclic shift sequence to obtain a correlated pilot frequency symbol;
the data processing module is configured to multiply a data position in the received signal by using the conjugate of the predetermined phase to obtain the multiplied data symbol;
and the second estimation module is used for estimating the frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between the pilot frequency symbols and/or the data symbols which send the same signal.
17. The frequency offset estimation system of claim 16, wherein said second estimation module specifically comprises:
an interval estimation unit;
the interval estimation unit is used for estimating a frequency offset estimation value by using a phase difference between pilot symbols with an interval of 4 and/or data symbols with an interval of 4 when the CP frame structure is normal; or when the CP frame structure is extended, a frequency offset estimation value is estimated using a phase difference between data symbols at an interval of 4.
18. The frequency offset estimation system of claim 16, wherein said second estimation module specifically comprises:
the second coarse estimation unit, the second fine estimation unit and the second filtering unit;
the second rough estimation unit is used for estimating a third frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between the data symbols with the interval of 2;
the second fine estimation unit is configured to estimate a fourth frequency offset estimation value by using a phase difference between pilot symbols with an interval of 4 and/or data symbols with an interval of 4 when the CP frame structure is normal; or, when the CP frame structure is expanded, estimating a fourth frequency offset estimation value by using the phase difference between data symbols with the interval of 4;
and the second filtering unit is used for estimating a final frequency offset estimation value according to the third frequency offset estimation value and the fourth frequency offset estimation value.
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| WO2017166320A1 (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | Signal generation method and apparatus |
| US11375908B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2022-07-05 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Blood pressure detection signal sampling and compensation method and apparatus, and blood pressure signal collection system |
| CN108282421B (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2020-11-27 | 普天信息技术有限公司 | Method for estimating frequency offset of uplink control channel |
| CN110636022B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2022-02-08 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | A signal receiving method and device for reducing data demodulation threshold |
| EP4061048A4 (en) | 2021-01-22 | 2022-09-21 | Shenzhen Consys Science&Technology Co., Ltd. | METHOD, DEVICE AND SYSTEM FOR WIRELESS INTELLIGENT DECISION MAKING |
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