CN103495636A - Method for skin stretch-forming and locating with flexible multipoint mould - Google Patents
Method for skin stretch-forming and locating with flexible multipoint mould Download PDFInfo
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- CN103495636A CN103495636A CN201310462636.3A CN201310462636A CN103495636A CN 103495636 A CN103495636 A CN 103495636A CN 201310462636 A CN201310462636 A CN 201310462636A CN 103495636 A CN103495636 A CN 103495636A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for skin stretch-forming and locating with a flexible multipoint mould. The method includes the following steps of step1, a skin stretch-forming device (10) of the flexible multipoint mould is used for skin stretch-forming; step2, after the stretch-forming is finished, a multipoint mould (11) of the skin stretch-forming device (10) of the flexible multipoint mould is regulated to a theoretical number model face of a skin (12) in shape, and the skin (12) is arranged on the multipoint mould (11) and fixed; step3, geometrical information of the skin (12) is measured; step4, the accurate position of the skin (12) is calculated, and the border characteristics of the skin (12) are determined; step5, marking out or locating is carried out on the surface of the skin (12). According to the method for skin stretch-forming and locating with the flexible multipoint mould, flexible locating can be achieved, for any sectional face characteristics, no special locating overturn plate is needed, and efficiency and locating accuracy can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the pull-shaped technical field of covering, specifically a kind of reconfigurable tool that adopts carries out the method that covering is pull-shaped and locate.
Background technology
Skin part is the important covering of aircraft, forms Aerodynamic Configuration of Aireraft, and moulding and assembly precision require high.The manufacture of skin part by stretch forming, outline inspection, the cutting of edge port frame, surface anodization, spray paint, a plurality of process flows such as orientation assemble form.Because the rigidity of skin part own is poor, be difficult to overcome self gravitation or the frock contact force easily produces strain, for guaranteeing final assembly precision, skin part needs locating hole to guarantee positioning precision and the assembly precision of a plurality of inter processes, and locating hole is one of key structure key element of skin part.The skin part drilling need complete after the stretch forming operation, and stretch forming technique comprises that entity fixed mould covering is pull-shaped and the reconfigurable tool covering is pull-shaped.
After entity fixed mould covering is pull-shaped, adopt the location turnover panel to cover skin part, by the hole on the turnover panel of location, adopt the instrument such as the electric hand drill location of holing.This kind of method error accumulation is serious, and efficiency is low, and the reason of artificial influence factors makes positioning precision unstable, affects follow-up cutting action, even assembly process.And, after adopting the reconfigurable tool covering pull-shaped, owing to having cancelled the entity mould, determining of position of positioning hole also do not have effective solution at present.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the technical problem of the poor and location difficulty of the pull-shaped rear positioning precision of existing covering.The invention provides a kind of method that adopts reconfigurable tool to carry out the pull-shaped and location of covering, adopt reconfigurable tool to carry out pull-shaped and method location of covering and can realize flexible location, for any surface-type feature, without the certain position turnover panel.This localization method is based on digitizing solution, and whole digitized process drives, and without human intervention, precision is high.This method adjusts shape and Digital location to combine the multiple spot die face, can significantly improve efficiency and positioning precision.
The present invention for the technical scheme that solves its technical problem employing is: a kind of reconfigurable tool that adopts carries out the method that covering is pull-shaped and locate, and comprises the following steps:
Step 1, to use reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device to carry out covering pull-shaped;
After step 2, pull-shaped end, the multiple spot mould of reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device is adjusted to the theoretical value model face of shape to covering, then covering is placed on the multiple spot mould and fixes;
Step 3, use the measurement device of mechanical arm one end be arranged on reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device to measure the geological information of covering;
Step 4, the theoretical digital-to-analogue of this information and covering is compared, when the gap between this information and the theoretical digital-to-analogue of covering is in range of tolerable variance, the shape of covering and position, in exact state, then calculate the exact position of covering, determine the covering boundary characteristic;
Step 5, calculate space motion path and the location feature point coordinates of the drilling line actuator that is arranged on mechanical arm one end by central processing unit, then the driving device arm drives drilling line actuator and is rule or locate on the surface of covering.
Contain a plurality of jumper bars in the multiple spot mould of reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device, jumper bar comprises pole and the drift that is positioned at the pole top, and the upper surface of drift is the part spherical surface.
Middle to the ambilateral direction of multi-point mould from the multiple spot mould that is positioned at reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device, the corresponding spherical radius of the upper surface of drift increases gradually.
Corresponding this spherical centre of sphere of upper surface that is positioned at the ambilateral drift of multi-point mould departs from the axis of pole.
Pole and drift are pegged graft fixing by alignment pin and plug.
Before step 1, calculate the profile of the multiple spot mould after springback compensation based on theoretical digital-to-analogue, drive the multiple spot mould to be adjusted shape according to this profile.
In step 2, after pull-shaped end, remove covering and polyurethane bed course on the multiple spot mould, then the multiple spot mould of reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device is adjusted to the theoretical value model face of shape to covering.
In step 2, use fixedly covering of clamp.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the digitlization of multiple spot mould is adjusted to shape, the effective combination of digitized measurement and location, realize that digitlization accurately reaches flexible location;
2, reduce human error, improved positioning precision and efficiency, reduced or cancelled the auxiliary moulds such as location turnover panel;
3, cancel a large amount of entity fixed moulds and frock, an equipped mechanical arm of reconfigurable tool forms digitization system, can complete Digital location.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to employing reconfigurable tool of the present invention carry out covering pull-shaped and the location method be described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the front view of reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device.
Fig. 2 is the top view of reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device.
Fig. 3 is the pull-shaped schematic diagram of covering.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the final profile of covering and covering compensation profile.
Fig. 5 adjusts the schematic diagram of shape to the theoretical profile of covering by the multiple spot mould.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram to covering is measured and drilling is rule.
Fig. 7 is jumper bar top schematic diagram while being the face of cylinder or sphere.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the drift upper surface eccentric setting on jumper bar top.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of drift.
10. reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming devices wherein, 11. multiple spot moulds, 111. poles, 112. drift, 113. alignment pins, 114. plugs, 115. jumper bar, 12. coverings, 13. polyurethane bed courses, 14. clamp, 15. mechanical arms, 16. measurement devices, 17. drilling line actuator, 18. cutting edge boundary lines, 19. part boundary lines, 20. the weak district of support force, the final profile of D. covering, E. covering compensation profile.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to employing reconfigurable tool of the present invention carry out covering pull-shaped and the location method be described in further detail.
This employing reconfigurable tool of paper carries out the reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device that uses in the method for the pull-shaped and location of covering, comprise multiple spot mould 11, multiple spot mould 11 contains a plurality of jumper bars 115, the height at each jumper bar 115 top all can be individually adjusted, the covering stretch-forming device of described reconfigurable tool transition profile also comprises mechanical arm 15 and for clamping and the clamp 14 of the covering 12 that stretches, one end of mechanical arm 15 is provided with measurement device 16 and drilling line actuator 17, the other end of mechanical arm 15 can be fixed and wall or frame or crossbeam, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, this device can complete the pull-shaped of covering, location, drilling and line, pull-shaped, location, drilling and these three operations of line all complete on reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device.
Concentrate and improve machining accuracy simultaneously for fear of stress, the top of jumper bar 115 is provided with polyurethane bed course 12.In addition, jumper bar 115 top surfaces are the part cylindrical surface, the part that jumper bar 115 top surfaces are cylindrical outer surface.
When jumper bar 115 top surfaces are cylindrical surface or spherical surface, have vacant Delta Region between adjacent two jumper bar 115 top surfaces, as shown in Figure 7, when pull-shaped, under pressure, the part material is inserted vacant trigonum to polyurethane bed course 12, a little less than polyurethane backing plate support normal power, thereby the weak district 20 of formation support force, so just easily produce stress in the position at jumper bar 115 tops and concentrate, and can affect the surface quality of skin part simultaneously.While this situation occurring, general solution is to change thicker polyurethane bed course, and the blocked up machining accuracy that will affect covering of polyurethane backing plate.
Due to aerospace field to machining accuracy require high, in order to address this problem, by designing the drift of a series of different curvature, different spherical section shapes, reduce vacant Delta Region between drift, make the die face of discrete point matching more continuous, more adapt to External Shape, control and the probability that stress is concentrated occurs, improve the skin material forming quality.
Contain a plurality of jumper bars 115 in the multiple spot mould 11 of reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device 10, jumper bar 115 comprises pole 111 and the drift 112 that is positioned at the pole top, and the upper surface of drift 112 is the part spherical surface.Drift 112 is made for polyurethane material, can be changed as required.The spheric curvature on drift 112 tops is designed to a series of values, the centre of sphere that the centre of sphere that simultaneously comprises this sphere is positioned at the axis of pole 111 and this sphere departs from two kinds, the axis of pole 111, in covering is pull-shaped, select different drifts 112 according to die needed profile, the selection principle of the radius of curvature of drift 112 is in a certain material forming limit curvature radius, select series of values, specifically can be with reference to following formula:
R wherein
1for drift radius of curvature, R
0for this puts corresponding target part radius of curvature,
for rebound degree.Be generally the middle direction to multiple spot mould 11 both sides of multiple spot mould 11 from being positioned at reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device 10, the corresponding spherical radius of the upper surface of drift 112 increases gradually, as shown in Figure 8.
In order further to improve machining accuracy, to a certain profile, the middle drift 112 sphere centre ofs sphere are positioned at the axis of pole 111, and both sides drift 112 selects the drift 112 top sphere centre ofs sphere to depart from the axis of pole 111.Corresponding this spherical centre of sphere of upper surface that is positioned at the drift 112 of multi-point mould tool 11 both sides departs from the axis of pole 111.The value integrated survey drift sphere curvature radius of the drift 112 sphere centre ofs sphere and pole 111 central shaft biases and the width of pole are chosen a series of values.Due to drift is improved, this reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device also can be called the pull-shaped and positioner of the covering that contains curvature self-adapting flexible multiple spot mould.
Drift 112 contains alignment pin 113 and plug 114, and during with pole 111 assembling, plug 114 and alignment pin 113 insert pole 111 relevant positions, realize orientation assemble.Be that pole 111 and drift 112 are pegged graft and fixed by alignment pin 221 and plug 222, as shown in Figure 9.
Less due to the large edge of deflection at general skin part middle part, in order to improve and the rigidity of covering middle part to corresponding jumper bar 115, can be by the following technical solutions: from being positioned at the direction of multiple spot mould 11 middle parts to multiple spot mould 11 edges, jumper bar 115 is tapered, and the cross section of jumper bar 115 diminishes gradually.
A kind of reconfigurable tool that adopts carries out the method that covering is pull-shaped and locate, and comprises the following steps:
Step 1, to use reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device 10 to carry out covering pull-shaped, as shown in Figure 3;
After step 2, pull-shaped end, the multiple spot mould of reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device 10 11 is adjusted to the theoretical value model face of shape to covering 12, then covering 12 is placed on multiple spot mould 11 and fixes, as shown in 5;
Step 3, use the measurement device 16 of mechanical arm 15 1 ends be arranged on reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device 10 to measure the geological information of coverings 12, as shown in Figure 6;
Step 4, the theoretical digital-to-analogue of this information and covering is compared, when the gap between this information and the theoretical digital-to-analogue of covering is in range of tolerable variance, the shape of covering 12 and position, in exact state, then calculate the exact position of covering 12, determine covering 12 boundary characteristics;
Step 5, calculate space motion path and the location feature point coordinates of the drilling line actuator 17 that is arranged on mechanical arm 15 1 ends by central processing unit, then driving device arm 15 drives drillings line actuators 17 and is rule or locate on the surface of covering 12.
Because the rigidity of skin part is poor, before step 1, calculate the profile of the multiple spot mould 11 after springback compensation based on theoretical digital-to-analogue, drive multiple spot mould 11 to be adjusted shape according to this profile, covering 12 could form the final profile D of covering like this, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, wherein D is the final profile of covering, and E is covering compensation profile.
In step 2, after pull-shaped end, remove covering 12 and polyurethane bed course 13 on multiple spot mould 11, then the multiple spot mould of reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device 10 11 is adjusted to the theoretical value model face of shape to covering 12.Use before 15 pairs of coverings 12 of mechanical arm are measured and locate, need to the coordinate system of multiple spot mould 11 and mechanical arm 15 is unified.
In addition, in step 2, this method is used fixedly covering 12 of clamp 14, note, power when using clamp 14 fixedly power during covering 12 should be pull-shaped much smaller than covering, perhaps also can adopt covering is placed on to fixedly covering of mode on multiple spot mould 11, now covering should be positioned at the final profile D of the covering shown in Fig. 4.Such fixed form can be saved the fixtures such as turnover panel of the prior art, and locate mode is simpler, and precision is also higher.
The above, be only specific embodiments of the invention, can not limit the scope that invention is implemented with it, thus the displacement of its equivalent assemblies, or the equivalent variations of doing according to scope of patent protection of the present invention and modification, all should still belong to the category that this patent is contained.
Claims (8)
- One kind adopt reconfigurable tool carry out covering pull-shaped and the location method, it is characterized in that, described employing reconfigurable tool carry out covering pull-shaped and the location method comprise the following steps:Step 1, to use reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device (10) to carry out covering pull-shaped;After step 2, pull-shaped end, the multiple spot mould (11) of reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device (10) is adjusted to the theoretical value model face of shape to covering (12), then covering (12) is placed in to multiple spot mould (11) goes up and fix;Step 3, use the measurement device (16) of mechanical arm (15) one ends be arranged on reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device (10) to measure the geological information of covering (12);Step 4, the theoretical digital-to-analogue of this information and covering is compared, when the gap between this information and the theoretical digital-to-analogue of covering is in range of tolerable variance, the shape of covering (12) and position, in exact state, then calculate the exact position of covering (12), determine covering (12) boundary characteristic;Step 5, calculate space motion path and the location feature point coordinates of the drilling line actuator (17) that is arranged on mechanical arm (15) one ends by central processing unit, then driving device arm (15) drives drilling line actuator (17) and is rule or locate on the surface of covering (12).
- 2. employing reconfigurable tool according to claim 1 carries out the method that covering is pull-shaped and locate, it is characterized in that: in the multiple spot mould (11) of reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device (10), contain a plurality of jumper bars (115), jumper bar (115) comprises pole (111) and is positioned at the drift (112) at pole top, and the upper surface of drift (112) is the part spherical surface.
- 3. employing reconfigurable tool according to claim 2 carries out the method that covering is pull-shaped and locate, it is characterized in that: from the middle direction to multiple spot mould (11) both sides of the multiple spot mould (11) that is positioned at reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device (10), the corresponding spherical radius of the upper surface of drift (112) increases gradually.
- 4. employing reconfigurable tool according to claim 3 carries out the method that covering is pull-shaped and locate, and it is characterized in that: corresponding this spherical centre of sphere of upper surface that is positioned at the drift (112) of multiple spot mould (11) both sides departs from the axis of pole (111).
- 5. employing reconfigurable tool according to claim 2 carries out the method that covering is pull-shaped and locate, and it is characterized in that: pole (111) and drift (112) are pegged graft fixing by alignment pin (113) and plug (114).
- 6. employing reconfigurable tool according to claim 1 carries out the method that covering is pull-shaped and locate, it is characterized in that: before step 1, calculate the profile of the multiple spot mould (11) after springback compensation based on theoretical digital-to-analogue, drive multiple spot mould (11) to be adjusted shape according to this profile.
- 7. employing reconfigurable tool according to claim 1 carries out the method that covering is pull-shaped and locate, it is characterized in that: in step 2, after pull-shaped end, remove covering (12) and polyurethane bed course (13) on multiple spot mould (11), then the multiple spot mould (11) of reconfigurable tool covering stretch-forming device (10) is adjusted to the theoretical value model face of shape to covering (12).
- 8. employing reconfigurable tool according to claim 1 carries out the method that covering is pull-shaped and locate, and it is characterized in that: in step 2, use fixedly covering (12) of clamp (14).
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| CN201310462636.3A CN103495636B (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2013-09-30 | Reconfigurable tool is adopted to carry out the method for skinning surface and location |
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| CN201310462636.3A CN103495636B (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2013-09-30 | Reconfigurable tool is adopted to carry out the method for skinning surface and location |
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| CN103495636A true CN103495636A (en) | 2014-01-08 |
| CN103495636B CN103495636B (en) | 2015-09-02 |
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Cited By (11)
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| CN104391482A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-04 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Longitudinal tensile loading trajectory design method based on mold surface extension |
| CN104971975A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-10-14 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Skin forming technology combining stretching and stamping |
| CN106955930A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-07-18 | 西北工业大学 | The positioner and method of a kind of wall panel parts flexible multipoint forming |
| CN107263429A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-20 | 陕西飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | A kind of method that ball-type covering hole bit line complement is drawn |
| CN108280274A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-07-13 | 吉林大学 | A kind of swollen drawing manufacturing process of curved surface by die face variation driving |
| CN109482740A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-19 | 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of material tooling template flexible forming mold and manufacturing process again |
| CN111055951A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-24 | 广州穗景客车制造有限公司 | Production line for passenger car roof framework skin |
| CN111167919A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-05-19 | 中南大学 | Stretch-forming-electromagnetic composite forming device and method for multi-curvature skin piece |
| CN112588956A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-02 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Method for forming double-curved-surface skin opening frame |
| CN114193352A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-18 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Elastic tensioning tool for weak-rigidity skin parts |
| CN115870394A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-03-31 | 吉林大学 | Joint-like freedom degree controllable push-pull mechanism for flexible stretch forming machine |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104391482B (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2017-02-01 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Longitudinal tensile loading trajectory design method based on mold surface extension |
| CN104391482A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-04 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Longitudinal tensile loading trajectory design method based on mold surface extension |
| CN104971975B (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2017-07-21 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | It is a kind of to stretch the covering forming technology being combined with punching press |
| CN104971975A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-10-14 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Skin forming technology combining stretching and stamping |
| CN107263429B (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2020-02-14 | 陕西飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Method for line repair and marking of spherical skin hole |
| CN107263429A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-20 | 陕西飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | A kind of method that ball-type covering hole bit line complement is drawn |
| CN106955930A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-07-18 | 西北工业大学 | The positioner and method of a kind of wall panel parts flexible multipoint forming |
| CN108280274A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-07-13 | 吉林大学 | A kind of swollen drawing manufacturing process of curved surface by die face variation driving |
| CN108280274B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2021-04-13 | 吉林大学 | A kind of curved surface expansion forming method driven by the change of die profile |
| CN109482740A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-19 | 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of material tooling template flexible forming mold and manufacturing process again |
| CN111167919B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-05-07 | 中南大学 | Stretch-forming and electromagnetic composite forming device and method for multi-curvature skin piece |
| CN111167919A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-05-19 | 中南大学 | Stretch-forming-electromagnetic composite forming device and method for multi-curvature skin piece |
| CN111055951A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-24 | 广州穗景客车制造有限公司 | Production line for passenger car roof framework skin |
| CN112588956A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-02 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Method for forming double-curved-surface skin opening frame |
| CN112588956B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2023-03-31 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Method for forming double-curved-surface skin opening frame |
| CN114193352A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-18 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Elastic tensioning tool for weak-rigidity skin parts |
| CN115870394A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-03-31 | 吉林大学 | Joint-like freedom degree controllable push-pull mechanism for flexible stretch forming machine |
| CN115870394B (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-10-24 | 吉林大学 | Controlled push-pull mechanism with simulated joint degree of freedom for flexible stretch forming machines |
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Address after: 100024 North East military villa, eight Li bridge, Chaoyang District, Beijing Patentee after: China Institute of Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Address before: 100024 North East military villa, eight Li bridge, Chaoyang District, Beijing Patentee before: Beijing Aviation Manufacturing Engineering Institute of China Aviation Industry Group Company |