CN103481728B - The hub-bearing unit of Novel intelligent - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel intelligent hub bearing unit. It includes brake discs, steering knuckles, balls, one-piece cage, constant velocity joints, inner seals with multi-pole magnetic coils, outer seals, and noise sensors. The brake disc and the root of the bell shell journal at the outer end of the constant velocity universal joint are provided with raceways, which together serve as the inner ring raceways of the hub bearing unit. The ring raceway, the balls, the integral cage and the sealing ring are all installed between the steering knuckle journal, the bell housing journal and the brake disc journal. The structural components are highly integrated, have few accessories, reduce the turning radius and are easy to process and install. The steering knuckle journal is provided with a through hole, and the noise sensor is installed in the through hole of the steering knuckle journal to monitor the operation status of the hub bearing in real time, realize automatic fault diagnosis of the hub bearing, and improve the safety performance of the hub bearing.

Description

New intelligent hub bearing unit

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of auto parts, in particular to a novel intelligent hub bearing unit.

Background technique

As an important part of the car, the hub bearing unit is mainly used to bear weight and provide precise guidance for the rotation of the hub bearing. At present, the constant velocity universal joint and the third-generation hub bearing unit are generally used in cars. The hub bearing unit is connected with the wheel, and the constant velocity universal joint is matched with the inner flange by splines. This structure has many parts and complex assembly. The car has a small turning radius. With the further development of science and technology, people's requirements for the integration and compactness of car parts have been further improved. As a key component of an automobile, wheel bearings are of paramount importance to safety. It is an inevitable trend of future development to install sensors for real-time detection of hub bearing failures and improve the safety performance of hub bearings.

Chinese patent document (patent number: CN201195476Y), the bell-shaped shell is fixed on the end step of the long-end journal of the inner flange, and at the same time withstands the inner ring, and the journal end surface of the long-end journal is set into a curling, wrapping The bell-shaped housing is housed, and a constant-velocity drive shaft ball cage type universal joint is arranged inside the bell-shaped housing. In this structure, the inner ring and the bell-shaped housing are arranged separately, and there are many components, the structure is complicated, and it is difficult to process and install. Chinese patent document (patent number: CN202764599U) relates to an intelligent hub bearing unit, in which a constant velocity universal joint is installed in the inner hole of the inner flange, a temperature sensor and a vibration acceleration sensor are installed in the outer ring, and the inner row of balls and the outer The number and size of the balls in the row are all set to the same specification. However, when the car is turning, the actual load of the outer bearing near the wheel will be significantly greater than that of the inner bearing near the steering knuckle, and its life is usually shorter than that of the inner bearing. Therefore, the main factor determining the life of the hub bearing is The load carrying capacity of the outer row bearings. At the same time, the inner hole of the hub bearing flange is small, so it is difficult to have enough space for installing the constant velocity universal joint. This type of structural parts has a low degree of integration and is difficult to install.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to design a new type of intelligent wheel hub bearing unit in order to solve the problems in the prior art, such as the complex structure of the wheel hub bearing, the low degree of integration of components, and the inability to monitor the operating conditions.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

New intelligent hub bearing unit, including brake disc, steering knuckle, inner row of balls, outer row of balls, integral cage, constant velocity universal joint, outer sealing ring, inner sealing ring with multi-pole magnetic coil, noise sensor; wherein, the brake disc is installed in cooperation with the constant velocity universal joint, and serves as the inner ring of the hub bearing, the steering knuckle also serves as the outer ring of the hub bearing, and the journal of the steering knuckle, the bell housing and the brake disc Install the integral cage, inner sealing ring, outer sealing ring, outer row of balls and inner row of balls; the brake disc and the inner flange are integrated design, the disc surface of the brake disc is provided with mounting holes, through The bolts are connected with the wheel, so that the brake disc can also function as an inner flange; the integrated design of the steering knuckle and the outer flange makes the steering knuckle also function as an outer flange; the root of the brake disc journal and the bell shell journal The roots are respectively provided with a first raceway and a second raceway, and the above two raceways are jointly used as the inner ring raceway of the hub bearing unit, and the steering knuckle journal is provided with two rows of raceways corresponding to the two raceways, As the outer ring raceway of the hub bearing.

Further, the steering knuckle journal is provided with a through hole, and a noise sensor is installed in the through hole, and the noise sensor includes a metal shell and a probe, the metal shell is installed in the through hole, and the probe extends into the The arc-shaped groove in the middle transition part of the integral cage is located between the two rows of balls; the sensor interface transmits electrical signals to the ECU through wires.

Further, the noise sensor is installed in cooperation with the through hole of the steering knuckle journal, and the axis of the through hole is located at the vertical center line of the two rows of balls; the inner surface of the upper half circle of the through hole and the outer surface of the noise sensor are both provided with threads, and the metal shell of the noise sensor The outer surface is provided with a rubber sealing ring, the rubber sealing ring is attached to the outer surface of the noise sensor metal shell, and the rubber sealing ring is installed in the groove on the inner wall of the through hole; the diameter of the rubber sealing ring is slightly larger than the diameter of the groove on the inner wall, and the noise The sensor is pressed into the through hole and fixed by screw connection, and the rubber sealing ring is in interference fit with the groove on the inner wall of the through hole of the steering knuckle.

Further, both sides of the integral cage are provided with staggered outer rows of pockets and inner rows of pockets, the inner row of pockets are used to place the inner row of balls, the outer row of pockets are used to place the outer row of balls, The number of pockets in the outer row is more than the number of pockets in the inner row, the diameter of the outer row of pockets is smaller than the diameter of the inner row of pockets, and the pitch circle diameters of the two are equal;

Further, a downward arc-shaped groove is provided in the middle transition area of the integral cage, and the arc-shaped groove is used for accommodating the noise sensor probe.

Further, a step is processed at the end of the journal of the bell-shaped case, and the inner hole of the brake disc is nested in the step of the journal. The end face of the inner hole of the disc.

Further, the constant velocity universal joint includes a bell shell, a cage, an inner bracket, an inner spline groove, an axial raceway and steel balls, wherein the bell shell is used as an outer bracket of the constant velocity universal joint, There is an axial raceway inside, the steel ball (56) is installed between the bell shell and the inner bracket, and the steel ball is restricted by the cage to move only in the axial raceway, and the inner surface is provided with an inner spline groove, which is connected with the transmission shaft Cooperate and transmit power.

The present invention has following advantage:

1. Compared with the existing wheel hub bearing, the present invention is equipped with a noise sensor to monitor the operation status of the wheel hub bearing unit in real time. When an abnormal fault occurs, the operating noise increases, and an alarm is given immediately, which is of great significance for improving the safety performance of the wheel hub bearing. Significance;

2. The existing third-generation hub bearing units include inner flanges, outer flanges, cages, balls, and sealing rings. The inner flanges are connected to the brake disc through bolts, and the outer flange is connected to the steering knuckle through bolts. In the present invention, the inner flange and the brake disc, the outer flange and the steering knuckle are arranged in an integrated manner, the brake disc and the inner flange, the steering knuckle and the outer flange are all combined into a complete part, and the connecting bolts are canceled, the braking The disc and the steering knuckle also function as inner and outer flanges. This design structure is more compact, reduces the overall weight, effectively reduces the vibration generated during braking, attenuates the chatter noise during braking, and increases the wheel rigidity;

3. Compared with the existing three-generation hub bearing unit, the present invention cancels the hub spline shaft, and makes the constant velocity universal joint and the hub bearing into an integrated structure, which has a compact structure and is easy to install, and can arrange the steering structure for designers Provides more free space and reduces the turning radius; by changing the number and diameter of the outer row of balls, the bearing capacity of the outer row of balls is improved, and more design space is left for the brake disc and steering knuckle The strength design improves the bearing capacity and fatigue life of the hub bearing; by changing the original separate two-row cage into an integral cage, the two sides of the cage are provided with pockets of different numbers and sizes for placing balls, which simplifies The structure realizes the high integration of hub bearing components;

4. In the present invention, the root of the bell-shaped housing journal of the constant velocity universal joint and the root of the brake disc journal are used as the inner ring to cooperate with the balls, and the steps of the bell-shaped housing journal and the inner hole of the brake disc adopt an interference fit , and the end face of the journal of the bell-shaped shell adopts the curling form, and is pressed on the end face of the inner hole of the brake disc. This type of structural parts has a high degree of integration, does not need to use an additional inner ring structure, and is easy to process and install.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the noise sensor of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a front view of the integral cage of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the integral cage of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the working process of the noise sensor of the present invention;

Figure 6 is the equivalent stress cloud diagram of the double-row balls of the hub bearing under extreme turning conditions;

In the figure, 1—outer row of balls, 2—noise sensor, 3—inner row of balls, 4—integral cage, 5—constant velocity universal joint, 6—inner sealing ring with multi-pole magnetic coil, 7—steering Section, 8—brake disc, 9—outer sealing ring, 10—bolt, 11—wire, 12—ECU, 13—indicator light on cab instrument panel, 14—rubber sealing ring, 21—noise sensor interface, 22—noise Sensor probe, 23—outer surface of noise sensor, 24—metal shell of noise sensor, 41—arc groove of integral cage, 42—outer row pocket of integral cage, 43—inner row pocket of integral cage, 51—bell shell, 52—cage, 53—inner bracket, 54—inner spline groove, 55—axial raceway, 56—steel ball, 71—steering knuckle journal through hole, 72—steering knuckle through hole inner wall Groove, 81—brake disc journal raceway, 82—brake disc inner hole chamfer, 511—bell shell journal raceway, 512—bell shell journal, 513—bell shell journal step, 514—curling, D ₁ —outer row pocket diameter, D ₂ —inner row pocket diameter, D—pitch circle diameter.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention will be further described:

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, the brake disc 8 is connected to the wheel through bolts 10, the root of the journal of the brake disc 8 is provided with a brake disc journal raceway 81, and the outer row of balls 1, integrally maintained The frame 4 and the outer sealing ring 9 are installed between the brake disc 8 and the steering knuckle 7 . The inner hole of the brake disc 8 is nested at the step 513 of the bell-shaped journal 512 of the constant velocity universal joint. On the end face of the inner hole of the brake disc 8. Both the inner hole and the step 513 are rounded, and the chamfer 82 of the inner hole of the brake disc cooperates with the transition arc at the root of the step 513 . The root of the bell-shaped housing journal is provided with a raceway 511, and an inner row of balls 3 and an inner sealing ring 6 with a multi-pole magnetic coil are installed between the steering knuckle 7 and the bell-shaped housing journal 512.

The diameter of the outer row of balls 1 is smaller than the diameter of the inner row of balls 3, the number of outer row of balls 1 is more than the number of inner row of balls 3, and the pitch circle diameter D of the two is equal; it can be seen through finite element analysis, as shown in Figure 6 , the equivalent stress cloud diagram of the double-row ball bearings of the hub bearing under extreme turning conditions; when the car is turning, the actual load of the outer row bearing near the brake disc 8 will be significantly greater than that of the inner row near the steering knuckle 7 The life of bearings is usually shorter than that of the inner row bearings, so the main factor determining the life of the hub bearings is the bearing capacity of the outer row bearings. The diameter of the outer row of balls 1 is reduced and the number is increased, which is beneficial to enhance the bearing capacity of the outer row of balls 1 . The two sides of the integral cage 4 are provided with outer row pockets 42 and inner row pockets 43 with different numbers and sizes, the outer row pockets 42 are used to place outer row balls 1, and the inner row pockets 43 are used to place inner row balls 3. Corresponding to the number and size of the balls, the diameter D ₁ of the outer row of pockets 42 is slightly smaller than the diameter D ₂ of the inner row of pockets 43, and the number of outer row of pockets 42 is greater than that of the inner row of pockets 43. This structure replaces the original independent The inner and outer cages are more compact in form and higher in integration, which is in line with the development trend of integration and compactness of car parts.

The steering knuckle journal is provided with a through hole 71, and the inner surface of the upper half circle of the through hole 71 is provided with threads; the noise sensor 2 is installed in cooperation with the steering knuckle through hole 71, and the axis of the through hole 71 is located at the vertical center line of the two rows of balls. The outer surface 23 of the sensor is provided with threads, the outer surface of the sensor metal shell 24 is provided with an elastic sealing ring 14, the sealing ring 14 is closely attached to the outer surface of the sensor metal shell 24, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with a groove 72, and the sealing ring The diameter of 14 is larger than the diameter of through hole groove 72. The noise sensor 2 is pressed into the through hole 71 and fixed by threaded connection, which effectively avoids the sensor 2 loosening due to the vibration generated when the wheel hub bearing is running and reduces the measurement accuracy; the elastic sealing ring 14 and the groove 72 on the inner wall of the through hole The interference fit plays the role of sealing and isolating external noise, improving the measurement accuracy. The noise sensor probe 22 extends into the arc-shaped groove 41 of the integral cage 4 and is located between the two rows of balls. It is used for real-time measurement of the noise generated by the operation of the hub bearing and converts the noise signal into an electrical signal. The sensor interface 21 The electrical signal is transmitted to the ECU12 through the wire 11, and the ECU12 judges whether the hub bearing is in a fault state according to the input electrical signal. If the measured noise signal increases sharply and fluctuates violently, and lasts for a long time, it indicates that the hub bearing is in a fault state. , ECU12 then can send warning signal, light cab instrument panel indicator lamp 13, reminds the driver that wheel hub bearing has occurred abnormal failure, needs to check and repair, and the specific working process of noise sensor 2 is as shown in Figure 5.

The constant velocity drive ball cage type universal joint 5 is composed of a bell shell 51 , a cage 52 , an inner bracket 53 , an inner spline groove 54 , an axial raceway 55 and steel balls 56 . The bell-shaped shell 51 is used as the outer support of the constant velocity joint 5, and the inside is provided with an axial raceway 55, and the steel ball 56 is installed between the bell-shaped shell 51 and the inner support 53, and the cage 52 is used to constrain the steel ball 56. It moves on the axial raceway 55, and the inner surface is provided with an inner spline groove 54, which cooperates with the transmission shaft to transmit power.

The new intelligent hub bearing unit introduced in the present invention integrates the brake disc with the inner flange, and the steering knuckle and the outer flange. There is a raceway at the root of the journal of the bell-shaped shell, which also serves as the inner and outer flanges of the hub bearing. The structure is compact and the components are highly integrated, reducing the weight of the system. The inner hole of the brake disc is nested at the journal step of the bell-shaped housing, and the curling operation is used, which is simple and easy to process and install. By reducing the diameter of the outer row balls and increasing the number of outer row balls, the bearing capacity of the outer row balls of the wheel hub bearing is improved, and the fatigue life of the wheel hub bearing is improved. The inner and outer row cages that were originally independent of each other are made into integral cages, and pockets of different specifications are provided on both sides of the cage to place the inner and outer row balls, which improves the integration of parts and is easy to install. The steering knuckle journal is provided with a through hole for installing the noise sensor. In order to prevent the interference between the integral cage and the noise sensor probe, the intermediate transition area of the integral cage adopts a downward arc-shaped groove for placing the sensor probe. The occurrence of interference phenomenon is effectively avoided. The noise sensor monitors the operation status of the hub bearing in real time, and an alarm is issued when an abnormal fault occurs. This realizes the intelligence of the hub bearing and improves the safety performance of the hub bearing.

Claims (7)

1. the hub-bearing unit of Novel intelligent, comprises inner seal ring (6), the noise transducer (2) of brake disc (8), steering swivel (7), interior row ball (3), outer row ball (1), Integral retainer (4), constant-velocity universal joint (5), exterior seal ring (9), band multipole magnetic coil; Wherein, described brake disc (8) coordinates with constant-velocity universal joint (5) to be installed, the double inner ring making hub bearing, steering swivel (7) is double does hub bearing outer ring, installs described Integral retainer (4), inner seal ring (6), exterior seal ring (9), outer row ball (1) and interior row ball (3) between the axle journal of steering swivel (7), clutch can (51) and brake disc (8) three; It is characterized in that: described brake disc (8) and inside flange integrated design, the card of brake disc (8) is provided with mounting hole, is connected with wheel by bolt (10), makes brake disc (8) have inside flange effect concurrently; Steering swivel (7) and outward flange integrated design, make steering swivel (7) have the effect of outward flange concurrently; Brake disc (8) axle journal root and clutch can (51) axle journal root are respectively equipped with the first raceway (81) and the second raceway (511), above-mentioned two raceways are jointly as the inner ring raceway of hub-bearing unit, corresponding described two raceways in steering swivel (7) axle journal place be provided with two row raceways, as the cup raceway of hub bearing.

2. the hub-bearing unit of Novel intelligent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described steering swivel (7) axle journal place is provided with through hole (71), in described through hole (71), noise transducer (2) is installed, described noise transducer (2) comprises metal case (24) and probe (22), described metal case (24) is installed in through hole (71), described probe (22) stretches in the arc groove (41) at described Integral retainer (4) middle transition position, between two row balls; Electric signal is transported to ECU(12 by wire (11) by sensor interface (21)).

3. the hub-bearing unit of Novel intelligent according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described noise transducer (2) coordinates with steering swivel axle journal through hole (71) to be installed, and through hole (71) axis is positioned at two row ball vertical centerline position; The upper half-turn inside face of through hole (71) and noise transducer outside face (23) are equipped with screw thread, noise transducer metal case (24) outside face is provided with rubber seal (14), rubber seal (14) and noise transducer metal case (24) outside face fit together, and rubber seal (14) is installed in through-hole wall groove (72); Described rubber seal (14) diameter, slightly larger than inboard wall groove (72) diameter, by noise transducer (2) press-in through hole (71), and adopts to be threaded and is fixed, rubber seal (14) and steering swivel through-hole wall groove (72) interference fit.

4. the hub-bearing unit of Novel intelligent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: Integral retainer (4) both sides are provided with staggered outer row pocket hole (42) and interior row pocket hole (43), described interior row pocket hole (43) is for placing interior row ball (3), described outer row pocket hole (42) is for placing outer row ball (1), outer row pocket hole (42) quantity more than interior row pocket hole (43) quantity, outer row pocket bore dia (D ₁) be less than interior row pocket bore dia (D ₂), the two pitch circle diameter (D) is equal.

5. the hub-bearing unit of Novel intelligent according to claim 2, is characterized in that: Integral retainer (4) middle transition region is provided with downward arc groove (41), and arc groove (41) is for holding noise transducer probe (22).

6. the hub-bearing unit of Novel intelligent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: clutch can axle journal (512) end is processed with a step (513), brake disc (8) endoporus is nested in axle journal step (513), the two interference fit is connected in one, clutch can (51) axle journal end face is provided with crimping (514), compresses the interior hole end surface of brake disc (8).

7. the hub-bearing unit of Novel intelligent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described constant-velocity universal joint (5) comprises clutch can (51), retainer (52), inner support (53), inner spline groove (54), axial raceway (55) and steel ball (56), wherein, described clutch can (51) is as the outer support of constant-velocity universal joint (5), inside is provided with axial raceway (55), steel ball (56) is installed between clutch can (51) and inner support (53), adopt retainer (52) constraint steel ball (56) can only move at axial raceway (55), inside face is provided with inner spline groove (54), coordinate with transmission shaft, transferring power.