CN103470327B - Energy-saving engine and exhaust control method for same - Google Patents
Energy-saving engine and exhaust control method for same Download PDFInfo
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- CN103470327B CN103470327B CN201310425832.3A CN201310425832A CN103470327B CN 103470327 B CN103470327 B CN 103470327B CN 201310425832 A CN201310425832 A CN 201310425832A CN 103470327 B CN103470327 B CN 103470327B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving engine and an exhaust control method for the same. The engine comprises a cylinder body and a cylinder cover, wherein the cylinder cover is arranged on the cylinder body; a main valve corresponding to the cylinder body is arranged on the cylinder cover; an intake passage and an exhaust passage are communicated at the main valve in the cylinder cover; an intake valve is arranged in the intake passage; an exhaust valve is arranged in the exhaust passage; an auxiliary exhaust valve is arranged in the main valve; an air vent corresponding to the auxiliary exhaust valve is formed in the main valve, and is communicated with the exhaust passage. According to the engine and the method, the area of the exhaust valves is enlarged, the exhaust valves are sequentially opened, and the auxiliary exhaust valve is opened first to reduce pressure, so that the opening energy consumption and the exhaust resistance of the main valve are reduced, the heat power conversion rate of the engine is increased, and a fuel is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of engines, especially relate to a kind of energy-saving engine and method of controlling exhaust gas thereof.
Background technique
At present, motor mostly is reciprocating-piston engine, and the work of reciprocating-piston engine is divided into four strokes: expansion stroke, exhaust stroke, aspirating stroke, compression stroke.
In engine exhaust strokes, be divided into free exhaust and two stages of forced exhaust, the free exhaust stage: in order to be discharged by waste gas in time, have employed prerelease, namely when piston does not also arrive lower dead center, just open exhaust valve, utilize a pressure Natural excrement part for gas self; In the forced exhaust stage: carry out forced exhaust during piston stroking upward, remaining gas is discharged cylinder.
Existing exhaust stroke has the following disadvantages:
1, motor is in order to energy combustion gas in time, carry out prerelease, just exhaust valve is opened when piston arrives 30 ° before bottom dead center ~ 80 ° of crank angles, this arrives 30 ° ~ 80 ° crank angles before bottom dead center and is called exhaust advance angle, and prerelease must cause working medium to also have partial heat energy not to be converted into mechanical energy; Exhaust advance angle is larger, and cross exhaust early, the thermal waste caused is more, and heat conversion is lower.
2, during forced exhaust, because the gross area of exhaust valve is very little, the sectional area of exhaust passage is very little, only have that piston cross-section is long-pending 25% ~ 30%, when piston stroking upward, exhaust must be had not smooth, situation about can not discharge in time occurs, cause pressure in cylinder constantly to rise, exhaust resistance constantly increases, and will consume more mechanical energy; Obviously, engine speed is higher, and it is also higher that this pressure rises, and exhaust resistance is larger, and the mechanical energy of consumption is more.Due to discharge is also have higher temperature waste gas, and this waste gas inherently has larger pressure, and in the exhaust process that a kind of like this pressure constantly raises, the mechanical energy of consumption is larger; Relatively can find: the whole energy ezpenditure of forced exhaust are larger than the energy of the gas consumption sucking full cylinder, in therefore present motor or turbosupercharged engine, it is unscientific that the intake valve gross area is greater than the exhaust valve gross area.And when engine operation, after burning, the total amount of substance of mixed gas is than large before burning, for octane burning: 2C8H18 (g)+25O2 (g)===16CO2 (g)+18H2O (g), value=(16+18)-(2+25)=7 (mol) that after burning, the total amount of substance of mixed gas increases, namely often burn 228 grams of octanes, the amount of the gaseous matter increased is 7 moles, and therefore air displacement is larger than air inflow.
3, two exhaust valves of the corresponding each cylinder of available engine are opened when being vented simultaneously, and when opening, in cylinder, pressure is very large, and the energy opening exhaust valve consumption can be caused larger.
Available engine also has the following disadvantages, when motor carries out compression stroke, also the mixed gas sucking full cylinder when idling and Smaller load compresses, and be in fact relative less at idling and the air needed during Smaller load, to unnecessary non-working gas compression, unnecessary energy dissipation must be caused.
Summary of the invention
Not enough for prior art, technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of energy-saving engine and method of controlling exhaust gas thereof, to reach the resistance reducing forced exhaust, reduces the energy ezpenditure of forced exhaust, improves the object of the heat output conversion rate of motor.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of energy-saving engine, comprise cylinder block and head, described cylinder head is arranged in cylinder block, in described cylinder head, corresponding cylinder block is provided with a throttle, gas-entered passageway and exhaust passage throttle place in cylinder head is connected, be provided with air intake valve in described gas-entered passageway, in described exhaust passage, be provided with drain tap.
Be provided with auxiliary exhaust door in described throttle, on throttle, corresponding auxiliary exhaust door is provided with vent, and vent is connected with exhaust passage.
Also comprise fluid drive, the housing of described fluid drive is connected with oil hydraulic cylinder by hydraulic tubing with between gas pedal, pressure spring is provided with between the housing of described fluid drive and cylinder head, described fluid drive is provided with the slider I corresponding with cam, fluid drive is also provided with the slide block II corresponding with the pole on valve actuating push rod, in fluid drive inner cylinder, is provided with the return spring for slider I return.
Described air intake valve and drain tap are respectively equipped with rocking arm, the unlatching of rocking arm control air intake valve corresponding with the cam of camshaft and drain tap two valve or closedown.
The method of controlling exhaust gas of energy-saving engine described above, comprises the following steps:
1) when motor enters exhaust stroke, the air intake valve in gas-entered passageway is closed, and the drain tap in exhaust passage is opened;
2) auxiliary exhaust door is opened, and the waste gas in cylinder is discharged in exhaust passage by throttle upper vent hole;
3) throttle is opened, and the waste gas in cylinder is discharged in exhaust passage by the clearance channel that throttle is opened;
4) when piston upwards exhaust will arrive budc, air intake valve opens air inlet, sweeps off the residual gas in passage and cylinder;
5) when piston arrives top dead center, scavenging terminates, and drain tap is closed.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages:
1, throttle and auxiliary exhaust door is taked to cooperatively interact, exhaust and gas-entered passageway sectional area can be made to reach 40% ~ 45% of cylinder cross section, improve exhaust and gas-entered passageway sectional area to greatest extent, make the resistance of exhaust and air inlet all reach minimum, sufficiently lower the energy ezpenditure of air inlet and exhaust;
2, exhaust valve area increases, and reduces prerelease crank angle, makes that the heat energy of working medium is as much as possible is converted into mechanical energy, reduces the resistance of forced exhaust, reduces the energy ezpenditure of forced exhaust, improve the heat output conversion rate of motor, save fuel oil;
3, this motor can realize late release valve, discharges unnecessary non-working gas when idling and Smaller load, reduces the energy ezpenditure of pressurized gas, and can meet under different operating mode, enter the air quantity of requirement in cylinder;
4, exhaust valve is successively opened successively, and auxiliary exhaust door first opens decompression, reduces the energy ezpenditure that throttle is opened.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below the content expressed by each width accompanying drawing of this specification and the mark in figure are briefly described:
Fig. 1 is the cylinder configuration schematic diagram that the present invention has throttle and auxiliary exhaust door.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 cylinder operation control structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the cylinder configuration schematic diagram of late release valve of the present invention.
In Fig. 1 to Fig. 3: 12. throttles, 13. auxiliary exhaust doors, 14. air intake valves, 15. drain taps, 16. gas-entered passageways, 17. exhaust passages, 18. rocking arms I, 19. rocking arms II, 20. valve actuating push rods I, 21. valve actuating push rods II, 22. vents, 23. spark plugs, 24. cams I, 25. cams II, 26. cams III, 27. cams IV, the control spring of 28. air intake valves, the control spring of 29. drain taps, the control spring of 30. auxiliary exhaust doors, 31. pistons, the control spring of 32. throttles, 33. oil hydraulic cylinders I, 34. oil hydraulic cylinders II, 35. control links, 36. fluid drives, 37. slider I, 38. slide blocks II, 39. return springs, 40. poles, 41. gas pedals, 42. pressure springs.
Embodiment
Contrast accompanying drawing below, by the description to embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, this energy-saving engine, comprise cylinder block and head, cylinder head is arranged in cylinder block, in cylinder head, corresponding cylinder block is provided with a throttle, gas-entered passageway and exhaust passage throttle place in cylinder head is connected, and is provided with air intake valve 14, is provided with drain tap 15 in exhaust passage 17 in gas-entered passageway 16.Be provided with auxiliary exhaust door 13 in throttle 12, on throttle 12, corresponding auxiliary exhaust door is provided with vent 22, and vent is connected with exhaust passage.
In the motor that throttle and auxiliary exhaust door combine, throttle 12 area reaches 55% of cylinder cross section, and the air outlet flue sectional area formed when opening completely can reach 40% ~ 45% of cylinder cross section; Auxiliary exhaust door 13 is embedded in throttle 12; When auxiliary exhaust door 13 is in closed condition, can close the vent 22 of throttle 12, when auxiliary exhaust door 13 is opened, the gas in cylinder can flow to exhaust passage 17 by the Clearance Flow of opening again to vent 22 and discharge.
Throttle 12 is connected with valve actuating push rod I 20, and auxiliary exhaust door 13 is connected with door push rod II 21, is controlled the closedown of two valves by cam I 24 and cam II 25 or is opened.Air intake valve 14 controls the closedown of gas-entered passageway 16 or opens, and air intake valve 14 to cam IV 27, when cam IV 27 turns to different angles, makes air intake valve 14 be in the different conditions closed or open by rocking arm I 18.Drain tap 15 controls the closedown of exhaust passage 17 or opens, and drain tap 15 to cam III 26, when cam III 26 turns to different angles, makes drain tap 15 be in the different conditions closed or open by rocking arm II 19.
This energy-saving engine working principle and method of controlling exhaust gas are:
When motor carries out expansion stroke, the air intake valve 14 controlled in gas-entered passageway by the control spring 28 of air intake valve is in closed condition, arrive before bottom dead center when piston 31 moves, cam III 26 is jack-up rocking arm II 19 upwards, open the drain tap 15 in exhaust passage, meanwhile, cam I 24 is applied to valve actuating push rod II 21 downwards makes auxiliary exhaust door 13 first open, gas in cylinder flow to exhaust passage 17 by the Clearance Flow of opening again to vent 22 and discharges, after cylinder pressure declines, cam I 24 continues clockwise movement and pushes up valve actuating push rod I 20 downwards, open throttle 12, the Clearance Flow that the gas of cylinder is opened by throttle is discharged to exhaust passage 17.
When throttle 12 is opened, the exhaust passage sectional area of formation can reach 40% ~ 45% of cylinder cross section, and be therefore vented very unobstructed, exhaust resistance is very little, and exhaust energy consumption reaches minimum.
When piston 31 exhaust that moves upward will arrive budc, cam IV 27 rotates upwards jack-up rocking arm I 18, air intake valve 14 in gas-entered passageway is opened, turbosupercharging is by gas-entered passageway air inlet and carry out scavenging, sweep off the residual gas in passage and cylinder between two valves, after scavenging terminates, the projection of cam III 26 rotates clockwise below, the control spring 29 of drain tap makes the descending closedown exhaust passage 17 of drain tap 15, air starts to enter cylinder, at this moment, cam II 25 is taken over cam I 24 and is continued to act on valve actuating push rod I 20, throttle is made still to stay open state, aspirating stroke starts to carry out, after aspirating stroke completes, the control spring 32 of throttle pops up, and throttle 12 is closed, and meanwhile the control spring 30 of auxiliary exhaust door also pops up, and auxiliary exhaust door 13 is closed, motor starts compression stroke, and after compression stroke completes, lighted a fire by spark plug 23 in this cylinder, fuel oil can take in-cylinder direct injection to supply.
In exhaust process, the throttle classification of auxiliary exhaust door and exhaust is successively opened successively, and auxiliary exhaust door first opens decompression, reduces the energy ezpenditure that throttle is opened.
As shown in Figure 3, fluid drive is provided with between gas pedal 41 and the support 40 of valve actuating push rod, slider I 37 and slide block II 38 is respectively equipped with in the oil cylinder of hydrostatic sensor, slider I and the perpendicular layout of slide block II, slider I is corresponding with cam, and slide block II is corresponding with the pole 40 on valve actuating push rod; Pressure spring 42 is provided with between the housing of hydrostatic sensor and cylinder head, the return spring 39 of slider I return is provided with in oil cylinder, the housing of control link 35 one end and hydrostatic sensor is fixed together, the control link the other end is connected with the piston rod of oil hydraulic cylinder II 34, oil hydraulic cylinder II is connected to oil hydraulic cylinder I 33 by hydraulic tube again, and the piston rod of oil hydraulic cylinder I is connected with gas pedal 41.
When motor is in idling, people's pin is totally released gas pedal 41, pressure spring 42 just makes fluid drive 36 move right, cam II 25 is applied to the slider I 37 of fluid drive 36, and extruding slider I 37 makes it slide left, by hydraulic transmission, the slide block II 38 of fluid drive is pressed down, be applied on the pole 40 of valve actuating push rod, make throttle 12 late release, at this moment piston is in up compression stroke, the air that do not do work that discharge section is unnecessary; After said process completes, the cam II 25 of rotation departs from slider I 37, and return spring 39 promotes slider I 37 and slides to the right, return to original position, meanwhile, slide block II 38 unclamps the pole 40 of valve actuating push rod, throttle 12 is closed, and piston continues up compression residual gas.In above process, owing to having discharged unnecessary not working gas, because this reducing the energy ezpenditure of pressurized gas, energy-conservation object has been reached.
When motor is at full capacity, the downward accelerator pedal 41 of people's pin, pressure is delivered to oil hydraulic cylinder II 34 by oil hydraulic cylinder I 33, promotes control link 35 and is moved to the left, pull fluid drive 36 to be also moved to the left, slider I 37 is away from cam II 25, cam II 25 would not be applied in slider I 37, would not late release throttle 12, and throttle 12 can be closed in time, make in cylinder, there is enough gas, meet the needs of operating mode at full capacity.
People to step on the throttle pedal according to different operating mode, and oil hydraulic cylinder I 33 transmits pressure to oil hydraulic cylinder II 34, makes control link 35 drive fluid drive; Make fluid drive 36 keep different distance according to different operating mode and cam II 25, fluid drive 36 according to the time length of different operating conditions throttle 12 late release, the air quantity required when reaching satisfied different operating mode.
Above by reference to the accompanying drawings to invention has been exemplary description; obvious specific implementation of the present invention is not subject to the restrictions described above; as long as have employed the improvement of the various unsubstantialities that design of the present invention and technological scheme are carried out; or design of the present invention and technological scheme directly applied to other occasion, all within protection scope of the present invention without to improve.
Claims (3)
1. an energy-saving engine, comprise cylinder block and head, described cylinder head is arranged in cylinder block, it is characterized in that: in described cylinder head, corresponding cylinder block is provided with a throttle, gas-entered passageway and exhaust passage throttle place in cylinder head is connected, be provided with air intake valve in described gas-entered passageway, in described exhaust passage, be provided with drain tap; Be provided with auxiliary exhaust door in described throttle, on throttle, corresponding auxiliary exhaust door is provided with vent, and vent is connected with exhaust passage; Also comprise fluid drive, the housing of described fluid drive is connected with oil hydraulic cylinder by hydraulic tubing with between gas pedal, pressure spring is provided with between the housing of described fluid drive and cylinder head, described fluid drive is provided with the slider I corresponding with cam, fluid drive is also provided with the slide block II corresponding with the pole on valve actuating push rod, in fluid drive inner cylinder, is provided with the return spring for slider I return.
2. energy-saving engine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described air intake valve and drain tap are respectively equipped with rocking arm, the unlatching of rocking arm control air intake valve corresponding with the cam of camshaft and drain tap two valve or closedown.
3. a method of controlling exhaust gas for energy-saving engine as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described method of controlling exhaust gas comprises the following steps:
1) when motor enters exhaust stroke, the air intake valve in gas-entered passageway is closed, and the drain tap in exhaust passage is opened;
2) auxiliary exhaust door is opened, and the waste gas in cylinder is discharged in exhaust passage by throttle upper vent hole;
3) throttle is opened, and the waste gas in cylinder is discharged in exhaust passage by the clearance channel that throttle is opened;
4) when piston upwards exhaust will arrive budc, air intake valve opens air inlet, sweeps off the residual gas in passage and cylinder;
5) when piston arrives top dead center, scavenging terminates, and drain tap is closed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310425832.3A CN103470327B (en) | 2013-09-17 | 2013-09-17 | Energy-saving engine and exhaust control method for same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310425832.3A CN103470327B (en) | 2013-09-17 | 2013-09-17 | Energy-saving engine and exhaust control method for same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103470327A CN103470327A (en) | 2013-12-25 |
| CN103470327B true CN103470327B (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107023340B (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2023-02-28 | 湖北科技学院 | Automobile engine |
| CN110043388A (en) * | 2019-05-18 | 2019-07-23 | 崔宝才 | Internal combustion engine air-exhausting air-entering air interchanger |
| CN115875101A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-03-31 | 李健 | General air valve for air intake and exhaust of engine |
| CN115288823B (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2024-07-19 | 江西维德机械制造有限公司 | Pressure relief type engine exhaust valve for side wall air outlet |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GR1003890B (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2002-05-20 | Internal combustion engine of variable capacity, variable compression ratio and alternative combustible | |
| US6817326B1 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2004-11-16 | Kevin J. Anibas | Valve system for internal combustion engines |
| CN101349174A (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2009-01-21 | 靳宇男 | Combined valve body external opening distribution engine |
| CN202007717U (en) * | 2010-07-24 | 2011-10-12 | 钱勇胜 | Big-valve four-stroke diesel engine |
| CN203452863U (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2014-02-26 | 汪辉 | Energy-saving engine |
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