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CN103467774A - Composition applicable to surface flame retardance of rigid polyurethane foam insulation board - Google Patents

Composition applicable to surface flame retardance of rigid polyurethane foam insulation board Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103467774A
CN103467774A CN2013104355107A CN201310435510A CN103467774A CN 103467774 A CN103467774 A CN 103467774A CN 2013104355107 A CN2013104355107 A CN 2013104355107A CN 201310435510 A CN201310435510 A CN 201310435510A CN 103467774 A CN103467774 A CN 103467774A
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flame retardant
insulation board
foam insulation
mass
parts
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钱立军
辛菲
冯发飞
汤朔
邱勇
孙楠
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Beijing Technology and Business University
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Beijing Technology and Business University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a composition which is prepared by compounding an intumescent flame retardant and a solid flame retardant with an efficient flame retardant characteristic. The rigid polyurethane foam insulation board is prepared by the following steps: by taking the intumescent flame retardant, the solid flame retardant and a liquid adhesive as raw materials, fully stirring the raw materials at room temperature for 2-60 minutes to obtain a uniform mixture; then, spraying the mixture to the surface of the rigid polyurethane foam insulation board and controlling the thickness of the coating; and finally, maintaining for 0.1-12 hours in an oven at constant temperature to obtain the rigid polyurethane foam insulation board with a flame retardant surface. The flame retardant coating can effectively solve the problem of the flammable surface of the insulation board.

Description

一种适用于聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面阻燃的组合物A composition suitable for flame retardancy on the surface of polyurethane rigid foam insulation board

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种由膨胀型阻燃剂与固态阻燃剂复配的具有高效阻燃特性的组合物,属于利用多种材料复配组合的方式取得具有阻燃性能材料的技术领域。The invention relates to a composition with high-efficiency flame-retardant properties compounded by an intumescent flame retardant and a solid flame retardant, and belongs to the technical field of obtaining materials with flame-retardant properties by compounding and combining various materials.

背景技术Background technique

硬质聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF)由于导热系数低、抗压强度高、质轻、粘结性好、易于加工等一系列优点,因此在建筑墙体节能保温领域具有广泛的应用;采用聚氨酯等高分子泡沫塑料替代传统无机保温材料广泛用于建筑领域已成为各国持续发展经济、节约能源的重要措施之一。Due to a series of advantages such as low thermal conductivity, high compressive strength, light weight, good adhesion, and easy processing, rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) has a wide range of applications in the field of energy-saving and thermal insulation of building walls; polymers such as polyurethane are used It has become one of the important measures for sustainable economic development and energy conservation in various countries to replace traditional inorganic thermal insulation materials with foam plastics and widely used in the construction field.

聚氨酯硬泡保温板自身暴露在热源或火源下极易燃烧,且火焰传播速度非常快,其LOI值仅为19.2%,因此,该材料在建筑领域进一步应用时需要大力提高其阻燃性能。Polyurethane rigid foam insulation board itself is very easy to burn when exposed to heat or fire, and the flame spreads very fast, and its LOI value is only 19.2%. Therefore, the further application of this material in the construction field needs to greatly improve its flame retardancy.

目前,解决聚氨酯硬泡保温板易燃问题的两种主要途径为:一、通过使用阻燃剂对保温板芯材进行阻燃改性;二、通过使用有机或无机阻燃剂对保温板表面做阻燃处理。At present, there are two main ways to solve the flammability problem of polyurethane rigid foam insulation boards: first, by using flame retardants to modify the core material of insulation boards; Do flame retardant treatment.

例如,专利申请号201220017493.6公开了一种六面包覆型阻燃聚氨酯保温复合板,其特点在于它的六面是由阻燃水泥基界面毡包覆的,具有较好的表面阻燃性能;类似地,201020232569.8公开了一种防水保温防火装饰一体板,同样对表面做了阻燃处理。For example, patent application number 201220017493.6 discloses a six-sided coated flame-retardant polyurethane thermal insulation composite board, which is characterized in that its six sides are covered by flame-retardant cement-based interface felt, which has good surface flame-retardant properties; Similarly, 201020232569.8 discloses a waterproof, thermal, fireproof and decorative integrated board, which also has flame-retardant treatment on the surface.

本发明主要通过对保温板表面用阻燃涂层做阻燃处理来解决聚氨酯硬泡表面易燃的问题。The invention mainly solves the problem that the polyurethane hard foam surface is flammable by performing flame-retardant treatment on the surface of the insulation board with a flame-retardant coating.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明采用膨胀型阻燃剂与固态阻燃剂复配,与液态胶粘剂充分混合后,涂敷于聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面来制备防火涂层。The invention adopts compounding of intumescent flame retardant and solid flame retardant, fully mixed with liquid adhesive, and then coating on the surface of polyurethane rigid foam insulation board to prepare fireproof coating.

所用原料:聚氨酯硬泡保温板、膨胀型阻燃剂(工业级)、固态阻燃剂(工业级)、液态胶粘剂(工业级)。Raw materials used: polyurethane rigid foam insulation board, intumescent flame retardant (industrial grade), solid flame retardant (industrial grade), liquid adhesive (industrial grade).

为了更进一步地说明本发明的技术方案,列出了如下的详细内容:In order to further illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention, the following details are listed:

所述的液态胶粘剂为羧甲基纤维素钠、尼龙12、聚乙烯醇缩甲醛胶、乙烯-乙酸乙烯共聚物热熔胶、丙烯酸酯乳液胶粘剂中的一种。The liquid adhesive is one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, nylon 12, polyvinyl formal adhesive, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer hot melt adhesive, and acrylate emulsion adhesive.

所述的膨胀型阻燃剂为聚磷酸铵/季戊四醇/三聚氰胺三元复合阻燃剂、可膨胀石墨、蛭石中的一种或几种。The intumescent flame retardant is one or more of ammonium polyphosphate/pentaerythritol/melamine ternary composite flame retardant, expandable graphite, and vermiculite.

较好地,所述的膨胀型阻燃剂含聚磷酸铵/季戊四醇/三聚氰胺时,聚磷酸铵:季戊四醇:三聚氰胺=10-80质量份:5-40质量份:5-50质量份。Preferably, when the intumescent flame retardant contains ammonium polyphosphate/pentaerythritol/melamine, ammonium polyphosphate: pentaerythritol: melamine=10-80 parts by mass: 5-40 parts by mass: 5-50 parts by mass.

所述的固态阻燃剂为氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝、红磷、磷酸三苯酯中的一种或几种。The solid flame retardant is one or more of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, red phosphorus, and triphenyl phosphate.

本发明的具体制备方法为:Concrete preparation method of the present invention is:

取液态胶粘剂100质量份,添加膨胀型阻燃剂10-100质量份,添加固态阻燃剂0-100质量份。Take 100 parts by mass of liquid adhesive, add 10-100 parts by mass of intumescent flame retardant, and add 0-100 parts by mass of solid flame retardant.

根据上述的组合物配制比例,先将膨胀型阻燃剂、固态阻燃剂与液态胶粘剂在室温下充分搅拌2-60分钟,得到混合均匀的混合物,再将该混合物对聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面进行喷涂,控制涂层的厚度0.1-2毫米,最后在烘箱中恒温保持0.1小时-12小时,固化完成后,得到具有阻燃表面的聚氨酯硬泡保温板。According to the above-mentioned composition ratio, first fully stir the intumescent flame retardant, solid flame retardant and liquid adhesive at room temperature for 2-60 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed mixture, and then apply the mixture to the surface of the polyurethane rigid foam insulation board Spraying is carried out, and the thickness of the coating is controlled to 0.1-2 mm, and finally kept at a constant temperature in an oven for 0.1-12 hours. After curing, a polyurethane rigid foam insulation board with a flame-retardant surface is obtained.

利用本发明方法,可以综合膨胀型阻燃剂受热后膨胀与固态阻燃剂受热后分解所产生的双重阻隔作用,能够在很大程度上抑制外界热量向芯材部分的传递,因此,可以实现聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面的阻燃;使用本发明涂层厚度在0.1毫米时,采用酒精灯点燃时,聚氨酯硬泡保温材料点燃时间推迟35分钟;涂层厚度在1.0毫米时,采用酒精灯点燃时,聚氨酯硬泡保温材料点燃时间推迟2小时以上。Utilizing the method of the present invention, the double barrier function produced by the thermal expansion of the intumescent flame retardant and the thermal decomposition of the solid flame retardant can be integrated, and the transfer of external heat to the core material can be suppressed to a large extent. Therefore, it can realize The flame retardancy of the surface of the polyurethane rigid foam insulation board; when the coating thickness of the present invention is 0.1 mm, when the alcohol lamp is used to ignite, the ignition time of the polyurethane rigid foam insulation material is delayed by 35 minutes; when the coating thickness is 1.0 mm, the alcohol lamp is used to ignite At this time, the ignition time of polyurethane rigid foam insulation materials is delayed by more than 2 hours.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

实施例1称取丙烯酸酯乳液胶粘剂100质量份,添加膨胀型阻燃剂:聚磷酸铵20质量份、季戊四醇10质量份、三聚氰胺15质量份,添加氢氧化镁20质量份,在室温下充分搅拌10分钟,以得到均匀的混合物,再将该混合物对聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面进行喷涂,控制涂层的厚度,最后在烘箱中恒温保持0.5小时,取出测厚为0.5毫米,采用酒精灯点燃时,聚氨酯硬泡保温材料点燃时间推迟1小时以上。Example 1 Weigh 100 parts by mass of acrylate emulsion adhesive, add intumescent flame retardant: 20 parts by mass of ammonium polyphosphate, 10 parts by mass of pentaerythritol, 15 parts by mass of melamine, add 20 parts by mass of magnesium hydroxide, and fully stir at room temperature 10 minutes to obtain a uniform mixture, and then spray the mixture on the surface of the polyurethane rigid foam insulation board to control the thickness of the coating, and finally keep the temperature in the oven for 0.5 hours, take it out and measure the thickness as 0.5mm, and use an alcohol lamp to light it , The ignition time of polyurethane rigid foam insulation materials is delayed by more than 1 hour.

实施例2称取丙烯酸酯乳液胶粘剂100质量份,添加膨胀型阻燃剂:聚磷酸铵20质量份、季戊四醇10质量份、三聚氰胺15质量份,添加氢氧化铝20质量份,在室温下充分搅拌10分钟,以得到均匀的混合物,再将该混合物对聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面进行喷涂,控制涂层的厚度,最后在烘箱中恒温保持0.5小时,取出测厚为0.3毫米,采用酒精灯点燃时,聚氨酯硬泡保温材料点燃时间推迟48分钟以上。Example 2 Weigh 100 parts by mass of acrylate emulsion adhesive, add intumescent flame retardant: 20 parts by mass of ammonium polyphosphate, 10 parts by mass of pentaerythritol, 15 parts by mass of melamine, add 20 parts by mass of aluminum hydroxide, and fully stir at room temperature 10 minutes to get a uniform mixture, and then spray the mixture on the surface of the polyurethane rigid foam insulation board to control the thickness of the coating, and finally keep the temperature in the oven for 0.5 hours, take it out and measure the thickness as 0.3 mm, and use an alcohol lamp to light it , The ignition time of polyurethane rigid foam insulation materials is delayed by more than 48 minutes.

实施例3称取丙烯酸酯乳液胶粘剂100质量份,添加膨胀型阻燃剂:聚磷酸铵20质量份、季戊四醇10质量份、三聚氰胺15质量份,添加氢氧化镁20质量份,在室温下充分搅拌10分钟,以得到均匀的混合物,再将该混合物对聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面进行喷涂,控制涂层的厚度,最后在烘箱中恒温保持0.5小时,取出测厚为0.5毫米,在700℃下灼烧10秒,表面增加的厚度为0.8毫米。Example 3 Weigh 100 parts by mass of acrylate emulsion adhesive, add intumescent flame retardant: 20 parts by mass of ammonium polyphosphate, 10 parts by mass of pentaerythritol, 15 parts by mass of melamine, add 20 parts by mass of magnesium hydroxide, and fully stir at room temperature 10 minutes to obtain a uniform mixture, and then spray the mixture on the surface of the polyurethane rigid foam insulation board to control the thickness of the coating, and finally keep it in the oven for 0.5 hours at a constant temperature, take it out to measure the thickness of 0.5 mm, and burn it at 700 ° C After burning for 10 seconds, the thickness of the surface increased by 0.8 mm.

实施例4称取聚乙烯醇缩甲醛胶100质量份,添加膨胀型阻燃剂:聚磷酸铵30质量份、季戊四醇10质量份、三聚氰胺20质量份,添加氢氧化铝25质量份,在室温下充分搅拌10分钟,以得到均匀的混合物,再将该混合物对聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面进行喷涂,控制涂层的厚度,最后在烘箱中恒温保持0.5小时,取出测厚为0.5毫米,在500℃下灼烧10秒,表面增加的厚度为0.6毫米。Example 4 Weigh 100 parts by mass of polyvinyl formal glue, add intumescent flame retardant: 30 parts by mass of ammonium polyphosphate, 10 parts by mass of pentaerythritol, 20 parts by mass of melamine, add 25 parts by mass of aluminum hydroxide, at room temperature Fully stir for 10 minutes to obtain a uniform mixture, and then spray the mixture on the surface of the polyurethane rigid foam insulation board to control the thickness of the coating, and finally keep it in the oven for 0.5 hours at a constant temperature, take it out and measure the thickness as 0.5mm, and test it at 500°C Under burning for 10 seconds, the thickness of the surface increased by 0.6 mm.

实施例5称取聚乙烯醇缩甲醛胶100质量份,添加膨胀型阻燃剂:聚磷酸铵30质量份、季戊四醇10质量份、三聚氰胺20质量份,添加氢氧化铝25质量份,在室温下充分搅拌10分钟,以得到均匀的混合物,再将该混合物对聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面进行喷涂,控制涂层的厚度,最后在烘箱中恒温保持0.5小时,取出测厚为0.5毫米,在600℃下灼烧10秒,表面增加的厚度为0.9毫米。Example 5 Weigh 100 parts by mass of polyvinyl formal glue, add intumescent flame retardant: 30 parts by mass of ammonium polyphosphate, 10 parts by mass of pentaerythritol, 20 parts by mass of melamine, add 25 parts by mass of aluminum hydroxide, at room temperature Fully stir for 10 minutes to obtain a uniform mixture, and then spray the mixture on the surface of the polyurethane rigid foam insulation board to control the thickness of the coating, and finally keep it in the oven for 0.5 hours at a constant temperature, take it out and measure the thickness as 0.5 mm, at 600 ° C Under burning for 10 seconds, the thickness of the surface increased by 0.9 mm.

实施例6称取聚乙烯醇缩甲醛胶100质量份,添加膨胀型阻燃剂:聚磷酸铵30质量份、季戊四醇10质量份、三聚氰胺20质量份,添加氢氧化镁25质量份,在室温下充分搅拌10分钟,以得到均匀的混合物,再将该混合物对聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面进行喷涂,控制涂层的厚度,最后在烘箱中恒温保持0.5小时,取出测厚为0.5毫米,在700℃下灼烧10秒,表面增加的厚度为1.3毫米。Example 6 Weigh 100 parts by mass of polyvinyl formal glue, add intumescent flame retardant: 30 parts by mass of ammonium polyphosphate, 10 parts by mass of pentaerythritol, 20 parts by mass of melamine, add 25 parts by mass of magnesium hydroxide, at room temperature Fully stir for 10 minutes to obtain a uniform mixture, and then spray the mixture on the surface of the polyurethane rigid foam insulation board to control the thickness of the coating, and finally keep it in the oven for 0.5 hours at a constant temperature, take it out and measure the thickness of 0.5 mm, at 700 ° C Under burning for 10 seconds, the thickness of the surface increased by 1.3 mm.

Claims (6)

1.一种适用于聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面阻燃的组合物,其特征在于聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面阻燃的组合物采用膨胀型阻燃剂、固态阻燃剂与液态胶粘剂为原料,先将膨胀型阻燃剂、固态阻燃剂与液态胶粘剂在室温下充分搅拌2-60分钟,以得到均匀的混合物,再将该混合物对聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面进行喷涂,控制涂层的厚度,最后在烘箱中恒温保持0.1小时-12小时,获取具有阻燃表面的聚氨酯硬泡保温板。1. A composition suitable for flame retardant on the surface of polyurethane rigid foam insulation board, characterized in that the surface flame retardant composition of polyurethane rigid foam insulation board adopts intumescent flame retardant, solid flame retardant and liquid adhesive as raw materials, first Fully stir the intumescent flame retardant, solid flame retardant and liquid adhesive at room temperature for 2-60 minutes to obtain a uniform mixture, and then spray the mixture on the surface of the polyurethane rigid foam insulation board to control the thickness of the coating. Finally, keep the temperature in an oven at a constant temperature for 0.1-12 hours to obtain a rigid polyurethane foam insulation board with a flame-retardant surface. 2.根据权利要求1所述的适用于聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面阻燃的组合物,其特征在于组合物中液态胶粘剂100质量份,膨胀型阻燃剂10-100质量份,固态阻燃剂0-100质量份。2. The composition suitable for flame retardant on the surface of polyurethane rigid foam insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that in the composition, 100 parts by mass of liquid adhesive, 10-100 parts by mass of intumescent flame retardant, and 100 parts by mass of solid flame retardant 0-100 parts by mass. 3.根据权利要求2所述的适用于聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面阻燃的组合物,其特征在于液态胶粘剂为羧甲基纤维素钠、尼龙12、聚乙烯醇缩甲醛胶、乙烯-乙酸乙烯共聚物热熔胶、丙烯酸酯乳液胶粘剂中的一种。3. according to claim 2, be applicable to the composition of polyurethane rigid foam insulation board surface flame retardant, it is characterized in that liquid adhesive is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, nylon 12, polyvinyl formal glue, ethylene-vinyl acetate One of copolymer hot melt adhesives and acrylate emulsion adhesives. 4.根据权利要求2所述的适用于聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面阻燃的组合物,其特征在于膨胀型阻燃剂为聚磷酸铵/季戊四醇/三聚氰胺三元复合阻燃剂、可膨胀石墨、蛭石中的一种或几种。4. The composition suitable for flame retardant on the surface of polyurethane rigid foam insulation board according to claim 2, characterized in that the intumescent flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate/pentaerythritol/melamine ternary composite flame retardant, expandable graphite, One or several types of vermiculite. 5.根据权利要求2或4所述的适用于聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面阻燃的组合物,其特征在于膨胀型阻燃剂含聚磷酸铵/季戊四醇/三聚氰胺时,聚磷酸铵:季戊四醇:三聚氰胺=10-80质量份:5-40质量份:5-50质量份。5. The composition suitable for flame retardancy on the surface of polyurethane rigid foam insulation board according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that when the intumescent flame retardant contains ammonium polyphosphate/pentaerythritol/melamine, ammonium polyphosphate: pentaerythritol: melamine =10-80 parts by mass: 5-40 parts by mass: 5-50 parts by mass. 6.根据权利要求2所述的适用于聚氨酯硬泡保温板表面阻燃的组合物,其特征在于固态阻燃剂为氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝、红磷、磷酸三苯酯中的一种或几种。6. according to claim 2, be applicable to the composition of polyurethane rigid foam insulation board surface flame retardant, it is characterized in that solid flame retardant is a kind of in magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, red phosphorus, triphenyl phosphate or several.
CN2013104355107A 2013-09-24 2013-09-24 Composition applicable to surface flame retardance of rigid polyurethane foam insulation board Pending CN103467774A (en)

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CN104277519A (en) * 2014-10-28 2015-01-14 成都纳硕科技有限公司 Ultraviolet curable antifouling flame-retardant coating for plastic circuit board
CN104788640A (en) * 2015-04-28 2015-07-22 南通苏东新型外墙保温板有限公司 Preparation method of flame-retardant hard foam polyurethane
CN107043529A (en) * 2017-03-21 2017-08-15 王正恒 A kind of flame-retardant composite insulation and its preparation method and application
CN110591424A (en) * 2019-10-29 2019-12-20 中国民航大学 Preparation method of aluminum phosphate gum-based halogen-free high-expansion flame-retardant heat-insulating fireproof coating
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CN116041823A (en) * 2022-12-29 2023-05-02 金旸(厦门)新材料科技有限公司 Halogen-free intumescent flame-retardant antistatic thermoplastic elastomer composite foaming material and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (8)

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CN104277519A (en) * 2014-10-28 2015-01-14 成都纳硕科技有限公司 Ultraviolet curable antifouling flame-retardant coating for plastic circuit board
CN104788640A (en) * 2015-04-28 2015-07-22 南通苏东新型外墙保温板有限公司 Preparation method of flame-retardant hard foam polyurethane
CN107043529A (en) * 2017-03-21 2017-08-15 王正恒 A kind of flame-retardant composite insulation and its preparation method and application
CN110591424A (en) * 2019-10-29 2019-12-20 中国民航大学 Preparation method of aluminum phosphate gum-based halogen-free high-expansion flame-retardant heat-insulating fireproof coating
CN110591424B (en) * 2019-10-29 2021-07-06 中国民航大学 A kind of preparation method of aluminum phosphate glue-based halogen-free high-expansion flame-retardant heat-insulating fire-retardant coating
CN113943443A (en) * 2020-07-15 2022-01-18 中关村人居环境工程与材料研究院 Film-coated flame-retardant thermal-insulation material and preparation method thereof
CN116041823A (en) * 2022-12-29 2023-05-02 金旸(厦门)新材料科技有限公司 Halogen-free intumescent flame-retardant antistatic thermoplastic elastomer composite foaming material and preparation method thereof
CN116041823B (en) * 2022-12-29 2023-11-03 金旸(厦门)新材料科技有限公司 Halogen-free intumescent flame-retardant antistatic thermoplastic elastomer composite foaming material and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20131225