CN103464246B - A kind of long fibre biomass material pulverizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a long-fiber biomass raw material pulverizer, which comprises: a shell; a raw material conveying mechanism, which includes a belt, and one end of the belt extends into the shell; a material guide mechanism, installed in the shell In the body, the material guide mechanism includes a first material guide mechanism and a second material guide mechanism, the second material guide mechanism is arranged at the end of the belt, and the first material guide mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the belt and the second material guide mechanism; The first material guide mechanism includes a first roller, a second roller, a third roller, and a first motor; the second material guide mechanism includes a fourth roller, a fifth roller, and a second motor; the crushing mechanism is installed in the housing, The crushing mechanism includes a shaft, a rubbing plate, a first screen and a third motor that drives the shaft to rotate. Hammers are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the shaft. The rubbing plate and the fifth roller are separately arranged on both sides of the shaft. The lower side of the shaft and its two ends extend to the fifth roller and the rubbing plate respectively. The invention can adapt to the pulverization of long-fiber biomass raw materials.

Description

A long fiber biomass raw material pulverizer

technical field

The invention relates to a grinder, in particular to a grinder for long-fiber biomass raw materials.

Background technique

At present, all countries in the world attach great importance to the development and utilization of renewable energy, and biomass resources are the only resources that can be stored and transported in renewable energy, and have become a hot spot in the research and development of renewable energy. The crushing of biomass raw materials is a very important link in the utilization of biomass resources. Sometimes, the quality of crushing directly affects the utilization of biomass resources. Taking the production of biomass briquettes as an example, crushing is a necessary part of the pretreatment of biomass raw materials in the production process. Because the particle size of biomass raw materials is an important factor affecting compression molding. For a certain molding method, the particle size of the raw material should not be larger than a certain size. For example: for granulated fuel with a diameter of 6mm, it is usually required that the particle size of the raw material is not greater than 5mm. Generally speaking, raw materials with small particle size are easy to compress, and raw materials with large particle size are more difficult to compress. The smaller the particle size of the raw material, the greater the elongation or deformation of the particles under the same pressure and experimental conditions, that is, the smaller the particle size, the easier it is to form. This tendency is more obvious under the conditions of molding methods that require smaller particle size of raw materials. The particle size of the raw material also affects the efficiency of the molding machine and the quality of the molded product. For example, when the particle size of the raw material is large, the molding machine will not work effectively, the energy consumption will be large, and the output will be small. The particle size of the raw material is uneven, especially when the shape difference is large, the surface of the molded product will have cracks, and the density and strength will decrease. However, for some forming methods, such as stamping, the raw material is required to have a larger size or higher fiber content, and the small particle size of the raw material is easy to cause shedding.

Biomass feedstocks are diverse and complex. There are even greater differences between the north and the south. The same plant grows in different areas and has different requirements for crushing, and the regularity is not obvious.

Plants in the north have a long growth cycle, and the crushing conditions are easier than those in the south. The most typical ones are tree species such as red pine and larch in the north, which are easier to crush and have a higher crushing yield. Other tree species are also relatively easy to crush due to the production environment.

The plant growth cycle in the south is short, the crushing conditions are more complicated, and the biomass fibers after crushing are long, uneven, and have poor fluidity, which brings certain difficulties to the application of biomass raw materials.

Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control the crushing process of biomass raw materials so that the crushed biomass raw materials can meet production needs. The pulverizer has become a very important equipment in the pulverization process of biomass raw materials. However, there is currently no pulverizer specifically for long-fiber biomass raw materials, such as a pulverizer with a patent number of 201210049152.1, which belongs to a pulverizer for biomass raw materials. Including the casing, the feed inlet on the side of the casing, the discharge outlet at the bottom of the casing, the main transmission device, the feed transmission device, the main shaft, the first pressing roller, the second pressing roller, the disc, the disc connecting shaft and the hammer For tableting, the first pressure roller is driven by the feed transmission device and located in the feed port, the second pressure roller is driven by the main transmission device and located in the discharge port, and at least two of the discs are arranged on the main shaft and Located in the casing, the discs are connected by at least two disc connecting shafts, the hitting pieces are fixedly arranged on the disc connecting shafts, the main shaft is driven by the main transmission device, and the first cutter fixed on the main shaft is also included. Knife, the first cutter is located in the casing, the main shaft passes through the casing, and is rotatably connected with the casing. Another example is the biomass double discharge device pulverizer whose patent number is 201120064646.8, which provides a pulverizer with double biomass discharge device, which includes a pulverizer body, a feed hopper, a pulverizer frame, a motor, and a discharge device, The output shaft of the motor is connected to the main shaft of the pulverizer body, the pulverizer body is fixed on the pulverizer frame, and at least two sets of rotating blades are arranged on the main shaft, and the bottom of the feeding hopper communicates with the interior of the pulverizer body for The lower edge of the feed port of the hopper is provided with a bottom support plate of the feed port, and a discharge device is respectively fixed at both ends of the pulverizer frame, and the discharge device communicates with the interior of the pulverizer body. A fan is provided at the connection between the pulverizer body and the discharge device; the pulverizer of the biomass double discharge device adopts a double discharge device so that the pulverized material can be better discharged from the pulverizer, avoiding the material from clogging the discharge The material port causes equipment damage and reduces work efficiency.

Although the above-mentioned technical solution can crush biomass raw materials, it is not specially designed for long-fiber biomass raw materials. Due to long-fiber biomass raw material fibers are long, uneven, and poor in fluidity, this will lead to unsatisfactory crushing effect of the pulverizer, high energy consumption, low output, easy blockage, and unstable operation of the equipment.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of traditional and existing biomass raw material grinding devices, the present invention provides a pulverizer suitable for the characteristics of long-fiber biomass raw materials, which effectively solves the above problems.

For realizing above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

A long-fiber biomass raw material pulverizer, which includes:

case;

The raw material conveying mechanism, which includes a belt, one end of the belt extends into the housing, and is used to transport the raw materials in the housing;

A material guide mechanism is installed in the housing, and the material guide mechanism includes a first material guide mechanism and a second material guide mechanism, wherein the second material guide mechanism is arranged at the end of the belt, and the first material guide mechanism The material mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the belt and the second material guide mechanism; the first material guide mechanism includes a first roller, a second roller, and a third roller arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the belt, and drives the first roller, the second roller, and the second roller. The first motor that rotates the roller and the third roller, so that the first roller and the second roller can respectively crush the large and medium pieces of the raw materials conveyed on the belt; the second material guide mechanism includes conveying along the belt The fourth roller and the fifth roller arranged in sequence in the direction, and the second motor that drives the fourth roller and the fifth roller to rotate, so that the fourth roller and the third roller cooperate to crush the small pieces in the raw material, and pass through the second Five rollers transport the crushed raw materials to the crushing mechanism;

The crushing mechanism is installed in the housing. The crushing mechanism includes a shaft, a rubbing plate, a first screen, and a third motor that drives the shaft to rotate. A hammer, a rubbing plate and a fifth motor are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the shaft. The rollers are arranged on both sides of the shaft, the first screen is arranged on the lower side of the shaft and its two ends extend to the fifth roller and the rubbing board respectively.

Both ends of the first roller and the second roller extend to the outside of the side wall of the casing, the first motor is connected to one end of the first roller through a first coupling, and the other end of the first roller is connected to the first roller through a first The chain is connected to one end of the second roller, one end of the third roller extends to the outside of the side wall of the casing and is connected to the other end of the second roller through the second chain, and the other end of the third roller is connected to the side wall of the casing .

The first roller, the second roller and the third roller and the side walls of the corresponding shells are all installed with first bearings sleeved on the first roller, the second roller and the third roller.

The first roller and the second roller are arranged on the upper side of the belt, the third roller is arranged on the upper side of the second material guide mechanism, and the distance between the first roller and the belt is greater than the distance between the second roller and the belt.

Both ends of the fourth roller and the fifth roller extend to the outside of the side wall of the housing, the second motor is connected to one end of the fifth roller through the second coupling, and the other end of the fifth roller is connected to the third roller through the third The chain is connected to one end of the fourth roller.

The material conveying mechanism further includes a first runner installed in the housing, the first runner is arranged inside the end of the belt, one end of the first runner passes through the fourth chain and one end of the fourth roller connected at the other end.

One end of the shaft is fixedly connected with a second runner, and the rotor of the third motor is fixedly connected with a third runner, and the second runner and the third runner are connected through a V-shaped belt.

The first screen has an arc-shaped structure, blades are arranged between gaps of the first screen, and the blades are arranged along the arc direction of the first screen or/and the axial direction of the shaft.

The side of the rubbing plate close to the hammer is provided with a raised tip.

The crushing mechanism further includes a second screen fixedly connected to the top of the housing, and the two ends of the rubbing plate are respectively fixedly connected with the first screen and the second screen.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention can adapt to the pulverization of long-fiber biomass raw materials, can pulverize long-fiber biomass raw materials to the required particle size, and overcomes the impact of existing pulverizers on long-fiber biomass. Unsatisfactory raw material crushing effect, high energy consumption, low output, easy blockage, unstable operation of equipment and other defects.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of long-fiber biomass raw material pulverizer of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure in direction A of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure in direction B of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the first material guiding mechanism;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the second material guiding mechanism;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the shaft.

Among them: 1. Shell; 11. Main board; 12. Rib plate; 21. Belt bracket; 22. Belt; 23. Runner; 3. Guide mechanism; 31. Motor; 32. Coupling; 33. Bearing; 34, roller; 35, chain; 36, roller; 37, roller; 38, chain; 391, chain cover; 392, chain cover; 4, guide mechanism; 41, motor; 42, coupling; 43, roller; 44, roller; 45, bearing; 46, chain; 47, chain; 481, chain cover; 482, chain cover; 51, motor; 511, runner; 52, shaft; 521, runner; 522, bearing cover; 53 , hammer; 54, V-shaped belt; 55, blade; 56, rubbing board; 57, screen; 58, screen; 59, motor support.

detailed description

The content of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example:

As shown in FIG. 4 , a long-fiber biomass raw material pulverizer includes a raw material conveying mechanism, a housing 1 , a material guiding mechanism and a pulverizing mechanism. Its raw material conveying mechanism comprises belt support 21, and belt 22 and runner 23 form. The belt 22 is arranged on the belt bracket 21 , the belt 22 is oval, and the runner 23 is arranged on the inner side of the belt 22 close to the end of the housing 1 , and the runner 23 is directly connected with the belt 22 . The belt 22 and the runner 23 go deep into the inside of the pulverizer housing 1. There is a main board 11 on the housing 1 to enhance the strength of the housing 1. A rib plate 12 is arranged below for connecting the long-fiber biomass raw material pulverizer to the ground. .

The material guide mechanism includes a material guide mechanism 3 and a material guide mechanism 4, wherein the material guide mechanism 3 is shown in Figure 5, the motor 31 is connected with one end of the roller 34 through a coupling 32, the roller 34 is supported by a bearing 33, and the other end of the roller 34 One end of the roller 36 is connected through a double chain 35 , and the other end of the roller 36 is connected with a roller 37 through a double chain 38 . Rollers 36 and 37 are likewise supported by bearings. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , a chain cover 391 is arranged on the outside of the double chain 35 , and a chain cover 392 is arranged on the outside of the double chain 38 , and both the chain cover 391 and the chain cover 392 are connected to the housing 1 . Roller 34 and roller 36 are located above belt 22 and the distance between roller 34 and belt 22 is greater than the distance between roller 36 and belt 22 .

Material guiding mechanism 4 is shown in Figure 6, and motor 41 is connected with one end of roller 44 by coupling 42, and roller 44 is supported by bearing 45, and the other end of roller 44 is connected with roller 43 by double chain 46, and the other end of roller 43 The double chain 47 is connected with the runner 23, thereby driving the belt 22 to rotate so that the raw material enters the housing 1. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , a chain cover 481 is arranged outside the double chain 46 , and a chain cover 482 is arranged outside the double chain 47 , and the chain cover 481 and the chain cover 482 are connected to the housing 1 . The roller 37 is arranged on the upper side of the roller 43 and there is a certain gap between the roller 43 and the roller 37, which is used for rolling the biomass raw material.

The crushing mechanism is shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 7. One end of the shaft 52 is connected to the runner 521, and the runner 521 is connected to the runner 511 through the V-shaped belt 54, and the runner 511 is fixed on the motor 51. On the output shaft, the motor 51 is fixed on the motor bracket 59, and the motor bracket 59 is fixedly connected with the housing 1. The other end of the shaft 52 protrudes from the casing 1 , and a bearing cover 522 is arranged outside. Hammers 53 are evenly and equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction of the shaft 52. Specifically, a cylindrical structure can be fixedly connected to the shaft 52 as shown in FIG. Hammers 53 are evenly and equidistantly installed. A curved screen 58 is arranged below the hammer 53. One side of the screen 58 is close to the roller 44, and the other side is close to the rubbing plate 56. The tip of the protrusion is provided with a rectangular screen 57 near the other side of the rubbing board 56 , and the upper end of the screen 57 is connected with the housing 1 . Blades 55 are arranged between the apertures of the screen 58. One or more blades 55 can be arranged uniformly or non-uniformly along the radian direction of the screen 58 and the axial direction of the shaft 52. A certain distance is kept between the blades 55 and the hammer 53. , according to the size according to the crushing particle size requirements to adjust.

During work, motor 31 rotates clockwise, drives roller 34 to rotate clockwise by coupling 32, drives roller 36 to rotate clockwise by double chain 35, drives roller 37 to rotate clockwise by double chain 38 again. The motor 41 rotates counterclockwise, drives the roller 44 to rotate through the coupling 42, drives the roller 43 to rotate counterclockwise through the double chain 46, and then drives the runner 23 to rotate counterclockwise through the double chain 47, and the runner 23 drives the belt 22 to move. The biomass raw material on 22 is driven by the belt 22 into the pulverizer shell 1. After the raw material enters the shell, it is first rolled by the roller 34 to pulverize the larger biomass raw material, and then passes through the roller 36. The crushing of medium biomass raw materials is carried out, and then rolled with the cooperation of roller 37 and roller 43, the smaller biomass raw materials are crushed, and then transported to the crushing mechanism by roller 44. The motor 51 rotates, driving the runner 511 to rotate, the V-shaped belt 54 drives the runner 521 to rotate, the runner 521 drives the shaft 52 to rotate, the shaft 52 drives the hammer 53 to rotate, and the biomass material conveyed by the roller 44 is struck and torn. The long-fiber biomass raw material is thrown onto the rubbing board 56 by the hammer 53, and the long-fiber biomass raw material is crushed under the action of the tip of the rubbing board 56, and the long-fiber biomass raw material is crushed under the joint action of the hammer 53 and the blade 55. The biomass raw material is cut into filamentous pulverized objects to achieve the crushing effect of the long-fiber biomass raw material. The pulverized biomass raw material is discharged from the pulverizer through the screen 58 and the screen 57, and the biomass raw material that does not reach the pulverized particle size continues Under the combined action of the hammer blade 53, rubbing plate 56 and blade 55, it is pulverized until it reaches the required particle size, and then it is discharged from the pulverizer through the screen 58 and the screen 57.

The above detailed description is a specific description of the feasible embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is not used to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation or change that does not deviate from the present invention should be included in the patent scope of this case. middle.

Claims (8)

1. A long fiber biomass raw material pulverizer, is characterized in that, it comprises: shell (1); A raw material conveying mechanism, which includes a belt (22), one end of the belt (22) extends into the housing (1), and is used to transport raw materials in the housing (1); The material guide mechanism is installed in the housing (1), and the material guide mechanism includes a first material guide mechanism (3) and a second material guide mechanism (4), wherein the second material guide mechanism (4 ) is arranged on the end of the belt (22), and the first material guide mechanism (3) is arranged on the upper side of the belt (22) and the second material guide mechanism (4); the first material guide mechanism (3) It includes the first roller (34), the second roller (36), the third roller (37) arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the belt (22), and the driving first roller (34), the second roller (36), the third roller The first motor (31) that roller (37) rotates, so that the first roller (34), the second roller (36) carry out rolling respectively to the bulk and the middle piece in the raw material conveyed on the belt (22); The second material guiding mechanism (4) includes the fourth roller (43) and the fifth roller (44) arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the belt (22) and drives the fourth roller (43) and the fifth roller (44) to rotate The second motor (41) of the second motor, so that the fourth roller (43) and the third roller (37) cooperate to crush the small pieces in the raw material, and convey the rolled raw material through the fifth roller (44) into the crushing mechanism; The crushing mechanism is installed in the housing (1), and the crushing mechanism includes a shaft (52), a rubbing plate (56), a first screen (58) and a third motor (51) that drives the shaft (52) to rotate. ), the circumferential direction of the shaft (52) is evenly provided with a hammer (53), the rubbing plate (56) and the fifth roller (44) are separately located on both sides of the shaft (52), and the first screen (58) is set On the underside of the shaft (52) and its two ends extend to the fifth roller (44) and rubbing plate (56); The first screen cloth (58) is an arc structure, and blades (55) are arranged between the gaps of the first screen cloth (58), and the blades (55) are arranged along the arc of the first screen cloth (58). direction or/and the axial direction of the shaft (52); the rubbing plate (56) is provided with a protruding tip near the side of the hammer (53); the shaft (52) drives the hammer (53) to rotate, The biomass raw material conveyed by the fifth roller (44) is hit and torn, and the long-fiber biomass raw material is thrown onto the rubbing plate (56) by the hammer (53). Under the action, the long-fiber biomass raw material is crushed, and at the same time, under the joint action of the hammer (53) and the blade (55), the long-fiber biomass raw material is cut into filamentous pulverized objects. 2. The long-fiber biomass raw material pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, both ends of the first roller (34) and the second roller (36) extend to the side wall of the housing (1) Outside, the first motor (31) is connected to one end of the first roller (34) through the first coupling (32), and the other end of the first roller (34) is connected to the second roller through the first chain (35) One end of (36) links to each other, and one end of the third roller (37) extends to the outside of the side wall of the housing (1) and is connected to the other end of the second roller (36) by the second chain (38), and the third roller ( The other end of 37) is connected on the side wall of housing (1). 3. The long-fiber biomass raw material pulverizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, the housing (1) corresponding to the first roll (34), the second roll (36) and the third roll (37) ) are equipped with first bearings (33) that are sleeved on the first roller (34), the second roller (36) and the third roller (37) in the sidewall. 4. The long-fiber biomass raw material grinder according to claim 2, characterized in that, the first roll (34) and the second roll (36) are arranged on the upper side of the belt (22), and the third roll (36) is arranged on the upper side of the belt (22). The roller (37) is arranged on the upper side of the second material guide mechanism (4), and the distance between the first roller (34) and the belt (22) is greater than the distance between the second roller (36) and the belt (22). 5. according to the described long-fiber biomass raw material grinder of any one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, the two ends of described fourth roller (43) and the fifth roller (44) all extend to housing ( 1) outside the side wall, the second motor (41) is connected to one end of the fifth roller (44) through the second coupling (42), and the other end of the fifth roller (44) is passed through the third chain (46 ) is connected with an end of the fourth roller (43). 6. The long-fiber biomass raw material pulverizer according to claim 5, characterized in that, the raw material conveying mechanism further comprises a first runner (23) installed in the housing (1), and the first The runner (23) is arranged inside the end of the belt (22), and one end of the first runner (23) is connected with the other end of one end of the fourth roller (43) through the fourth chain (47). 7. The long-fiber biomass raw material pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, one end of the shaft (52) is fixedly connected to a second runner (521), and the rotor of the third motor (51) A third runner (511) is fixedly connected to the top, and the second runner (521) and the third runner (511) are connected through a V-shaped belt (54). 8. The long-fiber biomass raw material pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, the pulverization mechanism further comprises a second screen cloth (57) fixedly connected to the top of the housing (1), a rubbing plate (56 ) are fixedly connected with the first screen cloth (58) and the second screen cloth (57) respectively.