CN103459949A - Accessible cooling system, especially for cryopreserving biological samples, and method for the operation thereof - Google Patents
Accessible cooling system, especially for cryopreserving biological samples, and method for the operation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103459949A CN103459949A CN201280015818XA CN201280015818A CN103459949A CN 103459949 A CN103459949 A CN 103459949A CN 201280015818X A CN201280015818X A CN 201280015818XA CN 201280015818 A CN201280015818 A CN 201280015818A CN 103459949 A CN103459949 A CN 103459949A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 55
- 239000012472 biological sample Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005138 cryopreservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
- F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
- A01N1/10—Preservation of living parts
- A01N1/14—Mechanical aspects of preservation; Apparatus or containers therefor
- A01N1/142—Apparatus
- A01N1/144—Apparatus for temperature control, e.g. refrigerators or freeze-drying apparatus
- A01N1/145—Stationary or portable vessels generating cryogenic temperatures, e.g. liquid nitrogen baths
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D13/00—Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms
- F25D13/02—Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms with several cooling compartments, e.g. refrigerated locker systems
- F25D13/04—Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms with several cooling compartments, e.g. refrigerated locker systems the compartments being at different temperatures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
- F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
- F25D3/102—Stationary cabinets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D25/00—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25D29/001—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for cryogenic fluid systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Refrigerator Housings (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种冷却系统（1），所述冷却系统尤其用于生物样本（2）的低温贮藏，包括冷却隔间（100）和冷却装置（200），所述冷却隔间由底部区域（110）、侧壁（120）和顶部区域（130）限定，所述冷却装置用于使用液氮（220）来冷却所述冷却隔间（100）。所述底部区域（110）被设计用于使用液氮直接冷却，且所述冷却隔间（100）的尺寸被选择成使操作员（3）可进入冷却隔间（100）中并在其中移动。所述底部区域（110）具有平台（111），所述平台使液氮（220）的蒸气能够透过，且形成用于操作员（3）的支撑区域。本发明还描述了用于操作所述冷却系统的方法。
The invention relates to a cooling system (1), especially for cryogenic storage of biological samples (2), comprising a cooling compartment (100) and a cooling device (200), said cooling compartment consisting of a bottom area ( 110), side walls (120) and a top region (130), said cooling means for cooling said cooling compartment (100) using liquid nitrogen (220). The bottom area (110) is designed for direct cooling with liquid nitrogen and the dimensions of the cooling compartment (100) are chosen such that an operator (3) can enter and move within the cooling compartment (100) . The bottom area ( 110 ) has a platform ( 111 ) which is permeable to the vapor of liquid nitrogen ( 220 ) and forms a support area for the operator ( 3 ). The invention also describes a method for operating the cooling system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cooling system of the cryopreservation in particular for biological specimen, described cooling system has with liquid nitrogen (LN
2) cooling cooling compartment (cooling chamber).The invention still further relates to for operating the method for this cooling system.The present invention is applied to the long term storage of sample under the state of cooling, is particularly useful for the cryopreservation of biological specimen.
Background technology
For the preservation purpose by biological specimen in cooling system, to be stored in freezing state in for example freezer (cryopreservation) be known.Freezer usually at the temperature lower than-80 ℃, especially in the lower operation of the recrystallization temperature lower than water-ice (138 ℃).They comprise and have liquid nitrogen that the cooling agent reservoir of (temperature: approximately-195 ℃) and size range are from several liters until a plurality of independent cabinet (the so-called refrigerator of about 2 or 3 cubic metres, be mainly the Dewar bottle of being made by double-wall steel, for example see EP1223393A2, WO2008/009840A1 and GB812210).Refrigerator is arranged in the space under normal temperature (room temperature), and by cooling agent reservoir feed liquid nitrogen.In refrigerator, the case that stores pipe, bag or other sealing receivers with sample (such as liquid, cell, cell component, serum, blood, cell suspension, histotomy etc.) is arranged in shelf.Sample can fully be arranged in liquid nitrogen.Yet, in order to prevent sample, by liquid nitrogen, polluted, during sample is stored in cold gas phase usually in the liquid nitrogen steam lower than about-145 ℃.This gas phase forms above the nitrogen pond at the place, bottom of refrigerator.
Cooling in refrigerator will be useful if refrigerator keeps closing for a long time.Yet in fact, for example, when the access sample, must open repeatedly refrigerator.In fact, need to carry out sample storage or taking-up or make an inventory, this be for for example having 10,000 until 100 ten thousand or the freezer of multisample more, in the validity of freezer operation with provide aspect constant cooling condition and produced serious restriction.
In addition, for a large amount of sample like this, need the automation of the automation of all operations, especially sample process.Previous method of automatically operating (for example seeing DE102005031648A1, US2006/0156753A1, US2006/0283197A1 and US2007/0267419A1) is limited to single refrigerator, and appropriate litigation fees is large.For the freezer with 20 above refrigerators, the automatic operation between refrigerator and complexity thereof, because this adds automation by needs, yet this automation does not also have at present.
Also known by food storing in cooling compartment.When cooling compartment forms walkable large capacity warehouse, effective storage and automatic operation have been realized.Yet this technology is not suitable for the cooling system for the cryopreservation biological specimen.Even for the minimum temperature that cooling food provides also too high for the long-term cryopreservation of biological specimen.Yet, at lower temperature, traditional cooling compartment is operated and is not very feasible.During lower than-30 ℃, traditional automatic technology is owing to being mainly that function in the cooperation of motor, bearing, lubricant and moving-member lost efficacy with restriction material.In the situation that occur accident or component failure in cooling compartment, cooling compartment fully must be heated, because can not wearing traditional protective garment, the operator enters safely temperature lower than in the chamber of-80 ℃.Deep breathing will, due to freezing infringement alveolar, then cause life-threatening situation.Also should take into account quick frosting while opening and entering in chamber and freezing.In addition, in the situation that accident, the heat isolation of the cooling compartment of traditional deep cooling and their security protection existing problems.Because the necessary many decades of freezer ground, future may keep continual freezing to several centuries, the accident problem is key especially.So far, the shortage technology in the situation that the whole inefficacy of cooling system the large Room is remained at the temperature of at least-80 ℃ until complete suitable repairing.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of improved cooling system of the cryopreservation in particular for biological specimen, it can overcome the shortcomings and limitations of traditional cooling system.This cooling system should especially also provide effective cooling down operation and/or improvement to approach the automatic operation of sample in the situation that have great amount of samples.The objective of the invention is also to provide a kind of for operation the improved method in particular for the cooling system of the cryopreservation of biological specimen, overcome the shortcomings and limitations of conventional method by the method.
The cooling system of the feature of these purposes by thering are independent claims and realizing for the method that operates this cooling system.Useful embodiment and application are produced by dependent claims.
According to a first aspect of the invention, provide a kind of cooling system that is particularly useful for the cryopreservation of biological specimen, it has cooling compartment and the first cooling device, and described the first cooling device is suitable for carrying out cooling described cooling compartment with liquid nitrogen.The chamber that cooling compartment is normally limited by bottom section, sidewall and top area, described chamber integral body is come cooling by the first cooling device, and is suitable for holding the sample of wanting preservation.Whole cooling compartment cooling at least to start to provide from the bottom of cooling compartment for mode.What for this reason, the bottom section of cooling compartment was suitable for being undertaken by liquid nitrogen is directly cooling.This has supported the evenly cooling of cooling compartment valuably.Because the cooling steam by liquid nitrogen of cooling compartment upwards carries out from bottom, the stratification of hot gas with thermograde can be formed in cooling compartment.Temperature can with stable and repeatably mode from bottom, upwards raise.This has supported the position of depositing at sample that condition of storage, storage temperature especially repeatably are provided repeatably valuably.
According to the present invention, the size of cooling compartment is selected to and at least one operator can be stopped in cooling compartment and move.The internal capacity of cooling compartment is selected to: make described at least one operator be adapted in cooling compartment fully and can stand therein and/or walk.Preferably, described internal capacity equals at least 10m
3, 100m especially at least
3, 500m at least for example
3or 1000m even
3or larger.For for example 10m
3internal capacity, cooling compartment forms little low temperature compartment, and for for example 100m
3, cooling compartment forms low temperature chamber, for for example 500m
3, cooling compartment forms the low temperature chamber group, for being greater than 1000m
3, cooling compartment forms the low temperature Room that can have a plurality of chambers.
Be suitable for holding the sample receiving system according to the cooling compartment of cooling system of the present invention.Be suitable for holding sample any maintenance structure, can be used as the sample receiving system in particular for the sample container of biological specimen.Sample container for example comprises test tube, tubule, capillary, so-called " tubule (straws) ", bag or other sealing receiving vessels.The sample receiving system can be in cooling compartment for good and all (especially regularly) arrange or arrange removedly at least partly.According to the present invention, the size of cooling compartment preferably is selected to and the operator can be stopped in being equipped with the cooling compartment of sample receiving system and move.
According to the present invention, the bottom section of cooling compartment has platform, and described platform for example at least comprises porous plate, screen work and/or grid.Platform has several functions.At first, platform so that the mode that the steam of liquid nitrogen can rise in cooling compartment through platform form.Steam can see through platform.Therefore, cooling surface is formed on the bottom of cooling compartment, this make cooling compartment inside can by the steam that flows out immediately, directly cooling, thereby effectively and on uniformly cooling produce wholesome effect at cooling compartment.Secondly, platform is the operator, usually also for the sample receiving system in cooling compartment, has formed supporting zone.Platform is configured for operator's stand zone and/or walking surface.For this purpose, platform to be enough to keeping stable and especially indeformable mechanical bearing load ability to form under operator's load.Preferably, the mechanical bearing load ability of platform is at least 100kg/m
2(being particularly suitable for light-duty shelf and an operator), especially be at least 500kg/m
2(being particularly suitable for a plurality of shelves and operator), for example be at least 1000kg/m
2(being particularly suitable for a plurality of shelves, machinery and operator) or 5000kg/m even
2(being particularly suitable for a plurality of firm shelves, machinery and operator) or larger.In addition, platform preferably forms in the mode of at least extending on half surface of cooling compartment bottom.Particularly preferably, platform extends in the whole surface of cooling compartment bottom.
According to a second aspect of the invention, provide a kind of for operating the method according to the cooling system of aforementioned first aspect of the present invention, wherein, provide cooling compartment by cooling and sample, the especially biological specimen location in cooling compartment of the first cooling device.
Valuably, the first cooling device can be suitable for liquid nitrogen, filling as follows: the Free Surface of liquid nitrogen is formed on the bottom section below.The first cooling device for example have upwards towards bottom section and towards cooling compartment unlimited container, the groove (base channel) for receiving liquid nitrogen for example.The platform of bottom section for example can be included in the grid that extend described container top.Also useful, because the amount to being arranged in the liquid nitrogen in the first cooling device does not require, therefore can use the groove with flat bowl shape.Therefore, the amount that especially makes to be arranged in the liquid nitrogen in the first cooling device is less than the amount that is present in the vaporous nitrogen in cooling compartment.Preferably, bottom section and the first cooling device laterally and down are equipped with hot isolation part.
Valuably, by the combination of cooling, the cooling compartment size of nitrogen of the present invention and platform architecture, formed a kind of new cooling system that has overcome the shortcomings and limitations of conventional art.Traditional single cabinet principle for freezer is overcome by the present invention.But the freezer structure of this cooling system representative spread.With traditional refrigerator, compare, advantage is to provide for a large amount of samples the condition of storage remained unchanged for a long period of time.Sample can be in the situation that in not needing the sample container in being stored in cooling compartment such as cabinet, heat isolation in cooling compartment.Can in the situation that do not affect all the other samples coolingly approach independent sample.
The size of cooling compartment is considerably beyond the internal capacity of traditional refrigerator.Described size not only provides enough spaces for automatic operation and/or one or more operator, but also provides high thermal capacity for cooling system.Therefore, for deposit or embedded equipment, only produce insignificant input low in calories, make the integral body of sample be disturbed hardly.
With the cooling of food in large warehoused, compare, the advantage of this cooling system is to hanging down the temperature that is enough to be used in the cryopreservation biological specimen by cooled with liquid nitrogen.Because liquid nitrogen is cheap, easy operating, and under its liquid form, boiling temperature under atmospheric pressure is approximately-195.8 ℃, meet all requirements for the cryopreservation biological specimen, so it is useful as cooling agent.Simultaneously, no matter how size can both be entered by the operator to provide platform to make cooling compartment, in order to solve possible inefficacy or mistake.
In addition, cooling system according to the present invention be take following advantages as feature.The freezer structure can form large, the automatable chamber with sample receiving system.Described cooling system can extend to bureau of industry's system (millions of sample) from little cabinet (a hundreds of sample).Can in cooling compartment, adjust the temperature lower than-130 ℃ in Objective ground.This cooling system can be semi-automatically or is automatically stored and take out sample.Another advantage be long period of operation ability and in the situation that the temperature in cooling compartment without any changing, keeped in repair.
Other advantages of the present invention are: make cooling compartment avoid moist fully and freeze, cooling system is in the situation that the quick cooling capacity of frost-free, high closing speed to all samples in cooling compartment, to the in stock identical ability that approaches in cooling compartment, the electronic response ability provided alternatively of sample and stocking system, but the controllability of the temperature in the presumptive area of cooling compartment and the record sample temperature under carry out rapidly sample storage and reduced sample reserves.Especially, avoid the humidity of cooling compartment and freeze (avoid water, be stored in dry gas) by according to the present invention, from the bottom section of cooling compartment, producing cooling nitrogen steam.The present invention can be used for carrying out substituting energy thought (with hydrogen, carrying out cooling and generating).In addition, can realize the powerful Redundancy Design of safe related system, and can be by the controlled cooling temperature remained unchanged in cooling compartment or its parts.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described cooling system is equipped with at least one other cooling device (below be called the second cooling device), and this cooling device can be independent of the first cooling device and operate.The second cooling device also is provided for cooling described cooling compartment.According to the first modification, the second cooling device is arranged at least one for the sidewall of cooling described cooling compartment.The cooling element of the second cooling device for example embeds at least one in sidewall as the hollow wall structure, or is positioned on a side of the inside of pointing to cooling compartment.According to another modification, the second cooling device is configured to the cooling of electric cooling and/or use liquid helium (LHe) alternatively or additionally.
The second cooling device makes the cooling system can married operation valuably.For example, at least two kinds different cooling principles can in time in series (for example, the 8h electricity be cooling, 10h LN
2cooling) or switch in parallel and/or with different cooling capacities.According to another example, can provide: electricity is cooled to-150 ℃ and also uses in addition LN
2cooling; Or LN
2cooling and operator's selecting type ground uses LH cooling; Or the cup electricity is cooled to-80 ℃, then electricity is cooled to-150 ℃ and use LN
2cooling.Can realize full hybrid system or meromict system by married operation.In full hybrid system, it is fully effective individually that two cooling devices are all distinguished, and each in cooling device can both make cooling compartment can be cooled to for a long time the temperature lower than-130 ℃.In the meromict system, (main cooling system, a for example LN in cooling device
2) chronically in operation, simultaneously another (accessory system) in cooling device only opened when needed.The second cooling device especially can form Emergency Cooling System, in the situation that every other cooling device, especially the first cooling device lost efficacy, described Emergency Cooling System has guaranteed that in the residing whole cooling compartment of sample, temperature does not rise to more than-138 ℃.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top area of cooling compartment has at least one open top.Described open top is through hole freely for a long time especially preferably, and cold air always up flows out cooling compartment through top by described through hole.In addition, open top representative approaching opening and/or entering and exit opening for the operator for sample.Can make valuably cooling compartment for example on sidewall or in bottom section, there is no other openings, thereby described at least one open top has represented the inside of cooling compartment and unique interconnecting part of surrounding environment, this interconnecting part is applicable to sample, operator or other mechanical components to be passed through.Therefore, particularly preferably make the operator enter and exit by top area above cooling compartment uniquely.Yet, can make the operator enter and exit by sidewall alternatively or additionally.
Described at least one open top provides valuably the outer cover compartment has been placed into to the selection on cooling compartment, the sample receiving system or at least the sample of cryopreservation for example in the situation that during accident can be contained in described outer cover compartment.
In addition, according to another modification of the present invention, above open top, provide at least one operating room to be proved to be useful.With the temperature of cooling compartment, compare, the temperature of operating room can raise.Yet, reduce to minimum in order to make heat loss, operating room is preferably isolated with the external environment condition heat of cooling system.Operating room comprises the technological system that cooling compartment is worked.Preferably, provide the drive unit with mechanical control element in operating room, for example, for the robots arm that approaches sample and/or for the operator being pushed or releases the conveyer of cooling compartment.Alternatively or additionally, operating room can be connected with at least one locking device (personnel's locking device and/or sample locking device).
According to a preferred modification of the present invention, mechanical control element (for example catch amis, lever or actuation element) can be introduced in cooling compartment.If between a plurality of parts of at least a plurality of part, the especially control elements of control element can be relative to each other mobile join domain can be heated, just improved the operability of the drive unit in cooling compartment.Join domain can be equipped with the local action heater.
According to other preferred modification of the present invention, described conveyer comprises hoist cable and/or step device at operating room.Hoist cable is suitable for being transported in cooling compartment by the operator and/or transporting out cooling compartment.For this modification, the operator is suspended on rope or chain and is transported.This has increased the security of operator in withdrawing out the process of cooling compartment especially valuably.Step device for example comprises: the step ladder or the step that between the operating room of the inside of cooling compartment (especially its bottom section) and top area top, extend.
Other advantage can come from: in the situation that the feed connecting portion extends between cooling compartment and surrounding environment thereof and reduces thermal loss through top area.The feed connecting portion comprises media lines (especially cooling agent or breathe air pipeline), cable (be particularly useful for power supply or transmit for signal) and/or optical cable (being particularly useful for the signal transmission).
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one in sidewall can have the sandwich construction with at least two parietal layers.The inventor finds, with the structure of at least two heat isolation parietal layers, can effectively isolate cooling compartment with respect to the surrounding environment under room temperature with medium cooling agent consumption.In addition, especially in the situation that cooling failure can make the operability of cooling system at least continue a couple of days.Use the special advantage that many parietal layers have to be, can consider that the space of sidewall is with sold stowing, designing best many parietal layers.Each parietal layer is the parietal layer along the bearing of trend extension of sidewall.It (is that thermal conductivity factor is lower than 0.05W/m that each parietal layer has hot buffer action
2(simple hot insulation foam material), especially lower than 0.004W/m
2(vacuum pad), especially lower than 0.001W/m
2(vacuum insulation)) and/or moisture-proof role.A plurality of parietal layers are stacking perpendicular to the bearing of trend of sidewall.Sidewall comprises at least one plastic layer, at least one vacuum component layer and/or at least one vapor barrier.Described plastic layer for example comprises plate, especially the rigid foam plate of being made by foamed plastics.By using plastic layer, can optimize volume with respect to another parietal layer.Described vacuum component layer for example comprises the vacuum insulation wallboard, and described vacuum insulation wallboard is because its thermal conductivity factor is low, thereby is useful.Described vapor barrier for example comprises the impermeable paper tinsel of steam.In particular, can in sidewall, provide a plurality of sealing glands, in order to prevent the inefficacy caused through moisture.
At least one in sidewall especially can for example, for example, by the material (composite, foam, the fluid that are suitable for spontaneously sealing any interruption (crack or hole); The expandable bodies that for example there is suitable encapsulant).Therefore, at least one in sidewall can be that self-healing is combined harmoniously.
At least one in sidewall also can have disposable thermal conductivity factor.Thermal conductivity factor for example can be by means of finding time from the vacuum component layer or converting to feed gas the vacuum component layer or liquid.
According to the present invention, at least one in sidewall can be coated with metal material on the inboard towards cooling compartment, in order to for example form cooling layer and/or in order to hold the cooling element of second (electricity) cooling device.
In addition, according to the present invention, at least one in sidewall can be constructed in modular mode, wherein, with respect to vertical at least one the mobile wall elements of corresponding sidewall, can from the combination of this wall elements, discharge.Described at least one wall elements is displaceable and can separates with sidewall.Described at least one wall elements can make valuably the structure of sidewall have independent tradable acoustic media and not jeopardize sample.Alternatively or additionally, described at least one wall elements makes cooling compartment have urgent opening, so that in the situation that accident (withdrawing) from cooling compartment rapid moving except sample.Wall elements for example can move from sidewall by means of impacting immediately.Valuably, in the situation that accident can be provided for the mobile engagement device of withdrawing container in the position corresponding to described at least one displaceable wall elements on the outside of sidewall.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one the had door opening in sidewall, described door opening is closed by door leaf movably.Described door leaf designs with the mode that sidewall is isolated with heat similarly on every side.The side door opening can make the cooling compartment of operator's lateral approach valuably.Preferably, door opening is arranged in the preset distance place of bottom section top.Described distance preferably equals at least 10cm, especially at least 50cm is until several meters.Door opening is connected via step with bottom section.In this case, on the height level of space on bottom section until under door opening of downside sealing, form, in order to receive vaporous nitrogen.Even at least a portion of vaporous nitrogen can not be overflowed from cooling compartment when door opening is opened.Alternatively or additionally, can make door leaf be arranged to be parallel to corresponding sidewall displacement.In this case, built and for example can in height pull or the wall surface (next door) of layback.Can be provided at corresponding to the position of door opening the outside of sidewall for engagement device or the locking device of withdrawing container.
Valuably, the sample receiving system in cooling compartment can comprise shelf (so-called " stand "), and described shelf is formed for the supporting construction of biological specimen.In this case, advantage is for example by mechanical control element, automatically to approach sample.Shelf comprises loading plate (stand), with the container of biological specimen, freely is positioned on described loading plate.Particularly preferably, shelf is increased by thermal conductivity factor material, for example metal form.This can form uniform Temperature Distribution valuably in the sample receiving system.
The sample receiving system can be designed to be electrically connected to control device and/or optics is connected (operation is controlled).This makes the sample on shelf and (if necessary) shelf have the electronic response ability valuably.
According to a modification of the present invention, the sample receiving system can be equipped with the heat bridge reached in bottom section.Material, for example metal that heat bridge is increased by thermal conductivity factor form.This provides the LN of the first cooling device valuably
2the connection that the heat conduction in-pond is good.According to another modification of the present invention, the sample receiving system alternatively or be additionally formed rigid member.For example, shelf is connected to rigid structure.In this case, advantage is the repeatability of the mass loading of the accuracy of position and platform.
According to another modification of the present invention, cooling compartment can be divided into sub-compartment again by partition wall.Partition wall can extend in cooling compartment on vertical and/or horizontal direction.Before this has realized dividing into valuably-and main cooling compartment and (if necessary) inferior cooling compartment.For example, can require the cooling sample in Objective ground according to used storage capacity and frequency of access and/or storage temperature.For example, can in the specific part of cooling compartment, reduce or the rising temperature on (for example, in front portion, middle part, top, rear portion and/or bottom part) Objective ground.In addition, can form the passage of heat, in the situation that accident provides the temperature of rising by this passage of heat, to withdraw rapidly sample.
By partition wall, can provide: take mutually around the structure that is feature of the sub-compartment with different temperatures.For example, the sub-compartment at the middle part of cooling compartment can have minimum temperature, and provides the highest security to keep the cryopreservation temperature.This provides such save scheme: wherein, the most valuable freezing sample storage alive is in the sub-compartment at the middle part of cooling compartment, in sub-compartment around freezing xenobiotic matter is stored in, liquid, inhereditary material, serine etc. are stored in outside sub-compartment.
According to general characteristic of the present invention, cooling system can be equipped with at least one in following member:
-the ventilation blower that thoroughly mixes for the cold gas phase of the inside by given chamber,
-gas sensor, oxygen sensor for example,
-temperature sensor, be particularly useful for the spatial distribution temperature survey in cooling compartment,
-alarm device, warning light for example,
-introduce minimum infra-red radiation or thermal-radiating lighting apparatus, for example use light emitting diode (LED) or other cold light sources, for the glass fibre that carries out optically-coupled at least one in top area, bottom section or in sidewall, (glass fibre especially can be fed in cooling compartment via hot isolation part, for example, via the access of the vacuum component be evacuated)
-non-contacting energy and signal input port (induction or optical coupled),
-monitoring device, for example video camera monitoring system, motion detector and/or thermal detector,
-have from connecting, without the emergency service device of bridge supply voltage,
-in the upper area of cooling compartment for example for the cooling agent sprinkling system of feed liquid nitrogen or helium, cooling fast with for cooling compartment, and
-in case of emergency for example from tank truck, carrying out the jockey of outside liquid gas feed,
-nitrogen liquefaction system,
-coolant container, it is provided for the liquid nitrogen that receives reserve level, and/or
-condensate gathering element, it reaches cooling compartment from bottom section.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, additional advantage of the present invention and details are described.Accompanying drawing illustrates as follows:
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2: according to the schematic cross sectional views of the preferred embodiment of cooling system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4: according to the perspective schematic view of the other embodiment of cooling system of the present invention;
Fig. 5: according to the schematic cross sectional views of the sidewall of cooling system of the present invention;
Fig. 6: according to the schematic overview figure of cooling system of the present invention and additional drive unit;
Fig. 7: according to the schematic top view of the other embodiment of the cooling compartment with subregion of cooling system of the present invention and cutaway view and the diagram of taking off sample from shelf;
Fig. 8: according to the schematic cross sectional views of another embodiment of cooling system of the present invention;
Fig. 9: the indicative icon according to the applicable cases adjustment according to the cooling compartment of cooling system of the present invention; And
Figure 10: according to the indicative icon of another operator scheme of cooling system of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
According to cooling system of the present invention and for the preferred embodiment of the method that operates this cooling system below by exemplarily describing with reference to the cooling system with cooling compartment, the size of described cooling compartment be selected to make the operator can be in this cooling compartment the walking multistep.The cooling compartment size that realization of the present invention is not limited to illustrate, even but for relatively obviously larger cooling compartment (Room) or be all correspondingly feasible for less cooling compartment.The operator scheme of the novelty below especially allowed with reference to structure and the cooling system according to the present invention of cooling system is described embodiment.The realization of the preparation of the details of the cryopreservation of biological specimen, for example sample or some refrigerating work procedure or the sample data of depositing and storing of sample can by cooling system according to the present invention as known as prior art itself realize.
Fig. 1 shows the first embodiment according to cooling system 1 of the present invention with schematic cross sectional views, and described cooling system 1 has cooling compartment 100, the first cooling device 200, the second cooling device 300, operating room 400 and cooling agent feeder 500.
Sidewall 120 comprises a plurality of stratiform parietal layers with inner plastic layer 121 and two outer vacuum component layers 122.1,122.2.Plastic layer 121 comprises the layer of being made by foam of polymers, for example polyurethane foam.The thickness of plastic layer 121 for example can be selected or also can be greater than 1m in the scope of 10cm to 1m.The vacuum component layer comprises interior layer 122.1 and the outside hollow wall be evacuated 122.2 of the member (so-called " vacuum component ") be evacuated.The member be evacuated of inner vacuum components layer 122.1 to be especially to form as the parallelepiped of the traditional building stone for building purpose or fragment of brick, and made by the plastics with the inside that maybe can be evacuated be evacuated.The hollow wall of external vacuum components layer 122.2 in normal manipulation mode, be evacuated or be filled with alternatively cooling fluid.For the situation of an inefficacy in cooling device, hollow wall especially has useful function.An if inefficacy in cooling device, the hollow wall of external vacuum components layer 122.2 can fill with cooling agent, for example liquid nitrogen from switchable outside additional reservoir (see figure 6), thereby owing to having prevented that heat from having prevented the heating undesirably of cooling compartment 100 from external penetration, although this has produced high cooling agent consumption.In this case, this hollow wall should not form the layer of outermost.
With description in Fig. 1 differently, the order interchangeable of plastic layer and vacuum component layer.In addition, can provide other plastic layer and/or vacuum component layer.Other details of sidewall 120 are described below with reference to Fig. 5.
Sample receiving system 140 comprises shelf 141(so-called " low temperature frame "), during biological specimen 2 is stored in sample container in described shelf 141.Shelf 141 has that the material good by thermal conductivity is that make, framework that for example be made of metal, and described framework and platform 111 have thermo-contact, and via the directly thermo-contact of liquid nitrogen 220 in heat bridge 142 and the first cooling device 200.This has guaranteed valuably until the effective cooling of the top compartment of shelf 141.
The second cooling device 300 is arranged on sidewall 120, especially be arranged in sidewall 120 on interior surface or embed in sidewall 120.It is cooling that the second cooling device 300 is configured to electricity.The second cooling device 300 comprises the cooling element 310 be connected with cooling unit 320.Cooling unit 320 is positioned at outside cooling compartment 100, be preferably placed at cooling compartment 100 tops.By the second cooling device 300, for example can provide temperature to be low to moderate the electricity of-150 ℃ cooling.According to substituting modification of the present invention, the second cooling device 300 can form with nitrogen cooling or with liquid helium cooling substitute.
Fig. 1 shows the significant design principle according to cooling system of the present invention.To all feeds in the inside of cooling compartment 100 connect, especially feed pipelines and opening be all by top area 130, carry out from top.This makes hot feed become minimum.In addition, for the device that can not operate at low temperatures, hotter top annex can be arranged in operating room 400 or the top (see figure 2).Compartment that in particular, have a higher temperature or that for example even have, for the interior heater of the operation of movable part (motor) can be placed on top.A plurality of such compartments can be positioned at another ground, top structure (see figure 2) in one, tower ground.Because gas produces and volume obviously increases from the first cooling device 200 constantly, and cooling system 1 be designed to stress-free, be non-airtight, so nitrogen constantly from flows through supercooling compartment 100.For example become the outlet 102 of siphon pipe form to be arranged in the part gone up most of cooling system, with the release for nitrogen.For the reliable operation of cooling system 1 also noteworthy is that in the situation that the accident postponed as much as possible, especially in the situation that the heating that cooling system lost efficacy.This especially realizes by the heat insulation structure of sidewall 120.
For the operation of cooling system 1, cooling compartment 100 is by the first cooling device 200, the last cryopreservation temperature that is cooled to expectation under the support of the second cooling device 300.Subsequently, use mechanical control element 411 that biological specimen 2 is arranged in the sample receiving system 140 in cooling compartment 100.In the situation that accident or, for the purpose of maintenance, control or operation element, operator 3 can step in cooling compartment 100 through open top 131 or through the side door (see figure 4).Operator's 3 dresses have the protective garment of heat isolation and Head protective devices, and described protective garment ensures that fence operation person avoids heat loss.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic cross sectional views according to an improved embodiment of cooling system 1 of the present invention, and this embodiment is according to the described cooling compartment 100 of Fig. 1, the first cooling device 200, the second cooling device 300 and cooling agent feeder 500 are constructed above with reference to.About operating room 400, following difference is arranged.According to Fig. 2, operating room 400 comprises: the first compartment 420, and it is configured to be similar to the operating room 400 according to Fig. 1 basically; The second compartment 430 and the 3rd compartment 440.In the second and the 3rd compartment 430,440, other operating equipment 431,441, for example measurement and/or control device or other driver have been arranged.A plurality of compartments of operating room 400 heat are respectively arranged isolator.Can in each compartment, regulate specific temperature.Usually, temperature the from first (420) to the 3rd (440) compartment raises.In order to carry the atmosphere be formed in cooling compartment 100, a plurality of compartments of operating room 400 are via pipe jointing part 401(or other through holes) connect.Having siphonal outlet 102 is arranged on the upside of the 3rd compartment 440.
A plurality of partition walls that have respectively at least one compartment door 402 are arranged between compartment 420,430 and 440.This is convenient to, in compartment 420,430 and 440, different temperature is set.For example, if in cooling compartment 100, adjustment is arrived in-196 ℃ to-140 ℃ scopes, in the second compartment 430, can be approximately-80 ℃ by adjustment, can be by adjustment in-40 ℃ to-20 ℃ scopes in the 3rd compartment 440.Therefore, the different operating device that has a different operating temperature can be contained in compartment 420,430 and 440.Temperature sensor 403 is arranged in each in compartment 420,430 and 440, with the monitoring for temperature.
With Fig. 2 differently, compartment 420,430 and 440 can relative to each other be opened.In this case similarly, in the situation that cooling uninterruptedly, can form upwards increase, horizontally disposed gas blanket of series of temperature.In addition, the local heater that especially has resistance heated or infrared lamp can be arranged at least one in compartment 420,430 and 440, so that the member of heating-up temperature sensitivity, with at least operation of some operational phase.This valuably can in the situation that the temperature in not affecting cooling compartment 100 realize.
Fig. 3 shows the feature of operator 3 to the inlet passage of cooling compartment 100 by means of another embodiment of cooling system 1 according to the present invention.Diagram with cooling compartment 100 of bottom section 110, sidewall 120 and top area 130 means by perspective schematic view in a simplified manner.In reality is carried out, cooling system 1 can be as above with reference to constructing according to these members as described in figure 1 and Fig. 2.
Can be arranged in top area 130 by covering 132 open tops of closing 131.When operator 3 enters cooling compartment 100, due to the opening for operator 3 is entered being provided on the top side at cooling compartment 100, therefore the thermal stratification in cooling compartment 100 is influenced hardly valuably.Alternatively, can in one in sidewall, be provided for the opening (see figure 4) that operator 3 is entered.
The path that steps into via personnel's locking device 450 to cooling compartment 100 is embodied as: make operator 3 at first outside personnel's locking device 450, wear the protective garment 4 with breathe air feeder 5.Then, proceed to moderate temperature scope, for example-80 ℃ tentatively cooling in personnel's locking device 450.For this reason, personnel's locking device 450 is equipped with the cooling device (not shown).Alternatively, personnel's locking device 450 can come cooling by a part of steam that flows out cooling compartment 100.If operator 3 cools down fully, just he is sent in operating room 400, and uses hoist cable 151 and/or be sent to cooling compartment 100 from operating room 400 by means of step device 152.In cooling compartment 100, operator 3 can move, for example, in order to carry out maintenance work on sample receiving system 140.
The closing door 451 of personnel's locking device 450, enclose inside door 453 and cover 132 and be provided with at least one electrical contacts and the Closed control system be applicable in following steps.
At first, can provide the inspection to cooling compartment 100 in the course of normal operation of cooling system 1.The operator externally puts on the protective garment 4 with breathe air feeder 5.In this case, the outer closure door 451 of personnel's locking device 450 only can be opened when inner sealing door 453 is closed with lid 132.If operator 3 is in locking device 450, outer closure door 451 is just closed, and inner sealing door 453 is opened only can in personnel's locking device 450, form the blanket of nitrogen of the drying with predetermined temperature the time.For this reason, gaseous nitrogen or liquid nitrogen can be blown into from outside.Once reach predetermined temperature and the aridity of atmosphere in personnel's locking device 450, inner sealing door 453 is just opened, and operator 3 can come in operating room 400.Herein, operator 3 is further cooled to predetermined temperature.Once operator 3 cools down fully and operating room 400 in atmosphere reached predetermined standard value, cover 132 and just be unlocked, make operator 3 can enter cooling compartment 100.In cooling compartment 100, operator 3 is subject to video monitoring, and keeps in touch with the assistant outside cooling system 1 via the ANTENNAUDIO connection.Leave in reverse order cooling system 1 in course of normal operation.
Secondly, in case of emergency can by means of the emergency switch (not shown) will cover 132 and inside and outside closing door 451,453 open simultaneously.In this case, can be especially in order to rescue sample that operator 3 and/or protection store the inside of the cooling compartment 100 of fast approaching.In case of emergency, operator 3 can leave voluntarily cooling compartment 100 or be drawn out from cooling compartment 100 by open top 131 and personnel's locking device 450.Side by side, can the dry air of heating be blown into cooling compartment 100 from outside by means of air blast 460, and enter operating room 400 and personnel's locking device 450 from cooling compartment 100.Temperature can be increased to the value higher than-50 ℃ thus, but and feed oxygen.This operation can be monitored by means of the oxygen sensor (not shown).Therefore, if necessary, other assistant can be in the situation that take action without the oxygen feed without protective garment and themselves in cooling compartment 100.
Fig. 4 schematically shows cooling compartment 100 is checked and sends in cooling compartment 100 or the feature of withdrawing from from cooling compartment 100 by sample receiving system 140 by means of another embodiment of cooling system 1 according to the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, with the schematic perspective of simplifying, illustrate there is bottom section 110, the cooling system 1 of sidewall 120 and top area 130.
In order to send into or withdraw from sample receiving system 140, open top 131 is arranged in top area 130, and operating room 400 is positioned in open top 131.Operating room 400 has tower-like outer cover compartment 400.1, and the height of described outer cover compartment 400.1 can be contained in operating room 400 shelf 141 of sample receiving system 140 fully.Drive unit 410 and hoist cable 414 are arranged in operating room 400, especially in the situation that during accident can move shelf 141 to operating room 400 by described drive unit 410 and hoist cable 414.
With Fig. 3 differently, the door opening 125 with displaceable door leaf 126 is arranged in in sidewall 120, so that operator 3 can step into.Door opening 125 is in the predetermined height be positioned at above bottom section 110.The entrance raise is preferred, thereby, when door opening 125 is opened, the cold air be filled in cooling compartment 100 can not flow to outside.Step 127 is between door opening 125 and bottom section 110, and operator 3 can enter in cooling compartment 100 via described step 127.Door leaf 126 is configured to be parallel to the direction displacement of the smooth extension of sidewall 120.It is preferred being parallel to the vertical of sidewall or moving horizontally, because otherwise the ground words, in the situation that move and will in cooling compartment 100, destroy the horizontal slice of the cold air of filling with respect to the sidewall pivotable.
In order to check cooling compartment 100, operator 3 puts on the protective garment 4 with breathe air feeder 5 outside personnel's locking device 450.Operator 3 cools down step by step in personnel's locking device 450, until he can come in cooling compartment 100 by door opening 125.The door 451,454,457 of personnel's locking device 450 can be controlled for normal operating or emergency, as described above with reference to Figure 3.
Owing to stopping 15 minutes longer a period of times (> in cooling compartment 100), schematically illustrated feed connecting portion 104 is arranged in cooling compartment 100.Protective garment 4 and/or breathe air feeder 5 can be temporarily or for good and all are connected to feed connecting portion 104, for example, in order to save the energy or so that the feed oxygen in protective garment 4.
Fig. 5 A-5C shows the other details according to the sidewall 120 of the cooling compartment 100 of cooling system of the present invention.The first cooling device 200(that the architectural feature of sidewall 120 also can correspondingly be provided for the bottom section below of cooling compartment is shown in Fig. 1) the heat isolation.In the schematic cross sectional views of Fig. 5 A-5C, cooling compartment 100 correspondingly is arranged in the right side of sidewall 120, the outside of sidewall 120 in Fig. 5 A-5C correspondingly in the left side of sidewall 120.
According to Fig. 5 A, on the inboard of sidewall 120, be at first cooling layer 101, described cooling layer 101 consists of metal, for example aluminium or steel, thickness range at several millimeters until 1cm.Cooling layer 101 and the first cooling device 200(are shown in Fig. 1), especially with the directly thermo-contact of liquid nitrogen 220 of the first cooling device 200, thereby support cooling to the inside of cooling compartment 100 by cooling layer 101.Then be the first vacuum component layer 122.1, it has the hollow wall be evacuated extended along sidewall 120.The outer surface of the hollow wall be evacuated is designed to infrared reflecting (heat radiation), and is provided with reflective surface coatings or reflection foil 120.1 for this reason.Therefore, from outside heat radiation, be reflected valuably.
Then, also have another vacuum component layer 122.2, it comprises the brick wall of being made by the insulating element of brick shape.Described insulating element is the hollow plastic body with inside that be evacuated, sealing.Each insulating element is from autonomous system.In vacuum component layer 122.2, insulating element ground as in brick wall is arranged in multi-layer intercrossed mode, thereby this is of value to the heat transmission suppressed by sidewall 120.
Outwards then the plastic layer 121 of being made by foamed plastics, for example polyurethane.The thickness of plastic layer 121 for example equal 10cm until 1m(for the isolation and the stability purpose).The overcoat 121.1, another wall expanding layer and/or another vacuum component layer (see figure 1) that are used for the mechanical protection of sidewall 120 are arranged in the outside of plastic layer 121.
An advantage of the present invention especially is, can be in the situation that increase as required the thickness of sidewall 120 without any necessary physical constraints.According to the size of cooling system, total thickness 1m to 6m or 10m or higher be feasible with desirable.For traditional refrigerator, need thin as far as possible cabinet wall to save storage area.Under contrast, according to the thickness of the sidewall 120 of cooling system of the present invention, do not play a crucial role.
The embodiment of Fig. 5 A can be changed into another hollow wall is embedded, and described another hollow wall is the part of another cooling device, especially electric cooling device.For example, in the situation that accident (in the situation that the first cooling device below the bottom section of cooling compartment lost efficacy), during maintenance and repair the first cooling device, the cooling of cooling compartment can be implemented by sidewall 120 fully at the same time.For example, when the storage of the liquid nitrogen 220 of the first cooling device 200 is not enough and can not fill soon, can provide undertaken by sidewall 120 cooling.This improvement illustrates in greater detail in Fig. 5 B.
Fig. 5 B shows sidewall 120, and wherein, vacuum component layer 122.1 is arranged to have the thickness of increase, and additionally, the second cooling device 300(is shown in Fig. 1) cooling element 310 be arranged on the inboard of sidewall 120.Cooling element 310 comprise another stratiform, hollow wall type member, a plurality of hollows that for example are made of metal lining.The hollow lining can be arranged on whole surface, or is arranged at interval each other on the inboard of sidewall 120.Cooling element 310 is shown in Fig. 1 with cooling unit 320() be connected.In addition, cooling element 310 can be shown in Fig. 1 with the liquid nitrogen 220(of the first cooling device 200) be communicated with.
In course of normal operation, the cooling cooling element 310 that is subject to of the inside of cooling compartment 100 is supported.In the situation that accident, cooling element 310 can flow through from the outside by additional cooling agent.Described additional cooling agent can provide by electric cooling system, or for example with liquid nitrogen, provides from cooling agent hold-up tank or the tank truck that is connected.
Fig. 5 C shows the modification of another modification of sidewall 120, and wherein, the order of vacuum component layer 122.2 and plastic layer 121 is changed.Specifically, at first, metal cooling layer 101 is arranged on the inboard of sidewall 120, and the first vacuum component layer 122.1 is arranged under the metal cooling layer.The first vacuum component layer 122.1 can be equipped with reflecting element 120.1 as shown in Figure 5A.Then be plastic layer 121 and the brick wall made by the insulating element of vacuum component layer 122.2.Be then outwards another overcoat 122.3, vacuum component layer 122.2 is stable by described another overcoat 122.3.In addition, for protection or stable purpose, outside can connect traditional wall construction.
Indicative icon in Fig. 6 shows the annexation according to cooling system 1 according to the present invention and cooling agent feeder 500 and operation control system 600.Cooling system 1 is equipped with cooling compartment 100, described cooling compartment 100 be configured to lower than-80 ℃, especially lower than the temperature of-130 ℃ under the long term storage biological specimen.Usually, the temperature in cooling compartment 100 is lower than-140 ℃.For this reason, the first cooling device 200(is shown in Fig. 1) as described below by the feed liquid nitrogen.
The first cooling agent reservoir vessel 510 is shown in Fig. 1 via coolant line 520 with the first cooling device 200() be connected.In addition, the first cooling agent reservoir vessel is shown in Fig. 4 with the coolable outer cover compartment 400.1(of operating room 400) be connected, so that in the situation that accident for example is set to temperature setting-80 ℃ in outer cover compartment 400.1.
The second cooling agent reservoir vessel 511 is connected with the personnel's locking device 450 for the operator via vapo(u)rization system, the second coolant line 521 and temperature control equipment 522.Temperature control equipment 522 activated as follows: in personnel's locking device 450, the temperature of-40 ℃ is set in the first compartment, the temperature of-80 ℃ is set in the second compartment.In addition, temperature control equipment 522 is also for being additionally the sample locking device 460 adjusting temperature for sample.
Use control loop that liquid nitrogen is fed in the first cooling device 200 subsequently.The liquid level level of the liquid nitrogen of the first cooling device 200 is carried out record by the filling horizon sensor.When the liquid level level drops to lower than critical liquid level level, liquid nitrogen additionally is fed to the first cooling device 200 via coolant line 520.
In addition, comprise that the second cooling device of electric cooling unit 320 is connected to cooling system 1, described electric cooling unit 320 is configured to temperature setting is set to-80 ℃ in cooling compartment 100, be preferably-150 ℃.The cooling element 310(that the cooling agent of the second cooling device 300 is transported in the sidewall of cooling compartment 100 for example is shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 B).
Fig. 6 also shows the member according to the operating control device 600 of cooling system 1 of the present invention.In particular, operating control device 600 comprises for sample storage and regains the first control device 601 of automation and the second control device 602 of controlling for system.Second control device 602 especially comprises control device temperature setting device and/or sensor, light and (for example video camera) monitoring system.In addition, operating control device 600 comprises the first database 603, and described the first database 603 connects with the data memory device of sample in being stored in cooling system 1.The electronic device of sample container and/or warning system are controlled by the data from the first database 603, with for surveying critical sample state.The second database 604 is suitable for being attached to the electronic device of sample.It can be wired or wireless that operation control system 600 is connected with data between cooling system 1.Finally, operating control device 600 comprises vacuum system 605, and described vacuum system 605 is arranged for the finding time of the member of the sidewall 120 of cooling compartment 100, and if necessary, can be powered by generator 531.
Fig. 7 is with the schematic cross sectional views (Fig. 7 A) of watching from top and show another embodiment according to cooling system 1 of the present invention with the schematic cross sectional views (Fig. 7 B) of watching from the side.In addition, Fig. 7 shows the modification (Fig. 7 C) that the shelf arranged from cooling system 1 according to the present invention removes sample.For the cooling system 1 according to Fig. 7, cooling compartment 100 is divided into a plurality of cooling compartments 105,106,107 by means of partition wall 160.It is boundary that the layout of cooling compartment 105,106,107 outwards be take bottom section 110, sidewall 120 and top area 130, as above reference example as described in the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 1.Cooling compartment 100 can enter from top by top area 130 uniquely.Cooling compartment 100 is not in the horizontal direction through the opening of in sidewall 120.Therefore, avoided any interference to the horizontal slice of the gas in cooling compartment 100.
In addition, cooling system 1 is suitable for automation mechanized operation fully.In course of normal operation, cooling compartment 100 is not checked.On the contrary, the feed of sample or remove uniquely for example see Fig. 7 C via automated system by top area 130() implement.
Alternatively, can approach uniquely all cooling compartments 105,106,107 from top, and door opening 161 only is preserved in the situation that the approaching of accident.In this case, door opening 161 can be arranged on the height of bottom section, does not now need step 162.
The window (not shown) can be provided in partition wall 160.Window has promoted valuably to the observation of the inside of cooling compartment and illumination.Window preferably has the thermal conductivity factor reduced, and preferably uses vacuum composite window.
Fig. 7 B shows how via personnel's locking device 450, to approach cooling compartment 100.Operator 3 enters personnel's locking device 450 via step.The operator 3 who wears protective garment can climb to cooling compartment 107 via open top 131 from personnel's locking device 450.Operator 3 can come into interior cooling compartment 106,105 by door opening 161 from cooling compartment 107.
The advantage had according to the cooling system 1 of Fig. 7 is to regulate different temperature in cooling compartment 105,106,107.Interior cooling compartment 105 is because its besieged position becomes the safest chamber of cooling system 1.Cooling compartment 105 in the situation that accident will heat up the most slowly because it is avoided thermal break-through by outer cooling compartment 106,107 protections.Therefore, according to the cooling system 1 of Fig. 7, use with being preferably as follows.
The most valuable sample, for example, such as active material (indivedual cells, cell suspension, blood or tissue part) leaves in interior cooling compartment 105.Usually, these comprise seldom mobile stock, only need sample access seldom.In particular, deposit or standby stock are contained in interior cooling compartment 105.In cooling compartment 106 comprise the sample of the frequent access of needs.This zone can be used as the working space of freezer.Finally, can bear up to-50 ℃, even the sample of the storage temperature of the rising up to-20 ℃ is stored in the cooling compartment 107 of outermost if necessary.This sample comprises xenobiotic matter, serine, blood plasma, inhereditary material etc.
Fig. 7 C shows and how the shelf of sample receiving system 141 is moved in upper operating chamber 400 by the opening top area 130 from cooling compartment 100, in order to obtain each sample from shelf 141.Movably isolate tower 480 and be arranged in operating room 400, the described tower 480 of movably isolating comprises porous material 481, for example silicate gel on side at least within it.Shelf 141 is thus lifted to along vertical rail 143 from low-temperature region isolation tower 480.Described lifting is implemented into and can removes the height of required sample from shelf 141 by the gap 482 in isolation tower 480.Isolation tower 480 is connected with the reservoir (not shown) of liquid nitrogen.The porous material filled with liquid nitrogen, thereby reach the temperature of for example-160 ℃ in isolation tower 480, and the sample short time only be removed is exposed under the environment temperature of for example-20 ℃, and the every other sample on shelf 141 is still in the fluctuating error of the low temperature range in, cooling compartment 100 that form by isolation tower 480.
Store cooling agent (especially liquid nitrogen) with porous material, for example silicate gel is not enforceable for the effective cooling of isolation tower 480.Isolation tower 480 also can be formed by hot isolated material.In addition, according to the present invention, the use of porous material, for example silicate gel also can be provided on other members of cooling compartment 100 usually, on other members of especially bottom section 110, sidewall 120 or top area 130.
Fig. 8 shows according to another embodiment of cooling system 1 of the present invention and additional details.In course of normal operation, this cooling system 1 is also automatically worked, thereby the operator does not enter cooling compartment.The inspection of cooling compartment 100 only for example, under special case, carry out, with for maintenance work, installment work or inspection under accident conditions.Although normal operating expection is not carried out any inspection to cooling compartment 100, the inspection to cooling compartment has still been described in particular cases herein.
As mentioned above, the operating room 400 that cooling system 1 is configured to have cooling compartment 100 and is positioned at cooling compartment 100 tops.Cooling compartment 100 is limited by bottom section 110, sidewall 120 and top area 130.The first cooling device 200 is positioned at bottom section 110 belows.The second cooling device 300 is connected with sidewall 120.Have at least one open top 131 in top area 130, the conveyer 150 with hoist cable 151 and ladder 152 reaches cooling compartment 100 from operating room 400 through described open top 131.
In order to check cooling compartment 100, operator 3 steps in operating room 400 by personnel's locking device 450.Closing door is between personnel's locking device 450 and operating room 400, and operator 3 can be by described closing door via step 457 Proximity operation chambers 400.From operating room 400, by 131 pairs of cooling compartments 100 of open top, checked.Outer cover compartment 400.1(accident tower) above operating room 400, in the situation that during accident can be transported to described outer cover compartment 400.1 by sample receiving system 140, especially tower-like shelf 141.
Fig. 8 shows nitrogen sprinkling system 108 as another the useful architectural feature according to cooling system 1 of the present invention, and described nitrogen sprinkling system 108 is arranged in cooling compartment 100.Nitrogen sprinkling system 108 is preferably placed at the downside of top area 130.Valuably, use cooling compartment or, under accident conditions, can realize cooling fast by nitrogen sprinkling system 108 first.Nitrogen sprinkling system 108(is shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 6) via coolant hose route cooling agent feeder 500 feeds.
In addition, in cooling compartment 100, condensate gathering element 109 has been shown.Condensate gathering element 109 for example comprises metallic plate, and described metallic plate and the first cooling device 200, especially liquid nitrogen 220 link.Condensate gathering element 109 forms ice trap.By changing condensate gathering element 109 by means of mechanical scraping, absorption or by means of the removable any ice sheet of sublimation of the dry heating installation body that uses partial inflation.Therefore, be different from traditional cryopreservation technology, can suppress ice and form in the cooling compartment of balance.
For the situation (withdrawing) that need to remove immediately sample, wall elements 123 is arranged in sidewall areas.Wall elements 123 is connected with sidewall 120 via opening connection part 124, and can remove or pound out from sidewall 120 from sidewall 120.Schematically illustrated engagement device 700 is arranged on the outside of sidewall 120, with the container of withdrawing for mobile.
Automated sample is deposited or sample removes by sample access automation 470 and implements, and described sample access automation 470 is arranged in operating room 400, and comprises the drive unit 410 for mechanical control element 411.Moving horizontally in the operating room 400 higher than at-80 ℃ of temperature of control element 411 implemented.The gap that the vertical arm 416 of control element 411 is outputed be passed in open top 131 in moving to cooling compartment 100 processes in, thus can approach all pallets of shelf 141.Sample is removed, upwards transports, arrives sample access automation 470, and is transferred to the applicable gate of temperature (60 to-80 ℃), in the situation that this sample is transferred into, can remove position 458 what do not wear that any heat-protective clothing enters.
Fig. 9 shows: in the situation that cooling system 1 is designed to have bureau of industry's size, it is useful using variable partition wall 160.Partition wall 160 can embed on request in cooling compartment 100 or from cooling compartment 100 and remove.Partition wall 160 extends on horizontal and/or longitudinal direction with respect to the direction extending longitudinally of cooling compartment 100.Preferably, but partition wall 160 in the vertical directions, move up, thereby prevented from valuably occurring gas flow or the not controlled thermograde do not expected in cooling compartment 100.In addition, partition wall 160 makes it possible in each compartment of cooling compartment 100 cooling respectively with variable temperature.By this way, freezer can be realized the storage capacity of millions of samples.
According to Figure 10, can provide the modular construction of cooling system 1 as illustrated the substituting in Fig. 9, wherein, all compartments or sample receiving system form independent element in cooling compartment 100, and described independent element if necessary can be with self-centered mode feed.But this method has advantages of spread.
For implement the present invention with different designs of the present invention for, in the above description disclosed architectural feature of the present invention, claim and accompanying drawing individually or any combination ground be all important.
Claims (15)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011010121.7A DE102011010121B4 (en) | 2011-02-02 | 2011-02-02 | Walk-in cooling system, in particular for the cryopreservation of biological samples, and method for their operation |
| DE102011010121.7 | 2011-02-02 | ||
| PCT/EP2012/000451 WO2012104080A2 (en) | 2011-02-02 | 2012-02-01 | Accessible cooling system, especially for cryopreserving biological samples, and method for the operation thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103459949A true CN103459949A (en) | 2013-12-18 |
| CN103459949B CN103459949B (en) | 2016-06-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280015818.XA Expired - Fee Related CN103459949B (en) | 2011-02-02 | 2012-02-01 | It is particularly useful for the cooling system being suitable for walking of low temperature storage biological specimen and the method for operating this kind of cooling system |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20140000307A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2671034A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2014504716A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103459949B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2825234C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102011010121B4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012104080A2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105211050A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-01-06 | 上海原能细胞医学技术有限公司 | For the operating desk of freeze-stored cell |
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| CN113720066A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-11-30 | 金西盟(天津)人工智能有限责任公司 | Biological sample liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator |
| CN114739075A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-12 | 青岛海尔生物医疗股份有限公司 | Method and device for cooling program cooling instrument and program cooling instrument |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2012104080A2 (en) | 2012-08-09 |
| EP2671034A2 (en) | 2013-12-11 |
| JP2014504716A (en) | 2014-02-24 |
| US20140000307A1 (en) | 2014-01-02 |
| WO2012104080A3 (en) | 2013-01-24 |
| CN103459949B (en) | 2016-06-01 |
| WO2012104080A8 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
| CA2825234C (en) | 2018-11-27 |
| CA2825234A1 (en) | 2012-08-09 |
| DE102011010121A1 (en) | 2012-08-02 |
| DE102011010121B4 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
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