[go: up one dir, main page]

CN103453731B - 用于产生电能的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于产生电能的方法和装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN103453731B
CN103453731B CN201310199584.5A CN201310199584A CN103453731B CN 103453731 B CN103453731 B CN 103453731B CN 201310199584 A CN201310199584 A CN 201310199584A CN 103453731 B CN103453731 B CN 103453731B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
distillation column
stream
operational mode
column system
turbine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201310199584.5A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN103453731A (zh
Inventor
D·格卢贝夫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of CN103453731A publication Critical patent/CN103453731A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103453731B publication Critical patent/CN103453731B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
    • F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/067—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion heat coming from a gasification or pyrolysis process, e.g. coal gasification
    • F01K23/068—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion heat coming from a gasification or pyrolysis process, e.g. coal gasification in combination with an oxygen producing plant, e.g. an air separation plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/0406—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F25J3/04181—Regenerating the adsorbents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04218—Parallel arrangement of the main heat exchange line in cores having different functions, e.g. in low pressure and high pressure cores
    • F25J3/04224—Cores associated with a liquefaction or refrigeration cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04254—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using the cold stored in external cryogenic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04309—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04363—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04472—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages
    • F25J3/04496—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04472—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages
    • F25J3/04496—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist
    • F25J3/04503—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist by exchanging "cold" between at least two different cryogenic liquids, e.g. independently from the main heat exchange line of the air fractionation and/or by using external alternating storage systems
    • F25J3/04509—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist by exchanging "cold" between at least two different cryogenic liquids, e.g. independently from the main heat exchange line of the air fractionation and/or by using external alternating storage systems within the cold part of the air fractionation, i.e. exchanging "cold" within the fractionation and/or main heat exchange line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04472—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages
    • F25J3/04496—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist
    • F25J3/04503—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist by exchanging "cold" between at least two different cryogenic liquids, e.g. independently from the main heat exchange line of the air fractionation and/or by using external alternating storage systems
    • F25J3/04509—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist by exchanging "cold" between at least two different cryogenic liquids, e.g. independently from the main heat exchange line of the air fractionation and/or by using external alternating storage systems within the cold part of the air fractionation, i.e. exchanging "cold" within the fractionation and/or main heat exchange line
    • F25J3/04515—Simultaneously changing air feed and products output
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04527—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
    • F25J3/04533—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the direct combustion of fuels in a power plant, so-called "oxyfuel combustion"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04527—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
    • F25J3/04539—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels
    • F25J3/04545—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels for the gasification of solid or heavy liquid fuels, e.g. integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
    • F25J3/04575—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating for a gas expansion plant, e.g. dilution of the combustion gas in a gas turbine
    • F25J3/04581—Hot gas expansion of indirect heated nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04612—Heat exchange integration with process streams, e.g. from the air gas consuming unit
    • F25J3/04618—Heat exchange integration with process streams, e.g. from the air gas consuming unit for cooling an air stream fed to the air fractionation unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
    • F25J3/04836—Variable air feed, i.e. "load" or product demand during specified periods, e.g. during periods with high respectively low power costs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/50—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/04—Compressor cooling arrangement, e.g. inter- or after-stage cooling or condensate removal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/06—Adiabatic compressor, i.e. without interstage cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/70—Steam turbine, e.g. used in a Rankine cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being oxygen
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

在由发电站（18）和低温空气分离设备（7）组成的系统中产生电能的方法和装置，在该设备（7）中，将进料空气流（1）在主空压机（3、4、5；30）中压缩，在主热交换器中冷却，并导入蒸馏塔系统中。将第一氧富集的产物流（17）从蒸馏塔系统导入发电站（18）。在第一运行模式中，将深冷液体（21、21a）导入液体容器（22）中。在第二运行模式中，将深冷液体（23）从液体容器（22）排出，并导入蒸馏塔系统中，将蒸馏塔系统的第二工艺流（24）加热（14）至高温，随后做功减压，将产生的机械能至少部分地转换（28）成电能（29），及将产物流用作蒸馏塔系统的第二工艺流（24），加热（14）至高温，随后减压。

Description

用于产生电能的方法和装置
技术领域
本发明涉及用于产生电能的方法和装置，其中在发电站中消耗氧，例如用于燃烧燃料(含氧燃料发电站)或用于通过部分氧化产生燃料(例如IGCC发电站内的煤或重油汽化)。本发明特别是涉及根据权利要求1前序部分所述的方法。
背景技术
在此，将氧富集的产物从蒸馏塔系统导入发电站。该导入过程可以直接进行，或者例如通过液体容器或气体压力存储器形式的缓冲器间接进行。
由于电力生产可更新能量的比例变得越来越大，对此类发电站的负载灵活性的要求也越来越高。特别是含氧燃料发电站的经济性因此不单单取决于快速和高效的负载匹配的可能性。
受特定的季节变动的影响，电能需求的波动范围基本上通过日夜工作周期确定。若电网中的电力需求低(夜间)，则发电站应当产生尽可能少的电能；向电网的供电在此情况下甚至可能会受到罚款。若电力需求上升(日间)，则发电站又应当满负荷和最大效率地向电网供电。
发电站在夜间的短时间停工是个运行技术上的问题。因此，发电站回到最小负载。因为始终还在产生电能，所以这些电能必须人工消除，以避免由于供给电网而受到罚款。
在例如夜间电能需求低的情况下，该系统可以在“第一运行模式”中运行。在此，蒸馏塔系统的第一工艺流以深冷液体的形式导入液体容器中，并在此储存。因此，在第一运行模式期间，容器中的液面上升，并因此储存能量。
“蒸馏塔系统的工艺流”在此是指直接或间接地从蒸馏塔系统排出或者为了导入蒸馏塔系统中所确定的流体。该工艺流例如可以通过低温空气分离设备的进料空气、氮富集的产物或氧富集的产物形成。
相反地，在电能需求高的情况下，该系统可以在“第二运行模式”中运行，其中释放出在液体容器中储存的能量。在此，液体从容器导入蒸馏塔系统中，并由此利用其冷量。同时将蒸馏塔系统的第二工艺流加热至高温，随后在热膨胀式透平机中减压，并由此产生额外的电能。在第二运行模式期间，容器中的液面下降，并由此释放出能量。
“第二工艺流”可以具有与“第一工艺流”相同或不同的化学组成。
“热膨胀式透平机”在此是指一种膨胀式透平机，在其入口处正常运行时具有高温，其是为了使主要或完全通过来自蒸馏塔系统的工艺流形成的流做功减压而设计的。因此特别是排除了主要利用燃烧废气运行的透平机，如同在传统的汽轮机系统膨胀时的情况。
在热膨胀式透平机的入口处具有的“高温”在此是指高于环境温度的温度，特别是至少40℃，优选至少45℃；所述“高温”例如在45至145℃的范围内。
WO2005/064252A1公开了前述类型的方法和相应的装置。在此，在“第一运行模式”中液态空气作为深冷液体储存，在“第二运行模式”中将可供使用的额外的冷量用于冷压缩机中，对来自蒸馏塔系统的低压塔的氮施加压力，然后进行加热并送至膨胀式透平机。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供用于能量储存的在能量方面特别有利的系统，目标是尽可能大幅度地提高满负荷期间发电站的效率。
该目的是通过权利要求1的特征实现的。
在根据本发明的方法中，将在蒸馏塔系统中已经存在的提高的压力用于高压塔中，以产生膨胀式透平机所需的压降或其中的至少一部分。已知方法中的用于蒸馏塔系统的第二工艺流的冷压缩机是不需要的。因此一方面消除了相应的设备成本。因为省略了在能量方面不利的于低的温度水平输入热量，所以根据本发明的方法特别是可以额外地产生每单位在容器中储存的液体量明显更多的能量。因此在本发明中，通常不使用冷压缩机以压缩第二工艺流。尤其是在第二运行模式期间，优选也不从低温空气分离设备排出冷气体；更确切地说，优选将第二工艺流在低温空气分离设备的主热交换器中进行加热，特别是直至大约环境温度。
本发明能够在空气分离设备与消耗氧的发电站如含氧燃料-燃煤发电站之间实现特别有效的能量管理。将在第一运行模式中为了使第一工艺流液化所获得的大部分液化功在第二运行模式中在热膨胀式透平机中回收。此类能量储存的效率非常高，例如可以为60至65％。
若低温空气分离设备的蒸馏塔系统具有多于两个用于氮氧分离的分离塔，则“高压塔”在本发明的意义上可以通过不是低压塔的任何分离塔即不是具有最低压力的用于氮氧分离的分离塔形成。在三塔系统中，“高压塔”例如可以通过具有最高工作压力的分离塔或者通过具有第二高的工作压力的分离塔形成。该三塔系统在本发明的意义上具有两个“高压塔”。
根据另一个实施方案，不对第二工艺流进行压缩，而是在高压塔的压力下(扣除线路损耗)导入膨胀式透平机中。
在一个本发明的特殊的实施方案中，在第一运行模式中，使蒸馏塔系统的第三工艺流在冷膨胀式透平机中做功减压，该第三工艺流同样是通过来自所述的或一个高压塔的氮富集的产物流形成的，并在主热交换器中加热经做功减压的第三工艺流。
“冷膨胀式透平机”应当理解为减压机，其出口温度明显低于环境温度，特别是低于200K。其入口温度同样低于环境温度，无论如何至少不高于环境温度。
在主热交换器中，将在冷膨胀式透平机中产生的冷量传递到低温空气分离设备的其他工艺流，例如进料空气。“主热交换器”用于在与来自蒸馏塔系统的回流的间接热交换中冷却进料空气。其可以由单个或多个并联和/或串联连接的热交换器区段形成，例如由一个或多个板式热交换器区块形成。
在第一运行模式中(对电能的需求低的情况下)，因此以在能量方面有利的方式，通过使来自高压塔的氮做功减压产生低温空气分离设备的运行和第一工艺流的液化所需的冷量。在第二运行模式期间(对电能的需求高的情况下)，减少通过冷膨胀式透平机的通量或者完全切断冷膨胀式透平机。然后可以(额外地)将在此从高压塔释放的氮量用于在热减压透平机中产生电能。
特别有利的是，在第一运行模式中，将来自蒸馏塔系统的第二氧富集的产物流用作蒸馏塔系统的第一工艺流，导入液体容器中并在此储存。
因此不仅储存冷量，而且还将在第一工艺流上施加的分离功也储存在液体容器中。然后通过相应地回收有待在低温空气分离设备的主空压机上进行压缩的空气量，可以在第二运行模式中节省掉该分离功。因此，与进料空气的液态缓冲相比，液态产物氧的储存明显更优。
用作第一工艺流的氧在此可以直接从蒸馏塔系统排出，例如从低压塔或者从分离设置的冷凝器容器(例如副冷凝器)排出；选择性地，将其以气态从蒸馏塔系统排出，随后在低温空气分离设备或分离的氧液化器中进行液化。
在许多情况下有利的是，在第二运行模式中，将至少一部分在主空压机内产生的压缩热用于加热在热膨胀式透平机上游的第二工艺流。这可以通过压缩的进料空气与第二工艺流之间的间接热交换，或者双重间接地通过热载体循环的中间连接，以本身已知的方式进行。压缩热的此类应用可以与主空压机的其他部分的压缩热的应用相结合，以加热火力发电站的供水，如第102012001606号德国专利申请及其对应的专利申请中所述。
该系统还可以与第二或第三液体容器构成交替式储存系统，例如Technik undWissenschaft，54/1984，第18至20页的Linde报告、EP399197B1＝US5,084,081或EP842385B1＝US5,953,937所公开的。在此，第三工艺流作为深冷液体至少暂时地储存在第二液体容器中。
若有特别多的冷量可供使用，则有意义的是，将从高压塔的提取与到高温的加热之间的氮富集的产物流在冷压缩机中压缩至高于高压塔的工作压力的压力。“冷压缩机”应当理解为其入口温度低于环境温度，特别是低于250K的压缩机。冷压缩机的入口温度优选低于150K，特别是低于100K。
此外，本发明涉及根据权利要求8和9的装置。根据本发明的装置可以通过对应于从属的方法权利要求的特征的装置特征加以补充。
下面借助附图所示的实施例更详细地阐述本发明以及本发明的其他细节。
附图说明
图1所示为本发明的第一实施例，其采用两种气压和外部液化器；
图2所示为本发明的第二实施例，其采用单一的气压；
图3所示为本发明的第三实施例，其具有通过将主空压机的压缩热用于加热第二工艺流的内部热集成；
图4和图5各自所示为具有内部热集成的其他实施例；
图6和7所示为图1的两种改变的方案，没有外部液化器，通过使进料空气做功减压产生冷量；
图8所示为采用冷压缩机的图1的改变的方案；及
图9所示为采用两个液体容器交替储存的图1的另一种改变的方案。
具体实施方式
在图1中，大气空气1通过过滤器2由多级主空压机30(main air compressor-MAC)吸入并送至Coldbox(冷箱)6，该冷箱具有主热交换器和包括高压塔和低压塔的蒸馏塔系统(未示出)。高压塔和低压塔通过被设计为冷凝器蒸发器的主冷凝器以热交换的方式连接。(替代性地，在蒸馏塔系统中还可以使用多于两个塔和/或一个或多个其他的冷凝器蒸发器)。主空压机30和冷箱6是低温空气分离设备7的部件。如同通常的情况，在冷箱6上游设置预冷装置和空气净化装置；这些装置在附图中没有示出。
在主空压机30下游，将压缩至第一压力的空气在再冷却器31中冷却到大约为环境温度。空气的第一分流33在该第一压力下进入冷箱6。第二分流34在再压缩机35(升压空气压缩机，booster air compressor-BAC)中利用再冷却器36进一步压缩至更高的第二压力，并作为高压空气37导入冷箱6中。(再冷却31、36通过间接热交换进行；替代性地，再冷却步骤36还可以通过在直接接触冷却器中的直接热交换进行)。
从低温空气分离设备6的低压塔排出气态氧，在主热交换器中加热，并通过管道16排出。将至少其中的第一部分作为“第一氧富集的产物流”17送至含氧燃料发电站18。替代性地，对氧进行内部压缩，即以液态形式从低压塔排出，在主热交换器中在提高的压力下蒸发或假蒸发，随后在该提高的压力下以气态输入管道16中。
管道17既在第一运行模式中供料，又在第二运行模式中供料。
此外，在第一运行模式中，氧产物16的第二部分19作为“第二氧富集的产物流”和“第一工艺流”流入分离的氧液化器20。将在此产生的液态氧作为深冷液体21导入液体容器22中。(在第一运行模式中，少量或者优选甚至没有液体通过管道23流动)。
用于氧液化的冷量在此在液化器20本身中产生。其包括具有一个或两个透平机的液化循环(附图中未示出)。
低温空气分离设备运行所需的冷量在第一运行模式中在冷膨胀式透平机40内产生，在其中使通过来自高压塔的氮富集的产物流41形成的、优选通过高压塔塔顶的气态氮形成的“蒸馏塔系统的第三工艺流”做功减压。经做功减压的氮42在主热交换器中加热。冷减压透平机40可以通过任何已知的制动装置制动；在本实施例中其与产生额外的电能44的发电机43相连接。
在第二运行模式中，减少或者完全中断向容器22的输送19/21。作为替代，从液体容器22排出液态氧，从而使容器22中的液面下降。将来自液体容器22的所储存的深冷液体23导入蒸馏塔系统中，特别是导入低压塔中，导入冷凝器蒸发器、特别是主冷凝器和/或副冷凝器的蒸发室中，和/或导入主热交换器中。
通过供给液体，可以减少通过冷透平机40的通量，需要时降到零。在向发电站18供应氧17的量保持不变或者甚至提高的情况下，可以减少通过主空压机30的空气量。低温空气分离设备的能耗因此在第二运行模式中下降。
同时从高压塔排出氮作为“氮富集的产物流”，在主热交换器中加热，并作为“蒸馏塔系统的第二工艺流”24从低温空气分离设备中排出，在氮加热器14内加热到例如75℃的高温，随后通过管道25送至热膨胀式透平机26内进行做功减压。将经做功减压的氮27排放到大气中，在蒸发冷却器中用作干燥气体，或者作为再生气体在吸附装置中用于空气净化。
热膨胀式透平机26与将在膨胀式透平机中产生的机械能转换成电能29的发电机28以机械方式连接。
在第一运行模式中(例如在夜间)产生的氧多于发电站的消耗。该“过剩的”氧19在外部(或者替代性地在集成在低温空气分离设备中的-参见图6和7)的氧液化器20内液化，并储存在低温的液体容器22中。在第二运行模式中(例如在日间)，将所储存的LOX23供应至空气分离设备7中，以减少其能量需求。该空气分离设备在此以“LOX喷射”模式(类似于已知的概念“LIN喷射”)运行，其中用于产生冷量的透平机40断开。
除了节省一部分用于产生氧的分离功率，还可以回收大部分所使用的液化能。
氧的制造消耗能量，并因此使发电站的总效率变差。因此，空气分离设备要求非常高的效率。用于制造非纯氧的能量优化的方法具有至少两个气压水平。为了在无LOX喷射的模式中产生冷量，还可以使用来自具有最低压力的高压塔的压缩氮，条件是采用具有多个在不同压力下运行的高压塔的方法(例如参见WO2009/095188A2＝US2011/023540A1或第102011 113 671号德国专利申请及其对应的专利申请)。由于压力低，该量相当大，并且在最佳情况下为进入冷箱6的空气总量的约25至30摩尔％。
因为在LOX喷射模式(第二运行模式)中不需要产生冷量，所以断开冷透平机40，压缩氮替代性地在热的透平机中减压以产生能量。该压缩GAN流在进入透平机26之前的进一步加热14提高了透平机功率(获取能量)，并且在此可以将透平机出口处的温度调节至接近环境温度(例如在透平机流作为吸附装置的再生气体使用的情况下)。
图2与图1的区别在于，全部空气在多级主空压机230中利用中间冷却压缩至均一的压力水平。
在图3中，主空压机3、4的压缩热具有两级而无中间冷却，再压缩机35的压缩热用于产生能量。
在第一运行模式中，在此传统地利用冷却水运行的再冷却器31a和36a运行(如图1中所示)。通过间接热交换进行再冷却；替代性地，再冷却步骤36a还可以通过在直接接触冷却器内的直接热交换进行。
与此不同，在第二运行模式中，于再冷却器31b内加热用于发电站蒸汽循环的供水301，如第10 2012 001 606号德国专利申请及其对应的专利申请中所详细描述。(代替供水，还可以将其他热载体流通过管道301导入再冷却器31b中，该其他热载体流在再冷却器下游，例如通过与供水的间接热交换将热量输入发电站18)。同时将再冷却器35的压缩热在再冷却器36b内通过间接热交换传递至例如来自冷却塔的冷却水12。经加热的冷却水13在氮加热器14内通过间接热交换又释放出热量，最后通过管道15又导入冷却塔。因此在管道25内可以达到从约50至90℃的范围内的加热温度。
采用“内部热集成”即压缩GAN流24在进入透平机26之前利用压缩机废热进行加热的方案，使得压缩机的有效能损失减少，并提高了该方案的总效率。
但是还可以利用再压缩机35的压缩热，无需在不同的再冷却器之间进行转换。本发明的相应的实施方案如图4所示。主空压机30的冷却在此在利用冷却水运行的再冷却器31中以传统方式进行冷却，需要时通过一个或多个中间冷却器加以补充。若主空压机30被设计为轴流式空气压缩机，则不使用中间冷却器。该方案在与发电站没有任何连接的情况下也发挥作用。
在第一运行模式中，热水流13并非如图中所示导向加热器14，而是导入冷却塔内，于其中排出热量；导入冷却塔可以直接进行，或者在与从再冷却器31排出的水混合之后进行。替代性地，可以类似于图3，设置用于第一运行模式的并联的再冷却器或直接接触冷却器。
在图5中，使用使全部空气达到均一压力的三级主空压机3、4、5。类似于图3，在前两级3、4之间不使用中间冷却。在第二级4下游的空气11由此具有比较高的温度。因此在第二运行模式中，在冷却器9内，例如来自冷却塔的冷却水12通过间接热交换进行加热。经加热的冷却水13在氮加热器14内通过间接热交换又释放出热量，最后通过管道15又导向冷却塔。第三级5在再冷却器10内以传统方式进行冷却。
在第一运行模式期间，空气11还在第二级的下游引导通过传统的冷却器8。
因为待减压的压缩氮的量24小于进料空气的量11，所以在第二运行模式中仅将一部分空气引导通过再冷却器9；剩余的空气在空气侧并联的传统再冷却器8内进行冷却。在夜间运行中，全部进料空气在再冷却器8内进行冷却。该实施例对于采用单一气压的常用过程而言是重要的。在该过程中，高压塔内的压力(PGAN压力)相应地高，因此在此需要明显更高的“加热温度”。
图6和7基本上与图1相对应。但是与图1的区别在于，不使用外部的氧液化器，而且“第一工艺流”在低温空气分离设备本身内液化。其所需的冷量是通过使一部分进料空气做功减压产生的。
在图6中，为此在第一运行模式期间，一部分高压空气在再压缩机35或其再冷却器36下游作为透平机空气流60、61分支，在低温空气分离设备6的主热交换器中冷却到中间温度，通过管道62又排出，并在空气透平机63内做功减压。将经做功减压的空气64导入低温空气分离设备6，特别是导入低温空气分离设备6的低压塔。在导入主热交换器处的上游，在由透平机63驱动的再压缩机65内进一步压缩透平机空气60；透平机63和再压缩机65直接以机械方式连接，并优选具有共同的轴。利用额外产生的冷量，在低温空气分离设备内部产生的液态氧21可以从低温空气分离设备作为“第一工艺流”以液态排出，并作为“深冷液体”导入氧容器22内。
与此不同，图7中的透平机空气70、71在第一分流33的更低的压力水平上分支，即在主空压机30或其再冷却器36下游。类似于图6，透平机空气流70、71在低温空气分离设备6的主热交换器中冷却到中间温度，通过管道72又排出，并在空气透平机73内做功减压。将经做功减压的空气74导入低温空气分离设备6，特别是低压塔。在导入主热交换器处的上游，在由透平机73驱动的再压缩机75内进一步压缩透平机空气70；透平机73和再压缩机75直接以机械方式连接，并优选具有共同的轴。
空气透平机63、73在图6和7的方法中特别是在第一运行模式期间运行，从而代替图1的氧液化器20产生用于形成深冷液体的冷量。在第二运行模式期间，通过空气透平机63、73的通量减少，或者完全切断空气透平机。
图8基本上与图1相对应。但是额外地在第二运行模式期间使用冷压缩机82，在其中将来自高压塔80的氮81(“第二工艺流”)进一步压缩超过高压塔的工作压力，例如从高压塔塔顶的工作压力2.7bar压缩至4.7bar的最终压力(或者更高)。氮81在高压塔的温度下进入冷压缩机82中，并在主热交换器的中间温度下导入其中，并加热到大约为环境温度。随后其如图1所示通过管道24流向氮加热器14，并继续通过管道25流向热膨胀式透平机26。通过该改变的方案，可以提高膨胀式透平机26上的压缩比，并因此在第二运行模式中产生更多的电能29。在第一运行模式中，膨胀式透平机26停止运转，其必然产生和储存比图1所示的情况更多的液态氧，即比低温空气分离设备(无冷压缩机)在第二运行模式中运行所需更多的液态氧。
此外，设置有围绕冷压缩机82的旁通管84，由此使该系统可以在与图1的第二运行模式相对应的第三运行模式中运行。因此产生略少于(图8的)第二运行模式的能量。
这例如可以用于满足日间运行期间的峰值消耗(“Peakshaving”)：在正常的日间运行中，该系统于是在第三运行模式中(围绕冷压缩机82的旁通管84)运行，并在此产生比第一运行模式明显更多的能量。在日间出现的峰值消耗的情况下，额外地利用冷压缩机82，并因此在第二运行模式中产生比第三运行模式更多的能量。
在图9中，图1的系统构成交替式储存装置。为此，“第三工艺流”90作为深冷液体至少暂时地储存在第二液体容器91内。在此使用来自高压塔的氮作为第三工艺流。其在低温空气分离设备的未示出的主冷凝器内液化，并通过管道90以深冷液体的形式导入被设计为氮容器的第二液体容器91内。在第二运行模式(例如日间运行)中，所储存的液态氧通过管道23供应至所述装置中，并将液态氮90导入容器中。在此时间内，氧容器22实际上排空，并加注氮容器。在第一运行模式(例如夜间运行)中，氮容器排空(液态氮92供应至低温空气分离设备中)，并加注氧容器(来自低温空气分离设备的液态氧21a连同外部的液化氧21)。因此在第二运行模式中可以回收额外的能量。此外，第一运行模式与第二运行模式之间的过渡和返回可以更加温和地实现。
图6至9相对于图1的改变可以类似地应用于根据图2至5的本发明的实施方案。此外，图6和9的改变还可以相互结合。
在根据图1至9的实施例的改变的方案中，取消冷透平机40。在此情况下，低温空气分离设备的全部过程冷量均在外部的液化器20中产生。在此情况下，在液化器内产生的液体持续地导入蒸馏塔系统内，在第一运行模式中亦是如此。在第二运行模式中，液化器20以减少的通量运行，或者完全断开。该方法改变的方案特别是可以在运行模式以规则的日夜循环交替的情况下使用。

Claims (9)

1.在由发电站(18)和低温空气分离设备(7)组成的系统中产生电能的方法，其中
-在低温空气分离设备(7)中，将进料空气流(1)在主空压机(3、4、5；30)中压缩，在主热交换器中冷却，并导入具有高压塔和低压塔的蒸馏塔系统中，及
-将第一氧富集的产物流(17)从蒸馏塔系统导入发电站(18)，
-及其中，在第一运行模式中，
-将通过蒸馏塔系统的第一工艺流(16、19)形成的深冷液体(21、21a)导入液体容器(22)中，并至少部分地在此储存，及
-蒸馏塔系统的第三工艺流(41)在冷膨胀式透平机(40)内做功减压，该第三工艺流同样是通过来自所述高压塔或一个高压塔的氮富集的产物流形成的，及经做功减压的第三工艺流(42)在主热交换器中进行加热，
-及在第二运行模式中，
-将所储存的深冷液体(23)从液体容器(22)排出，并导入蒸馏塔系统中，
-将蒸馏塔系统的第二工艺流(24)加热(14)至高温，随后在热膨胀式透平机(26)内做功减压，及
-将在热膨胀式透平机(26)内产生的机械能至少部分地转换(28)成电能(29)，
其特征在于，在第二运行模式中，将来自高压塔的氮富集的产物流用作蒸馏塔系统的第二工艺流(24)，加热(14)至高温，随后在热膨胀式透平机(26)内减压。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，第二工艺流(24)在高压塔与热膨胀式透平机(26)之间不进行压缩。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于，在第一运行模式中，将来自蒸馏塔系统的第二氧富集的产物流用作蒸馏塔系统的第一工艺流，导入液体容器(22)中，并在此储存。
4.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于，在第二运行模式中，将至少一部分在空气的主空压机(3、4、5；30)或再压缩机(35)中产生的压缩热用于加热在热膨胀式透平机(26)上游的第二工艺流(24)。
5.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于，将第三工艺流作为深冷液体至少暂时地储存在第二液体容器中。
6.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于，将氮富集的产物流(81)在从高压塔(80)排出与加热(14)至高温之间在冷压缩机(82)中压缩至高于高压塔(80)的工作压力的压力，其中冷压缩机的入口温度低于150K。
7.根据权利要求6的方法，其特征在于，冷压缩机的入口温度低于100K。
8.用于产生电能的装置
-具有由发电站(18)和低温空气分离设备(7)组成的系统，
-其中，低温空气分离设备(7)包括用于压缩进料空气流(1)的主空压机(3、4、5；30)、用于冷却经压缩的进料流的主热交换器、具有高压塔和低压塔的蒸馏塔系统以及用于将经冷却的进料空气流导入蒸馏塔系统中的部件，及
-包括用于将第一氧富集的产物流(17)从蒸馏塔系统导入发电站(18)的部件，
-包括用于将通过蒸馏塔系统的第一工艺流(16、19)形成的深冷液体(21、21a)在第一运行模式期间导入液体容器(22)中的部件，
-及包括
-用于在第二运行模式期间将所储存的深冷液体(23)从液体容器(22)排出并将所排出的液体导入蒸馏塔系统中的部件，
-用于将蒸馏塔系统的第二工艺流(24)加热(14)至高温的部件，
-用于在第二运行模式期间使经加热的第二工艺流做功减压的热膨胀式透平机(26)，及
-用于在第二运行模式期间将在热膨胀式透平机(26)中产生的机械能转换(28)成电能(29)的部件，
其特征在于，用于从高压塔排出氮富集的产物流作为蒸馏塔系统的第二工艺流(24)的部件，及用于在第二运行模式期间将所排出的氮富集的产物流送至加热(14)部件及热膨胀式透平机(26)的部件，其中在第一运行模式中，蒸馏塔系统的第三工艺流(41)在冷膨胀式透平机(40)内做功减压，该第三工艺流同样是通过来自所述高压塔或一个高压塔的氮富集的产物流形成的，及经做功减压的第三工艺流(42)在主热交换器中进行加热。
9.根据权利要求8的装置，其特征在于，用于在第一运行模式与第二运行模式之间自动转换的调节部件。
CN201310199584.5A 2012-04-03 2013-04-01 用于产生电能的方法和装置 Expired - Fee Related CN103453731B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012006746A DE102012006746A1 (de) 2012-04-03 2012-04-03 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung elektrischer Energie
DE102012006746.1 2012-04-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103453731A CN103453731A (zh) 2013-12-18
CN103453731B true CN103453731B (zh) 2017-03-22

Family

ID=46146524

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201310199584.5A Expired - Fee Related CN103453731B (zh) 2012-04-03 2013-04-01 用于产生电能的方法和装置

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US9458762B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2647934A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN103453731B (zh)
DE (1) DE102012006746A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016015850A1 (de) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-04 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Gewinnung eines luftprodukts in einer luftzerlegungsanlage mit kältespeichereinheit
US11199114B2 (en) * 2019-08-21 2021-12-14 Taiwan Happy Energy Co., Ltd. Devices, systems, and methods for generating power
US11035260B1 (en) 2020-03-31 2021-06-15 Veritask Energy Systems, Inc. System, apparatus, and method for energy conversion

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6134916A (en) * 1999-02-02 2000-10-24 Texaco Inc. Combined operation of a cryogenic air separation unit and an integrated gasifier combined cycle power generating system
CN1918444A (zh) * 2003-12-23 2007-02-21 液体空气乔治洛德方法利用和研究的具有监督和管理委员会的有限公司 低温空气分离过程及设备
CN101922352A (zh) * 2009-06-17 2010-12-22 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 一种利用液化天然气冷*的热力循环系统和流程

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3913880A1 (de) 1989-04-27 1990-10-31 Linde Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur tieftemperaturzerlegung von luft
DE19526785C1 (de) 1995-07-21 1997-02-20 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur variablen Erzeugung eines gasförmigen Druckprodukts
JP3737612B2 (ja) * 1997-08-12 2006-01-18 大陽日酸株式会社 低純度酸素の製造方法及び装置
US6508053B1 (en) 1999-04-09 2003-01-21 L'air Liquide-Societe Anonyme A'directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Integrated power generation system
US6295838B1 (en) * 2000-08-16 2001-10-02 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic air separation and gas turbine integration using heated nitrogen
US20070251267A1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-01 Bao Ha Cryogenic Air Separation Process
KR101541742B1 (ko) 2008-01-28 2015-08-04 린데 악티엔게젤샤프트 저온 공기 분리 방법 및 장치
CN102052256B (zh) * 2009-11-09 2013-12-18 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 超临界空气储能系统
FR2956478A1 (fr) * 2010-02-18 2011-08-19 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
DE102011113671A1 (de) 2011-09-20 2013-03-21 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
DE102012001606A1 (de) 2012-01-26 2013-08-01 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Luftzerlegung und Dampferzeugung in einem kombinierten System

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6134916A (en) * 1999-02-02 2000-10-24 Texaco Inc. Combined operation of a cryogenic air separation unit and an integrated gasifier combined cycle power generating system
CN1918444A (zh) * 2003-12-23 2007-02-21 液体空气乔治洛德方法利用和研究的具有监督和管理委员会的有限公司 低温空气分离过程及设备
CN101922352A (zh) * 2009-06-17 2010-12-22 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 一种利用液化天然气冷*的热力循环系统和流程

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2647934A1 (de) 2013-10-09
US20140033732A1 (en) 2014-02-06
US9458762B2 (en) 2016-10-04
CN103453731A (zh) 2013-12-18
DE102012006746A1 (de) 2013-10-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN109838975B (zh) 一种低能耗液氮制取装置及工艺
CN106489059B (zh) 以可变能耗低温分离空气的方法和设备
CN105473968B (zh) 用于以可变的能量消耗通过空气的低温分离产生氧的方法和装置
CN101571340B (zh) 利用液化天然气冷能的空气分离方法
CN102047057B (zh) 分离空气的方法和设备
CN101266095A (zh) 空气分离方法
CN108731379A (zh) 一种液体量可调且同时产多规格氧气产品的空分设备及生产方法
JPH11509615A (ja) 加圧製品ガスの可変生成方法及び装置
MXPA98000557A (es) Procedimiento y dispositivo para la produccion decantidades variables de un producto gaseosopresurizado
RU2531719C2 (ru) Способ и устройство для производства сжатого продукта
CN106369935B (zh) 一种利用高压天然气管网压力能的空气分离系统及方法
CN105378411B (zh) 生产至少一种空气产品的方法、空分设备、产生电能的方法和装置
CN103827613B (zh) 用于借助低温蒸馏生产加压气体的方法
CN105318663A (zh) 用于低温分离空气的方法和装置
TW201730493A (zh) 在空氣分離廠中獲取空氣產品之方法及空氣分離廠
CN103292576A (zh) 通过低温蒸馏分离空气的方法和设备
CN103453731B (zh) 用于产生电能的方法和装置
CN108351165A (zh) 用于向空气分离设备提供补充制冷的方法和系统
CN104185767B (zh) 用于产生两股净化的部分空气流的方法和设备
CN101509722A (zh) 蒸馏方法和设备
CN102072612B (zh) N型模式节能制气方法
CN105008836B (zh) 使用补充制冷循环的分离空气方法及系统
CN102506559A (zh) 多段精馏制取高纯氮气空分工艺
CN203824225U (zh) 一种可与接收站冷能供应相匹配的空分装置
CN115839600B (zh) 深冷空分装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20170322

Termination date: 20210401

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee