CN103444344B - A kind of beet mechanized harvest is automatically to row experimental provision and method of operating thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

An automatic parallel experiment device for sugar beet mechanized harvesting and its operation method, the driving sprocket shaft and the driven sprocket shaft are installed in parallel on the support horizontally, a sprocket is respectively installed at both ends of the sprocket shaft, and the driving and driven sprocket shafts are arranged in parallel Two transmission chains, the transmission chain is driven by the sprocket. Along the length direction of the transmission chain, a plurality of elongated slideways are arranged between the two transmission chains at even intervals and parallel to the sprocket shaft. The slideway is provided with a chute from one end to the other end, a slide block is loaded into the chute, a test rod is fixed on the slide block, and the test rod stretches out of the slideway from the notch. Along the length direction of the transmission chain, chain support plates are arranged at intervals below the horizontal section of the transmission chain. The automatic parallel experiment device for sugar beet mechanized harvesting designed by the present invention has a simple structure, can be used for simulating field experiments in indoor venues, and is convenient for the collection of experimental data; Data is difficult to collect and other issues.

Description

A kind of sugar beet mechanized harvesting automatic parallel experiment device and its operation method

technical field

The invention relates to an experimental device, in particular to a device for simulating field experiments of sugar beet mechanized harvesting.

Background technique

The sugar beet harvester is a kind of agricultural machinery for large-scale mechanized harvesting of sugar beet. The field experiment is one of the important experiments to test the performance parameters of the sugar beet harvester.

However, when carrying out field experiments on the sugar beet harvester, because the sugar beet harvester is bulky, it is necessary to drive the beet harvester to the test field when the weather environment is good for each field experiment, and then aim at different row spacing and different plant spacing. Experiments are carried out in the experimental field. During the experiment, the alignment between the sugar beet harvester and the experimental field below should be adjusted to avoid too large a deviation, and the operation is very cumbersome. In fact, most of the time in the field experiment is not spent on data collection, but on Spend on moving, adjusting the sugar beet harvester. As a result, problems such as high cost and inconvenient field tests have arisen, and are greatly affected by weather factors, which have long affected the efficiency of field experiments and the acquisition of experimental data for sugar beet harvesters.

At present, there is an urgent need in the industry for a field experiment simulation device for sugar beet harvesters that can simulate the field environment and minimize the impact of weather factors, site factors, etc. on the experiment of sugar beet harvesters, so as to ensure the acquisition and reliability of experimental data and improve field experiments. efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic parallel experimental device for sugar beet mechanized harvesting that can simulate the field environment and has a simple structure.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

An automatic parallel experiment device for mechanized harvesting of sugar beet, on the harvesting platform of the sugar beet harvester, the detection rod and the mounting bracket of the digging shovel are arranged in sequence,

The detection rod can swing left and right, and the detection rod is connected by the sensor to control the steering of the beet harvester, driving the digging shovel mounting bracket to swing accordingly,

It is characterized by:

The driving sprocket shaft and the driven sprocket shaft are respectively installed in parallel at the front and rear ends of the rectangular frame, and a sprocket is respectively installed on both sides of the driving sprocket shaft and the driven sprocket shaft, and the left and right transmission chains are respectively wound tightly around the driving sprocket shaft and On the sprocket at one end of the driven sprocket shaft, the transmission chain is driven to rotate by the sprocket;

A plurality of elongated slideway rods are evenly spaced between the two drive chains. The slideway rods are provided with a chute with a rectangular cross-section through hole from left to right, and a slot with an opening facing the outer contour surface of the revolution is provided on the chute. ;

On the cross section of the chute, the width of the notch is smaller than the width of the chute, forming the groove walls on both sides of the notch;

A test rod is arranged perpendicular to the slide rod. The test rod is a rod, and a slider is fixed at the root. A section on the slider is a threaded section. , tightened by nuts and clamped on the groove wall of the chute;

The test rods respectively arranged on all the slide rods form a test belt in the front and rear directions;

The chain support plate is arranged under the transmission chain, the chain support plate is supported under the roller of the transmission chain link, and the chain support plate is installed on the frame;

An elastic rod is respectively installed on each digging shovel mounting bracket. The two elastic rods are a pair of vertical rod segments at the upper end and oblique rod segments at the lower end. The vertical rod segments and the oblique rod segments are respectively painted with different colors. .

This device is used to simulate the field experiment of detecting whether the automatic alignment parameter setting of the sugar beet harvester is qualified. The so-called automatic alignment refers to when the detection rod of the sugar beet harvester detects that the sugar beet planted in the field deviates from the center line of the sugar beet planting row At this time, the beet harvester can turn to the deviated beet root in time to compensate for this part of the deviation, so that the digging shovel arranged behind the detection rod will be deflected accordingly, so that the beet can be harvested normally without "missing" or "digging" the beet.

Beets are planted in a single row in the field, and the row spacing between two adjacent rows of beets is relatively large. The beet harvester generally harvests beets row by row. Therefore, when harvesting beets, the distance between adjacent beets in each row of beets, the distance of a single beet from the center line of the row, and the speed of movement of the beet harvester will all affect whether the beet harvester can harvest normally. beet. The experimental principle of this device is to first simulate a row of sugar beets with different distances from the center line of the row, divide the row of simulated sugar beets into several sections, the distance between adjacent beets in each section is the same, and the distance between beets in different sections is different, and then Simulate the fixed moving speed of the sugar beet harvester to detect whether the automatic alignment of the sugar beet harvester is qualified under different plant spacing conditions. If it is unqualified, adjust the relevant parameters of the automatic alignment until it is qualified, and then change the movement of the sugar beet harvester Speed, check whether the automatic alignment of the beet harvester is qualified when the beet deviates from the center line of the row at different distances under different plant spacings, and adjust it until it is qualified if it is unqualified.

The device uses the test rod to simulate the edge of the beet root. In order to avoid the rigid collision between the digging shovel and the test rod during the experiment, an elastic rod is used instead of the digging shovel. The distance between the two elastic rods corresponds to the width of the digging shovel.

Adjust the test bar to move along the slide bar, which can be used to simulate the distance that the beet root deviates from the center line of the row (that is, the center line of the sugar beet harvester or the center line of the experimental device); by installing the test bar on the adjacent slide bar or several slide bars To simulate different beet planting distances; during the experiment, the length direction of the drive chain of the device is placed under the beet harvester along the direction of travel of the beet harvester, the beet harvester is stationary, and the speed of the sprocket is adjusted by the frequency conversion motor. Drive the test bar on the slide bar to move at different speeds, so as to simulate the different advance speeds of the harvester during actual field harvesting.

Further, considering the actual planting conditions of sugar beets in the field, the distance between the centerlines of adjacent slide rails is 15-30mm, and the length of the slide rails is 0.3-0.8m.

Furthermore, the slide bar is installed on the transmission chain through the transmission chain attachment plate. The transmission chain attachment plate is a 90° bent straight plate whose plate surface is parallel to the transmission chain. On the chain link, the horizontal plate surface is exposed to the horizontal section outside the outer contour surface of the transmission chain, and the slide bar installed on the horizontal plate surface is located outside the outer contour surface of the transmission chain. The attachment plate of the transmission chain is set between the two chain links, which can ensure the stable support of the transmission chain. The slideway is located outside the outer contour surface of the transmission chain when it rotates, which is convenient for taking and placing the sliders from both ends of the slideway. It is used to simulate different plant distance.

Still further, the drive sprocket shaft is driven by a variable frequency motor through a pulley. The speed of the variable frequency motor is adjusted by the frequency converter to adjust the movement speed of the transmission chain, thereby driving the test rod to move at different speeds, so as to simulate the different forward speeds of the harvester during actual harvesting.

Still further, the slideway rod is a rectangular tube, one surface of the rectangular tube is provided with elongated through holes along the length direction to form the notch of the chute, and the inner cavity of the rectangular tube forms the cavity of the chute.

Further, the slide block is a rectangular block or a hexagonal block, and its upper surface is provided with a threaded hole, and the test rod is screwed into the threaded hole. The length of the diagonal is greater than the width of the chute cavity. The size selection of the slider is to prevent the test rod from driving the slider to rotate when the nut is loosened or tightened, and the second is to increase the contact area between the test rod and the slideway to prevent the test rod from shaking during the experiment.

Still further, the chain support plate includes a vertically arranged rectangular bottom plate and two pairs of right-angle support plates fixed on both ends of the bottom plate, each pair of support plates is symmetrically arranged up and down, the horizontal end of the support plate is fixed on the bottom plate, and the two vertical ends are The two are facing each other and there is a gap, and the rollers of the chain link of the transmission chain are supported in the gap, and the axial direction of the rollers is perpendicular to the vertical end plate surface of the support plate.

A method for operating the above-mentioned automatic parallel test device of the sugar beet harvester, characterized in that:

In the first step, the sugar beet harvester is parked above the experimental device and ensured that:

A. The centerline of the sugar beet harvester and the experimental device are consistent;

B. The upper end of the test rod of the experimental device is higher than the lower end of the detection rod, lower than the upper end of the detection rod, and the upper end of the test rod is higher than the colored section of the elastic rod, and lower than the upper end of the elastic rod;

In the second step, the transmission chain is divided into one or several sections along the length direction, and the test rod is arranged on the slide rod. The distance between the adjacent rods of the test rods in each transmission chain is the same. The distance between them is different, and the test rods are staggeredly distributed on both sides of the center line of the sugar beet harvester to form a test zone, and the width of the test zone corresponds to the distribution width of the sugar beet to be tested;

The same distance between adjacent rods of the test rods means that the number of slideway rods between two adjacent test rods is the same;

The different distances between different transmission chains refer to the different numbers of slideway rods between two adjacent test rods in each transmission chain, which are 0, 1, 2, 3, ...;

The third step is to start the driving sprocket shaft at the set speed, and the transmission chain drives the slide bar to rotate,

A. During the test, if a test rod touches the detection rod on one side, the detection rod swings to this side, so that the test rod is located between the two detection rods after the swing and does not contact the detection rod. The sensor connection controls the elasticity The rod swings accordingly, and the test rod passes through the elastic rod:

a. If the test rod is not dyed, it means that the automatic alignment parameter setting of the sugar beet harvester is qualified under a certain spacing, and no adjustment is required;

b. If the test rod touches the inclined rod section of the elastic rod and is stained with the color of the vertical rod section, it means that the automatic alignment parameter setting of the sugar beet harvester is unqualified at a certain distance and should be adjusted;

B. During the test, if a test rod does not touch any detection rod, there are two situations:

a. The test rod is located between the two detection rods, and the test rod does not need to be adjusted;

b. The test rod is located outside the two detection rods, and the test rod touches the oblique rod section of the elastic rod, and is stained with the color of the oblique rod section, indicating that the position of the test rod is too far from the center line of the sugar beet harvester, and no adjustment is made;

The fourth step is to change the output speed of the driving sprocket shaft, and then repeat the above second to third steps.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1, the sugar beet mechanization harvesting of the present invention designs automatic row-to-row experiment device can simulate different beet plant spacing, different single beet deviates from row centerline distance and the moving speed of different beet harvesters, can be used for simulating field experiment in indoor field, simultaneously Facilitate the collection of experimental data;

2. It can reduce the problems of high experimental cost, easy to be affected by weather, and difficult collection of experimental data caused by actual field experiments.

3. The structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the experiment efficiency is high, which is very conducive to popularization.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front schematic diagram of the present invention

Figure 2 is a top view of Figure 1

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation position of the device and the sugar beet harvester

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slideway

Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the ellipse circle in Figure 1

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the chain support plate

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the matching position of the chain support plate and the chain

Fig. 8 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cooperation position between the sugar beet harvester and the device

Figure 9 is a front view diagram of the cooperation of the detection rod, the elastic rod and the test rod

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the swing action of the detection rod to detect the beet root

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the shape of the elastic rod

In Figures 1 to 11: 1 is the bracket, 2 is the driving sprocket shaft, 3 is the sprocket, 4 is the transmission chain, 5 is the slide bar, 501 is the chute, 502 is the notch, 503 is the groove wall, and 6 is the slide 7 is a test rod, 8 is a nut, 9 is a chain support plate, 10 is a transmission chain attachment plate, 11 is a beet harvester, 12 is a driven wheel shaft, 13 is a detection rod, 14 is an elastic rod, and 15 is a digging shovel Mounting bracket, 16 is digging shovel.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

In Fig. 7, on the harvesting table of the sugar beet harvester, the detection rod 13 and the digging shovel mounting bracket 15 are arranged successively before and after, the detection rod 13 can swing left and right, and the detection rod 13 is connected by a sensor to control the steering of the sugar beet harvester, driving the digging shovel The mounting bracket 15 swings accordingly.

As shown in Figures 1-2, the driving sprocket shaft 2 and the driven sprocket shaft 12 are respectively installed in parallel at the front and rear ends of the rectangular frame 1, and a sprocket 3 is respectively installed on both sides of the driving sprocket shaft 2 and the driven sprocket shaft 12. , two transmission chains 4 on the left and right are respectively tightly wound on the sprocket wheel 3 at one end of the driving sprocket shaft 2 and the driven sprocket shaft 12. The transmission chain 4 is driven to rotate by the sprocket wheel 3, and the driving sprocket shaft 2 is driven by the frequency conversion motor through the belt pulley.

A plurality of elongated slideway rods 5 are evenly spaced between the two transmission chains 4. The slideway rods 5 are provided with chute 501 with a rectangular cross-section through hole from left to right, and openings are opened on the chute 501 towards the outside of the rotation. The notch 502 on the profile surface; the distance between the centerlines of adjacent slideway rods 5 is 15-30mm, and the length of the slideway rods 5 is 0.3-0.8m.

As shown in Figure 6, the slide bar 5 is installed on the transmission chain 4 through the transmission chain attachment plate 10. The transmission chain attachment plate 10 is a 90° bent straight plate whose plate surface is parallel to the transmission chain 4. The vertical plate surface spans It is arranged on two adjacent chain links of the transmission chain 4, and its horizontal plate surface is exposed to the horizontal section outside the outer contour surface of the transmission chain 4. The slide bar 5 installed on the horizontal plate surface is located outside the rotation of the transmission chain 4. The outside of the profile face.

The slide bar 5 is a rectangular tube, and one surface of the rectangular tube is provided with elongated through holes along the length direction to form the notch 502 of the chute 501, and the cavity of the rectangular tube forms the cavity of the chute 501. On the cross section of the chute 501 , the width of the notch 502 is smaller than the width of the chute 501 , forming groove walls 503 on both sides of the notch 502 , as shown in FIG. 4 .

A test bar 7 is arranged perpendicular to the slide bar 5, the test bar 7 is a rod, and a slide block 6 is fixed at the root, and a section on the slide block 6 is a threaded section, and the slide block 6 is embedded in the chute 501 of the slide bar 5 Inside, the rod protrudes from the notch 502, and is tightened by the nut 8 and clamped on the groove wall 503 of the chute 501; the slider 6 is a rectangular block or a hexagonal block, and its upper surface is provided with a threaded hole, and the test rod 7 is tightened. In the threaded hole, the minimum side length of the slider 6 is less than or equal to the cavity width of the chute 501 and greater than the width of the notch 502, and the diagonal length of the slider 6 is greater than the cavity width of the chute 501, as shown in FIG. 5 .

The test rods 7 configured respectively on all the slideway rods 5 form a test strip in the front and rear direction;

The chain support plate 9 is arranged below the transmission chain 4, the chain support plate 9 is held under the rollers of the transmission chain 4 chain links, and the chain support plate 9 is installed on the frame 1; the chain support plate 9 includes a vertically arranged rectangular bottom plate And two pairs of right-angle support plates fixed on both ends of the bottom plate, each pair of support plate and bottom are symmetrically arranged, the horizontal end of the support plate is fixed on the bottom plate, and the vertical ends are opposite to each other with a gap left. The rolling of the 4 links of the transmission chain The sub-support is held in the gap, and the axial direction of the roller is perpendicular to the vertical end plate surface of the support plate, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.

An elastic bar 14 is respectively installed on each excavating shovel mounting bracket 15, and two elastic bars 14 are a pair of upper ends that are vertical bar sections, and the lower ends are composed of oblique bar sections that are obliquely upward to the two outsides respectively. Paint different colors, as shown in Figure 11; the distance between the two elastic rods 14 corresponds to the width of the digging shovel 16, in order to avoid the rigid collision between the digging shovel and the test rod during the experiment, the elastic rod 14 will be used instead of the digging shovel 16 in the experiment , The position of the excavating shovel 16 is shown in Figure 8, and the matching positions of the elastic rod 14, the detection rod 13 and the test rod 7 are shown in Figure 9.

A method for operating the above-mentioned automatic parallel test device of the sugar beet harvester:

In the first step, the sugar beet harvester is parked above the experimental device and ensured that:

A. The centerline of the sugar beet harvester and the experimental device are consistent;

B. the test rod 7 upper end of experimental device is higher than the probe rod 13 lower end, lower than the probe rod 13 upper end, and the test rod 7 upper end is higher than the elastic rod 14 painted section, lower than the elastic rod 14 upper end;

In the second step, the transmission chain 4 is divided into one or several sections along the length direction, and the test bar 7 is arranged on the slide bar 5. The distance between the adjacent bars of the test bar 7 in each section of the transmission chain 4 is the same. If it is divided into multiple sections, Then the spacing between the different sections of the drive chain 4 is different, and the test bars 7 are distributed in a staggered manner on both sides of the center line of the sugar beet harvester to form a test belt, and the width of the test belt is corresponding to the sugar beet distribution width to be set and tested;

The same distance between the adjacent rods of the test rods 7 means that the number of slideway rods 5 between adjacent two test rods 7 is the same;

The difference in the distance between the different transmission chains 4 means that the number of slide bars 5 between two adjacent test rods 7 in each transmission chain 4 is different, which are 0, 1, 2, 3, ...;

The third step is to start the driving sprocket shaft 2 at the set speed, and the transmission chain 4 drives the slide bar 5 to rotate,

A. During the test, if a test rod 7 touches the detection rod 13 on a certain side, it means that the distance of the test rod 7 from the center line of the row is too large, and the detection rod 13 swings to this side, so that the test rod 7 is located after the swing. Between the two detection rods 13 and not in contact with the detection rods 13, the sensor is connected to control the corresponding swing of the elastic rod 14, and the test rod 7 passes through the elastic rod 14:

a. If the test rod 7 is not dyed, it means that the test rod 7 at this position is "normally taken", indicating that the automatic alignment parameter setting of the sugar beet harvester is qualified at a certain distance, and no adjustment is required;

b. If the test bar 7 touches the vertical bar section of the elastic bar 14 and is stained with the color of the vertical bar section, it means that the test bar 7 at this position is "digged", indicating that the sugar beet harvester is under a certain distance. If the parameter setting of the automatic alignment line is unqualified, it should be adjusted;

B. During the test, if a test rod 7 does not touch any detection rod 13, there are two situations:

a. The test rod 7 is located between the two detection rods 13, which means that the distance between the test rod 7 and the row center line is not large, and the test rod 7 does not need to be adjusted;

B. test rod 7 is positioned at outside two detection rods 13, and test rod 7 touches the oblique rod section of elastic rod 14, and dyes the coloring of oblique rod section, illustrates that the test rod 7 position deviates from the center line of sugar beet harvester too much, It means that the test rod 7 at this position is "missed" and will not be adjusted;

The fourth step is to change the output rotational speed of the driving sprocket shaft 2, and then repeat the above-mentioned second to third steps.

The automatic alignment of the sugar beet harvester means that during the working process of the sugar beet harvester, if the beet root is in contact with the detection rod 13 on one side, the detection rod will swing towards this side, so that the beet root can be moved from the two sides after the swing. Pass between the two detection rods 13, and by controlling the steering of the sugar beet harvester, the digging shovel 16 arranged behind the detection rods will swing correspondingly, so that the digging shovel 16 can harvest sugar beets normally without "missing" or "digging" the sugar beet . The swing action of the detection rod 13 is shown in FIG. 10 .

The experimental principle of this device is to first simulate a row of sugar beets with different distances from the center line of the row, divide the row of simulated sugar beets into several sections, the distance between adjacent beets in each section is the same, and the distance between beets in different sections is different, and then Simulate the fixed moving speed of the sugar beet harvester to detect whether the automatic alignment of the sugar beet harvester is qualified under different plant spacing conditions. If it is unqualified, adjust the relevant parameters of the automatic alignment until it is qualified, and then change the movement of the sugar beet harvester Speed, check whether the automatic alignment of the beet harvester is qualified when the beet deviates from the center line of the row at different distances under different plant spacings, and adjust it until it is qualified if it is unqualified.

The device utilizes the test bar 7 to simulate the edge of the beet root, and the test bar 7 is adjusted to move along the slide bar, which can be used to simulate the distance that the beet root deviates from the center line of the row (that is, the center line of the beet harvester or the center line of the experimental device); Adjacent to the slideway bar 5 or several slideway bars 5 are installed with the test bar 7 to simulate different beet planting distances; during the experiment, the drive chain length direction of the device is placed under the beet harvester along the direction of travel of the beet harvester , the sugar beet harvester is stationary, the rotating speed of the sprocket is adjusted by the frequency conversion motor, and the test bar 7 on the slide bar 5 is driven to move at different speeds, so as to simulate the different forward speeds of the harvester when harvesting in the actual field.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of sugar beet mechanized harvesting automatic opposite row experiment device, on the harvesting platform of described sugar beet harvester, probing rod (13) and excavating shovel installation support (15) are configured successively front and back, The detection rod (13) can swing left and right, and the detection rod (13) is connected by a sensor to control the steering of the sugar beet harvester, driving the digging shovel mounting bracket (15) to swing accordingly, It is characterized by: The driving sprocket shaft (2) and the driven sprocket shaft (12) are respectively installed in parallel at the front and rear ends of the rectangular frame (1), and a chain is respectively installed on both sides of the driving sprocket shaft (2) and the driven sprocket shaft (12). wheel (3), the two drive chains (4) on the left and right are respectively tightly wound on the sprocket wheel (3) at one end of the driving sprocket shaft (2) and the driven sprocket shaft (12), and the drive chain (4) is driven by the sprocket wheel (3) ) drives the rotation; A plurality of elongated slide rails (5) are evenly spaced between the two transmission chains (4), and the slide rails (5) offer a chute (501) with a rectangular cross-section through hole from left to right. The groove (501) is provided with a notch (502) with an opening facing the outer contour surface of the revolution; On the cross section of the chute (501), the width of the notch (502) is smaller than the width of the chute (501), forming the groove walls (503) on both sides of the notch (502); The test rod (7) is configured perpendicular to the slideway rod (5), and the test rod (7) is a rod, and a slide block (6) is fixed at the root, and a section on the slide block (6) is a threaded section, and the slide block (6) Embed in the chute (501) of the chute rod (5), the rod protrudes from the notch (502), tightened by the nut (8), and clamped on the groove wall (503) of the chute (501) superior; The test rods (7) respectively configured on all the slideway rods (5) form a test belt in the front and rear directions; Arrange the chain support plate (9) under the transmission chain (4), the chain support plate (9) is held under the roller of the chain link of the transmission chain (4), and the chain support plate (9) is installed on the frame (1) ; An elastic bar (14) is respectively installed on each excavating shovel mounting bracket (15), and two elastic bars (14) are a pair of upper ends that are vertical bar sections, and the lower ends are composed of oblique bar sections that are inclined upward to the two outer sides respectively. Segments and slant segments are painted in different colors. 2. The automatic parallel experiment device for sugar beet mechanized harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the interval between the centerlines of the adjacent slide bars (5) is 15-30mm, and the length of the slide bars (5) It is 0.3~0.8m. 3. sugar beet mechanization harvesting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: slideway bar (5) is installed on the transmission chain (4) by transmission chain attached plate (10), and transmission chain attached plate ( 10) It is a 90° bent straight plate arranged parallel to the drive chain (4), its vertical plate straddles two adjacent chain links of the drive chain (4), and its horizontal plate surface is exposed to the drive chain (4) The horizontal section outside the rotary outer profile surface is composed, and the slide bar (5) installed on the horizontal plate surface is located at the outside of the transmission chain (4) rotary outer profile surface. 4. The automatic parallel experiment device for sugar beet mechanized harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drive sprocket shaft (2) is driven by a frequency conversion motor through a pulley. 5. sugar beet mechanized harvesting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described slideway bar (5) is a rectangular tube, and a long strip shape is opened along the length direction on a surface of the rectangular tube. The through hole forms the notch (502) of the chute (501), and the cavity of the rectangular tube forms the cavity of the chute (501). 6. The automatic parallel experiment device for sugar beet mechanized harvesting according to claim 5, characterized in that: the slide block (6) is a rectangular block or a hexagonal block, and its upper surface offers threaded holes, and the test rod (7) is tightened into the threaded hole, the minimum side length of the slide block (6) is less than or equal to the width of the chute (501) cavity, greater than the width of the notch (502), and the diagonal length of the slide block (6) is greater than the width of the chute (501) cavity width. 7. The automatic parallel experiment device for sugar beet mechanized harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: said chain support plate (9) comprises a vertically arranged rectangular base plate and two pairs of right-angled support plates fixed on the two ends of the base plate, each The support plate and the bottom are symmetrically arranged, the horizontal end of the support plate is fixed on the bottom plate, and the vertical ends are opposite to each other with a gap left. The rollers of the transmission chain (4) links are supported in the gap, and the shafts of the rollers perpendicular to the vertical end plate surface of the support plate. 8. A method for operating the sugar beet mechanized harvesting automatic pairing experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first step, the sugar beet harvester is parked above the experimental device and ensured that: A. The centerline of the sugar beet harvester and the experimental device are consistent; B. The upper end of the test bar (7) of the experimental device is higher than the lower end of the probe bar (13), lower than the upper end of the probe bar (13), the upper end of the test bar (7) is higher than the elastic bar (14) painted section, and lower than the elastic bar (14) upper end; In the second step, the transmission chain (4) is divided into one or several sections along the length direction, and the test rod (7) is arranged on the slide bar (5), and the test rods (7) in each transmission chain (4) are aligned with each other. The distance between adjacent poles is the same, if it is divided into multiple sections, the distance between different transmission chains (4) is different, and the test poles (7) are staggeredly distributed on both sides of the center line of the sugar beet harvester to form a test belt. The width of the test belt is the same as the proposed design. corresponding to the beet distribution width of the given test; The same distance between adjacent rods of the test rods (7) means that the number of slideway rods (5) between adjacent two test rods (7) is the same; The different spacing between the different transmission chains (4) means that the number of slideway bars (5) between two adjacent test rods (7) in each transmission chain (4) is different, which are 0, 1 respectively. ,2,3,…; The third step is to start the driving sprocket shaft (2) at the set speed, and the transmission chain (4) drives the slide bar (5) to rotate, A. During the test, a certain test rod (7) touches the detection rod (13) on a certain side, and the detection rod (13) swings to this side, so that the test rod (7) is located between the two detection rods ( 13) and not in contact with the detection rod (13), the sensor is connected to control the corresponding swing of the elastic rod (14), and the test rod (7) passes through the elastic rod (14): a. If the test rod (7) is not dyed, it means that the automatic alignment parameter setting of the sugar beet harvester is qualified under a certain distance, and no adjustment is required; b. If the test rod (7) touches the vertical bar section of the elastic bar (14) and is stained with the coloring of the vertical bar section, it means that the automatic alignment parameter setting of the sugar beet harvester is unqualified under a certain spacing, should be adjusted; B. During the test, if a certain test rod (7) does not touch any detection rod (13), then there are two situations: a. The test rod (7) is located between the two detection rods (13), and the test rod (7) does not need to be adjusted; b. The test rod (7) is located outside the two detection rods (13), and the test rod (7) touches the oblique rod section of the elastic rod (14), and is stained with the coloring of the oblique rod section, indicating that the test rod (7) The position is too far from the centerline of the sugar beet harvester and will not be adjusted. 9. The method for operating the automatic parallel experiment device for beet mechanized harvesting according to claim 8, characterized in that: the fourth step is to change the output speed of the drive sprocket shaft (2), and then repeat the second to third steps step.