CN103430660A - Method for seed germination and seedling culture of tutcheria microcarpa - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for seed germination and seedling raising of Lithocarpus chinensis. The method includes the following steps: (1) Collect fresh and ripe fruits, wrap the fruits with wet paper towels with a relative humidity of 70-90%, put them in an airtight container for post-ripening treatment under indoor dark conditions, then shell them to obtain seeds, and use Soak the seeds in a potassium permanganate solution with a mass fraction of 0.1-0.3%, and dry them in the shade for later use; (2) Spray the substrate with a 2,000- to 3,000-fold diluted Dixon solution, let it sit for 3 days, and pour water thoroughly on the 4th day. Then sprinkle the soaked seeds in the matrix, cover the matrix with a layer of shading net, and water or spray moisture every day; the composition and mass ratio of the matrix are: ceramsite: perlite: vermiculite: river sand : Peat soil=1:2:2:2:4; the germination temperature of seeds is 10～29℃. The invention improves the seedling emergence rate of the lithophyllum seeds through post-ripening treatment and breaking dormancy, solves the problem of seedling raising required by artificial cultivation, and can carry out artificial cultivation and breeding by sowing.

Description

A kind of method for the seed germination and seedling raising of Lithia chinensis

Technical field:

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant propagation, and in particular relates to a method for seed germination and seedling cultivation of katydidia.

Background technique:

Tutcheria microcarpa Dunn is an evergreen tree of the genus Tutcheria Dunn in the Theaceae family Theaceae, distributed in Hainan, Fujian, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Yunnan and other places in mainland China. 5-17 meters high. Its plant shape is beautiful, the leaves are bright, the leaf shape and size, and the size of flowers vary greatly, and the fruit grows densely on the branches. It is a new and excellent woody flower plant that can be used in courtyards, residential areas, squares, and parks. Or street greening, its fellow plant T.spectabilis Dunn has a strong ability to resist pollution (fluoride, sulfide and acid rain). Lithocarpus is also a potential bioenergy plant, and the oil content of the seeds of the same genus Lithocarpus is as high as 59.2%.

As an excellent native woody flower plant and bio-energy plant, Lithocarpus chinensis has been gradually promoted in the market, but according to investigations, the seed germination rate of this species is not high, and it is difficult to satisfy production and market requirements by mining wild resources. Therefore, it is urgently needed to find a breeding method for artificial cultivation. There is not yet the prior art about the seed propagation technology of the sycamore arachnid at present.

Invention content:

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for seed germination and seedling cultivation of Lithocarpus chinensis with convenient materials, simple technology and easy popularization.

The invention improves the seedling emergence rate of the lithobranchus seeds through post-ripening treatment and breaking dormancy, and achieves the purpose of artificial cultivation, mass propagation and seedling raising.

The method for germination and seedling cultivation of Lithocarpus chinensis of the present invention may further comprise the steps:

(1) Collect fresh and ripe fruits, wrap the fruits with wet paper towels, put them in an airtight container and post-ripen them under indoor dark conditions, then shell them to obtain seeds, and use potassium permanganate with a mass fraction of 0.1-0.3% Soak the seeds in the solution and dry in the shade for later use;

(2) Spray the substrate with dimethonium solution diluted 2000-3000 times, let it stand for 3 days, pour clear water thoroughly on the 4th day, then sprinkle the soaked seeds in the substrate, cover the substrate with a layer of shading net, Carry out watering or spray moisturizing every day; Described matrix, its composition and mass ratio are: ceramsite: perlite: vermiculite: river sand: peat soil=1:2:2:2:4; The germination temperature of seed is 10-29°C.

The fresh ripe fruit described in step (1) is preferably collected in October; the wet paper towel is preferably a wet paper towel with a relative humidity of 70-90%, and the post-ripening treatment is preferably 4-5 days; The soaked seeds are preferably soaked for 2 hours.

The covering layer of shading net mentioned in step (2) is preferably covered with a shading net with a shading rate of 90% at 1.8 to 2 meters above the substrate.

Preferably, in the process of seed germination and seedling raising, a small amount of organic fertilizer or leaf humus is applied appropriately, which is beneficial to the growth of plants.

Preferably, after the plant grows into a seedling and tends to be stable, the shading net is partially opened to increase light, which is beneficial for the plant to receive more sunlight.

The method of the present invention can be used to germinate and grow seedlings of the sycamore in the greenhouse of the planting base; or choose a place where the soil is fertile, loose, and has good drainage conditions. There must be a shade shed in the nursery for planting small fruit stone pen wood, and the height of the shade shed is 1.8 to 2 meters.

During the storage period of the seeds of Lithia chinensis, the seeds have undergone a series of complex physiological and biochemical changes, such as further reduction of water, further reduction of various enzyme activities, weakening of respiration, and the protoplast colloid is in a gelled state, which promotes the growth of seeds. Dormant state, so that the seeds complete the post-ripening effect. The germination rate of the treated seeds was about 20% higher than that of the untreated seeds. The germination rate of the seeds is closely related to the water holding capacity of the seeds. Experimental observations show that the germination rate after sowing at room temperature and ventilation without post-ripening treatment is low, and the seeds without after-ripening treatment but placed in the sun after sowing are not germination. Soak the seeds with a potassium permanganate solution with a mass fraction of 0.1-0.3%, and spray the substrate with a 2000-3000-fold diluted solution of dexon, which can have the function of sterilization and reduce the small fruit caused by external factors. Potential for seeds to fail to germinate. Seeds are propagules of plants, and they usually have a certain period of dormancy. How to break dormancy depends on the needs of different seeds for germination. There is a certain amount of dormancy in the seeds of Lithocarpus chinensis, which can be completely broken by combining light and suitable growth substrate treatment, and the seed emergence rate can reach more than 90%. The substrate made of ceramsite, perlite, vermiculite, river sand, and peat soil can create a loose and transparent habitat for the small fruit stone pen tree, which is convenient for receiving light, absorbing water and nutrients.

The present invention is based on understanding the physiological characteristics of Pennia chinensis seeds, through after-ripening treatment and breaking dormancy, the emergence rate of Pennia sylvestris seeds is improved, and the problem of seedling cultivation required by artificial cultivation is solved, so that it can Carry out artificial cultivation and breeding by sowing, basically meet the needs of commercial production, and realize artificial cultivation.

Detailed ways:

The following examples are to further illustrate the present invention, rather than limit the present invention.

Example 1:

Collect fresh and ripe fruits in mid-October, wrap the fruits with wet paper towels with a relative humidity of 70%, put them in an airtight container, and carry out post-ripening treatment for 4 days under indoor dark conditions, then shell them to obtain seeds, and use a mass fraction of Soak the seeds in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 2 hours, and dry them in the shade for later use. Spray the matrix with 2000-fold diluted Dixon solution, let it stand for 3 days, pour clear water thoroughly on the 4th day, then count the seeds by quartering, sprinkle the soaked seeds in the matrix, and cover 1.8 meters above the matrix with a layer of water. A shading net with a layer shading rate of 90% is watered or sprayed to moisturize every day; the matrix, its composition and mass ratio are: ceramsite: perlite: vermiculite: river sand: peat soil = 1:2:2 :2:4; the germination temperature of the seeds is 10-29°C.

Germination began after 50 days, and the emergence rate reached 90% after 4 months. Basically meet the needs of raw materials for commercial planting and production. In the process of seed germination and seedling raising, apply a small amount of organic fertilizer appropriately. After the plants grow well, the shade net can be partially opened to help the plants receive more light.

Example 2:

Collect fresh and ripe fruits in mid-October, wrap the fruits in a wet paper towel with a relative humidity of 90%, put them in an airtight container, and carry out post-ripening treatment for 5 days under indoor dark conditions, then shell them to obtain seeds, and use a mass fraction of 0.3 % potassium permanganate solution to soak the seeds for 2 hours and dry in the shade for later use. Spray the matrix with 3,000-fold diluted Dixon solution, let it stand for 3 days, pour clear water thoroughly on the 4th day, then count the seeds by quartering, sprinkle the soaked seeds in the matrix, and cover a layer 2 meters above the matrix. A shading net with a layer shading rate of 90% is watered or sprayed to moisturize every day; the matrix, its composition and mass ratio are: ceramsite: perlite: vermiculite: river sand: peat soil = 1:2:2 :2:4; the germination temperature of the seeds is 10-29°C.

Germination began after 45 days, and the emergence rate reached 91% after 4 months. Basically meet the needs of raw materials for commercial planting and production. In the process of seed germination and seedling raising, apply a small amount of organic fertilizer appropriately. After the plants grow well, the shade net can be partially opened to help the plants receive more light.

Example 3:

Collect fresh and ripe fruits in mid-October, put the fruits under room temperature and ventilation without post-ripening treatment, then shell them to get seeds, soak the seeds in 0.2% potassium permanganate solution for 2 hours, dry in the shade and sow on the treated substrate. Three days before picking the fruit, spray the substrate with 2500-fold diluted Dixon solution, pour clear water thoroughly on the fourth day, then count the seeds by quartering, sprinkle the soaked seeds in the substrate, 2 meters above the substrate Cover with a shading net with a shading rate of 90%, and water or spray to moisturize every day; the composition and mass ratio of the substrate is: ceramsite: perlite: vermiculite: river sand: peat soil = 1:2 :2:2:4; the germination temperature of seeds is 10～29℃.

Germination began after 40 days, and the emergence rate reached 70% after 4 months.

Example 4:

Collect fresh and ripe fruits in mid-October, put the fruits under room temperature and ventilation without post-ripening treatment, then shell them to obtain seeds, soak the seeds in 0.2% potassium permanganate solution for 2 hours, and dry them in the shade. Sow on the treated substrate the next day. Two days before picking the fruit, spray the substrate with 2,500-fold diluted Dixon solution, pour clear water thoroughly on the fourth day, then count the seeds by quartering, and sprinkle the soaked seeds in the substrate, 2 meters above the substrate Cover with a shading net with a shading rate of 90%, and water or spray to moisturize every day; the composition and mass ratio of the substrate is: ceramsite: perlite: vermiculite: river sand: peat soil = 1:2 :2:2:4; the germination temperature of seeds is 10～29℃.

Germination began after 35 days, and the emergence rate reached 70% after 4 months.

As can be seen from the above 4 examples, the emergence rate of the seeds treated after post-ripening is about 20% higher than that of seeds without post-ripening post-ripening treatment.

Claims (5)

1. a method for seed germination and seedling cultivation of Lithocarpus chinensis, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: (1) Collect fresh and ripe fruits, wrap the fruits with wet paper towels, put them in an airtight container for post-ripening treatment under indoor dark conditions, then shell them to obtain seeds, and use permanganate with a mass fraction of 0.1-0.3% Potassium solution to soak the seeds, dry in the shade for later use; (2) Spray the substrate with dimethonium solution diluted 2000-3000 times, let it stand for 3 days, pour clear water thoroughly on the 4th day, then sprinkle the soaked seeds in the substrate, cover the substrate with a layer of shading net, Carry out watering or spray moisturizing every day; Described matrix, its composition and mass ratio are: ceramsite: perlite: vermiculite: river sand: peat soil=1:2:2:2:4; The germination temperature of seed is 10-29°C. 2. the method for seed germination and seedling cultivation of Lithocarpus chinensis according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fresh ripe fruit, collection time is October; Described wet paper towel is that relative humidity is 70～90 % of wet paper towels, the post-ripening treatment, the treatment time is 4 to 5 days; the soaking seeds, the soaking time is 2 hours. 3. the method for seed germination and seedling cultivation of Lithocarpus chinensis according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cover one deck shading net, is to cover the shading rate of 90% at 1.8～2 meters above the matrix. Shading net. 4. The method for seed germination and seedling raising of Lithocarpus chinensis according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, in the process of seed germination and seedling raising, organic fertilizer or leaf humus is applied. 5. according to the method for seed germination and seedling raising of Lithocarpus chinensis according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, after the plant grows into a seedling and stabilizes, the shading net is partially opened to increase the light.