CN103424607A - Optical current sensor and high-frequency signal measurement system - Google Patents
Optical current sensor and high-frequency signal measurement system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103424607A CN103424607A CN2013103194339A CN201310319433A CN103424607A CN 103424607 A CN103424607 A CN 103424607A CN 2013103194339 A CN2013103194339 A CN 2013103194339A CN 201310319433 A CN201310319433 A CN 201310319433A CN 103424607 A CN103424607 A CN 103424607A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical current sensor and a high-frequency signal measurement system. The optical current sensor comprises an optical sensing part, a polarization maintaining fiber, an insulator and a demodulation module. The optical sensing part, the polarization maintaining fiber and the demodulation module are connected in sequence. The optical sensing part is supported by the insulator. The polarization maintaining fiber locates in an inner cavity of the insulator. The optical sensing part comprises a first sensing fiber ring, a second sensing fiber ring, a first wave plate, a first reflector, a second wave plate, a second reflector and a support, wherein the first wave plate, the first reflector, the second wave plate, the second reflector and the support are all made of nonmetal material. The first sensing fiber ring and the second sensing fiber ring are opposite in current direction. The demodulation module outputs two linearly-polarized beams passing the polarization maintaining fiber and the optical sensing part, the linearly-polarized beams carrying measured current information are returned and received by the polarization maintaining fiber, the beams are operated on the basis of differential induction, and measured current is obtained. The optical current sensor is capable of measuring high-frequency signals, and measurement is higher in accuracy and reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrical equipment technical field, particularly a kind of optical current sensor and adopt the high frequency testing system of this optical current sensor.
Background technology
Current sensor is the visual plant of relay protection and electric energy metrical in electric system, is used for measuring the size of current in transmission, and the size of current measured is sent to surveying instrument and protective relaying device.Safety, the stable operation of its long-time stability, reliability, security and electric system are closely related.In electric system, use at present more current sensor mainly to be based on electromagnetic induction principle, meeting is mutual inductive energy from primary current, traditional current sensor based on this kind of principle is in the situation that in low frequency situation (as 50Hz) and when not too large can also the satisfying the demands of the not too high electric current of voltage, under the electric current environment in hundreds of kilovolts of high voltages and the training of a little Wan An, traditional current sensor often occurs that insulativity punctures not, be subject to the serious and malfunction of electromagnetic interference (EMI), and even the potential safety hazards such as short circuit, blast occur.Because skin effect and its scattering of electromagnetic field of high frequency on every side of high-frequency current are disturbed larger, in electric system, the performance of traditional electric current device commonly used can not meet the requirement of insulating requirements and anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), therefore in the high frequency testing under the high-voltage great-current condition, this type of active sensor can't use especially.Can make equipment burnout from the energy of once end induction, severe electromagnetic environment also is enough to make equipment malfunction.The mutual coupling of energy between high voltage bus and current sensor also may have influence on the bus current transmission security one time.
Optical current sensor based on Faraday magnetooptical effect is mainly used at present the electric system low frequency signal and measures, because its bracing frame near the optical sensor unit of primary side is used aluminum alloy materials usually, therefore also can there be the problem of radiation interference impact when surveying high-frequency signal.And the conventional optical current sensor of at present electric system can be vibrated etc. the impact of factor, have common-mode noise, cause the accuracy of high frequency testing and reliability to reduce; In addition, the optical current sensor that is used for low frequency measurement is directly used in while surveying high-frequency signal and can makes equal sample frequency down-sampling cycle tail off, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) reduces, the conventional optical current sensor of electric system at present further cause the accuracy of high frequency testing to reduce, therefore can not meet the requirement of high frequency testing.
High frequency testing under the high-voltage great-current condition, the current complete equipment that also there is no moulding.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problem that the conventional optical current sensor of traditional current sensor and electric system at present all is not suitable for the high frequency testing under the high-voltage great-current condition, a kind of novel optical current sensor is provided, the measurement to high-frequency signal be can complete, accuracy of measurement and reliability improved.The invention still further relates to a kind of high frequency testing system that adopts above-mentioned optical current sensor.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of optical current sensor, it is characterized in that, comprise optical sensor unit, polarization maintaining optical fibre, insulator and demodulation module, described optical sensor unit, polarization maintaining optical fibre and demodulation module are connected successively, described optical sensor unit is supported by insulator, and described polarization maintaining optical fibre is positioned at the inner chamber of insulator, described optical sensor unit comprises the first sensing fiber ring and the second sensing fiber ring and the first wave plate that all adopts nonmetallic materials, the first catoptron, the second wave plate, the second catoptron and support, described polarization maintaining optical fibre comprises the first polarization maintaining optical fibre and the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, the end of described the first sensing fiber ring connects the first catoptron, the other end of the first sensing fiber ring connects the first polarization maintaining optical fibre by the first wave plate, the end of described the second sensing fiber ring connects the second catoptron, the other end of the second sensing fiber ring connects the second polarization maintaining optical fibre by the second wave plate, described support is the detachable closed hoop structure formed of two or more arc parts with draw-in groove, the draw-in groove of described each arch section is combined to form closed hoop, described the first sensing fiber ring and the second sensing fiber ring all are wound in draw-in groove and the coiling opposite direction, the current opposite in direction of described the first sensing fiber ring and the induction of the second sensing fiber ring, described demodulation module output two-route wire polarized light receives to optical sensor unit and by polarization maintaining optical fibre through polarization maintaining optical fibre after the linearly polarized light that the two-way returned carries tested current information based on difference to be responded to and carries out calculation process and obtain tested electric current.
Described demodulation module comprises light source, coupling mechanism, the first phase-modulator, the second phase-modulator, the first detector, the second detector and difference processing module, described coupling mechanism respectively with light source, the first phase-modulator, the second phase-modulator is connected with the second detector with the first detector, described the first phase-modulator is connected with the first polarization maintaining optical fibre, described the second phase-modulator is connected with the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, described the first detector all is connected with the difference processing module with the second detector, described difference processing module is connected with the second phase-modulator with the first phase-modulator respectively.
Described difference processing module comprises the first AD converter, the second AD converter, the 3rd AD converter, the 4th AD converter, the first calculation process module, the one DA converter, the second calculation process module, the 2nd DA converter and compensating module, described the first detector is connected with the second AD converter with the first AD converter respectively, described the second detector is connected with the 4th AD converter with the 3rd AD converter respectively, described the first AD converter all is connected with the first calculation process module with the 3rd AD converter, described the second AD converter all is connected with the second calculation process module with the 4th AD converter, described the first calculation process module is connected with the first phase-modulator by a DA converter, described the second calculation process module is connected with the second phase-modulator by the 2nd DA converter, described the first calculation process module all is connected with compensating module with the second calculation process module.
Described coupling mechanism comprises the first coupling mechanism, the second coupling mechanism and the 3rd coupling mechanism, described the first coupling mechanism is connected with light source, the second coupling mechanism and the 3rd coupling mechanism respectively, described the second coupling mechanism is connected with the first detector with the first phase-modulator respectively, and described the 3rd detector is connected with the second detector with the second phase-modulator respectively.
The first sensing fiber ring in described optical sensor unit is identical with the second sensing fiber ring coiling number of turns, and described the first wave plate overlaps with the line outlet position of the first catoptron at support, and described the second wave plate overlaps with the line outlet position of the second catoptron at support.
Described draw-in groove is two the identical closed hoops of size that arrange at the both sides of support end surface symmetric, or two closed hoops being arranged side by side for the outer ring surface along support of described draw-in groove, to hold respectively the first sensing fiber ring and the second sensing fiber ring.
Described optical sensor unit also comprises and a plurality of the first sensing fiber ring and the second sensing fiber ring is limited in to the nonmetallic baffle plate in draw-in groove, and the quantity of described baffle plate is 4 to 16.
Described optical sensor unit also comprises the nonmetallic cover plate that covers draw-in groove, and be wound around the first sensor fibre and the second sensor fibre in draw-in groove after, described cover plate is fixed by nonmetal screw.
A kind of high frequency testing system, is characterized in that, adopts above-mentioned optical current sensor, also comprises interconnective fiber optical transceiver and host computer, and described fiber optical transceiver is connected with the demodulation module in optical current sensor.
Comprise two or more optical current sensors, also comprise digital signal processor, described fiber optical transceiver is connected with the demodulation module in optical current sensor by digital signal processor, described digital signal processor receives the tested current data of the demodulation module in each optical current sensor, carry out after synchronous packing is processed passing to host computer by fiber optical transceiver, described host computer carries out the statistical calculation processing to the tested current data of multichannel.
Technique effect of the present invention is as follows:
Optical current sensor provided by the invention, comprise optical sensor unit, polarization maintaining optical fibre, insulator and demodulation module, demodulation module output two-route wire polarized light through polarization maintaining optical fibre to optical sensor unit, optical sensor unit adopts two good sensing fiber rings of insulating property to be responded to respectively high-frequency current signal to be measured, according to Faraday magnetooptical effect, light phase in the toroidal magnetic field modulated optical sensing element that on high voltage bus or electrode, high-frequency current forms, thereby change the polarization angle of incident ray polarized light, form respectively the linearly polarized light that two-way carries tested current information, and the tested current opposite in direction of carrying, this two-route wire polarized light turns back to demodulation module by two polarization maintaining optical fibres respectively after the second mirror reflects of the first catoptron of the first sensing fiber ring end in optical sensor unit and the second sensing fiber ring end, due to two sensing fiber ring coiling opposite directions, the current opposite in direction of its induction, but carry identical common-mode noise, be that optical sensor unit adopts the difference induction, demodulation module carries out calculation process based on difference induction can directly obtain tested electric current, data are processed upper can the reduction and are even substantially eliminated common-mode noise, the impact of the factors such as reduction vibration, complete high frequency testing.Optical current sensor of the present invention is based on Faraday magnetooptical effect, need to not get energy from once holding, what near the optical sensor unit of once holding, produce magneto-optic work is the first sensing fiber ring and the second sensing fiber ring, electric signal is not easy to be subject to electromagnetic interference (EMI) relatively, more can be to once not holding and cause interference, avoided the existing conventional current sensor based on electromagnetic induction principle seriously to cause occurring short circuit owing to being subject to electromagnetic interference (EMI), the problem of the potential safety hazards such as blast, also avoided the conventional optical current sensor of current electric system owing to having the radiation interference impact and because the impact of factors such as being vibrated is not suitable for the problem of high frequency testing simultaneously, optical current sensor of the present invention has improved measuring accuracy, meet the requirement of double copies simultaneously, and provide the light path redundancy, strengthen the reliability of high frequency testing.In addition, owing to being provided with two cover sensing fiber rings and connected wave plate and catoptron in the Fibre Optical Sensor parts, form two paths of signals, can also check mutually between this two paths of signals, further improve the unfailing performance of this optical current sensor.
In addition, radiation effect due to high-frequency signal, in optical sensor unit, except the first sensing fiber ring and the second sensing fiber ring are insulating material, all the other relevant mounting structures and accessory also adopt nonmetallic materials, to prevent improving the insulating property of optical sensor unit because the factors such as radiation cause interference to the high-frequency signal of high voltage bus or electrode, avoid potential safety hazard, met the environmental requirement of high frequency measurement under high-voltage great-current.Dismantle difficult situation for the high voltage bus or the electrode that produce high-frequency signal, optical sensor unit is designed to the supporting structure of dismountable closed hoop, be provided with the draw-in groove that holds two sensing fiber rings on support, this design can the opening combination be installed optical sensor unit, two sensing fiber rings carry out respectively flexible coiling in opposite direction around draw-in groove at the scene, can be understood as is that two sensing fiber rings carry out flexible coiling around high voltage bus or electrode at the scene, reduced difficulty of construction, easy for installation, without dismounting high voltage bus or electrode, also facilitate daily servicing to change.Insulator is supported as optical sensor unit, make the demodulation module that the optical sensor unit of primary side is passed insulator and secondary side by polarization maintaining optical fibre be connected, insulator is important support and the insulation control in optical current sensor of the present invention.Optical current sensor insulating property of the present invention and anti-electromagnetic interference performance are good, the measurement bandwidth is particularly useful for high frequency testing, have the advantages such as simple in structure, easy to operate, efficient, safe simultaneously.
Demodulation module is set and comprises light source, coupling mechanism, the first phase-modulator, the second phase-modulator, the first detector, the second detector and difference processing module, make on the electric signal in demodulation module binary channels is also arranged, can play further backup effect, can also check mutually in non-interfering situation between two paths of signals, further improve the reliability of optical current sensor of the present invention.
The first sensing fiber ring arranged in optical sensor unit is identical with the second sensing fiber ring coiling number of turns, all coiling one is enclosed or multi-turn, the first wave plate overlaps with the line outlet position of the first catoptron at support, the second wave plate overlaps with the line outlet position of the second catoptron at support, this setting can further guarantee that the size of the tested high-frequency current that two paths of signals carries is identical, the common-mode noise of carrying is consistent, difference induction calculation process by demodulation module, further improve the accuracy of the tested high-frequency current that obtains.
Size identical two closed hoops of draw-in groove for arranging at the both sides of support end surface symmetric are set, or draw-in groove is designed to two closed hoops that are arranged side by side along the outer ring surface of support, to hold respectively the first sensing fiber ring and the second sensing fiber ring, such the first sensing fiber ring and the second sensing fiber ring can be wound around respectively in the draw-in groove of two Parallel Symmetrics, compare and be wound on same draw-in groove, be wound around respectively sensing fiber ring more convenient in two draw-in grooves, without considering the staggered problem be wound around of two sensing fiber rings, guaranteed the intensity size of tested high-frequency current signal, further improve the high frequency measurement accuracy of optical current sensor.
High frequency testing system provided by the invention, adopt optical current sensor of the present invention, also comprise interconnective fiber optical transceiver and host computer, fiber optical transceiver is connected with the demodulation module in optical current sensor, demodulation module passes the high-frequency current signal recorded to transfer to host computer by fiber optical transceiver, by host computer, the high-frequency current signal data that record is carried out to the statistical calculation processing.This high frequency testing system can arrange one or more optical current sensors of the present invention, when connection is a plurality of, that the demodulation module in each optical current sensor all is connected with digital signal processor, digital signal processor receives the tested current data of each demodulation module, carry out pulse period signal and synchronously pack after processing and pass to host computer by fiber optical transceiver, by host computer, the tested current data of multichannel is carried out to the statistical calculation processing.High frequency testing system of the present invention adopts simple in structure, easy to operate, efficiently, the optical current sensor of safety, avoided the conventional optical current sensor of traditional current sensor and electric system at present all not to be suitable for the problem of the high frequency testing under the high-voltage great-current condition, can complete the measurement to high-frequency signal, improve accuracy of measurement and reliability, and one or more high-frequency current signal data that record can be carried out to synchronous packing and process, the outputting standard form is to host computer, extract the high-frequency current data that record and carry out the statistical calculation processing by host computer, can by the high-frequency current data that record as required in real time or the requirement such as timing carry out the statistical calculation processing, meet the multiple demand of field of electrical equipment.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation that Fig. 1 is optical current sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b are the preferred structure schematic diagram of the optical sensor unit in optical current sensor of the present invention.
The preferred structure schematic diagram that Fig. 3 is optical current sensor of the present invention.
The first preferred structure schematic diagram that Fig. 4 is the demodulation module in optical current sensor of the present invention.
The second preferred structure schematic diagram that Fig. 5 is the demodulation module in optical current sensor of the present invention.
The structural representation that Fig. 6 is high frequency testing system of the present invention.
The preferred structure schematic diagram that Fig. 7 is high frequency testing system of the present invention.
In figure, each label lists as follows:
The 1-optical sensor unit; The 2-polarization maintaining optical fibre; The 3-insulator; The 4-demodulation module; The 5-communications optical cable; 6-data-interface line; 11-the first sensing fiber ring; 12-the second sensing fiber ring; 13-the first catoptron; 14-the second catoptron; 15-the first wave plate; 16-the second wave plate; The 17-support; The 18-draw-in groove; The 19-cover plate; 21-the first polarization maintaining optical fibre; 22-the second polarization maintaining optical fibre.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be described.
The present invention relates to a kind of optical current sensor, for the current measurement of electric system, especially can be for the high frequency current measurement of high-voltage great-current, as the high frequency current measurement on high voltage bus or electrode.The structure of this optical current sensor as shown in Figure 1, comprise optical sensor unit 1, polarization maintaining optical fibre 2, insulator 3 and demodulation module, wherein, optical sensor unit 1, polarization maintaining optical fibre 2 are connected successively with demodulation module, optical sensor unit 1 is supported by insulator 3, polarization maintaining optical fibre 2 is positioned at the inner chamber of insulator 3, and the lumen loading of insulator 3 has insulating medium.The material of this insulator 3 in high frequency measurement is preferably radioceramic.
Be provided with two pairs of sensing fiber rings in optical sensor unit 1, be connected with catoptron and wave plate at the two ends of each sensing fiber ring, optical sensor unit structure as shown in Figure 2 a and 2 b, comprise the first sensing fiber ring 11 and the second sensing fiber ring 12 and the first catoptron 13 that all adopts nonmetallic materials, the second catoptron 14, the first wave plate 15, the second wave plate 16 and support 17, the end of the first sensing fiber ring 11 connects the first catoptron 13, the other end of the first sensing fiber ring 11 connects the first wave plate 15, the end of the second sensing fiber ring 12 connects the second catoptron 14, the other end of the second sensing fiber ring 12 connects the second wave plate 16.Support 17 is the detachable closed hoop structure (as support 17 can be comprised of the semi-ring of two symmetries) formed of the two or more arc parts with draw-in groove 18, and the draw-in groove 18 of each arch section is combined to form closed hoop, and Fig. 2 b is part-structure figure.The first sensing fiber ring 11 and the second sensing fiber ring 12 all are wound in draw-in groove 18 and the coiling opposite direction, the current opposite in direction of the first sensing fiber ring 11 and the second sensing fiber ring 12 inductions.
The first sensing fiber ring 11 and the second sensing fiber ring 12 all can be distinguished coiling one circle or the identical or different multi-turn of coiling, central shaft at the first sensing fiber ring 11 and the second sensing fiber ring 12 arranges tested high voltage bus or electrode, high-frequency current tested on high voltage bus or electrode forms toroidal magnetic field, and the first sensing fiber ring 11 and the second sensing fiber ring 12 arrange along this toroidal magnetic field direction.The preferred structure figure that Fig. 2 a is optical sensor unit, the first sensing fiber ring 11 preferably is set identical with the second sensing fiber ring 12 coiling number of turns, the first wave plate 15 also can preferably be set to be overlapped with the line outlet position of the first catoptron 13 at support 17, the second wave plate 16 overlaps with the line outlet position of the second catoptron 14 at support 17, thereby structurally more meet the requirement of ampere closed circuit, above-mentioned preferred setting can further guarantee that the size of tested high-frequency current of two paths of signals of two sensing fiber rings inductions is identical, and the common-mode noise of carrying is consistent.
The principle of work of optical current sensor of the present invention is as follows: demodulation module output two-route wire polarized light through polarization maintaining optical fibre 2 to optical sensor unit 1.The first sensing fiber ring 11 and the second sensing fiber ring 12 that high-frequency current signal to be measured is good by insulating property in optical sensor unit 1 are responded to.According to Faraday magnetooptical effect, light phase in the toroidal magnetic field modulated optical sensing element 1 that on bus, high-frequency current forms, thereby change the polarization angle of incident ray polarized light, thereby change by the phase place that detects polarized light the high-frequency current information that obtains high voltage bus or electrode.Specifically, the first wave plate 15(or the second wave plate 16) a route polarized light that demodulation module is sent here changes into the contrary circularly polarized light of the identical sense of rotation of speed, under the magnetic fields of electric current to be measured, a branch of circularly polarized light speed is accelerated, another bundle circularly polarized light speed is slack-off, thereby at the first sensing fiber ring 11(or the second sensing fiber ring 12) in produce gradually phase differential during propagation.According to Ampere circuit law, this phase differential is directly proportional to high-frequency current to be measured, two the bundle circularly polarized lights through the first catoptron 13(of the first sensing fiber ring 11 ends or the second catoptron 14 of the second sensing fiber ring 12 ends) reflection after respectively former road turn back to the first wave plate 15(or the second wave plate 16) position, be converted into again linearly polarized light from circularly polarized light, return to demodulation module, linearly polarized light has now attached the information of high-frequency current to be measured.Carry the linearly polarized light of tested high voltage bus or electrode high-frequency current information by the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 21(or the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 22) turn back to demodulation module, the polarization phase of demodulation module detection line polarized light changes and responds to and carry out calculation process based on difference, thereby obtains the high-frequency current information of tested high voltage bus or electrode.
Carry the two-route wire polarized light of tested high voltage bus or electrode high-frequency current information, also carried common-mode noise simultaneously, the phase-modulation in the same size of the high-frequency current of high voltage bus or electrode to the two-route wire polarized light, two-way high-frequency current opposite direction, be equal to differential signal, the light signal that comprises differential phase information passes to demodulation module and carries out subsequent treatment, difference induction calculation process by demodulation module, can effectively reduce common-mode noise, the accuracy of the tested electric current that obtains is further improved.
The first sensing fiber ring 11 and the second sensing fiber ring 12 in optical sensor unit are arranged in the draw-in groove 18 of support 17, can be co-located in a draw-in groove, or be separately positioned in two draw-in grooves.When being set to two draw-in grooves, these two draw-in grooves can be two the identical closed hoops of size that arrange at the both sides of support 17 end surface symmetric, two Fibre Optical Sensor rings respectively along the draw-in groove of this both sides end face of support in the flexible coiling of contrary each other direction.Certainly, these two draw-in grooves can also be two closed hoops that the outer ring surface along support 17 is arranged side by side, two draw-in grooves all are arranged on same outer ring surface, two Fibre Optical Sensor rings respectively along the draw-in groove of same outer ring surface in the flexible coiling of contrary each other direction.
Optical sensor unit preferably also comprises the nonmetallic cover plate 19 that covers draw-in groove, the first sensing fiber ring 11 and the second sensing fiber ring 12 be wound on draw-in groove 18 interior after, can with a plurality of nonmetal small front aprons by the position limitation of above-mentioned two sensing fiber rings in draw-in groove 18, the quantity that preferably adopts small front apron is 4 to 16.Can load onto O-ring seal or sealing gasket in the surrounding of draw-in groove 18 afterwards, then cover cover plate 19, cover plate 19 also can be thought the part of support 17, the closing structure that cover plate 19 is also formed or is comprised of more arcuate structures by two semi-circular structures.After cover plate 19 covers, can be fixing by nonmetal screw (as plastic screw).
Because support 17 is the detachable closed hoop structures that form of two or more arc parts, from the inside relative engagement chucking on every side of high voltage bus or electrode, form a whole ring texture when mounted.As the semi-ring of support 17 by two symmetries forms, during installation, from the both sides relative engagement chucking of high voltage bus or electrode, form a whole ring texture.The light current sensor that this opening combination is installed, solved on-the-spot high voltage bus or electrode and dismantled difficult situation, reduced difficulty of construction, easy for installation, without dismounting high voltage bus or electrode, also facilitates daily servicing to change.
The structure of the optical current sensor that adopts the optical sensor unit shown in Fig. 2 a to form as shown in Figure 3, polarization maintaining optical fibre comprises the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 21 and the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 22, the end of the first sensing fiber ring 11 connects the first catoptron 13, the other end of the first sensing fiber ring 11 connects the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 21 by the first wave plate 15, the other end that the end of the second sensing fiber ring 12 connects the second catoptron 14, the second sensing fiber rings 12 connects the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 22 by the second wave plate 16.Demodulation module output two-route wire polarized light receives respectively to optical sensor unit 1 and by the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 21 and the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 22 through two polarization maintaining optical fibres after the linearly polarized light that the two-way returned carries tested current information based on difference to be responded to and carries out calculation process and obtain tested high-frequency current.Due to the sensing fiber ring that comprises two coiling opposite directions in optical sensor unit, demodulation module is processed by the combinatorial operation to two paths of data, can improve accuracy, eliminate common-mode noise, the impact of the factors such as reduction vibration, also provide the light path redundancy simultaneously, strengthens reliability.
As shown in Figure 4, demodulation module 4 comprises light source, coupling mechanism, the first phase-modulator, the second phase-modulator, the first detector, the second detector and difference processing module to a kind of preferred structure of demodulation module.Coupling mechanism is connected with the second detector with light source, the first phase-modulator, the second phase-modulator and the first detector respectively, the concrete connection is: light source is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism, the first detector all is connected with the output terminal of coupling mechanism with the second detector, and the other two-port of the first phase-modulator and the second phase-modulator butt coupling device can be used as again output terminal as input end.The first phase-modulator is connected with the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 21, the second phase-modulator is connected with the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 22, the first detector all is connected with the difference processing module with the second detector, and the difference processing module is connected with the second phase-modulator with the first phase-modulator respectively.
The course of work of the demodulation module shown in Fig. 4 is: the linearly polarized light that light source sends is divided into two identical bunch polarized lights through coupling mechanism, deliver to respectively the first phase-modulator and the second phase-modulator, the first phase-modulator carries out phase-modulation by linearly polarized light, become the two vertical linearly polarized lights in bundle polarization direction, this two bunch polarized light is sent into optical sensor unit 1 through the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 21, optical sensor unit 1 is loaded into current information to be measured on the phase place of linearly polarized light by magneto-optic effect, the linearly polarized light that the first sensing fiber ring 11 utilizes the first catoptron 13 will attach current information sends back to the first phase-modulator through the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 21, the first phase-modulator carries out phase-modulation, become a branch of linearly polarized light that has carried high-frequency current information to be measured, deliver to again coupling mechanism, in like manner, the second phase-modulator carries out phase-modulation by linearly polarized light, become the two vertical linearly polarized lights in bundle polarization direction, this two bunch polarized light is sent into optical sensor unit 1 through the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 22, optical sensor unit 1 is loaded into current information to be measured on the phase place of linearly polarized light by magneto-optic effect, the linearly polarized light that the second sensing fiber ring 12 utilizes the second catoptron 14 will attach current information sends back to the second phase-modulator through the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 22, the second phase-modulator carries out phase-modulation, become a branch of linearly polarized light that has carried high-frequency current information to be measured, deliver to again coupling mechanism.Coupling mechanism receives two bundles that return and has all carried beam splitting again after the linearly polarized light of high-frequency current information to be measured, a branch of first detector that enters, a branch of second detector that enters, the first detector and the second detector change into electric signal by the light signal of receiving, deliver in the difference processing module based on difference induction and are processed computing and obtain tested high-frequency current.
The another kind of preferred structure that Fig. 5 is demodulation module, this structure also can be thought the structure of the further optimization of Fig. 4.The difference processing module of structure shown in Fig. 4 comprises the first AD converter, the second AD converter, the 3rd AD converter, the 4th AD converter, the first calculation process module, the one DA converter, the second calculation process module, the 2nd DA converter and compensating module, the concrete connection is: the first detector is connected with the second AD converter with the first AD converter respectively, the second detector is connected with the 4th AD converter with the 3rd AD converter respectively, the first AD converter all is connected with the first calculation process module with the 3rd AD converter, the second AD converter all is connected with the second calculation process module with the 4th AD converter, the first calculation process module is connected with the first phase-modulator by a DA converter, the second calculation process module is connected with the second phase-modulator by the 2nd DA converter, the first calculation process module all is connected with compensating module with the second calculation process module.Coupling mechanism comprises the first coupling mechanism, the second coupling mechanism and the 3rd coupling mechanism, the concrete connection is: the first coupling mechanism is connected with light source, the second coupling mechanism and the 3rd coupling mechanism respectively, the second coupling mechanism is connected with the first detector with the first phase-modulator respectively, the 3rd detector is connected with the second detector with the second phase-modulator respectively, the simple 2*2 coupling mechanism of each coupling mechanism optional structure now or 1*2 coupling mechanism or 2*1 coupling mechanism can meet the demands, and reduce costs.
The course of work of the demodulation module shown in Fig. 5 is: the linearly polarized light that light source sends is divided into two identical bunch polarized lights through the first coupling mechanism, enter respectively the second coupling mechanism and the 3rd coupling mechanism, the second coupling mechanism is delivered to the first phase-modulator by the linearly polarized light of receiving, become the two vertical linearly polarized lights in bundle polarization direction, send into optical sensor unit 1 through the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 21, optical sensor unit 1 is loaded into high-frequency current information to be measured on the phase place of linearly polarized light by magneto-optic effect, the linearly polarized light that utilizes the first catoptron 13 will attach high-frequency current information sends back to the first phase-modulator through the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 21, the first phase-modulator is delivered to the second coupling mechanism by a branch of linearly polarized light that has carried high-frequency current information to be measured, and the second coupling mechanism is divided into two bundles by the linearly polarized light received, a branch of first detector that enters wherein, and another road turns back to light source and slatterns, the 3rd coupling mechanism is delivered to the second phase-modulator by the linearly polarized light of receiving, becomes the two vertical linearly polarized lights in bundle polarization direction, through the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 22, sends into optical sensor unit 1.Optical sensor unit 1 is loaded into high-frequency current information to be measured on the phase place of linearly polarized light by magneto-optic effect, and the linearly polarized light that utilizes the second catoptron 14 will attach high-frequency current information sends back to the second phase-modulator through the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 22; The second phase-modulator is delivered to the 3rd coupling mechanism by a branch of linearly polarized light that has carried high-frequency current information to be measured, and the 3rd coupling mechanism is divided into two bundles by the linearly polarized light received, a branch of second detector that enters wherein, and another road turns back to light source and slatterns.After two-way detector in the demodulated module of the two ways of optical signals of being returned by optical sensor unit receives, the first detector and the second detector all change into electric signal by the light signal of receiving, the electric signal of each road detector conversion is used the two-way AD converter to carry out the Collect conversion union afterwards, as shown in Figure 5, the two-way detector respectively provides a road to transfer to a calculation process module through the signal of AD converter collection to carry out calculation process, obtain respectively high-frequency current information.Specifically: the signal of the first AD converter and the 3rd AD converter collection is entered to the first calculation process module and processed, extract phase information, divided by coefficients such as Verdet constants, obtain respectively high-frequency current information; The signal of the second AD converter and the 4th AD converter collection is entered to the second calculation process module and processed, extract phase information, divided by coefficients such as Verdet constants, obtain respectively high-frequency current information; The high-frequency current information that the first calculation process module and the second calculation process module obtain enters compensating module, and based on difference, induction is exported after additive operation cancellation common-mode noise and nonlinear compensation.Can check mutually between two-way AD signal and follow-up two-way current information thereof, further improve the reliability of optical current sensor.Under normal circumstances, the two paths of signals size is basically identical, and when relatively large deviation occurring, can judge and have at least a road device to go wrong, and alarm.The output of the first calculation process module also can be connected to the first phase-modulator by a DA converter, thereby realizes the control of one of two bunch polarized lights to transmitting in the first phase-modulator; The output of the second calculation process module also can be connected to the second phase-modulator by the 2nd DA converter, thereby realizes the control of one of two bunch polarized lights to transmitting in the second phase-modulator.
The invention still further relates to a kind of high frequency testing system, measured for high-frequency current, in order to guarantee signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), more than 10 times of the sample frequency number of winning the confidence frequency.High frequency testing system of the present invention can be measured accurately to the current signal of 50～50KHz.The structure of this high frequency testing system as shown in Figure 6, this high frequency testing system adopts optical current sensor of the present invention, also comprise interconnective fiber optical transceiver and host computer, fiber optical transceiver is connected with the demodulation module in optical current sensor.Demodulation module is by the high voltage bus that records or the high-frequency current information output of electrode, can also export some other its information, the temperature information recorded as the set temperature sensor or export specified delayed data etc., pass to fiber optical transceiver through communications optical cable 5, fiber optical transceiver sends data to host computer by the data-interface line 6 with the host computer interface compatibility.Host computer can extract current data and it is carried out to statistical calculation by process software, further shows the needed statistics of high-frequency current waveform and client.
High frequency testing system of the present invention can adopt one, two or more optical current sensors, when adopting a plurality of optical current sensor, the optical sensor unit of each optical current sensor kind can be arranged on to the diverse location of high voltage bus or electrode, to record high voltage bus or the electrode high-frequency current in a plurality of positions section, this system can also arrange the digital signal processor that can receive multichannel data, preferred structure as shown in Figure 7, this system comprises a plurality of optical current sensors, also comprise the digital signal processor connected successively, fiber optical transceiver and host computer, demodulation module in each optical current sensor all is connected with digital signal processor.Demodulation module is exported the high voltage bus that records or high-frequency current information and other information of electrode according to the user-defined format framing, send to digital signal processor through communications optical cable 5, digital signal processor receives the Multi-channel high-frequency current data that each demodulation module sends, carry out the pulse period signal processing of synchronously packing, pass to fiber optical transceiver through communications optical cable 5, fiber optical transceiver sends data to host computer by the data-interface line 6 with the host computer interface compatibility, host computer extracts the Multi-channel high-frequency current data to carry out statistical calculation by process software, can be in real time or time display current waveform and the needed statistics of client.
Digital signal processor is the parts that preferably adopt, and especially, when system has a plurality of optical current sensor, digital signal processor is set and can realizes the Multi-channel high-frequency current data is shown synchronously in real time.High frequency testing system of the present invention, when adopting an optical current sensor, also can arrange digital signal processor; In structure shown in Fig. 6, do not adopt digital signal processor, export data by demodulation module according to standard format, this kind is applied to detect single-phase current.
It should be pointed out that the above embodiment can make the invention of those skilled in the art's comprehend, but do not limit the present invention in any way creation.Therefore; although this instructions has been described in detail the invention with reference to drawings and Examples; but; those skilled in the art are to be understood that; still can modify or be equal to replacement the invention; in a word, all do not break away from technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of the invention, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of the invention patent.
Claims (10)
1. an optical current sensor, it is characterized in that, comprise optical sensor unit, polarization maintaining optical fibre, insulator and demodulation module, described optical sensor unit, polarization maintaining optical fibre and demodulation module are connected successively, described optical sensor unit is supported by insulator, and described polarization maintaining optical fibre is positioned at the inner chamber of insulator, described optical sensor unit comprises the first sensing fiber ring and the second sensing fiber ring and the first wave plate that all adopts nonmetallic materials, the first catoptron, the second wave plate, the second catoptron and support, described polarization maintaining optical fibre comprises the first polarization maintaining optical fibre and the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, the end of described the first sensing fiber ring connects the first catoptron, the other end of the first sensing fiber ring connects the first polarization maintaining optical fibre by the first wave plate, the end of described the second sensing fiber ring connects the second catoptron, the other end of the second sensing fiber ring connects the second polarization maintaining optical fibre by the second wave plate, described support is the detachable closed hoop structure formed of two or more arc parts with draw-in groove, the draw-in groove of described each arch section is combined to form closed hoop, described the first sensing fiber ring and the second sensing fiber ring all are wound in draw-in groove and the coiling opposite direction, the current opposite in direction of described the first sensing fiber ring and the induction of the second sensing fiber ring, described demodulation module output two-route wire polarized light receives to optical sensor unit and by polarization maintaining optical fibre through polarization maintaining optical fibre after the linearly polarized light that the two-way returned carries tested current information based on difference to be responded to and carries out calculation process and obtain tested electric current.
2. optical current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described demodulation module comprises light source, coupling mechanism, the first phase-modulator, the second phase-modulator, the first detector, the second detector and difference processing module, described coupling mechanism respectively with light source, the first phase-modulator, the second phase-modulator is connected with the second detector with the first detector, described the first phase-modulator is connected with the first polarization maintaining optical fibre, described the second phase-modulator is connected with the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, described the first detector all is connected with the difference processing module with the second detector, described difference processing module is connected with the second phase-modulator with the first phase-modulator respectively.
3. optical current sensor according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described difference processing module comprises the first AD converter, the second AD converter, the 3rd AD converter, the 4th AD converter, the first calculation process module, the one DA converter, the second calculation process module, the 2nd DA converter and compensating module, described the first detector is connected with the second AD converter with the first AD converter respectively, described the second detector is connected with the 4th AD converter with the 3rd AD converter respectively, described the first AD converter all is connected with the first calculation process module with the 3rd AD converter, described the second AD converter all is connected with the second calculation process module with the 4th AD converter, described the first calculation process module is connected with the first phase-modulator by a DA converter, described the second calculation process module is connected with the second phase-modulator by the 2nd DA converter, described the first calculation process module all is connected with compensating module with the second calculation process module.
4. optical current sensor according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described coupling mechanism comprises the first coupling mechanism, the second coupling mechanism and the 3rd coupling mechanism, described the first coupling mechanism is connected with light source, the second coupling mechanism and the 3rd coupling mechanism respectively, described the second coupling mechanism is connected with the first detector with the first phase-modulator respectively, and described the 3rd detector is connected with the second detector with the second phase-modulator respectively.
5. optical current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the first sensing fiber ring in described optical sensor unit is identical with the second sensing fiber ring coiling number of turns, described the first wave plate overlaps with the line outlet position of the first catoptron at support, and described the second wave plate overlaps with the line outlet position of the second catoptron at support.
6. optical current sensor according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described draw-in groove is two the identical closed hoops of size that arrange at the both sides of support end surface symmetric, or two closed hoops of described draw-in groove for being arranged side by side along the outer ring surface of support, to hold respectively the first sensing fiber ring and the second sensing fiber ring.
7. optical current sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described optical sensor unit also comprises and a plurality of the first sensing fiber ring and the second sensing fiber ring are limited in to the nonmetallic baffle plate in draw-in groove, and the quantity of described baffle plate is 4 to 16.
8. optical current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described optical sensor unit also comprises the nonmetallic cover plate that covers draw-in groove, and be wound around the first sensor fibre and the second sensor fibre in draw-in groove after, described cover plate is fixed by nonmetal screw.
9. a high frequency testing system, is characterized in that, adopts one of claim 1 to 8 described optical current sensor, also comprises interconnective fiber optical transceiver and host computer, and described fiber optical transceiver is connected with the demodulation module in optical current sensor.
10. high frequency testing system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, comprise two or more optical current sensors, also comprise digital signal processor, described fiber optical transceiver is connected with the demodulation module in optical current sensor by digital signal processor, described digital signal processor receives the tested current data of the demodulation module in each optical current sensor, carry out after synchronous packing is processed passing to host computer by fiber optical transceiver, described host computer carries out the statistical calculation processing to the tested current data of multichannel.
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