CN103412111A - Core measurement system and method - Google Patents
Core measurement system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103412111A CN103412111A CN2013103167971A CN201310316797A CN103412111A CN 103412111 A CN103412111 A CN 103412111A CN 2013103167971 A CN2013103167971 A CN 2013103167971A CN 201310316797 A CN201310316797 A CN 201310316797A CN 103412111 A CN103412111 A CN 103412111A
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Abstract
The invention provides a core measuring system and a method, wherein the system comprises: a core holder; the injection pump is connected with the fluid injection port of the rock core holder and used for displacing the non-wetting phase into the rock core to be detected fixed in the rock core holder at a constant speed; the suction pump is connected with the fluid output port of the rock core holder and is used for collecting the original fluid in the rock core to be detected, which is displaced from the rock core to be detected; the two ends of the differential pressure sensor are respectively connected with the fluid injection port and the fluid output port and used for measuring the fluid pressure difference at the two ends of the core to be measured in the process that the core to be measured is displaced; and the resistivity measuring unit is connected with the core to be measured and is used for measuring the resistivity of the core to be measured in the process of displacing the core to be measured. The method solves the technical problems that the resistivity of the rock core and the information of the pore space connected with the throat cannot be determined at the same time and the obtained data points are few due to the fact that the rock core is measured by a constant pressure difference method, and meanwhile, the measuring period is shortened compared with that of the constant pressure difference method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the oil exploration and extraction field, particularly a kind of rock core measuring system and method.
Background technology
At present, in order to measure the resistivity of rock, the general method adopted of the characteristics such as capillary pressure is the constant-pressure drop method, the ultimate principle of constant-pressure drop method is: by the rock core to be tested core holding unit of packing into, (discontinuous) applies constant pressure reduction from low to high at the two ends of rock core, adopt non-wetting phase to carry out the salt solution in the displacement rock core, according to the capillary pressure theory, rock core is being subject to two mutually immiscible fluid interface tension force, the impact of contact angle and pore throat radius, under certain differential pressure action, non-wetting phase in rock core and the distribution of water will reach equilibrium state, water saturation in rock core also can reach certain certain value, then, water saturation and the resistivity of rock core while recording respectively under different pressure reduction conditions non-wetting phase and water distribution balance, and the relation of drafting water saturation and capillary pressure and resistivity.
Yet, by above-mentioned constant-pressure drop method, measure the resistivity of rock and the deficiency that can there be following aspect in capillary pressure:
1) constant-pressure drop method, in the process of experiment, to select different constant pressure differences to measure, under each constant pressure difference, after system reached balance, what this pressure reduction reflected was under this pressure reduction, the Minimum throat radius that the displacement fluid can enter, thereby the capillary pressure curve that makes acquisition can only reflect the venturi information of rock core, and can't effectively reflect the information of the hole be connected with venturi in rock core;
2) experimental data point obtained is less, because pressure reduction is non-increasing continuously, resistivity measurement data only is only effectively when non-wetting phase and water reach equilibrium state, therefore can only obtain limited active data point, under usual condition, can only obtain 6 to 8 active data points;
3) adopt the constant-pressure drop method to measure needed experimental period longer, generally need 3 all above Measuring Time.
The heterogeneous body complicated reservoirs becomes the important object of oil-gas exploration gradually at present, because heterogeneous body complicated reservoirs heterogeneous body is strong, pore throat configuration relation complexity, about the electrical influence factor of complicated reservoirs and knowledge of regularity, be still far from perfect, therefore carry out the electrical mechanism research of heterogeneous body complicated reservoirs extremely important to the efficiency that improves complicated reservoirs oil-gas exploration.Yet, current experimental technique, that pore texture, resistivity to rock core is separated measurement, to record simultaneously throat radius and resistivity by constant-voltage method, the pore throat that can't record simultaneously rock core distributes and resistivity, and this has restricted to a certain extent to the research of the electrical rule of complicated reservoirs and understanding.
For the problems referred to above, effective solution is proposed not yet at present.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of rock core measuring system and method, adopt the constant-pressure drop method to measure rock core and technical matters that the cycle that data point is few, measurement is required of the information of the hole that can't determine simultaneously rock core resistivity and be connected with venturi that causes, acquisition is grown to solve at least in correlation technique.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of rock core measuring system, comprising: core holding unit, injection pump, suction pump, differential pressure pickup and resistivity measurement unit, wherein: core holding unit, for fixedly putting into the rock core to be measured of core holding unit; Injection pump, be connected with the fluid inlet of core holding unit, for according to the non-wetting phase of constant speed displacement, entering the rock core to be measured that is fixed on core holding unit, with displacement, goes out the fluid of script in rock core to be measured; Suction pump, be connected with the fluid outlet of core holding unit, the rock core to be measured fluid originally gone out by displacement for collecting rock core to be measured; Differential pressure pickup, two ends are connected with fluid outlet with the fluid main-inlet respectively, for measuring rock core to be measured by the fluid pressure differential at the process of displacement rock core to be measured two ends; The resistivity measurement unit, be connected with the rock core to be measured in described core holding unit, be used to measuring described rock core to be measured by the resistivity of rock core to be measured described in the process of displacement.
In one embodiment, differential pressure pickup comprises a plurality of differential pressure pickups that range in parallel is different.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned rock core measuring system also comprises: the confined pressure pump, with the sidewall of core holding unit, be connected, and be used to core holding unit that the pressure of fixing rock core to be measured is provided.
In one embodiment, in core holding unit, be provided with the fluid allowed in rock core to be measured that rock core to be measured gone out by displacement originally and pass through, forbid the semi-permeable plate that non-wetting phase passes through, wherein, semi-permeable plate is arranged on the end of rock core to be measured.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned rock core measuring system also comprises: first liquid reservoir and second liquid reservoir, and wherein: the first liquid reservoir is connected with injection pump, for reading the volume of the non-wetting phase flowed out from injection pump; The second liquid reservoir, be connected with the fluid outlet of core holding unit, for reading the volume of the rock core to be measured fluid originally that rock core to be measured gone out by displacement.
In one embodiment, non-wetting phase comprises: gas and/or oil.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of rock core measuring method, comprising: non-wetting phase is advanced to rock core to be measured with constant speed displacement, with displacement, go out the fluid of script in rock core to be measured; Obtain the fluid pressure differential at rock core to be measured two ends in displacement process; According to following information, determine the radius distribution of venturi of rock core to be measured and/or the radius distribution of hole: the volume of the non-wetting phase of rock core to be measured is advanced in displacement, in the rock core to be measured gone out by displacement originally the volume of fluid and displacement process in the fluid pressure differential at rock core to be measured two ends.
In one embodiment, determine that the radius distribution of venturi of described rock core to be measured and/or the radius distribution of hole comprise: the radius distribution histogram that the capillary pressure curve of described venturi is converted to described venturi; And/or the capillary pressure curve of described hole is converted to the radius distribution histogram of described hole.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned rock core measuring method also comprises: according to following information, calculate described rock core to be measured and increased curve by the resistivity at the two ends of rock core to be measured described in displacement process: in the rock core described to be measured that displacement advances the volume of the described non-wetting phase of described rock core to be measured, gone out by displacement originally the volume of fluid and displacement process described in the resistivity of rock core to be measured; According to the capillary pressure curve of the capillary pressure curve of described venturi, described hole and described resistivity, increase curve and can study the impact of the structure of the venturi of described rock core to be measured and hole on described rock core resistivity to be measured.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned rock core measuring method also comprises: the capillary pressure curve that calculates described venturi and described hole according to following information: in the rock core described to be measured that displacement advances the volume of the described non-wetting phase of described rock core to be measured, gone out by displacement originally the volume of fluid and displacement process described in the pressure differential at rock core to be measured two ends.
In one embodiment, described non-wetting phase comprises: gas and/or oil.
In embodiments of the present invention, in the rock core measuring system, be provided with injection pump, suction pump, differential pressure pickup and resistivity measurement unit, the non-wetting phase of injection pump constant speed displacement is in rock core, then by originally fluid displacement in rock core to suction pump, and in the process of displacement, obtain the pressure differential at rock core two ends by differential pressure pickup, thereby obtain the related data of rock core to realize the measurement to rock core, adopt the mode of constant speed displacement can obtain the continuous pressure curve resistivity of measurement rock core in the process of displacement simultaneously, thereby can solve and adopt the constant-pressure drop method to measure rock core and the rock core resistivity of can't determining simultaneously that causes reaches the information of the hole that is connected with venturi, the few technical matters of data point obtained, simultaneously compared to the constant-pressure drop method, also shortened measuring period.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms the application's a part, does not form limitation of the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a kind of structured flowchart of the rock core measuring system of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of specific embodiment of the rock core measuring system of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of process flow diagram of the rock core measuring method of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of venturi and hole in the rock core of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is an instantiation of the rock core measuring system of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a kind of process flow diagram of the measuring method of the resistivity of rock core of the embodiment of the present invention and capillary pressure;
Fig. 7 is the rock core capillary pressure of the embodiment of the present invention and the overall trend schematic diagram of non-wetting phase volume;
Fig. 8 is the rock core capillary pressure of the embodiment of the present invention and the curve synoptic diagram of non-wetting phase volume;
Fig. 9 is the capillary pressure of the embodiment of the present invention and the curve synoptic diagram of oil saturation;
Figure 10 is the throat radius distribution histogram of the rock core of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the pore radius distribution histogram of the rock core of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the resistance Magnification of the embodiment of the present invention and the curve synoptic diagram of water saturation.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further details.At this, exemplary embodiment of the present invention and explanation thereof be for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
In embodiments of the present invention, provide a kind of rock core measuring system, as shown in Figure 1, this rock core measuring system comprises: injection pump 101, core holding unit 102, suction pump 103, differential pressure pickup 104 and resistivity measurement unit 105.Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, each ingredient in this system is specifically described:
1) core holding unit 102, for fixedly putting into the rock core to be measured of core holding unit 102;
2) injection pump 101, are connected with the fluid inlet of core holding unit 102, for according to the non-wetting phase of constant speed displacement, entering the rock core to be measured that is fixed on core holding unit 102, with displacement, go out the fluid of script in described rock core to be measured;
3) suction pump 103, with the fluid outlet of core holding unit 102, be connected, and the rock core described to be measured fluid originally gone out by displacement for collecting rock core to be measured;
4) differential pressure pickup 104, and two ends are connected with described fluid outlet with described fluid inlet respectively, for measuring rock core to be measured by the fluid pressure differential at the process of displacement rock core to be measured two ends;
5) the resistivity measurement unit 105, with the rock core to be measured in described core holding unit, are connected, be used to measuring described rock core to be measured by the resistivity of rock core to be measured described in the process of displacement.
In the above-described embodiment, in the rock core measuring system, be provided with injection pump, suction pump, differential pressure pickup and resistivity measurement unit, the non-wetting phase of injection pump constant speed displacement is in rock core, then by originally fluid displacement in rock core to suction pump, and in the process of displacement, obtain the pressure differential at rock core two ends by differential pressure pickup, thereby obtain the related data of rock core to realize the measurement to rock core, adopt the mode of constant speed displacement can obtain the continuous pressure curve resistivity of measurement rock core in the process of displacement simultaneously, thereby can solve in correlation technique, adopt the constant-pressure drop method rock core to be measured and the information of the hole that can't determine rock core resistivity and be connected with venturi that causes, the few technical matters of data point obtained, simultaneously compared to the constant-pressure drop method, also shortened measuring period.
Above-mentioned non-wetting phase can be the non-wetting phases such as oil, gas.Wherein, wetting state refers to that fluid is attached to the character on solid, is a kind of suction-operated.Different fluid can show different wetting states from different rocks.The fluid easily be attached on rock is called wetting fluid, otherwise is called non-wetting fluid.Heterogeneous fluid coexist and immiscible fluid in, wetting body is referred to as again wetting phase, non-wetting body is called non-wetting phase.
During enforcement, adopt differential pressure pickup to measure rock core to be measured by the fluid pressure differential at rock core to be measured two ends in the process of displacement, in one embodiment, the pressure differential of considering the rock core both sides is larger sometimes, smaller sometimes, for in relatively large of pressure differential just suitably choice accuracy hang down a little the differential pressure pickup of some, just can the higher differential pressure pickup of choice accuracy in the time of smaller for pressure differential.Fig. 2 is an instantiation of rock core measuring system, and as shown in Figure 2, in this example, differential pressure pickup can comprise: different the first differential pressure pickup 201, the second differential pressure pickup 202 and the 3rd differential pressure pickup 202 of range in parallel.These three differential pressure pickup correspondences different ranges, select corresponding differential pressure pickup reading as final measurement result according to the range ability at current differential pressure place.Its precision of the differential pressure pickup of wide range is corresponding low, and its precision of the differential pressure pickup of small-range is corresponding higher.It should be noted that, the differential pressure pickup of three different ranges of above-mentioned employing is only a concrete embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, can also adopt according to actual needs the differential pressure pickup of other quantity, for example, can adopt one, two, four etc. can, for the quantity of concrete differential pressure pickup, do not do concrete restriction at this.
In order to make rock core be fixed in core holding unit, can not make because the pressure of fluid is excessive rock core break away from core holding unit, need to be to the rock core confined pressure of exerting pressure when measuring, the confined pressure pump can be set in system, this confined pressure pump is connected with the sidewall of core holding unit 102, is used to core holding unit 102 that the pressure of fixing described rock core to be measured is provided.That is, the confined pressure pump is exerted pressure by the sidewall to core holding unit, thereby makes rock core to be measured to be fixed in core holding unit, and prevents that the space of displacement fluid between rock core and sleeve from flowing out from endpiece.
The fluid of below take in rock core to be measured originally describes as water as example, when implementing, a kind of possible situation is that the water in rock core to be measured is undersaturated, will cause like this injection recorded to carry out the volume of non-wetting phase of rock core to be measured bigger than normal, and the volume from the fluid of script in the rock core of getting rid of rock core to be measured recorded is less than normal, make measurement result inaccurate.In order to make measurement result more accurate, before rock core to be measured is measured, can be first to injected water in rock core to be measured, until the water in rock core to be measured is in state of saturation, then the non-wetting phase that will select in advance by injection pump (can be for example gas or oil) displacement in rock core to be measured, thereby make the water in rock core to be measured be discharged from rock core under the effect of pressure.
In order to make what enter suction pump, it is all originally fluid in rock core to be measured, a semi-permeable plate can be set in the bottom of rock core, and this semi-permeable plate is placed on the end (end of so-called rock core to be measured is exactly the close end of rock core to be measured and clamper delivery outlet) of rock core to be measured.The effect of this semi-permeable plate is: this permeable barrier only allows the fluid of script in rock core to be measured to pass through, and do not allow to pass through for the non-wetting phase that is advanced rock core to be measured by displacement.During enforcement, if fluid in rock core to be measured originally is water, semi-permeable plate can be selected the dividing plate of the wetting material of polyester so.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned resistivity measurement unit can be the RCL resistance measuring instrument, and the RCL resistance measuring instrument is connected with the rock core to be measured in core holding unit, be used to measuring described rock core to be measured by the resistance of rock core to be measured described in the process of displacement.Can obtain simultaneously by the way the resistivity of rock core and the relevant information of hole and venturi, research for complicated reservoirs rock electricity rule has great importance, and also can solve the few problem of experimental data point that adopts the resulting resistivity of constant-pressure drop measuring method in correlation technique simultaneously.The experimental data point of resistivity herein is only the aspect that above-mentioned experimental data point is few less, because only in default several spot pressures, just can collect the parameters such as pressure, pressure differential, resistance when adopting the constant-pressure drop measuring method, pressure is not continuous, and therefore acquisition is that the data point of pressure, pressure differential, resistance etc. is all limited.
Therefore the data that obtain in the experiment measuring process are all generally real-time, the data that a storer arrives for storage of collected can be set in system, in order to use during subsequent calculations.In above-mentioned rock core measuring system, can also be provided with: processor, with injection pump, suction pump and pressure transducer, be connected, for the volume of the collected fluid of volume, the suction pump of the non-wetting phase according to flowing out from injection pump and rock core to be measured, by the pressure differential at rock core to be measured two ends the process of displacement, calculate the radius distribution of venturi of rock core to be measured and/or the radius distribution of hole.Above-mentioned processor can be arranged in the rock core measuring system, can be also an independently counter, or only obtain the data that record in the rock core measuring system, then data are sent on a long-range computing machine and process, to this, the present invention is not construed as limiting.Why by the pressure reduction that records and the volume of fluid, can determine the radius distribution of venturi and/or the radius distribution of hole, mainly can suppress because of each the venturi place that enters into rock core at non-wetting phase, now the pressure of whole capillary system will raise, after non-wetting phase enters into hole, pressure will be discharged, the pressure of whole capillary system will reduce, the volume of the non-wetting phase in determining this section process, the poor variation of the volume of the fluid of the script gone out by displacement in rock core and this course pressure just can obtain the information of hole or venturi.
In order to read the volume of the fluid that injects rock core or discharge from rock core, in above-mentioned rock core measuring system, can also be provided with first liquid preserves and the second liquid reservoir, wherein, described first liquid reservoir, with the fluid inlet of described core holding unit, be connected, for reading the volume that flows out the non-wetting phase of described rock core to be measured from described injection pump; The second liquid reservoir, be connected with the fluid outlet of described core holding unit, for reading the volume of the rock core described to be measured fluid originally that described rock core to be measured gone out by displacement.
In the present embodiment, also provide a kind of rock core measuring method, as shown in Figure 3, can comprise the following steps:
Step 301: non-wetting phase is advanced to rock core to be measured with constant speed displacement, go out the fluid of script in rock core to be measured with displacement;
Step 302: the fluid pressure differential that obtains rock core to be measured two ends in displacement process;
Step 303: according to following information, determine the radius distribution of venturi of rock core to be measured and/or the radius distribution of hole: the volume of the non-wetting phase of rock core to be measured is advanced in displacement, in the rock core to be measured gone out by displacement originally the volume of fluid and displacement process in the fluid pressure differential at rock core to be measured two ends.
Rock core generally is comprised of the different capillary bundle of diameter, also can think as shown in Figure 4, by the different venturi of diameter and hole, formed, wherein, the d in throat radius corresponding diagram 4, the D in pore radius corresponding diagram 4.When determining or calculate the throat radius of rock core to be measured or pore radius, can carry out according to following formula:
Wherein, p
cMean capillary pressure, R means the radius of hole or venturi, and σ means interfacial tension, and θ means static contact angle.After in the volume change of non-wetting phase or suction pump, the volume change of fluid calculates capillary pressure curve in the reading by differential pressure pickup, injection pump, just can calculate according to above-mentioned formula the radius distribution curve of hole or venturi.
Adopt in the process that above-mentioned constant speed displacement system measures rock core, interfacial tension and contact angle remain unchanged, each the venturi place that enters into rock core at non-wetting phase can suppress, now the pressure of whole capillary system will raise, after non-wetting phase enters into hole, pressure will be discharged, the pressure of whole capillary system will reduce, the volume of the non-wetting phase in determining this section process, the poor variation of the volume of the fluid of the script gone out by displacement in rock core and this course pressure just can obtain the information of hole or venturi.
In one embodiment, can calculate the capillary pressure curve of hole and the capillary pressure curve of venturi according to following information: in the rock core described to be measured that displacement advances the volume of the described non-wetting phase of described rock core to be measured, gone out by displacement originally the volume of fluid and displacement process described in the pressure differential at rock core to be measured two ends.
Based on the capillary pressure curve of the above-mentioned hole calculated and the capillary pressure curve of venturi, can proceed as follows:
1) capillary pressure curve of venturi is converted to the radius distribution histogram of venturi;
2) capillary pressure curve of hole is converted to the radius distribution histogram of hole;
That is, first calculate the capillary pressure curve of venturi or the capillary pressure curve of hole, finally determine again the radius distribution of venturi or hole according to the pressure curve calculated, finally to determine the structure of venturi in rock core or hole.
In above-mentioned steps 301, the displacing velocity of non-wetting phase can be low to moderate 0.0001cc/min, thereby guarantee to rock core, to inject the displacement fluid with constant low speed, the volume metering precision of pump is 0.0001cc, thereby has guaranteed the variation of fluid volume in the Measurement accuracy displacement process.
In the process that the method for constant speed displacement is measured rock core, with low-down speed, non-wetting phase is injected in the volume of voids of rock, low speed has guaranteed quasi-static displacement process, in this process, interfacial tension and contact angle remain unchanged, the variation of each pore shape that non-wetting phase experiences, all can cause the change of system capillary pressure.Fluctuation by pressure in the injection process that detects non-wetting phase by the venturi of rock interior and hole separately, is obtained the structural information of venturi and hole in rock core.The developmental state of venturi and hole not only can be provided respectively in this way, and size and the distribution characteristics thereof of pore throat ratio can be obtained.The method is more suitable for the high hole low permeability reservoir that the pore throat nature difference is very large.Consider the non wettability of mercury, can adopt the fluid of mercury as displacement, yet consider that the strong toxicity of mercury reaches the permanent destruction to rock core, can select gas and/or oil as the non-wetting phase for displacement.
In order to realize the joint test to resistivity, capillary pressure, said method can also comprise the following steps:
1) according to following information, calculate described rock core to be measured and increased curve by the resistivity at the two ends of rock core to be measured described in displacement process: the volume of the described non-wetting phase of described rock core to be measured is advanced in displacement, in the rock core described to be measured gone out by displacement originally the volume of fluid and displacement process described in the resistance of rock core to be measured;
2) according to the capillary pressure curve of venturi, capillary pressure curve and the described resistivity of hole, increase venturi and the structure of hole and the relation between described rock core resistivity to be measured that curve obtains described rock core to be measured.
Before above-mentioned steps 301, said method can also comprise: be in state of saturation to injecting described fluid to described rock core to be measured in described rock core to be measured, the rock core to be measured that is in state of saturation is carried out to displacement, make the volume of displacement water out just can show state and the structure of rock core mesoporosity and venturi, thereby guaranteed to measure the accuracy of resulting result.
Below lift concrete rock core measuring system and a rock core measuring method of implementing to describe in detail the embodiment of the present invention.
In this example, a kind of rock core measuring method and system have been proposed, adopt non-wetting phase (oil or gas) constant speed displacement process to carry out combined measurement to rock resistivity and capillary pressure, wherein, in this rock core to be measured, the fluid of script is water, designed simultaneously constant speed displacement resistivity, capillary pressure translocation experimental provision, in this measurement mechanism, mainly comprised: the compositions such as instrument support, core holding unit, displacement system, differential pressure measurement system, resistance insulation device, RCL resistance measuring instrument and computing machine.Wherein, displacement system and differential pressure pickup are two large core components of this measurement mechanism.In order to realize the constant speed capillary pressure, measure, the displacement system can adopt two high precision QUIZIX pumps to form, one of them QUIZIX pump is as injection pump, for the non-wetting phase of displacement (oil or gas), enter rock core, another one QUIZIX pump is as suction pump, for collecting the fluid that rock core is discharged by displacement, and provide pore pressure.The displacing velocity of pump can be low to moderate 0.0001cc/min, thereby guarantees to rock core, to inject the displacement fluid with constant low speed, and the volume metering precision of pump can be set as 0.0001cc, to guarantee the variation of fluid volume in the Measurement accuracy displacement process.Also need, for injection pump and suction pump, the liquid reservoir is set, for placing respectively filling liquid and sucking liquid.
Usually the range of differential pressure pickup is larger, the precision of measuring is lower, in order to solve in measuring process, need range large, simultaneously also to guarantee the contradiction of enough accuracy, for low hole infiltration rock core, the differential pressure measurement system of this device can contain the differential pressure pickup of three different ranges, when data are processed, when measured value is lower, select the differential pressure pickup of lower range to measure, when measured value is higher, select the high range differential pressure pickup to measure to meet simultaneously High Pressure Difference and high-precision requirement of experiment.Even current pressure reduction has exceeded the working range of differential pressure pickup, differential pressure pickup also only can reach full-scale state, can't cause the damage of differential pressure pickup, therefore, during enforcement, can be that three differential pressure pickups are measured simultaneously, the numerical value read on corresponding differential pressure pickup according to demand gets final product.
At semi-permeable plate of rock core end series connection, in order to meet the measurement requirement of low hole infiltration rock core, semi-permeable plate can adopt polyester water-wet material, and its breakthrough pressure is 1000psi.In the process of experiment, can adopt RCL(RCL is a kind of measurement resistances(resistance), capacitances(electric capacity) and the inductances(inductance) instrument) resistance measuring instrument measures rock core resistance in real time.Whole measuring process is preferably carried out under the condition of constant temperature, constant temperature can be realized by constant temperature oven.
As shown in Figure 5, it is an instantiation of this routine rock core measuring system, wherein, 1 means injection pump (being equivalent to 101 in Fig. 1), 2 mean suction pump (being equivalent to 103 in Fig. 1), 3 mean insulator, 4 mean the piston container, 5 mean core holding unit (being equivalent to 102 in Fig. 1), 6 mean hand valve 1, 7 mean hand valve 2, 8 mean hand valve 3, 9 mean RCL table (being equivalent to 105 in Fig. 1), 10 mean hand valve 4, 11 mean the lower range differential pressure pickup, range differential pressure pickup in 12 expressions, 13 mean the high range differential pressure pickup, 14 mean autovalve 1, 15 mean autovalve 2, 16 mean autovalve 3, 17 mean the confined pressure pump.
When measuring, by rock core to be measured and the semi-permeable plate core holding unit of packing into, first by piston container 4 to injected water in rock core to be measured until the water in rock core to be measured is in state of saturation, start confined pressure pump 17, apply certain confined pressure for core holding unit 5; Open hand valve 7,8,10, autovalve 14,15,16; Injection pump 1, suction pump 2 is set and is constant voltage mode, and injection pump 1 is set and suction pump 2 is identical force value, to set up the system pressure balance.Close hand valve 10, autovalve 14,15,16; It is constant speed mode that injection pump is set, and for example, the injection rate that injection pump can be set is 0.0001cc/min, and sampling interval is 5 seconds.System records the experimental datas such as pressure reduction, volume, rock core resistance automatically.After measuring, open hand valve 10, make the pressure of system restore balance; The confined pressure of unloading core holding unit 5, treat that liquid discharges complete, namely rock core can be taken out, and so far, the one-shot measurement process has just completed.If need to again measure, repeat aforesaid operations and get final product.That structure shown in Figure 5 has is rational in infrastructure, stable and reliable for performance, simple to operate, rock core capillary pressure and resistivity measurement precision is high, experiment information is abundant characteristics.
Concrete, can realize the measurement to resistivity and the capillary pressure of rock core according to step as shown in Figure 6:
Step 601: rock sample is prepared, and specifically can comprise:
1) core sample to be measured is made into to the right cylinder of end face parallel (0.005 inch of +/-), and rock core to be measured is carried out to washing oil, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching and dry the processing;
2) measure length and the diameter of sample and dividing plate, measure the rock core dry weight;
3) measure the porosity and permeability of rock core;
4) local water of use is to rock core vacuumizing by experiment, and water filling until saturated, is measured the weight in wet base of the rock core after saturated and the resistance of semi-permeable plate wherein.
Step 602: rock sample loads, and specifically can comprise:
1) instrument is checked, no problem to determine instrument, saturated rock core and semi-permeable plate are put into to the sleeve (dividing plate is placed on the rear end of rock core) of core holding unit and fixed;
2) associated line, circuit and all parts, fill in pipeline and container, vacuumize with full corresponding fluid (oil, gas or water);
3) open the confined pressure system, to rock core, load a certain size confined pressure.
Step 603: the constant speed displacement is measured, and specifically can comprise:
1) pump 1 and pump 2 is set and is constant voltage mode, and the pressure of setting pump 1 and pump 2 is a certain identical numerical value, after waiting for a period of time, the pressure reduction that makes the upper and lower two ends of rock core is zero to set up the system of a balance;
2) displacement pump pump 1 is set to constant speed mode, speed is 0.0001cc/min, and pump 2 keeps the previous constant voltage mode of setting, and by computer control software, sampling interval being set is 5 seconds, and then starts to carry out the Real-time Collection of constant speed displacement and data.Wherein, pump 2 employing constant voltage modes have guaranteed the constant pressure of rock core endpiece, and pump 1 is constant speed mode, also with regard to the pressure of saying the rock core entrance point, changes, thereby can effectively monitor out the variation of rock core two ends pressure reduction.
3) in the constant speed displacement process, computer control software records the data such as resistance, temperature at the reading of pressure, the differential pressure pickup of pressure, the pump 2 of accumulated change, the pump 1 of accumulated change, pump 2 volumes of pump 1 volume in experimentation, rock core two ends that R CL resistance measuring instrument records according to the sampling interval of setting.These data can transfer in computer by data line, the above-mentioned data of control software Real-time Collection in computer.
Step 604: Data Management Analysis specifically can comprise:
During 1) according to the accumulated change of the accumulated change of the reading of the differential pressure pickup that collects, pump 1 volume, pump 2 volumes and constant speed displacement, the acquiring method of capillary pressure calculates hole, venturi and total capillary pressure curve;
2) according to the accumulated change of pump 1 volume, the accumulated change of pump 2 volumes, the resistance variations at rock core two ends, can obtain the resistance Magnification curve in the constant speed displacement process; The pore structure characteristic that the capillary pressure that utilization obtains and resistance Magnification curve can further be analyzed reservoir rock and the pore texture rule on the rock resistivity impact.
According to above-mentioned rock core measuring method, the relation of the resulting rock core capillary pressure of combined measurement mode of employing constant speed displacement resistivity, capillary pressure and non-wetting phase volume (being the accumulated change of pump 1 volume) can be as shown in Figure 7 in the process of measuring.In the process of constant speed displacement, increase along with non-wetting phase saturation degree, the pressure differential temporal evolution at the upper and lower two ends of rock core, due to non-wetting phase (oil or gas) while by venturi, entering hole, the pressure produced will descend, therefore, pressure reduction in whole experimentation, be not as shown in Figure 7 all the time (namely in time, the volume of the non-wetting phase of rock core is advanced in displacement) increase increase, after partly being amplified, Fig. 7 square frame can obtain schematic diagram as shown in Figure 8, wherein in Fig. 8, the corresponding curve of square frame is the schematic diagram after the curve magnification in square frame in Fig. 7, pressure reduction not is in the state of increase always as seen from Figure 8, but be in the state that fluctuation is risen, this is exactly mainly the reason alternately occurred due to venturi and hole, wherein, pressure reduction line segment from low to high represents the information of pore throat, and the information of the reflection of line segment from high to low hole.
The corresponding relation between total capillary pressure of obtaining after data are processed (Fig. 9 Zhong “ – – " corresponding curve), hole capillary pressure (curve corresponding to "---" in Fig. 9), venturi capillary pressure (Fig. 9 Zhong “ – – " corresponding curve) and core oil saturation as shown in Figure 9.Then, the total capillary pressure curve of recycling just can obtain the corresponding pore structural information of conventional capillary pressure curve; Utilize hole capillary pressure curve and venturi capillary pressure curve to transform and can obtain throat radius distribution histogram as shown in figure 10, pore radius distribution histogram as shown in figure 11, these information are only according to conventional capillary pressure curve, can't obtain.Resistance Magnification and the corresponding relation between water saturation that the data that measure by above-mentioned rock core measuring system are drawn out can be as shown in figure 12 (wherein, n=1.7767, b=0.9909, n shows saturation exponent, b means lithology factor, n and b are the data that experiment obtains), curve as shown in figure 12 meets formation resistivity (RI) with water saturation (S
w) rule that changes
It can be said that bright above-mentioned rock core measuring system with its corresponding measuring method be rational.
By the method for the above-mentioned constant speed displacement process combined measurement resistivity of the embodiment of the present invention and capillary pressure, can obtain simultaneously the relevant information of the pore textures such as resistivity, pore constriction and pore-body of rock core, research has great importance to complicated reservoirs rock electricity rule for this.In addition, the method can also solve the problem that the experimental data point existed in conventional constant-pressure drop resistivity and capillary pressure union measuring method is few, experimental period is long.
From above description, can find out, the embodiment of the present invention has realized following technique effect: be provided with injection pump in the rock core measuring system, suction pump, differential pressure pickup and resistivity measurement unit, the non-wetting phase of injection pump constant speed displacement is in rock core, then by originally fluid displacement in rock core to suction pump, and in the process of displacement, obtain the pressure differential at rock core two ends by differential pressure pickup, thereby obtain the related data of rock core to realize the measurement to rock core, adopt the mode of constant speed displacement can obtain the continuous pressure curve resistivity of measurement rock core in the process of displacement simultaneously, thereby can solve in correlation technique and to adopt the constant-pressure drop method to measure rock core and the rock core resistivity of can't determining simultaneously that causes reaches the information of the hole be connected with venturi, the few technical matters of data point obtained, simultaneously compared to the constant-pressure drop method, also shortened measuring period.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that, above-mentioned each module of the present invention or each step can realize with general calculation element, they can concentrate on single calculation element, perhaps be distributed on the network that a plurality of calculation elements form, alternatively, they can be realized with the executable program code of calculation element, thereby, they can be stored in memory storage and be carried out by calculation element, and in some cases, can carry out step shown or that describe with the order be different from herein, perhaps they are made into respectively to each integrated circuit modules, perhaps a plurality of modules in them or step being made into to the single integrated circuit module realizes.Like this, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a rock core measuring system, is characterized in that, comprising: core holding unit, injection pump, suction pump, differential pressure pickup and resistivity measurement unit, wherein:
Described core holding unit, for fixedly putting into the rock core to be measured of described core holding unit;
Described injection pump, be connected with the fluid inlet of described core holding unit, for according to the non-wetting phase of constant speed displacement, entering the rock core to be measured that is fixed on described core holding unit, with displacement, goes out the fluid of script in described rock core to be measured;
Described suction pump, be connected with the fluid outlet of described core holding unit, the rock core described to be measured fluid originally gone out by displacement for collecting described rock core to be measured;
Described differential pressure pickup, two ends are connected with described fluid outlet with described fluid inlet respectively, be used to measuring described rock core to be measured by the fluid pressure differential at the two ends of rock core to be measured described in the process of displacement;
Described resistivity measurement unit, be connected with the rock core to be measured in described core holding unit, be used to measuring described rock core to be measured by the resistivity of rock core to be measured described in the process of displacement.
2. rock core measuring system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described differential pressure pickup comprises a plurality of differential pressure pickups that range in parallel is different.
3. rock core measuring system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises: the confined pressure pump, with the sidewall of described core holding unit, be connected, and be used to described core holding unit that the pressure of fixing described rock core to be measured is provided.
4. rock core measuring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described core holding unit, be provided with the fluid that allows in rock core described to be measured that described rock core to be measured gone out by displacement originally by and forbid the semi-permeable plate that described non-wetting phase passes through, wherein, described semi-permeable plate is arranged on the end of described rock core to be measured.
5. rock core measuring system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises: first liquid reservoir and second liquid reservoir, wherein:
The first liquid reservoir, be connected with the fluid inlet of described core holding unit, for reading the volume of the non-wetting phase flowed out from described injection pump;
The second liquid reservoir, be connected with the fluid outlet of described core holding unit, for reading the volume of the rock core described to be measured fluid originally that described rock core to be measured gone out by displacement.
6. rock core measuring system as described as any one in claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that, described non-wetting phase comprises: gas and/or oil.
7. a rock core measuring method, is characterized in that, comprising:
Non-wetting phase is advanced to rock core to be measured with constant speed displacement, with displacement, go out the fluid of script in described rock core to be measured;
Obtain the fluid pressure differential at the two ends of rock core to be measured described in displacement process;
According to following information, determine the radius distribution of venturi of described rock core to be measured and/or the radius distribution of hole: the volume of the described non-wetting phase of described rock core to be measured is advanced in displacement, in the rock core described to be measured gone out by displacement originally the volume of fluid and displacement process described in the fluid pressure differential at rock core to be measured two ends.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, determines that the radius distribution of venturi of described rock core to be measured and/or the radius distribution of hole comprise:
The capillary pressure curve of described venturi is converted to the radius distribution histogram of described venturi; And/or
The capillary pressure curve of described hole is converted to the radius distribution histogram of described hole.
9. method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described method also comprises:
According to following information, calculate described rock core to be measured and increased curve by the resistivity at the two ends of rock core to be measured described in displacement process: in the rock core described to be measured that displacement advances the volume of the described non-wetting phase of described rock core to be measured, gone out by displacement originally the volume of fluid and displacement process described in the resistivity of rock core to be measured;
According to the capillary pressure curve of the capillary pressure curve of described venturi, described hole and described resistivity, increase curve and obtain the impact of the structure of the venturi of described rock core to be measured and hole on described rock core resistivity to be measured.
10. method as claimed in claim 8 or 9, is characterized in that, also comprises:
According to following information, calculate the capillary pressure curve of described venturi and described hole: in the rock core described to be measured that displacement advances the volume of the described non-wetting phase of described rock core to be measured, gone out by displacement originally the volume of fluid and displacement process described in the pressure differential at rock core to be measured two ends.
11. method as described as any one in claim 7 to 9, is characterized in that, described non-wetting phase comprises: gas and/or oil.
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