CN103411749B - A kind of for studying the experimental provision and experimental technique thereof inducing smoke evacuation system - Google Patents
A kind of for studying the experimental provision and experimental technique thereof inducing smoke evacuation system Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于研究诱导排烟系统的实验装置，包括导流管道，其两端口安装插板或排烟装置，导流管道内放置火源或污染源，射流风机安装在导流管道的内壁上，用于测量温度的热电偶、用于测量速度的热线风速仪以及用于测量热流的热流计的测量探针插入导流管道内的测量点位置处，所述射流风机采用轴流风扇。本发明还公开了一种用于研究诱导排烟系统的实验装置的实验方法。本发明选用由轴流风扇和不锈钢管自制成的射流风机，制作成本低，导流管道的形状、长度，出风和进风口的形状及位置都可以根据实验需要设置，便于实验参数的研究。本发明不仅可以做诱导通风系统流场的研究，也可以研究诱导排烟系统或火灾时诱导通风对火蔓延的影响。
The invention relates to an experimental device for researching an induced smoke exhaust system, which comprises a diversion pipe, two ports of which are installed with plugboards or smoke exhaust devices, a fire source or a pollution source is placed in the diversion pipe, and a jet fan is installed at the end of the diversion pipe. On the inner wall, the measuring probes of the thermocouple for measuring temperature, the hot wire anemometer for measuring speed, and the heat flow meter for measuring heat flow are inserted into the position of the measuring point in the diversion duct, and the jet fan adopts an axial fan . The invention also discloses an experimental method for studying the experimental device of the induced smoke exhaust system. The present invention selects the self-manufactured jet fan made of axial fan and stainless steel pipe, which has low production cost, and the shape and length of the diversion pipe, the shape and position of the air outlet and air inlet can be set according to the experimental needs, which is convenient for the research of experimental parameters . The invention can not only study the flow field of the induced ventilation system, but also can study the influence of the induced ventilation system on the fire spread during the induced smoke exhaust system or fire.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及安全科学与工程实验设备领域，尤其是一种用于研究诱导排烟系统的实验装置及其实验方法。 The invention relates to the field of safety science and engineering experimental equipment, in particular to an experimental device and an experimental method for studying an induced smoke exhaust system.
背景技术 Background technique
诱导排烟系统的作用原理一方面是利用射流风机产生的高速射流扰动周围气体，而在一定空间内获得流速场以阻止烟气纵向和横向的流动；另一方面利用射流将烟气诱导至空间一侧通过机械或自然排烟口将烟气排出。《土木建筑与环境工程》（2009，31（6），67页）介绍了研究水平隧道诱导排烟的1/20缩小尺寸实验装置，由于隧道模型较为特殊，其截面宽度远远小于隧道长度，因此可以将流场近似为一维的，该文只是研究控制烟气纵向逆流的临界风速，射流风机的流场是通过隧道洞口集中送风形成均匀的风速面，没有布置射流风机。《北京建筑工程学院学报》（2009，25（2），14-15页）介绍了研究建筑通道内临界通风速度的实验台，同样也是狭长的通道，并没有研究临界风速在宽度方向上对烟气流动的阻挡作用。《暖通空调》（2007，37（12），10页）介绍了地下车库诱导通风系统流场特性研究实验台，实验台是选取大空间内的一块区域为研究对象，射流风机布置在大空间内部，选用的是智能型YFA-3Z(W)诱导通风器，但工程用的射流风机和诱导通风器尺寸大并且风机的出口风速、喷口形状以及气流流向都是固定的，很难适应实验研究中参数的改变而作出相应的调整。 The function principle of the induced smoke exhaust system is to use the high-speed jet generated by the jet fan to disturb the surrounding gas, and obtain the flow velocity field in a certain space to prevent the vertical and horizontal flow of the smoke; on the other hand, use the jet to induce the smoke into the space. One side exhausts the smoke through mechanical or natural smoke exhaust. "Civil Architecture and Environmental Engineering" (2009, 31 (6), page 67) introduced a 1/20 scale-down experimental device for studying induced smoke exhaust in horizontal tunnels. Due to the special tunnel model, its section width is much smaller than the tunnel length. Therefore, the flow field can be approximated as one-dimensional. This paper only studies the critical wind speed for controlling the longitudinal counterflow of flue gas. The flow field of the jet fan is to form a uniform wind speed surface through the centralized air supply through the tunnel opening, and no jet fan is arranged. "Journal of Beijing Institute of Architectural Engineering" (2009, 25 (2), pp. 14-15) introduces the experimental platform for studying the critical ventilation velocity in the building passage, which is also a long and narrow passage, and does not study the critical wind velocity on the smoke in the width direction. Obstruction of air flow. "Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning" (2007, 37 (12), page 10) introduces the experimental bench for the study of the flow field characteristics of the induced ventilation system in the underground garage. The experimental bench selects an area in a large space as the research object, and the jet fan is arranged in the large space. Inside, the intelligent YFA-3Z(W) induction ventilator is selected, but the jet fan and induction ventilator used in engineering are large in size and the outlet wind speed, nozzle shape and air flow direction of the fan are fixed, so it is difficult to adapt to the experimental research Adjust accordingly for changes in the parameters.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的首要目的在于提供一种不仅可以研究射流风机对烟气的纵向抑流作用，还可以研究射流风机对横向烟气蔓延的阻挡情况、便于根据实验研究中参数的改变而作出相应调整的用于研究诱导排烟系统的实验装置。 The primary purpose of the present invention is to provide a device that can not only study the vertical restraint effect of the jet fan on the flue gas, but also study the resistance of the jet fan to the spread of the horizontal smoke gas, and facilitate corresponding adjustments according to the changes in the parameters in the experimental research. Experimental setup for the study of induced smoke extraction systems.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用了以下技术方案：一种用于研究诱导排烟系统的实验装置，包括导流管道，其两端口安装插板或排烟装置，导流管道内放置火源或污染源，射流风机安装在导流管道的内壁上，用于测量温度的热电偶、用于测量速度的热线风速仪以及用于测量热流的热流计的测量探针插入导流管道内的测量点位置处，所述射流风机采用轴流风扇；所述导流管道的两端口的内壁上设置插槽，左、右插板插入该插槽内，导流管道及左、右插板共同围成密闭空腔；所述排烟装置由分别安装在导流管道左、右两端口的送风机和排烟风机组成；所述导流管道由顶板、底板和侧壁组成，顶板上设置横向滑轨和纵向滑轨，射流风机通过挂钩悬挂在横向滑轨和纵向滑轨上，所述底板上安装支撑架，支撑架顶端设置用于放置火源或污染源的油盘，支撑架的底端由导流管道内伸出，电子称安装在支撑架的底端上，底板上开设检修孔；所述射流风机为小型的直流或交流轴流风扇，轴流风扇置于不锈钢弯管或不锈钢圆管内，不锈钢弯管或不锈钢圆管管体的两端设置过滤网，射流风机的出风口朝向火源或污染源；所述热电偶、热线风速仪以及热流计的测量探针与数据采集系统的信号输入端口相连；所述射流风机的电源线通过导流管道的侧壁引出且外接调频装置；所述插板采用防火板；所述顶板采用防火板或防火玻璃，所述底板采用防火板，所述侧壁采用防火玻璃，防火板及防火玻璃上标示刻度；所述顶板上设置观察窗，观察窗采用标示有刻度的防火玻璃。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: an experimental device for studying the induced smoke exhaust system, including a diversion duct, two ports of which are equipped with a plugboard or a smoke exhaust device, and a fire source or a smoke exhaust device is placed in the diversion duct The pollution source, the jet fan is installed on the inner wall of the diversion duct, the thermocouple for measuring the temperature, the hot wire anemometer for measuring the velocity, and the measuring probe of the calorimeter for measuring the heat flow are inserted into the position of the measuring point inside the diversion duct At the position, the jet fan adopts an axial fan; slots are arranged on the inner walls of the two ports of the diversion duct, and the left and right inserting plates are inserted into the slots, and the diversion duct and the left and right inserting plates together form a sealed Cavity; the smoke exhaust device is composed of a blower and a smoke exhaust fan installed at the left and right ports of the diversion duct; the diversion duct is composed of a top plate, a bottom plate and a side wall, and a horizontal slide rail and a longitudinal The slide rail, the jet fan is hung on the horizontal slide rail and the longitudinal slide rail through the hook, the support frame is installed on the bottom plate, the oil pan for placing the fire source or the pollution source is arranged on the top of the support frame, and the bottom end of the support frame is provided by the guide pipe The electronic scale is installed on the bottom of the support frame, and an inspection hole is opened on the bottom plate; the jet fan is a small DC or AC axial flow fan, and the axial flow fan is placed in a stainless steel elbow or a stainless steel round tube, and the stainless steel elbow The two ends of the pipe or the stainless steel round pipe body are provided with filter screens, and the air outlet of the jet fan faces the fire source or the pollution source; the measuring probes of the thermocouple, hot wire anemometer and heat flow meter are connected to the signal input port of the data acquisition system; The power line of the jet fan is led out through the side wall of the diversion pipe and connected to the frequency modulation device; the plug-in board is made of a fireproof board; the top board is made of a fireproof board or fireproof glass, the bottom board is made of a fireproof board, and the side wall is made of The fireproof glass, the fireproof board and the fireproof glass are marked with scales; the observation window is set on the top plate, and the observation window is made of fireproof glass marked with scales.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种用于研究诱导排烟系统的实验装置的实验方法，该方法包括下列顺序的步骤： Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of experimental method for the experimental device of research induced smoke exhaust system, this method comprises the steps of following order:
（1）打开检修孔，调整射流风机的布置及间距，在油盘内倒入火源或污染源，关闭检修孔并标定热电偶、热线风速仪和热流计，打开射流风机电源调节电压，标定射流风机出口风速； (1) Open the inspection hole, adjust the layout and spacing of the jet fans, pour the fire source or pollution source into the oil pan, close the inspection hole and calibrate the thermocouple, hot wire anemometer and heat flow meter, turn on the power supply of the jet fan to adjust the voltage, and calibrate the jet flow Fan outlet wind speed;
（2）将插板插入插槽或将排烟装置上电； (2) Insert the board into the slot or power on the exhaust device;
（3）打开外部摄像机并调整角度和焦距，通过检修孔引燃油盘内的火源或污染源，待预定时间开启射流风机； (3) Turn on the external camera and adjust the angle and focus, ignite the fire source or pollution source in the oil pan through the inspection hole, and turn on the jet fan after a predetermined time;
（4）当导流管道内流场稳定后通过防火玻璃上刻度记录烟气蔓延距离，通过热电偶、热线风速仪和热流计的数据输出记录导流管道内温度、速度以及热流参数；所述的将排烟装置上电是指：打开送风机，标定送风风速，打开排烟风机，标定排风风速。 (4) When the flow field in the diversion pipe is stable, record the smoke spread distance through the scale on the fireproof glass, and record the temperature, velocity and heat flow parameters in the diversion pipe through the data output of thermocouple, hot wire anemometer and heat flow meter; Powering on the smoke exhaust device refers to: turn on the blower, calibrate the supply air speed, turn on the smoke exhaust fan, and calibrate the exhaust wind speed.
由上述技术方案可知，本发明选用由轴流风扇和不锈钢管自制成的射流风机，制作成本低，导流管道的形状、长度，出风和进风口的形状及位置都可以根据实验需要设置，便于实验参数的研究；在导流管道内部布置用于放置火源或污染源的油盘以及用于测量速度、温度和热流的热电偶、热线风速仪和热流计测量探针，两端采用活动壁面，可以调节通风口大小或连接排烟装置。本发明不仅可以做诱导通风系统流场的研究，也可以研究诱导排烟系统或火灾时诱导通风对火蔓延的影响。 It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the present invention selects a self-made jet fan made of an axial fan and a stainless steel tube, and the manufacturing cost is low. The shape and length of the diversion pipe, the shape and the position of the air outlet and the air inlet can be set according to the needs of the experiment. , to facilitate the study of experimental parameters; the oil pan for placing fire or pollution sources, thermocouples, hot wire anemometers and heat flow meter measuring probes for measuring velocity, temperature and heat flow are arranged inside the diversion pipe, and the two ends adopt movable On the wall, you can adjust the size of the vent or connect the smoke exhaust device. The invention can not only study the flow field of the induced ventilation system, but also can study the influence of the induced ventilation system on the fire spread during the induced smoke exhaust system or fire.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例一的结构示意图； Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2是图1中射流风机的结构示意图； Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the jet fan in Fig. 1;
图3是图1中顶板、横向滑轨、纵向滑轨、插板、射流风机的结构示意图； Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view of the top plate, the transverse slide rail, the longitudinal slide rail, the insert plate and the jet fan in Fig. 1;
图4是本发明实施例二的仰视方向的结构示意图； Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the looking up direction of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图5是图4中射流风机的结构示意图。 Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the jet fan in Fig. 4 .
具体实施方式 detailed description
一种用于研究诱导排烟系统的实验装置，包括导流管道，其两端口安装插板7或排烟装置，导流管道内放置火源或污染源，射流风机6安装在导流管道的内壁上，用于测量温度的热电偶11、用于测量速度的热线风速仪10以及用于测量热流的热流计12的测量探针插入导流管道内的测量点位置处，所述射流风机6采用轴流风扇，如图1、4所示，所述插板7采用防火板。 An experimental device for studying the induced smoke exhaust system, including a diversion duct, two ports of which are installed with a plugboard 7 or a smoke exhaust device, a fire source or a pollution source is placed in the diversion duct, and a jet fan 6 is installed on the inner wall of the diversion duct On, the thermocouple 11 for measuring the temperature, the hot wire anemometer 10 for measuring the speed and the measuring probe of the heat flow meter 12 for measuring the heat flow are inserted into the position of the measuring point in the diversion duct, and the jet fan 6 adopts As for the axial fan, as shown in Figures 1 and 4, the insert plate 7 is a fireproof board.
如图1所示，所述导流管道的两端口的内壁上设置插槽14，左、右插板7插入该插槽14内，导流管道及左、右插板7共同围成密闭空腔；如图4所示，所述排烟装置由分别安装在导流管道左、右两端口的送风机16和排烟风机17组成。所述射流风机6为小型的直流或交流轴流风扇，轴流风扇置于不锈钢方管18或不锈钢圆管19内，不锈钢方管18或不锈钢圆管19管体的两端设置过滤网15，过滤网15能够实现均流功能，射流风机6的出风口朝向火源或污染源，图2所示为不锈钢方管18，图5所示为不锈钢圆管19。 As shown in Figure 1, slots 14 are arranged on the inner walls of the two ports of the diversion pipe, and the left and right inserting plates 7 are inserted into the slots 14, and the diversion duct and the left and right inserting plates 7 jointly form an airtight space. cavity; as shown in Figure 4, the smoke exhaust device is composed of a blower 16 and a smoke exhaust fan 17 respectively installed at the left and right ports of the diversion duct. The jet fan 6 is a small DC or AC axial flow fan, the axial flow fan is placed in a stainless steel square tube 18 or a stainless steel round tube 19, and the two ends of the stainless steel square tube 18 or stainless steel round tube 19 are provided with filter screens 15, Filter screen 15 can realize flow equalization function, and the air outlet of jet fan 6 faces fire source or pollution source, and Fig. 2 shows stainless steel square tube 18, and Fig. 5 shows stainless steel circular tube 19.
如图1、2、3、4所示，所述导流管道由顶板3、底板1和侧壁2组成，顶板3上设置横向滑轨4和纵向滑轨5，射流风机6通过挂钩悬挂在横向滑轨4和纵向滑轨5上，所述底板1上安装支撑架9，支撑架9顶端设置用于放置火源或污染源的油盘8，支撑架9的底端由导流管道内伸出，电子称13安装在支撑架9的底端上，底板1上开设检修孔。所述热电偶11、热线风速仪10以及热流计12的测量探针与数据采集系统的信号输入端口相连；所述射流风机6的电源线通过导流管道的侧壁2引出且外接调频装置。所述顶板3采用防火板或防火玻璃，所述底板1采用防火板，所述侧壁2采用防火玻璃，防火板及防火玻璃上标示刻度。所述顶板3上设置观察窗，观察窗采用标示有刻度的防火玻璃。 As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, the guide duct is composed of a top plate 3, a bottom plate 1 and a side wall 2, a horizontal slide rail 4 and a longitudinal slide rail 5 are arranged on the top plate 3, and the jet fan 6 is hung on the top plate by a hook. On the horizontal slide rail 4 and the longitudinal slide rail 5, a support frame 9 is installed on the base plate 1, and the top of the support frame 9 is provided with an oil pan 8 for placing a fire source or a pollution source, and the bottom end of the support frame 9 is extended from the guide pipe Out, the electronic scale 13 is installed on the bottom of the support frame 9, and the base plate 1 is provided with an inspection hole. The measuring probes of the thermocouple 11, the hot wire anemometer 10 and the heat flow meter 12 are connected to the signal input port of the data acquisition system; the power line of the jet fan 6 is drawn out through the side wall 2 of the diversion pipe and externally connected to a frequency modulation device. The top plate 3 is made of fireproof board or fireproof glass, the bottom plate 1 is made of fireproof board, the side wall 2 is made of fireproof glass, and the scale is marked on the fireproof board and fireproof glass. An observation window is arranged on the top plate 3, and the observation window adopts fireproof glass marked with scales.
在进行实验时，其实验步骤如下： When carrying out the experiment, its experimental steps are as follows:
（1）打开检修孔，调整射流风机的布置及间距，在油盘内倒入火源或污染源，关闭检修孔并标定热电偶、热线风速仪和热流计，打开射流风机电源调节电压，标定射流风机出口风速； (1) Open the inspection hole, adjust the layout and spacing of the jet fans, pour the fire source or pollution source into the oil pan, close the inspection hole and calibrate the thermocouple, hot wire anemometer and heat flow meter, turn on the power supply of the jet fan to adjust the voltage, and calibrate the jet flow Fan outlet wind speed;
（2）将插板插入插槽或将排烟装置上电；所述的将排烟装置上电是指：打开送风机，标定送风风速，打开排烟风机，标定排风风速； (2) Insert the plugboard into the slot or power on the smoke exhaust device; the power on the smoke exhaust device refers to: turn on the blower, calibrate the air supply speed, turn on the smoke exhaust fan, and calibrate the exhaust wind speed;
（3）打开外部摄像机并调整角度和焦距，通过检修孔引燃油盘内的火源或污染源，待预定时间开启射流风机； (3) Turn on the external camera and adjust the angle and focus, ignite the fire source or pollution source in the oil pan through the inspection hole, and turn on the jet fan after a predetermined time;
（4）当导流管道内流场稳定后通过防火玻璃上刻度记录烟气蔓延距离，通过热电偶、热线风速仪和热流计的数据输出记录导流管道内温度、速度以及热流参数。 (4) When the flow field in the diversion pipe is stable, record the spread distance of the smoke through the scale on the fireproof glass, and record the temperature, velocity and heat flow parameters in the diversion pipe through the data output of the thermocouple, hot wire anemometer and heat flow meter.
实施例一 Embodiment one
如图1、2、3所示，本实施例用于研究缩小比例为1：10的长方形地下车库诱导排烟系统的实验装置，导流管道是壁面由耐高温材料组成的两端有通风口的长方体密闭空腔。底板1采用防火板，侧壁2及顶板3用防火玻璃制成，防火板以及防火玻璃上均标有刻度；射流风机6为自制小型射流风机如图2所示，选用边长6cm的直流轴流散热风扇20，置于总长度为20cm的L弯型不锈钢方管18内，不锈钢方管18两端设置过滤网15，射流风机6的出风口面朝火源方向，射流风机6的吸风口面朝下方；射流风机6悬挂在顶板3的三条横向滑轨4上，如图3所示，三条横向滑轨4可以调节射流风机6的横向间距，射流风机6的纵向间距也可以通过在纵向滑轨5上滑动调节。 As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, this embodiment is used to study the experimental device of the induced smoke exhaust system of a rectangular underground garage with a reduction ratio of 1:10. The diversion pipe is made of high-temperature resistant materials with vents at both ends. The cuboid airtight cavity. Bottom plate 1 is made of fireproof board, side wall 2 and top plate 3 are made of fireproof glass, and the fireproof board and fireproof glass are marked with scales; jet fan 6 is a self-made small jet fan as shown in Figure 2, and a DC shaft with a side length of 6cm is selected. Flow heat dissipation fan 20 is placed in the L-shaped stainless steel square tube 18 with a total length of 20 cm, filter screen 15 is arranged at the two ends of stainless steel square tube 18, the air outlet of jet fan 6 faces the fire source direction, and the air suction port of jet fan 6 Facing downward; the jet fan 6 is suspended on the three transverse slide rails 4 of the top plate 3, as shown in Figure 3, the three transverse slide rails 4 can adjust the transverse spacing of the jet fan 6, and the longitudinal spacing of the jet fan 6 can also be passed in the longitudinal direction. Sliding adjustment on slide rail 5.
本实施例中燃料采用煤油，从检修孔引燃。实验时，首先打开检修孔V1、V2，调整射流风机6布置形式和间距，放置火源，然后选取合适开口的插板7插入两端插槽14内固定；关闭检修孔V1、V2，标定热线风速仪10、热电偶11、热流计12等测量仪器，打开射流风机6的电源调节其电压，标定射流风机6的出口风速；之后关闭射流风机6的电源，确保除通风口处所有洞口已关闭，打开导流通道外部的摄像机并调整其角度和焦距，通过检修孔V2引燃油盘8内燃料开始实验；待预定时间到，开启射流风机6；当导流通道内流场稳定后，通过防火玻璃上标尺可记录烟气蔓延距离，通过测量装置的数据输出可记录实验台内温度、速度以及热流等参数。 Fuel adopts kerosene among the present embodiment, ignites from inspection hole. During the experiment, first open the inspection holes V1 and V2, adjust the layout and spacing of the jet fans 6, place the fire source, and then select a suitable opening plate 7 and insert it into the slots 14 at both ends to fix it; close the inspection holes V1 and V2, and calibrate the hot wire Measuring instruments such as anemometer 10, thermocouple 11, and heat flow meter 12, turn on the power supply of jet fan 6 to adjust its voltage, and calibrate the outlet wind speed of jet fan 6; then turn off the power supply of jet fan 6 to ensure that all holes except the vents are closed , turn on the camera outside the diversion channel and adjust its angle and focus, start the experiment by igniting the fuel in the oil pan 8 through the inspection hole V2; when the scheduled time is up, turn on the jet fan 6; The scale on the glass can record the spread distance of smoke, and the temperature, speed and heat flow in the test bench can be recorded through the data output of the measuring device.
由于射流风机6的布置方式和间距可以改变，射流风机6的风速可变频控制，两端通风口可调节尺寸，如果接机械排烟装置排烟量也可以调整，火源功率也可通过选取不同大小的油盘调节，因此本实施例可以测得不同敏感参数对诱导排烟效果的影响。 Since the arrangement and spacing of the jet fan 6 can be changed, the wind speed of the jet fan 6 can be controlled by variable frequency, the size of the vents at both ends can be adjusted, and the smoke output can also be adjusted if a mechanical smoke exhaust device is connected, and the power of the fire source can also be adjusted by selecting different The size of the oil pan is adjusted, so this embodiment can measure the influence of different sensitive parameters on the induced smoke exhaust effect.
实施例二 Embodiment two
如图4所示，本实施例为缩小比例为1：8的L型室内车道诱导排烟实验装置，导流通道是壁面由耐高温材料组成的L型密闭空腔。底板1和顶板3采用防火板，四周侧壁2采用防火玻璃制成，防火板以及防火玻璃上均标有刻度，顶板3上留有透明观察窗，观察窗用防火玻璃制成。射流风机6如图5所示，选用直径8cm的直流轴流散热风扇20，外套长度为25cm的不锈钢圆筒19，不锈钢圆筒19一端为渐缩式出风口，两端设置过滤网15。 As shown in Figure 4, this embodiment is an L-shaped indoor driveway induced smoke exhaust experimental device with a reduction ratio of 1:8. The diversion channel is an L-shaped airtight cavity whose walls are made of high-temperature-resistant materials. Bottom plate 1 and top plate 3 are made of fireproof boards, and surrounding side walls 2 are made of fireproof glass. The fireproof board and fireproof glass are marked with scales. There is a transparent observation window on the top plate 3, and the observation window is made of fireproof glass. Jet blower 6 is shown in Figure 5, selects the DC axial flow cooling fan 20 of diameter 8cm for use, the stainless steel cylinder 19 that jacket length is 25cm, and one end of stainless steel cylinder 19 is tapered air outlet, and filter screen 15 is arranged at both ends.
实验时，首先打开检修孔V1、V2、V3，悬挂射流风机6，并放入油盘8，然后关闭检修孔V1、V2、V3，标定热线风速仪10、热电偶11、热流计12等测量仪器，打开射流风机6的电源调节其电压，标定射流风机6的出口风速后关闭电源；打开送风机16，标定送风风速，打开排烟风机17标定排风风速；确保除通风口处所有洞口已关闭，打开导流管道外部摄像机并调整其角度和焦距，通过检修孔V2引燃油盘8内燃料开始实验；待预定时间到开启射流风机6；当实验台内流场稳定后通过防火玻璃上标尺可记录烟气蔓延距离，通过测量装置的数据输出可记录实验台内温度、速度以及热流等参数。 During the experiment, firstly open the inspection holes V1, V2, V3, hang the jet fan 6, and put it into the oil pan 8, then close the inspection holes V1, V2, V3, calibrate the hot wire anemometer 10, thermocouple 11, heat flow meter 12 and other measurements Instrument, turn on the power supply of jet fan 6 to adjust its voltage, and then turn off the power after calibrating the outlet wind speed of jet fan 6; turn on the blower fan 16, calibrate the air supply wind speed, turn on the smoke exhaust fan 17 to calibrate the exhaust wind speed; ensure that all the holes except the vents are closed Close, turn on the external camera of the diversion pipe and adjust its angle and focus, start the experiment by igniting the fuel in the oil pan 8 through the inspection hole V2; wait for the predetermined time to turn on the jet fan 6; when the flow field in the test bench is stable, put the scale through the fireproof glass The smoke spread distance can be recorded, and parameters such as temperature, speed and heat flow in the test bench can be recorded through the data output of the measuring device.
本实施例中开启射流风机6的数量，射流风机6的布置形式，射流风速的大小，送风风速以及排风风速的大小均可以调节，火源功率也可以通过选取不同大小的油盘8进行改变。 In the present embodiment, the quantity of the jet fan 6 is opened, the layout of the jet fan 6, the size of the jet wind speed, the wind speed of the air supply and the size of the exhaust wind speed can be adjusted, and the power of the fire source can also be adjusted by selecting oil pans 8 of different sizes. Change.
综上所述，本发明选用由轴流风扇和不锈钢管自制成的射流风机6，制作成本低，导流管道的形状、长度，出风和进风口的形状及位置都可以根据实验需要设置，便于实验参数的研究；在导流管道内部布置用于放置火源或污染源的油盘8以及用于测量速度、温度和热流的热电偶11、热线风速仪10和热流计12测量探针，两端采用活动壁面，可以调节通风口大小或连接排烟装置。本发明不仅可以做诱导通风系统流场的研究，也可以研究诱导排烟系统或火灾时诱导通风对火蔓延的影响。 In summary, the present invention selects the self-made jet fan 6 made of an axial fan and a stainless steel tube, and the manufacturing cost is low. The shape and length of the diversion pipe, the shape and the position of the air outlet and the air inlet can be set according to the needs of the experiment. , to facilitate the research of experimental parameters; the oil pan 8 for placing the fire source or pollution source and the thermocouple 11 for measuring velocity, temperature and heat flow, the hot wire anemometer 10 and the heat flow meter 12 measuring probes are arranged inside the diversion pipe, Both ends adopt movable walls, which can adjust the size of the vent or connect the smoke exhaust device. The invention can not only study the flow field of the induced ventilation system, but also can study the influence of the induced ventilation system on the fire spread during the induced smoke exhaust system or fire.
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