CN103404297A - Electrically-driven intelligent combine-harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrically driven intelligent combine harvester, which belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. Use multiple AC motors to drive the working device and traveling device, set up different sensors to detect the working status and operation of each part of the harvester, and then send the signal to the central control system for processing and control, so that the harvester works in the best state. The use of the motor greatly simplifies the structure of the transmission, improves reliability, and is easy to realize automatic control, reducing the pollution generated by the work of the harvester. The use of sensors reduces the labor intensity of the driver and realizes the intelligence of the combine harvester.

Description

An electric drive intelligent combine harvester

technical field

An electrically driven intelligent combine harvester belongs to the field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

Grain combine harvesters are playing an increasingly important role in agricultural production. However, at present, my country's grain combine harvesters have many transmission parts, complex transmission devices, long transmission lines, and mostly use belt transmission and chain transmission, which have poor reliability and low efficiency. In addition, the deformation of the harvester during use will also lead to frequent failures.

The grain combine harvester is complex to operate, the driver is labor-intensive, the working conditions are harsh, and the degree of intelligence is low.

During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, China's Ministry of Science and Technology invested 880 million yuan to fully launch the 863 major scientific and technological projects for electric vehicles, and formulated an overall R&D layout of "three verticals and three horizontals", providing favorable conditions for the development of electric drive vehicles. After years of exploration and hard work, my country has successively made breakthroughs in the three key technologies of new energy vehicle batteries, motors, and electronic controls, and has begun industrialization.

With the rapid development of computer technology, electronic technology, and automatic control technology, it is very necessary to use these advanced technologies to carry out technical transformation on traditional harvesters, update them, realize their electrification, and improve their intelligence and automation.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, provides a kind of electrically driven intelligent combine harvester. The invention uses an AC motor instead of an internal combustion engine, greatly simplifies the transmission structure, increases reliability, reduces failure rate, and makes the harvester easy to control. It detects its working conditions through various sensors installed on it, so that it can realize intelligent automatic control. This solves the problems of high labor intensity, poor working conditions and low intelligence of the driver.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

On the basis of the traditional harvester structure, an electric drive intelligent combine harvester is composed of an AC motor instead of an internal combustion engine as a power source and an intelligent control system.

The hardware system of the present invention should include: video camera, AC motor I, alarm device, grain elevator speed sensor, grain water content sensor, AC power supply, grain loss rate sensor, AC motor II, AC motor III, AC motor IV, centrifugal Fan speed sensor, front drive axle, detachment drum speed sensor, header height sensor, grain moisture content sensor, feeding amount sensor, reel position sensor, obstacle recognition sensor, reel speed sensor, AC motor V, travel Speed sensor, AC motor VI, reduction box, differential gear, AC motor VII; the camera is installed under the cab to obtain the image information of the grain in front; the alarm device is installed in the cab; the grain contains water The rate sensor is installed in the grain water content sampling channel of the grain tank; the grain loss rate sensor is installed at one end of the draft device; the header height sensor is installed on the header lift cylinder; the grain moisture sensor is installed in the In the grain moisture content sampling channel of the inclined conveyor; the feeding amount sensor is installed under the chain rake; the reel position sensor is installed on the reel lifting cylinder; Five are installed at intervals; the walking speed sensor is installed in the reduction box; the AC motor VI is connected with the reduction box and the differential; the AC motor V is connected with the reel driving end through a chain; the AC motor VII The chain is connected to the driving end of the feeding auger, the driving end of the inclined conveyor, and the driving end of the cutter; the AC motor IV is connected to the centrifugal fan; the AC motor III is connected to the driving end of the grain elevator and the upper and lower sieves ; The AC motor II is connected to the driving end of the draft device, and can drive the hydraulic pump at the same time; the AC motor I is connected to the driving end of the detached roller.

Working principle of the present invention:

AC motor I drives the detachment drum, and a detachment drum speed sensor is installed to detect and control the detachment drum's speed; AC motor II drives the draft mover, its speed changes little, and can drive the hydraulic pump at the same time to supply oil to the oil circuit ; AC motor III drives the grain elevator and each auger (not shown), the upper and lower screens, and the speed sensor of the grain elevator is installed at the same time, which is used to detect and control the grain elevator and each auger (not shown) The speed of the centrifugal fan is driven by the AC motor IV, and a centrifugal fan speed sensor is installed to detect and control the speed of the centrifugal fan; the AC motor V drives the reel to rotate, and the reel speed sensor is installed at the same time. The reel position sensor is installed on the reel lifting cylinder, which is used to detect the reel speed and position, and adjust the reel speed and position according to the feeding amount and grain height; the AC motor VI is connected to the reducer and the front drive of the harvester Bridge, and a walking speed sensor is installed in the reducer to detect and control the walking speed of the harvester to change the feeding amount; AC motor VII drives the feeding auger, inclined conveyor, and cutter; the video captured by the camera Grain image information in front and calculation of grain height; grain moisture content sensor and feeding amount sensor are installed in the inclined conveyor to detect the moisture content and feeding amount of the fed grain straw for control needs; installed in the grain tank There is a grain moisture content sensor, which is used to detect the moisture content of grains for control needs; a grain loss rate sensor is installed at the end of the stepper, which compares the grain loss rate with the calibration value, and can manually adjust the work of the stepper Speed, when the loss rate is too large, an alarm signal will be sent; a header height sensor is installed on the lifting cylinder of the header cylinder to detect the height of the header, and adjust the height of the header according to the height of the grain in front and the lodging situation; the front end of the header An obstacle recognition sensor is installed, and when an obstacle is detected in front, it sends out an alarm signal; the power supply can convert direct current into alternating current through an inverter for use by each motor.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of:

1) The present invention uses electric energy to drive the grain combine harvester, reduces the pollution generated by the work of the harvester, and makes it easy to realize automatic control, reducing the labor intensity of the driver.

2) The present invention adopts seven AC motors to drive each working device and traveling device, which changes the situation that the transmission belts of traditional grain combine harvesters are staggered vertically and horizontally, greatly simplifies the transmission structure, improves reliability, and reduces maintenance costs at the same time.

3) The present invention adopts seven independently controlled AC motors to drive each working device and traveling device respectively, the control of each AC motor does not interfere with each other, and the working state can be changed in real time.

4) The present invention uses sensors to detect and control the working state of each part of the grain combine harvester, so that the driver can accurately understand the working situation at any time to make a judgment, and can realize automatic control and improve the automation level.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Among the figure, 1-camera, 2-AC motor I, 3-alarm device, 4-grain elevator speed sensor, 5-grain moisture content sensor, 6-AC power supply, 7 grain loss rate sensor, 8 AC motor II, 9-AC motor III, 10-AC motor IV, 11-centrifugal fan speed sensor, 12-front drive axle, 13-disengagement drum speed sensor, 14-header height sensor, 15-grain moisture content sensor, 16-feeding Quantity sensor, 17 reel position sensor, 18-obstacle recognition sensor, 19-reel speed sensor, 20-AC motor V, 21-walking speed sensor, 22-AC motor VI, 23-gearbox, 24- Differential, 25-AC motor VII.

Detailed ways

The grain loss rate sensor installed at the tail of the draft mover detects the grain loss rate in real time, and adjusts the centrifugal fan speed through its signal. If the loss rate exceeds the set value, an alarm signal will be sent by the alarm device; the camera installed under the cab is acquired. The front grain image information calculates the grain height, and changes the working state of the reel and the height of the header in real time through the signals of the reel position sensor, reel speed sensor, and header height sensor; the AC motor V drives the reel through a chain drive Rotation; AC motor VII is driven by chain transmission to feed the auger rotation, cutter movement, and inclined conveyor to work; AC motor I is driven by chain transmission to rotate away from the drum; AC motor II drives the drafter to work, and at the same time drives the hydraulic pump to feed Each oil circuit supplies oil; AC motor III drives the grain elevator through chain transmission, and each auger (not shown) works and vibrates the upper and lower sieves; AC motor IV drives the centrifugal fan to rotate, and is detected by the centrifugal fan speed sensor in real time; The motor VI is connected with the reduction box and the differential to drive the traveling device; the grain moisture content sensor installed in the inclined conveyor detects the moisture content of the fed grain straw, and the grain moisture content sensor installed in the grain tank detects the moisture content of the grain Rate; the feeding amount sensor detects the feeding amount of grain, and changes the walking speed and reel speed in real time through the signals of the walking speed sensor and the reel speed sensor to change the feeding amount, and through the signal from the drum speed sensor Change the rotation speed of the detachment drum; the obstacle sensor detects whether there is an obstacle in front of the harvester, and sends an alarm signal if there is any; the power supply converts the direct current into alternating current through the inverter for use by each alternating current motor.

Claims (1)

1. An electric drive intelligent combine harvester. Including: camera (1), AC motor I (2), alarm device (3), grain elevator speed sensor (4), grain moisture content sensor (5), AC power supply (6), grain loss rate sensor (7 ), AC motor II (8), AC motor III (9), AC motor IV (10), centrifugal fan speed sensor (11), front drive axle (12), separation drum speed sensor (13), header height sensor (14), grain moisture content sensor (15), feeding amount sensor (16), reel position sensor (17), obstacle identification sensor (18), reel speed sensor (19), AC motor V ( 20), walking speed sensor (21), AC motor VI (22), reduction box (23), differential (24), AC motor VII (25); described video camera (1) is installed below the cab, with To obtain the image information of the grain ahead; the alarm device (3) is installed in the driver's cab; the grain moisture content sensor (5) is installed in the grain moisture content sampling channel of the grain tank; the grain loss rate sensor (7 ) is installed on the afterbody of the draft device; the header height sensor (14) is installed on the header lift cylinder; the grain moisture content sensor (15) is installed in the grain moisture sampling channel of the inclined conveyor; the The feeding amount sensor (16) is installed under the chain rake; the reel position sensor (17) is installed on the reel lifting cylinder; the obstacle recognition sensor (18) is installed at five evenly spaced , the walking speed sensor (21) is installed in the reduction box (23); the AC motor VI (22) is connected with the reduction box (23) and the differential (24); the AC motor V (20) passes The chain is connected to the drive end of the reel; the AC motor VII (25) is connected to the drive end of the feeding auger, the drive end of the inclined conveyor, and the drive end of the cutter through a chain; the AC motor IV (10) is connected to the centrifugal fan connected; the AC motor III (9) is connected to the driving end of the grain elevator and the upper and lower sieve; the AC motor II (8) is connected to the driving end of the drafter, and can drive the hydraulic pump at the same time; the AC motor I(2) is connected to the drive end of the breakaway roller.

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