CN103401398A - Magnetic coupler - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnetic coupler, which comprises a power input shaft, a connecting flange, a permanent magnet outer rotor assembly, a cage inner rotor, a power output shaft and a mechanical speed regulating device; the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly adopts The hollow cup-shaped structure is set on the outside of the cage-type inner rotor, and the torque transmission is realized through the coupling effect of the air gap magnetic field between the two; the mechanical speed control device can use the lever principle to change the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly and the cage-type inner rotor The axial air gap area between them realizes the stepless speed regulation of the load speed; the invention provides the design method of the magnetic pole logarithm of the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly according to the principle of minimum torque fluctuation, which reduces the thickness of the yoke and the Moment of inertia of the coupler. The cage-type inner rotor can adopt the same or similar structure as the traditional motor squirrel-cage rotor core. The magnetic coupler of the present invention can be coaxially connected with the load, and can also be used as a belt pulley adapter to be matched with the pulley.

Description

A magnetic coupler

technical field

The invention relates to a power mechanical transmission technology, in particular to a magnetic coupling.

Background technique

The so-called advanced transmission energy saving refers to the replacement of backward energy-consuming transmission methods with advanced energy-saving transmission methods. Among them, the magnetic coupling drive has excellent functions such as light-load start, overload protection, impact reduction, torsional vibration isolation, etc., so it is applied to large-inertia, difficult-to-start machinery, which can change the backward transmission mode of "big horse-drawn trolley" and save energy significantly. .

Belt transmission is an important form of mechanical transmission and the core connecting part of electromechanical equipment. Its biggest feature is its simple structure, easy replacement and free speed change.

According to statistics, more than 50% of the power transmission form between the prime mover and the working machine at home and abroad is belt drive. If the efficiency of belt drive can be increased by 1%, although the number is not large, it will be very important for a factory or a region or even the whole country. The total amount of energy saved is still considerable.

If the magnetic coupling is used as a pulley adapter in a belt drive with fluctuating torque and speed, it can save energy by more than 10% conservatively, and can greatly improve the service life and reliability of the conveyor belt, making it a very competitive power transmission features.

At present, there have been many patents on the magnetic coupling, such as the permanent disk type eddy current magnetic coupling represented by the US patent (Patent No.: US6,682,430B2) and the permanent magnetic sleeve type represented by the Chinese patent 20101019811.5 The eddy current magnetic coupler can realize the torque transmission from the motor to the load through the air gap between the copper conductor and the permanent magnet. Its transmission mode is induction asynchronous, and the slip is 1% to 4%.

Regardless of the type of permanent magnet eddy current magnetic coupling, due to the large slip, large eddy currents are generated in the copper disc or copper sleeve, resulting in large heat loss and low efficiency of the coupling system, which is not suitable for high-power electromechanical transmission equipment.

Permanent-magnet asynchronous magnetic couplings or magnetic transmissions represented by Chinese patent 201110219054.3, Chinese patent 200910024449.0 and Chinese patent 200420025250.2, due to the use of a squirrel-cage rotor in the form of an asynchronous motor, can better solve the heating problem of the above-mentioned copper rotor. However, this patented technology is mainly used in the transmission device or equipment that requires no leakage in the production environment. An isolation sleeve is installed between the permanent magnet rotor and the squirrel cage rotor to increase the air gap between the permanent magnet rotor and the squirrel cage rotor. The size and the increase of the air gap lead to an increase in the loss of the magnetomotive force in the air, which reduces the magnetic flux density of the air gap magnetic field. Compared with the permanent magnet of the same volume, its energy conversion efficiency is low, and the torque that can be transmitted is reduced. Small, the permanent magnet magnetic potential loss is large, and the execution efficiency is low.

The permanent magnet asynchronous magnetic transmission device represented by the US patent (Pub.No.: US2010/0277021A1) also uses a squirrel cage rotor in the form of an asynchronous motor. There is no spacer between the permanent magnet rotor and the squirrel cage rotor, so its The air gap flux density is large, the flux leakage is small, and the execution efficiency is high. However, the squirrel cage rotor of the asynchronous motor used is a non-standard structure and needs to be redesigned. Not only the design cycle is long, but also the process and molds need to be re-customized, which increases manufacturing cost.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention designs a magnetic coupler with a hollow cup structure, which has the characteristics of small moment of inertia and heat generation, light weight of the rotor, smooth rotation, high operating efficiency and low noise.

To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A magnetic coupling, including a power input shaft, a coupling flange, a permanent magnet outer rotor assembly, a cage-shaped inner rotor, a power output shaft, and a mechanical speed regulating device; the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly is set in a cage-shaped On the outside of the rotor, there is a uniform air gap between the two; the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly is connected to the power input shaft through the inner spline in the connecting flange, and the cage inner rotor is connected by a key or an interference fit Installed on the power output shaft, the power output shaft is connected to the load through the output flange; the mechanical speed regulating device is set on the connecting flange, and the connecting flange and the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly are dragged by the principle of leverage to move axially to Adjust the axial air gap area between the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly and the cage inner rotor;

In the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly, the permanent magnets can adopt radial layout or tangential layout; when the radial layout is adopted, the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly includes yoke iron, permanent magnet A and permanent magnet B ;Permanent magnet A and permanent magnet B are tile-shaped structures, their arc surfaces face inward, and the direction of magnetization is opposite. The side clearance of each permanent magnet; when the tangential layout is adopted, the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly includes a yoke, a permanent magnet, an inner magnetic isolation plate, an outer magnetic isolation plate and a positioning block. Uniform layout, the magnetic pole direction is along the circumferential tangential direction, and the magnetic pole direction is opposite when the adjacent permanent magnets are installed; the permanent magnet positioning block is a fan-shaped structure of magnetic permeable material, and is fixed on the inner surface of the yoke iron by welding;

The outer circle of the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly is covered with aluminum cooling fins for heat dissipation.

The number of pole pairs p of the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly is according to the formula

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; pn</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}}$

Under the premise of satisfying the minimum value of f _c , select the maximum value of p as far as possible; in the above formula, f _c is the torque fluctuation factor; p is the number of permanent magnet pole pairs; n _s is the number of cage rotor bars; N _c is the least common multiple of p and n _s . The selection criterion of f _c is the minimum value satisfying the above formula;

The mechanical speed regulating device is a planar link mechanism, including a power element, a support plate, a push rod, a briquetting block, a swing rod, a sliding wheel, a bearing sleeve, a spline sleeve, a connecting rod, a rolling bearing, and a fulcrum support; The element is fixed on the prime mover or the platform foundation near the prime mover through the support plate, and the power element drives the push rod to move in the axial direction; the swing rod is hinged with the fulcrum support to drive the movement of the connecting rod; the swing rod and the pressure block are connected by bolts , a guide groove is opened on the swing rod; the pulley is connected to the end of the push rod, and embedded in the guide groove, when the push rod moves, the pulley rolls along the guide groove on the swing rod, pushing the swing rod around the fulcrum support The hinge rotates to drive the connecting rod to move; one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the bearing sleeve, and the other end is hinged to the swing rod; the bearing sleeve is connected to the spline sleeve through the bearing, and the connecting rod can drive the spline sleeve when moving Make axial movement to change the axial area of the magnetic field air gap in the magnetic coupler;

The power element of the mechanical speed regulating device can adopt stepping motor or cylinder or hydraulic cylinder, when adopting stepping motor, utilize ball screw or worm gear mechanism to realize axial movement; Described mechanical speed regulating device has manual and There are two control methods of electric control, and the stroke control of the push rod is realized through manual or electric control.

The permanent magnet outer rotor assembly of the present invention is connected to the power output shaft of the prime mover through the key in the connecting flange B, and connected to the load through the output flange on the power output shaft, so as to meet the requirement that the load does not need speed adjustment .

The two ends of the power input shaft and the power output shaft of the present invention are respectively supported by the front end bearing seat and the rear end bearing seat, so as to meet the requirement of long axial displacement adjustment distance.

The cage-type inner rotor of the present invention is connected to the power input shaft through the spline hole of the sleeve, and the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly and the connecting flange transmit the torque to the pulley; the mechanical speed regulating device is installed on the cage-type inner rotor The outside of the sleeve in the cage drives the cage-type inner rotor to move axially to meet the requirements of the pulley adapter and the need for speed regulation.

The cage-type inner rotor of the present invention is assembled on the power input shaft through interference, and the torque is transmitted to the pulley through the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly and the connecting flange, and it is used for the pulley adapter without speed regulation hour.

The power input shaft of the present invention is an external spline shaft structure, which is set together with the connecting flange through a spline connection; one end of the inner hole of the power input shaft is connected with the power output shaft of the prime mover by a key, and the other end of the inner hole is installed with a bearing , to achieve radial positioning with the power output shaft.

The power input shaft of the present invention is a stepped shaft structure, one end is directly connected to the power output shaft of the prime mover through a key or other connection methods, and the other end is connected to the sleeve in the cage-shaped inner rotor through a spline, and the spline is used to The connection transmits the torque to the cage-type inner rotor; the outer circle of the power input shaft is set on the bearing; the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly is connected to the pulley through the key connection of the connecting flange; the connecting flange is set on the bearing External for use with pulley adapters and speed adjustment is required.

The power input shaft of the present invention is a stepped optical shaft, one end is directly connected to the power output shaft of the prime mover through a key, and the other end is connected to the cage-shaped inner rotor through a flat key or interference fit; the power input shaft is sleeved on the bearing On, and connected with the prime mover power take-off shaft through key coupling; used for pulley adapter and no need for speed regulation.

The belt pulley and the connecting flange of the present invention are connected in a keyed manner, and the gland is used to realize axial fixation, and belt pulleys with different diameters can be replaced according to the load working conditions.

The outer circle of the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly of the present invention is covered with aluminum cooling fins for heat dissipation.

The cage-type inner rotor of the present invention directly adopts the squirrel-cage rotor core of an asynchronous motor, or adopts a structure similar to that of the squirrel-cage rotor core of an asynchronous motor, and processes the inner hole and installs a sleeve as required; the cage Each axial end of the inner rotor has a fan, or only one end has a fan, or there is no fan at both ends; the sleeve is pressed into the inner hole of the iron core of the cage inner rotor through a key or an interference method.

In the magnetic coupler of the present invention, when the pulley is installed at the output end of the magnetic coupler, the rear end bearing seat can be used as a support; the pulley is sleeved on the outside of the power output shaft through a key connection. The mechanical speed regulating device is installed on the outside of the sleeve.

Compared with the existing magnetic coupling or other magnetic transmission devices or technologies, the present invention has the following prominent properties and significant advantages:

1, the number of magnetic pole pairs p in the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly of the present invention is according to the formula

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; pn</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}}$

selection, the selection principle of the number of magnetic pole pairs is given; in addition, under the premise of satisfying the minimum value _{of fc} , the maximum value of p should be selected as much as possible, which can ensure the minimum thickness of the yoke and reduce the moment of inertia of the outer rotor assembly of the present invention.

2. Since the moment of inertia of the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly of the present invention is small, only a single-end bearing is required, which makes the system simpler and more compact.

3. In the present invention, if J is the moment of inertia of the outer rotor assembly, B _δ is the air gap magnetic density, and the mechanical time constant is T _m , then

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; J</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&delta;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}$

Because J is very small, and the B _δ of the rare earth permanent magnet is very large, the T _m is very small; in addition, the magnetic coupler of the present invention generates the rotating magnetic field is the rare earth permanent magnet, and what generates the induced current is the squirrel cage rotor of the asynchronous motor , so its inductance L is very small, that is, L/R is also very small (R is the resistance of the squirrel cage rotor), so its electrical time constant is also very small.

Since both the mechanical time constant and the electrical time constant are very small, the present invention has good dynamic performance and can perform speed regulation control well.

4. The present invention directly adopts the squirrel-cage rotor of the asynchronous motor (or adopts a structure similar to the squirrel-cage rotor of the asynchronous motor), which not only has high reliability and small eddy loss, but also retains the fan leaf (both ends can be retained, or one end). The side with fan is at the port of the moving end of the squirrel cage, which greatly improves the heat dissipation condition of the present invention.

5. The mechanical speed regulating device of the present invention is a planar link mechanism, and the force application point can be a stepping motor, a pneumatic or hydraulic device, or a manual, and the force application device is a lever structure, that is, the speed regulation When a small external force is given, a large thrust can be obtained at the output end, which not only saves energy, but also facilitates the precise control of the speed regulation of the coupler.

6. All kinds of existing magnetic couplers are new products, and their technical maturity and operating performance are far inferior to those of traditional motors. However, the present invention adopts the squirrel cage rotor of traditional motors, and its design and manufacture have gone through decades. Development, the structure has basically reached the optimum, so the present invention can greatly simplify the magnetic circuit analysis and calculation, shorten the product design cycle, and can be directly purchased in batches, with low cost and good operating performance.

7. When the speed regulating device is not installed in the present invention, it is the same as the induction type asynchronous magnetic coupling; after the speed regulating device is installed, stepless speed regulation can be realized. In addition to all the performances of the magnetic coupler, the invention can also be used as a pulley adapter, installed together with the pulley, and has the function of automatically adjusting the load torque and rotating speed when used in a belt transmission device, and the pulley can be easily replaced.

Description of drawings

The present invention has 12 accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the assembly of the adjustable speed magnetic coupler of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of assembly when the magnetic coupler of the present invention does not need speed regulation;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of assembly when the axial distance of the adjustable-speed magnetic coupler of the present invention is relatively long;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the adjustable-speed magnetic coupler of the present invention when it is used in a pulley adapter;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the present invention for the pulley adapter without speed regulation;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the permanent magnet outer rotor when the permanent magnets adopt a radial layout;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the permanent magnet outer rotor when the permanent magnets are arranged in a tangential direction;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a cage-type inner rotor with a spline sleeve;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the mechanical speed regulating device fixed on the prime mover;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the control structure of the speed regulating system;

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the mechanism in which the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly can move axially and the mechanical speed regulating device is fixed on the platform near the prime mover;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a mechanism in which the cage-type inner rotor can move axially and the mechanical speed regulating device is fixed on the platform near the prime mover;

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the magnetic coupler of the present invention without speed regulation and with the pulley installed at the output end;

Fig. 14 is an assembly diagram of the adjustable-speed magnetic coupling of the present invention with the pulley installed at the output end.

In the figure: 1. Power input shaft, 2. Connecting flange, 3. Permanent magnet outer rotor assembly, 4. Cage inner rotor, 5. Power output shaft, 6. Mechanical speed control device, 7. Power output of prime mover Shaft, 8, bearing, 9, heat sink, 10, output flange, 11, fan A, 12, front end bearing seat, 13, rear end bearing seat, 14, spline sleeve, 15, pulley, 16, front end Cover, 17, yoke iron, 18, permanent magnet A, 19, permanent magnet B, 20, curable adhesive material, 21, permanent magnet, 22, inner magnetic isolation plate, 23, outer magnetic isolation plate, 24, positioning block , 25, fan B, 26, power element, 27, connection plate, 28, support plate, 29, push rod, 30, pressure block, 31, swing rod, 32, sliding wheel, 33, bearing sleeve, 34, spline Sleeve, 35, connecting rod, 36, rolling bearing, 37, fulcrum support, 38, prime mover, 39, load, 40, magnetic coupling, 41, sampling circuit, 42, central processing unit, 43, control and display operation platform.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The basic structure of the present invention is shown in Figure 1: the prime mover power output shaft 7 transmits the power torque to the power input shaft 1 of the magnetic coupler through a key connection, and the power input shaft 1 is an external spline structure, and the spline connection is used to connect the The power torque is transmitted to the connecting flange 2 and the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3, and the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3 rotates synchronously with the prime mover power output shaft 7. There is a uniform air gap between the outer surface of the cage inner rotor 4 and the inner surface of the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3 . Due to the rotation of the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the air gap, and an induced current is generated in the guide bars in the cage-type inner rotor 4, and the cage-type inner rotor 4 is driven to rotate by using the Lorentz force in the magnetic field. Furthermore, the torque of the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3 is transmitted to the cage-type inner rotor 4, the power output shaft 5 is connected to the cage-type inner rotor 4 through key connection or pressing method, and the torque is transmitted to the load through the output flange 10 .

In order to ensure the concentricity of the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3 and the cage inner rotor 4 , that is, the uniformity of the air gap magnetic field, the bearing 8 can be used to realize the radial positioning of the power output shaft 5 and the power input shaft 1 . The mechanical speed regulating device 6 drives the connecting flange 2 and the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3 to move axially along the external spline of the power input shaft 1 to change the air gap contact area. The heat sink 9 can be installed outside the permanent magnet external transmission sub-assembly 3 to increase the heat dissipation area of the magnetic coupler; the fan A11 at one end of the squirrel cage rotor can also be retained to increase the heat dissipation capacity of the coupler in the rotating state.

Similar to the working principle of the asynchronous motor magnetic field, due to the magnetic field induction effect of the air gap, there is a slip between the cage inner rotor 4 and the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3, and the slip is not only related to the load, but also depends on the air gap area, that is, under the action of the mechanical speed regulating device 6, the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3 can be moved axially to change the air gap contact area between the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3 and the cage inner rotor 4, thereby adjusting The magnitude of the slip controls the rotating speeds of the cage-type inner rotor 4 and the power output shaft 5 .

As shown in Figure 1, when the mechanical speed regulating device 6 drives the connecting flange 2 and the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3 to run axially, the air gap between the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3 and the cage inner rotor 4 can be changed The magnetic flux contact area, and then change the slip between the two, and realize the stepless speed regulation of the power output shaft 5 .

In addition, during the start-up process, the area of the air-gap magnetic flux can also be adjusted to a smaller value. When the motor starts to reach a stable operating state, the mechanical speed regulating device 6 is used to gradually increase the area of the air-gap magnetic flux to realize the light load of the load. Start with no load, and then gradually increase to the working state of rated power.

If the load does not require speed regulation, the magnetic coupler structure shown in Figure 2 can be used. At this time, the power output shaft 7 of the prime mover is connected with the connecting flange 2 through a key, and the torque is transmitted to the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3, and the cage-shaped inner rotor 4 is driven to rotate through the action of the air gap magnetic field, and is pressed or keyed. The way of connection transmits the torque to the power take-off shaft 5 . The structure described in the present invention does not have the function of speed regulation, and is suitable for the working environment with large load starting torque and large fluctuations. Through the action of the air gap magnetic field of the magnetic coupler, it can effectively reduce the impact of starting current and load fluctuation on the motor. The influence of the current enables the motor to obtain a larger starting torque, saves electric energy, reduces the impact of load fluctuations on the power grid, and prolongs the service life of the motor.

If the axial length of the magnetic coupler is longer due to air gap adjustment, the structure of the magnetic coupler as shown in Figure 3 can be used. The power input shaft 1 is a slender shaft, and the connecting flange 2 and the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3 can move axially for a long distance along the splines on the power input shaft 1 to realize a wide range of speed regulation. The power output shaft 5 and the The power input shaft 1 utilizes a bearing 8 to ensure concentricity. The two ends can be supported by the front end bearing seat 12 and the rear end bearing seat 13. Its mechanical speed regulating device 6 can adopt the structure shown in Figure 11, place the pendulum horizontally, and the fulcrum position is parallel to the magnetic coupler.

If the magnetic coupling is used for the pulley adapter and needs speed regulation, the structure shown in Figure 4 can be adopted. The power input shaft 1 is set on the prime mover power output shaft 7 through a key connection, and the other end uses a spline to transmit the torque. The key sleeve 14 and the spline sleeve 14 are pressed in the inner hole of the cage-shaped inner rotor 4 in the form of interference fit, and the cage-shaped inner rotor 4 drives the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3 to rotate through the coupling effect of the air gap, and through The connecting flange 2 transmits the torque to the pulley 15. The pulley 15 is set on the outside of the connecting flange 2. The torque is transmitted by key connection. The axial movement of the pulley 15 is restricted by the gland 16. The pulley 15 is connected The torque is transmitted to the load; the bearing 8 is positioned between the coupling flange 2 and the power input shaft 1, and the rotation state is isolated. Place the rear end bearing seat 13 at the other end of the power input shaft 1 to support it. Gland 16 is disassembled, and belt pulley 15 can be replaced according to different requirements of transmission ratio. The mechanical speed regulating device 6 can be installed on the splined sleeve 14, and its top view is shown in Figure 12. Through the action of the swing rod, the cage-shaped inner rotor 4 is driven to move axially to adjust the air gap area.

If the magnetic coupling is used for the pulley adapter and does not require speed regulation, the structure shown in Figure 5 can be used. The power input shaft 1 is set on the prime mover power output shaft 7 through a key connection, and the other end is pressed or keyed. Torque is transmitted to the cage-type inner rotor 4, and the torque transmission process is the same as that in Fig. 4, and belt pulleys of different diameters can be replaced according to actual work needs.

In the present invention, the layout of the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly adopts radial layout or tangential layout; when the radial layout is adopted, as shown in Figure 6, the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly 3 includes a yoke 17 and permanent magnets A18 and permanent magnets B19; permanent magnets A18 and permanent magnets B19 are tile-shaped structures, their arc surfaces face inward, and the direction of magnetization is opposite. The viscous material 20 evenly fills the side gaps of the permanent magnets to form a complete inner circular surface of the permanent magnets; when a tangential layout is adopted, as shown in Figure 7, the permanent magnet outer rotor assembly includes a yoke 17, a permanent magnet 21, Inner magnetic isolation plate 22, outer magnetic isolation plate 23 and positioning block 24, described permanent magnet 21 is a cuboid structure, uniformly distributed along the circumference, the magnetic pole direction is along the circumferential tangential direction, and the magnetic pole direction of adjacent permanent magnets is opposite; The magnet positioning block 24 is a fan-shaped structure of magnetically permeable material, and is fixed on the inner surface of the yoke 17 by welding.

As shown in FIG. 8 , the fan A11 and the fan B25 at both axial ends of the cage-shaped inner rotor can be reserved or completely removed or one end can be reserved according to the heat dissipation situation.

As shown in Figure 13, the pulley 15 can be installed on the output end of the magnetic coupler, and links to each other with the power output shaft 5 through a key. The pulley is easy to replace, but speed regulation cannot be realized.

As shown in Figure 14, the cage-shaped inner rotor 4 is equipped with a spline sleeve 14 inside, and the power output shaft 5 is an external spline structure. The bottom can move axially along the power output shaft 5 to realize stepless speed regulation.

The mechanical speed regulating device of the present invention is shown in Fig. 9, Fig. 11 and Fig. 12, adopts the working principle of lever, uses hydraulic cylinder, air cylinder, stepping motor as the power actuator 26, and is fixed on the supporting plate 28 through the connecting plate 27 Up, drive the fork 31, swing with the reaming hole on the fulcrum support 37 as the center of circle, and then the fork 31 passes the connecting rod 35, drags the bearing sleeve 33, the rolling bearing 36 and the spline sleeve 34 to move axially. The scroll wheel 32 can slide along the groove on the fork 31 under the action of the push rod 29 . The two ends of the connecting rod 35 are hinged with the swing rod 31 and the bearing sleeve 33 respectively, and can rotate freely. The spline sleeve 34 adopts an internal spline structure.

For the working environment that needs to automatically adjust the magnetic flux area of the air gap of the magnetic coupler (that is, automatic speed regulation), the control system shown in Figure 10 can be used. The prime mover 38 drives the load 39 to rotate through the magnetic coupler 40, and the required load Parameters, such as rotational speed, pressure, lift, time, etc., are converted into electrical signals through the sampling circuit 41, and fed back to the central processing unit 42. After calculation by the central processing unit 42, the mechanical speed regulating device 6 is controlled to change the air gap magnetic field of the magnetic coupler. Through the contact area, the purpose of controlling the rotating speed and output power of the load 39 has been achieved. The control and display operation platform 43 can set the internal parameters of the central processing unit 42, and can display the control feedback parameters in the form of charts and the like.

Claims (10)

1. a magnetic coupling, is characterized in that: comprise power input shaft (1), connecting flange (2), permanent-magnetic outer rotor assembly (3), cage modle internal rotor (4), power output shaft (5) and mechanical adjustable speed drive (6); Described permanent-magnetic outer rotor assembly (3) is sleeved on the outside of cage modle internal rotor (4), between the two, has even air gap; Described permanent-magnetic outer rotor assembly (3) is connected with power input shaft (1) by the internal spline in connecting flange (2), it is upper that cage modle internal rotor (4) is installed on power output shaft (5) by key connected mode or interference fit, and power output shaft (5) is connected with load (39) by output flange (10); Mechanical adjustable speed drive (6) is sleeved on connecting flange (2), utilize lever principle to drag connecting flange (2) and move axially with permanent-magnetic outer rotor assembly (3), to regulate the axial air-gap area between permanent-magnetic outer rotor assembly (3) and cage modle internal rotor (4);

In described permanent-magnetic outer rotor assembly (3), permanent magnet adopts radially layout or tangential two kinds of modes of layout; While adopting radially layout type, permanent-magnetic outer rotor assembly (3) comprises yoke (17) and permanent magnet A(18) with permanent magnet B(19); Permanent magnet A(18) with permanent magnet B(19) be a watt type structure, its arc-shaped surface is inside, and magnetizing direction is opposite, along the even circumferential layout of yoke (17), magnetic pole is staggered in the circumferential direction of the circle, and utilizes each permanent magnet side clearance of curable cohesive material (20) uniform filling; While adopting tangential layout type, permanent-magnetic outer rotor assembly (3) comprises yoke (17), permanent magnet (21), interior magnetic isolation plate (22), outer magnetic isolation plate (23) and locating piece (24), described permanent magnet (21) is rectangular structure, along the even circumferential layout, when pole orientation was installed along tangent to periphery direction, adjacent permanent magnet (21), pole orientation was relative; Described permanent magnet locating piece (24) is the sector structure of permeability magnetic material, and is fixed in yoke (17) inner surface with welding manner;

The cylindrical suit aluminum thermal fin (9) of described permanent-magnetic outer rotor assembly (3), in order to heat radiation;

Described cage modle internal rotor (4) directly adopts the cage rotor iron core of asynchronous machine, or the employing structure similar to the asychronous dynamo cage rotor core, and utilize the cage rotor stalk to dispel the heat to the cast aluminium fan at two ends, or only keep a fan or remove the fan at two ends; Described sleeve (14) is compressed in the endoporus unshakable in one's determination of cage modle internal rotor (4) by key or interference mode;

In described permanent-magnetic outer rotor assembly (3), the magnetic pole logarithm p of permanent magnet by formula

$f_c=\frac{{2\mathrm{pn}}_s}{N_c}$

Choose, meeting f _cUnder the prerequisite of minimum value, p chooses maximum as far as possible; In following formula, f _cFor the torque ripple factor; P is the permanent magnet pole logarithm; n _sFor cage-type rotor sliver number; N _cFor p and n _sLeast common multiple; f _cChoice criteria be the minimum value that meets following formula;

Described mechanical adjustable speed drive (6) is planar linkage mechanism, comprise dynamical element (26), connecting plate (27), supporting bracket (28), catch bar (29), briquetting (30), fork (31), movable pulley (32), bearing holder (housing, cover) (33), splined sleeve (34), connecting rod (35), rolling bearing (36), fulcrum bearing (37); Dynamical element (26) links by connecting plate (27) and supporting bracket (28), and supporting bracket (28) is fixed near the platform base prime mover (38) or prime mover (38), and dynamical element (26) drives catch bar (29) and moves vertically; Fork (31) is hinged with fulcrum bearing (37), drives connecting rod (35) motion; Described fork (31) utilizes bolt to be connected with briquetting (30), and fork is driven gathering sill on (31); Described pulley is connected with the end of catch bar (29), and in the embedding gathering sill, during catch bar (29) motion, movable pulley (32) rolls along the gathering sill on fork (31), promotes fork (31) and rotates around the hinged place of fulcrum bearing (37), drives connecting rod (35) motion; Described connecting rod (35) one ends and bearing holder (housing, cover) (33) are hinged, and the other end and fork (31) are hinged; Bearing holder (housing, cover) (33) links by bearing and splined sleeve (34), when connecting rod (35) is mobile, drives splined sleeve (34) and does axial motion, to change the axial area of magnetic coupling air-gap field;

The dynamical element (26) of described mechanical adjustable speed drive (6) adopts stepping motor or cylinder or hydraulic cylinder, while adopting stepping motor, utilizes ball-screw or worm-and-wheel gear to realize axial motion;

Described mechanical adjustable speed drive (6) has manually and automatically controlled two kinds of control modes, to realize the Stroke Control of catch bar (29).

2. a kind of magnetic coupling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described permanent-magnetic outer rotor assembly (3) is connected with prime mover power output shaft (7) by the key in connecting flange (2), and be connected with load (39) by the output flange (10) on power output shaft (5), to adapt to the not requirement of needs speed adjusting of load (39).

3. a kind of magnetic coupling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power input shaft (1) adopts respectively front end bearing block (12) and rear end bearing seat (13) to support with the both ends of power output shaft (5), to adapt to the requirement that the axial displacement adjustable range is long.

4. a kind of magnetic coupling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the splined hole of described cage modle internal rotor (4) by sleeve (14) is connected with power input shaft (1), permanent-magnetic outer rotor assembly (3) and connecting flange (2) by transmission of torque to belt wheel (15); Mechanical adjustable speed drive (6) is arranged on sleeve (14) outside of cage modle internal rotor (4), drives cage modle internal rotor (4) and moves axially, and to be adapted to belt wheel (15), needs the requirement of speed governing.

5. a kind of magnetic coupling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cage modle internal rotor (4) is assemblied on power input shaft (1) by the interference mode, by permanent-magnetic outer rotor assembly (3) and connecting flange (2) by transmission of torque to belt wheel (15), during during for belt wheel (15) adapter and without speed governing.

6. a kind of magnetic coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described power input shaft (1) is the male splined shaft structure, by spline joint and connecting flange (2), is set in together; Power input shaft (1) endoporus one end is connected with key with prime mover power output shaft (7), and the endoporus other end is installed bearing (8), realizes the radial location with power output shaft (5).

7. a kind of magnetic coupling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power input shaft (1) is the multidiameter structure, one end directly links by key or other connecting mode and prime mover power output shaft (7), the other end links by the sleeve (14) in spline and cage modle internal rotor (4), utilize spline joint by transmission of torque to cage modle internal rotor (4); The cylindrical of described power input shaft (1) is sleeved on bearing (8); Permanent-magnetic outer rotor assembly (3) is connected with belt wheel (15) by the key connection of connecting flange (2); Connecting flange (2) is sleeved on the outside of bearing (8), for belt wheel (15) while needing speed governing.

8. a kind of magnetic coupling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power input shaft (1) is the ladder optical axis, one end directly links by key and prime mover power output shaft (7), and the other end links by flat key or interference fit and cage modle internal rotor (4); It is upper that described power input shaft (1) is sleeved on bearing (8), and link by the key connecting mode with prime mover power output shaft (7); While being used for belt wheel (15) without speed governing.

9. a kind of magnetic coupling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described belt wheel (15) adopts the key connecting mode to link with connecting flange (2), and utilize gland (16) to realize axial restraint, according to load (39) operating mode, change the belt wheel (15) of different-diameter.

10. a kind of magnetic coupling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when belt wheel (15) is installed on the magnetic coupling output, adopt rear end bearing seat (13) as supporting; Belt wheel (15) is contained in power output shaft (5) outside by the key adapter sleeve; When the needs speed governing, power output shaft (5) is the male splined shaft structure, and mechanical adjustable speed drive (6) is arranged on sleeve (14) outside.

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