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CN103401019B - Silazane additive and apply its lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding prepared - Google Patents

Silazane additive and apply its lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding prepared Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103401019B
CN103401019B CN201310343494.9A CN201310343494A CN103401019B CN 103401019 B CN103401019 B CN 103401019B CN 201310343494 A CN201310343494 A CN 201310343494A CN 103401019 B CN103401019 B CN 103401019B
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lithium
ion battery
battery electrolytes
box hat
additive
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CN103401019A (en
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丁祥欢
朱智聪
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New Asia Shanshan New Material Technology Quzhou Co ltd
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Dongguan Shanshan Battery Materials Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention belongs to lithium-ion battery electrolytes additive technology field, be specifically related to silazane additive and apply its lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding prepared; Silazane additive of the present invention is as the application of box hat corrosion inhibitor in lithium-ion battery electrolytes, silazane additive can react by strong corrosive material constantly and in lithium-ion battery electrolytes, makes box hat deposit the state that still can keep light for a long time at lithium-ion battery electrolytes; The lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding prepared by applying silicon azane additive, for the respective materialization feature of solvent, lithium salts and additive, make silazane additive and solvent, lithium salts after suitable proportioning, respective advantage can be played and can mutually suppress respective shortcoming again, anticorrosion ability of the present invention is made to be far superior to prior art by the synergy between three, and preparation technology of the present invention is simple and easy to and enforcement, there are good market prospects.

Description

Silazane additive and apply its lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding prepared
Technical field
The invention belongs to lithium-ion battery electrolytes additive technology field, be specifically related to silazane additive and apply its lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding prepared.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery has the advantages such as energy density is high, self-discharge rate is little, environmental protection and is widely used in various electronic equipment.In the production process of lithium ion battery, battery liquid-filling rear surface inevitably has residual electrolyte to be existed, if erasing can not be wiped or fail to the electrolyte remaining in battery surface totally in time, when battery produces glove box and is positioned under open environment, residual electrolyte will rapidly and air reaction generate deep-etching material, the existence of strong corrosive material will cause the appearance of box hat battery corrodes thus causes battery bad order even to be scrapped.
Prior art is mainly through erasing box hat remained on surface electrolyte and reach by the method that cleaning agent cleans the object preventing electrolytic corrosion box hat.If but erasing not in time or fluid injection long to scavenging period interval, corrosion still inevitably produces, and will waste a large amount of manpower and materials.
Existing lithium-ion battery electrolytes additive has purposes such as improving the cycle life of lithium ion battery and high temperature performance, but does not find that it possesses the purposes preventing box hat from corroding.
Therefore, need badly and provide one to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of can prevent box hat from corroding additive and apply its lithium-ion battery electrolytes prepared.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the invention provides a kind of lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this.
Silazane additive, described silazane additive is as the application of box hat corrosion inhibitor in lithium-ion battery electrolytes.
Wherein, described silazane additive has the silazane additive described in (1) structural formula for comprising,
(1)
Wherein, R 1~ R 3for the hydrocarbon amino that 1 ~ 2 hydrogen atom in methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, the tert-butyl group, phenyl, vinyl, amino or amino is replaced by C1 ~ C4 alkyl; R 4~ R 5the hydrocarbon replaced by C1 ~ C4 alkyl for 1 ~ 2 hydrogen atom in hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, the tert-butyl group, phenyl, vinyl, amino or amino is amino or have
Group described in structural formula (2),
(2)
Wherein, R 6~ R 8for the hydrocarbon amino that 1 ~ 2 hydrogen atom in methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, the tert-butyl group, phenyl, vinyl, amino or amino is replaced by C1 ~ C4 alkyl.
Wherein, described silazane additive is for comprising the two or more silazane additive had described in structural formula (1).
Wherein, described silazane additive is TMSDEA, tetramethyl-disilazane, hexamethyldisiloxane, heptamethyldisilazane, 1,3-diethyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-disilazane, 1,3-diphenyltetramethyldisilazane, 1,3-bis-(tert-butylamino)-2-tert-butyl group disilazane, 1,3-dibutyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-disilazane, 1,1, a kind of or two or more mixture in any proportion in 3,3-tetramethyl-1,3-divinyl silazane.
The lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding prepared by applying silicon azane additive, the described lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding comprises solvent, lithium salts and silazane additive, and described silazane additive accounts for the 0.01wt% ~ 2.00wt% of the lithium-ion battery electrolytes total content preventing box hat from corroding.
Wherein, described solvent is two or more mixture in any proportion in dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, propene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, gamma-butyrolacton.
Preferably, described solvent accounts for the 83wt% ~ 94.0wt% of the total content of the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding.
Wherein, described lithium salts is a kind of or two or more mixture in any proportion in lithium hexafluoro phosphate, LiBF4, di-oxalate lithium borate, difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium, two (trimethyl fluoride sulfonyl) imine lithium.
Preferably, described lithium salts accounts for the 5.0wt% ~ 18.0wt% of the total content of the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding.
Wherein, described additive also comprises vinylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate vinylene, 1, a kind of or two or more mixture in any proportion in 3-propane sultone, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-butane sultones, fluorinated ethylene carbonate, difluoroethylene carbonate, 1,3-propene sultone; It accounts for the 1.0wt% ~ 5.0wt% of the total content of the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding.
beneficial effect of the present invention is:silazane additive of the present invention can react by strong corrosive material constantly and in lithium-ion battery electrolytes, makes box hat deposit the state that still can keep light for a long time at lithium-ion battery electrolytes; The lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding prepared by applying silicon azane additive, for the respective materialization feature of solvent, lithium salts and additive, make silazane additive and solvent, lithium salts after suitable proportioning, respective advantage can be played and can mutually suppress respective shortcoming again, anticorrosion ability of the present invention is made to be far superior to prior art by the synergy between three, and preparation technology of the present invention is simple and easy to and enforcement, there are good market prospects.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further described, but practical range of the present invention is not limited to this.
comparative example.
Be full of glove box (the moisture < 10ppm of argon gas, nutrient < 1ppm) in, get the dimethyl carbonate accounting for lithium-ion battery electrolytes gross mass 86.0%, methyl ethyl carbonate, the organic mixed solution of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, the mass ratio of ethylene carbonate is 1:1:1, the vinylene carbonate accounting for lithium-ion battery electrolytes gross mass 2.0% is added in mixed solution, the lithium hexafluoro phosphate accounting for lithium-ion battery electrolytes gross mass 12.0% is slowly added in the most backward mixed solution, the lithium-ion battery electrolytes of comparative example is obtained after stirring.
embodiment 1.
Be full of glove box (the moisture < 10ppm of argon gas, nutrient < 1ppm) in, get the dimethyl carbonate accounting for the lithium-ion battery electrolytes gross mass 85.0% preventing box hat from corroding, methyl ethyl carbonate, the organic mixed solution of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, the mass ratio of ethylene carbonate is 1:1:1, add in mixed solution and account for gross mass 2.0% vinylene carbonate, the lithium hexafluoro phosphate accounting for gross mass 12.0% is slowly added in mixed solution, be stirred to lithium hexafluoro phosphate to dissolve completely, the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding that the hexamethyldisiloxane accounting for gross mass 1.0% obtains embodiment 1 is added in the most backward mixed solution.
embodiment 2.
Be full of glove box (the moisture < 10ppm of argon gas, nutrient < 1ppm) in, get the methyl ethyl carbonate accounting for the lithium-ion battery electrolytes gross mass 85.0% preventing box hat from corroding, the organic mixed solution of ethylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, the mass ratio of ethylene carbonate is 7:3, add in mixed solution and account for gross mass 2.0% ethylene carbonate vinylene and 1, the mixture of 3-propane sultone, ethylene carbonate vinylene, 1, the mass ratio of 3-propane sultone is 1:1, the LiBF4 accounting for gross mass 12.0% is slowly added in mixed solution, be stirred to LiBF4 to dissolve completely, the heptamethyldisilazane accounting for gross mass 1.0% is added in the most backward mixed solution, 1, 3-butyl-1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethyl-disilazane, 1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethyl-1, the mixture of 3-divinyl silazane, heptamethyldisilazane, 1, 3 dibutyl-1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethyl-disilazane, 1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethyl-1, the mass ratio of 3-divinyl silazane is 1:2:2, obtain the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding of embodiment 2.
embodiment 3.
In the glove box (moisture < 10ppm, nutrient < 1ppm) being full of argon gas, get the dimethyl carbonate accounting for the lithium-ion battery electrolytes gross mass 85.0% preventing box hat from corroding, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, propene carbonate, the organic mixed solution of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, propene carbonate, the mass ratio of ethylene carbonate is 1:1:1:0.5:1.5, adds the Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-butane sultones accounting for gross mass 2.0%, slowly add the di-oxalate lithium borate accounting for gross mass 12.0% in mixed solution in mixed solution, difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium, the mixture of two (trimethyl fluoride sulfonyl) imine lithium, di-oxalate lithium borate, difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium, the mass ratio of two (trimethyl fluoride sulfonyl) imine lithium is 1:2:1, is stirred to di-oxalate lithium borate, difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium, the mixture of two (trimethyl fluoride sulfonyl) imine lithium dissolves completely, adds the tetramethyl-disilazane accounting for gross mass 1.0% in the most backward mixed solution, hexamethyldisiloxane, heptamethyldisilazane, the mixture of 1,3-diethyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-disilazane, tetramethyl-disilazane, hexamethyldisiloxane, heptamethyldisilazane, the mass ratio of 1,3-diethyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-disilazane is 2:1.5:0.5:1, obtains the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding of embodiment 3.
embodiment 4.
Be full of glove box (the moisture < 10ppm of argon gas, nutrient < 1ppm) in, get the dimethyl carbonate accounting for the lithium-ion battery electrolytes gross mass 85.0% preventing box hat from corroding, methyl ethyl carbonate, the organic mixed solution of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, the mass ratio of ethylene carbonate is 1:1:1, add in mixed solution and account for gross mass 2.0% vinylene carbonate, the lithium hexafluoro phosphate accounting for gross mass 12.0% is slowly added in mixed solution, be stirred to lithium hexafluoro phosphate to dissolve completely, 1.0% 1 is added in the most backward mixed solution, 3-diethyl-1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethyl-disilazane obtains the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding of embodiment 4.
embodiment 5.
Be full of glove box (the moisture < 10ppm of argon gas, nutrient < 1ppm) in, get the dimethyl carbonate accounting for the lithium-ion battery electrolytes gross mass 85.0% preventing box hat from corroding, methyl ethyl carbonate, the organic mixed solution of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, the mass ratio of ethylene carbonate is 1:1:1, add in mixed solution and account for gross mass 2.0% vinylene carbonate, the lithium hexafluoro phosphate accounting for gross mass 12.0% is slowly added in mixed solution, be stirred to lithium hexafluoro phosphate to dissolve completely, 1.0% 1 is added in the most backward mixed solution, 3-diphenyltetramethyldisilazane obtains the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding of embodiment 5.
embodiment 6.
In the glove box (moisture < 10ppm, nutrient < 1ppm) being full of argon gas, get the dimethyl carbonate accounting for the lithium-ion battery electrolytes gross mass 93.0% preventing box hat from corroding, ethylene carbonate, the organic mixed solution of gamma-butyrolacton, dimethyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate, gamma-butyrolacton mass ratio is 2:1:2, adds 1, the 3-propane sultone accounting for gross mass 1.9% in mixed solution, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-butane sultones, fluorinated ethylene carbonate, the mixture of difluoroethylene carbonate, 1,3-propane sultone, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-butane sultones, fluorinated ethylene carbonate, the mass ratio of difluoroethylene carbonate is 1:0.2:0.3:0.5, slowly adds the lithium hexafluoro phosphate accounting for gross mass 5% in mixed solution, LiBF4, the mixture of di-oxalate lithium borate, lithium hexafluoro phosphate, LiBF4, the mass ratio of di-oxalate lithium borate is 1.5:2.5:1, is stirred to lithium hexafluoro phosphate, LiBF4, di-oxalate lithium borate dissolves completely, adds 0.1% 1,3-dibutyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-disilazane, obtain the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding of embodiment 6 in the most backward mixed solution.
embodiment 7.
Be full of glove box (the moisture < 10ppm of argon gas, nutrient < 1ppm) in, get the methyl ethyl carbonate accounting for the lithium-ion battery electrolytes gross mass 83.0% preventing box hat from corroding, ethylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate mass ratio is that then 7:3 adds and account for gross mass 1.0% difluoroethylene carbonate and account for gross mass 0.5%1, 3-propene sultone, the difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium accounting for gross mass 15.0% is slowly added in mixed solution, two (trimethyl fluoride sulfonyl) imine lithium, two fluorine sulfimide lithium mixture, difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium, two (trimethyl fluoride sulfonyl) imine lithium, the mass ratio of two fluorine sulfimide lithium is 5:7:3, be stirred to difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium, two (trimethyl fluoride sulfonyl) imine lithium, two fluorine sulfimide lithium is dissolved completely, add in the most backward mixed solution and account for 1 of gross mass 0.5%, 1, 3, 3-tetramethyl-1, 3 divinyl silazane, 1, 3-diphenyltetramethyldisilazane, 1, the mixture of 3-bis-(tert-butylamino)-2-tert-butyl group disilazane, 1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethyl-1, 3 divinyl silazane, 1, 3-diphenyltetramethyldisilazane, 1, the mass ratio of 3-bis-(tert-butylamino)-2-tert-butyl group disilazane is 2:1:2, obtain the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding of embodiment 7.
embodiment 8.
In the glove box (moisture < 10ppm, nutrient < 1ppm) being full of argon gas, get the dimethyl carbonate accounting for the lithium-ion battery electrolytes gross mass 88.0% preventing box hat from corroding, methyl propyl carbonate, the organic mixed solution of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate mass ratio is 3:3:4, adds the vinylene carbonate accounting for gross mass 2.0% in mixed solution, the mixture of ethylene carbonate vinylene, vinylene carbonate, the mass ratio of ethylene carbonate vinylene is 1:1, slowly adds the lithium hexafluoro phosphate accounting for gross mass 8.0% in mixed solution, LiBF4, di-oxalate lithium borate, the mixture of difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium, lithium hexafluoro phosphate, LiBF4, di-oxalate lithium borate, the mass ratio of difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium is 2:1:3:2, is stirred to lithium hexafluoro phosphate, LiBF4, di-oxalate lithium borate, difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium dissolves completely, adds the tetramethyl-disilazane accounting for gross mass 2% in the most backward mixed solution, hexamethyldisiloxane, 1,3-diethyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-disilazane, 1,3-diphenyltetramethyldisilazane, the mixture of 1,3-bis-(tert-butylamino)-2-tert-butyl group disilazane, tetramethyl-disilazane, hexamethyldisiloxane, 1,3-diethyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-disilazane, 1,3-diphenyltetramethyldisilazane, the mass ratio of 1,3-bis-(tert-butylamino)-2-tert-butyl group disilazane is 1:2.5:3:1.5:2, obtains the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding of embodiment 8.
embodiment 9.
Be full of glove box (the moisture < 10ppm of argon gas, nutrient < 1ppm) in, get the dimethyl carbonate accounting for the lithium-ion battery electrolytes gross mass 90.0% preventing box hat from corroding, methyl ethyl carbonate, the organic mixed solution of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, the mass ratio of ethylene carbonate is 1:1:1, add in mixed solution and account for gross mass 4.7% vinylene carbonate, the lithium hexafluoro phosphate accounting for gross mass 5.0% is slowly added in mixed solution, the mixture of two fluorine sulfimide lithium, lithium hexafluoro phosphate, the mass ratio of two fluorine sulfimide lithium is 2:3, be stirred to lithium hexafluoro phosphate, two fluorine sulfimide lithium is dissolved completely, the TMSDEA of 0.3% is added in the most backward mixed solution, obtain the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding of embodiment 9.
Immerse in the lithium-ion battery electrolytes of above-mentioned comparative example and the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding of embodiment 1 ~ 9 after 18650 lithium ion battery box hats are weighed respectively, under the lithium-ion battery electrolytes of 18650 lithium ion battery box hats, comparative example and the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding of embodiment 1 ~ 9 open wide and are positioned over room temperature environment, observe 18650 lithium ion battery box hat situations after 7 hours and 96 hours, result is as shown in table 1; After 96 hours, 18650 lithium ion battery box hats are cleaned oven dry to weigh, calculate the rate of weight loss of 18650 lithium ion battery box hats, result is as shown in table 2.
Table 1
Numbering 7 hours of corrosion situations 96 hours of corrosion situations
Comparative example Slightly Seriously
Embodiment 1 Nothing Nothing
Embodiment 2 Nothing Nothing
Embodiment 3 Nothing Slightly
Embodiment 4 Nothing Nothing
Embodiment 5 Nothing Slightly
Embodiment 6 Nothing Nothing
Embodiment 7 Nothing Nothing
Embodiment 8 Nothing Nothing
Embodiment 9 Nothing Slightly
Table 2
Numbering Front heavy Rear heavy Rate of weight loss/%
Comparative example 7.3525 7.0905 3.563
Embodiment 1 7.7598 7.7585 0.017
Embodiment 2 7.7429 7.7420 0.012
Embodiment 3 7.7598 7.7542 0.072
Embodiment 4 7.6628 7.6616 0.016
Embodiment 5 7.2497 7.2412 0.117
Embodiment 6 7.7110 7.7085 0.033
Embodiment 7 7.3968 7.3958 0.014
Embodiment 8 7.7318 7.7296 0.029
Embodiment 9 7.3535 7.3486 0.066
Can see from the result of table 1, table 2, the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding of the embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 9 will be significantly less than the corrosion of lithium-ion battery electrolytes to box hat of comparative example to the corrosion of 18650 box hats.
It can thus be appreciated that the anticorrosion ability of the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding of the present invention is far superior to the lithium-ion battery electrolytes of prior art.
The above is only better embodiment of the present invention, therefore all equivalences done according to structure, feature and the principle described in patent claim of the present invention change or modify, and are included in patent claim of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. utilize the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding prepared by silazane additive, described lithium-ion battery electrolytes comprises solvent, lithium salts and silazane additive, it is characterized in that: silazane additive in lithium-ion battery electrolytes for as box hat corrosion inhibitor; Described silazane additive comprises the additive shown in two or more (1) structural formula,
(1), wherein, R 1~ R 3for methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, the tert-butyl group, phenyl, vinyl; R 4~ R 5for the group shown in hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, the tert-butyl group, phenyl, vinyl or structural formula (2), (2), wherein, R 6~ R 8for methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, the tert-butyl group, phenyl, vinyl; Described silazane additive accounts for the 0.01wt% ~ 2.00wt% of the lithium-ion battery electrolytes total content preventing box hat from corroding; Described solvent accounts for the 83wt% ~ 94.0wt% of the total content of the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding; Described lithium salts accounts for the 5.0wt% ~ 18.0wt% of the total content of the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding; In the described lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding, solvent, lithium salts and silazane additive level are 100wt%.
2. the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding utilizing silazane additive to prepare according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described solvent is the two or more mixtures in any proportion in dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, propene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, gamma-butyrolacton.
3. the lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding utilizing silazane additive to prepare according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described lithium salts is a kind of or two or more mixture in any proportion in lithium hexafluoro phosphate, LiBF4, di-oxalate lithium borate, difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium, two (trimethyl fluoride sulfonyl) imine lithium.
CN201310343494.9A 2013-08-08 2013-08-08 Silazane additive and apply its lithium-ion battery electrolytes preventing box hat from corroding prepared Active CN103401019B (en)

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