CN103384079A - Method and circuit for tracking maximum power of small and medium-sized direct-driven wind power generation systems - Google Patents
Method and circuit for tracking maximum power of small and medium-sized direct-driven wind power generation systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN103384079A CN103384079A CN201310348892XA CN201310348892A CN103384079A CN 103384079 A CN103384079 A CN 103384079A CN 201310348892X A CN201310348892X A CN 201310348892XA CN 201310348892 A CN201310348892 A CN 201310348892A CN 103384079 A CN103384079 A CN 103384079A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for tracking the maximum power of small and medium-sized direct-driven wind power generation systems. The method includes the steps: acquiring fan output voltage and output current corresponding to a maximum power point of a wind generating set at different wind speeds, namely acquiring a maximum power voltage and current characteristic curve; acquiring three-phase rectified fan voltage in real time to obtain given reference current corresponding to the fan voltage according to the maximum power voltage and current characteristic curve; acquiring three-phase rectified fan current in real time to obtain average current of a fan; enabling the average current of the fan and the given reference current to enter a proportional-integral controller for adjusting PI (proportion integral), outputting a result to a driving input end of a BUCK circuit or a BOOST circuit after adjustment, and performing feedback control. The invention further discloses a circuit for tracking the maximum power of the small and medium-sized direct-driven wind power generation systems. As the wind speed does not need to be measured, the method is simple, practical, reliable and particularly applicable to small and medium-sized direct-driven wind generating sets below 20KW.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind power generation field, especially a kind of maximum power tracking method of medium and small directly-driving wind power generation system and tracking circuit thereof.
Background technology
The tracking problem of maximum power point is the Important Problems of very giving prominence in wind generator system, regulates rotation speed of fan according to the situation that wind speed changes, and makes it run on maximum power point, thereby catches maximal wind-energy.Traditional maximum power tracking method mainly contains following three kinds:
First, optimum tip speed ratio method: the tip speed ratio that namely will keep wind energy conversion system when wind speed changes remains at the optimum value place, any like this wind speed apparatus for lower wind machine is all maximum to the utilance of wind energy, this method is that maximal power tracing is the most directly realized thought, accurately under prerequisite, have good accuracy and reaction speed at measuring wind speed.Yet the shortcoming of this method is: need measuring wind, rotating speed, and wind speed is difficult to accurately record, affects control precision; Randomness and uncertainty due to wind speed can cause the big ups and downs of wind energy conversion system power output; System complex, cost is high, reliability is low.
Second, power signal feedback transmitter: by measuring the rotational speed omega of wind energy conversion system, and according to the maximum power curve of wind energy conversion system, calculate and the corresponding wind energy conversion system peak power output of this rotating speed Pmax, with its power output set-point Pref as wind energy conversion system, and compare with the measured value P of output of a generator and obtain the margin of error, through demodulator, wind energy conversion system is controlled, to realize the tracking of maximum power point.The shortcoming of this method is to need to detect rotating speed, concerning Small Wind-electric Systems, and more complicated.
The 3rd, search by hill climbing method: give disturbance of output current of wind energy conversion system, determine current increment according to output of a generator, control the power of blower fan by the output current of controlling generator.The shortcoming of this method is that wind speed changes soon, is difficult to effective tracking.
Summary of the invention
Primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of and need not measuring wind, can carry out to maximum power the maximum power tracking method of the medium and small directly-driving wind power generation system of simple, practical and reliable tracking.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme: a kind of maximum power tracking method of medium and small directly-driving wind power generation system, the method comprise the step of following order:
(1) obtain the corresponding blower fan output voltage of the maximum power point of wind turbine generator under different wind speed and output current, i.e. maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve;
(2) blower voltage of Real-time Collection after three phase rectifier according to the maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve, obtains the given reference current corresponding with described blower voltage; The blower fan electric current of Real-time Collection after three phase rectifier obtains the blower fan average current;
(3) blower fan average current and given reference current are entered pi controller and carry out the PI integral adjustment, the driving input that exports BUCK circuit or BOOST circuit after adjusting to carries out FEEDBACK CONTROL.
Described maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve by the test, producer is given or the method for automatic search obtains.
Described blower fan average current is obtained divided by times of collection by the summation of the blower fan electric current that gathers.
another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of tracking circuit of implementing the maximum power tracking method of medium and small directly-driving wind power generation system, comprise blower fan rectification input circuit, its output is connected with the input of BUCK circuit or BOOST circuit, the output termination storage battery of BUCK circuit or BOOST circuit, be used for gathering blower voltage, the sample circuit of blower fan electric current is connected with the signal input part of single chip machine controlling circuit, the signal output part of single chip machine controlling circuit is connected by the driving input of drive circuit with BUCK circuit or BOOST circuit, memory stores maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve in single chip machine controlling circuit.
Described BUCK circuit comprises electrochemical capacitor C1, it is connected across on the output of blower fan rectification input circuit, the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor C1 connects the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is connected with the output of drive circuit, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is connected with the negative electrode of diode D1, an end of inductance L 1 respectively, the other end of inductance L 1 is connected with the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor C2, the anode of diode D2 respectively, the negative electrode of diode D2 is connected with the positive pole of storage battery B, and the anode of diode D1 is connected with the negative pole of electrochemical capacitor C2, the negative pole of storage battery B respectively; Unloading circuit is connected between blower fan rectification input circuit and BUCK circuit; Described sample circuit comprises for the voltage sensor that gathers blower voltage, and the current sensor that is used for gathering the blower fan electric current, the output of voltage sensor, current sensor all is connected with the signal input part of single chip machine controlling circuit, and the signal output part of single chip machine controlling circuit is connected with the input of drive circuit.
Described unloading circuit is comprised of electric power generation unloading resistance R1 and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, the positive pole of the termination electrochemical capacitor C1 of electric power generation unloading resistance R1, and the other end is connected with the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, and the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is connected with the anode of diode D1.
As shown from the above technical solution, the present invention by test, producer is given or the method for automatic search obtains corresponding blower fan output voltage and the output current of the maximum power point under different wind speed of wind turbine generator, be the maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve, or the approximate maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve of pressing; By real-time detection three phase rectifier rear fan voltage, according to the maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve, obtain corresponding given reference current, then gather calculating blower fan average current, DC-DC converter link is carried out FEEDBACK CONTROL, thereby realize the blower fan maximal power tracing.Owing to need not measuring wind, simple, practical and reliable, be specially adapted to the following middle-size and small-size direct wind-driven generator group of 20KW.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is circuit block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is maximum power voltage-current curve figure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 hinders by power transformation blower voltage and the blower fan electricity stream correspondence table that method of testing obtains.
Embodiment
A kind of maximum power tracking method of medium and small directly-driving wind power generation system, the method comprises the step of following order: (1) obtains the corresponding blower fan output voltage of the maximum power point of wind turbine generator under different wind speed and output current, i.e. maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve; (2) blower voltage of Real-time Collection after three phase rectifier according to the maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve, obtains the given reference current corresponding with described blower voltage; The blower fan electric current of Real-time Collection after three phase rectifier obtains the blower fan average current; (3) blower fan average current and given reference current are entered pi controller and carry out the PI integral adjustment, the driving input that exports BUCK circuit or BOOST circuit after adjusting to carries out FEEDBACK CONTROL.Described maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve by the test, producer is given or the method for automatic search obtains.Described blower fan average current is obtained divided by times of collection by the summation of the blower fan electric current that gathers, such as, gather 20 times, get the dynamo-electric stream of average wind of 20 times.
Centering miniature direct-drive type wind generator system is found in practice, under certain wind speed, and the output current of regulator generator, the power output of generator can change thereupon.Under certain wind speed, there are an output voltage and output current, the power output of this moment is maximum, Here it is the maximum power electric current and voltage point of wind energy conversion system under certain wind speed.The maximum power electric current and voltage point of testing under the subsidy wind speed is linked to be curve, is exactly this wind energy conversion system maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve, as shown in Figure 3.
Obtain the maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve, the method of test can adopt the change electric-resistivity method, namely adopt wind-tunnel or vehicle-mounted mode, controlled wind speed accesses different loads at 1 metre per second (m/s) after the blower fan rectification, measure one group of data, record generated output at this moment, blower voltage and blower fan electric current, as shown in Figure 4, find maximum power point, this maximum power point is not point corresponding to maximum resistance or minimum resistance.If so, also will continue changes in resistance, no matter until resistance increases or reduces, the power output of blower fan all can descend, and what this load resistance was corresponding is maximum power point.Test successively the maximum power point under various wind speed, the data of test can be decided as required.Maximum power point after test being found out, drawn the car curve, is exactly the maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve of this blower fan, as shown in Figure 3.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, this circuit comprises blower fan rectification input circuit 1, its output is connected with the input of BUCK circuit or BOOST circuit, the output termination storage battery of BUCK circuit or BOOST circuit, the sample circuit that is used for collection blower voltage, blower fan electric current is connected with the signal input part of single chip machine controlling circuit 3, the signal output part of single chip machine controlling circuit 3 is connected with the driving input of BUCK circuit or BOOST circuit by drive circuit 4, the memory stores maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve in single chip machine controlling circuit 3.
as shown in Figure 2, described BUCK circuit comprises electrochemical capacitor C1, it is connected across on the output of blower fan rectification input circuit 1, the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor C1 connects the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is connected with the output of drive circuit 4, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 respectively with the negative electrode of diode D1, one end of inductance L 1 is connected, the other end of inductance L 1 respectively with the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor C2, the anode of diode D2 is connected, the negative electrode of diode D2 is connected with the positive pole of storage battery B, the anode of diode D1 respectively with the negative pole of electrochemical capacitor C2, the negative pole of storage battery B is connected, unloading circuit 2 is connected between blower fan rectification input circuit 1 and BUCK circuit, described sample circuit comprises for the voltage sensor that gathers blower voltage, and the current sensor that is used for gathering the blower fan electric current, the output of voltage sensor, current sensor all is connected with the signal input part of single chip machine controlling circuit 3, and the signal output part of single chip machine controlling circuit 3 is connected with the input of drive circuit 4.
As shown in Figure 2, described unloading circuit 2 is comprised of electric power generation unloading resistance R1 and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, the positive pole of the termination electrochemical capacitor C1 of electric power generation unloading resistance R1, and the other end is connected with the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, and the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is connected with the anode of diode D1.After blower fan is not controlled rectification by three-phase, adopt the realization of BUCK circuit or BOOST circuit to the charging of storage battery B, by the anti-reflection function of diode D2 realization to storage battery B; After rectification, before the BUCK circuit, realize unloading to blower fan by electric power generation unloading resistance R1 and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2.
In sum, the present invention by test, producer is given or the method for automatic search obtains corresponding blower fan output voltage and the output current of the maximum power point under different wind speed of wind turbine generator, be the maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve, or the approximate maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve of pressing; By real-time detection three phase rectifier rear fan voltage, according to the maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve, obtain corresponding given reference current, then gather calculating blower fan average current, DC-DC converter link is carried out FEEDBACK CONTROL, thereby realize the blower fan maximal power tracing.Owing to need not measuring wind, simple, practical and reliable, be specially adapted to the following middle-size and small-size direct wind-driven generator group of 20KW.
Claims (6)
1. the maximum power tracking method of a medium and small directly-driving wind power generation system, the method comprises the step of following order:
(1) obtain the corresponding blower fan output voltage of the maximum power point of wind turbine generator under different wind speed and output current, i.e. maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve;
(2) blower voltage of Real-time Collection after three phase rectifier according to the maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve, obtains the given reference current corresponding with described blower voltage; The blower fan electric current of Real-time Collection after three phase rectifier obtains the blower fan average current;
(3) blower fan average current and given reference current are entered pi controller and carry out the PI integral adjustment, the driving input that exports BUCK circuit or BOOST circuit after adjusting to carries out FEEDBACK CONTROL.
2. the maximum power tracking method of medium and small directly-driving wind power generation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve by test, producer is given or the method for automatic search obtains.
3. the maximum power tracking method of medium and small directly-driving wind power generation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described blower fan average current is obtained divided by times of collection by the summation of the blower fan electric current that gathers.
4. implement the tracking circuit of the described method of any one in claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: comprise blower fan rectification input circuit, its output is connected with the input of BUCK circuit or BOOST circuit, the output termination storage battery of BUCK circuit or BOOST circuit, be used for gathering blower voltage, the sample circuit of blower fan electric current is connected with the signal input part of single chip machine controlling circuit, the signal output part of single chip machine controlling circuit is connected by the driving input of drive circuit with BUCK circuit or BOOST circuit, memory stores maximum power volt-ampere characteristic curve in single chip machine controlling circuit.
5. tracking circuit according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described BUCK circuit comprises electrochemical capacitor C1, it is connected across on the output of blower fan rectification input circuit, the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor C1 connects the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is connected with the output of drive circuit, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 respectively with the negative electrode of diode D1, one end of inductance L 1 is connected, the other end of inductance L 1 respectively with the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor C2, the anode of diode D2 is connected, the negative electrode of diode D2 is connected with the positive pole of storage battery B, the anode of diode D1 respectively with the negative pole of electrochemical capacitor C2, the negative pole of storage battery B is connected, unloading circuit is connected between blower fan rectification input circuit and BUCK circuit, described sample circuit comprises for the voltage sensor that gathers blower voltage, and the current sensor that is used for gathering the blower fan electric current, the output of voltage sensor, current sensor all is connected with the signal input part of single chip machine controlling circuit, and the signal output part of single chip machine controlling circuit is connected with the input of drive circuit.
6. tracking circuit according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described unloading circuit is comprised of electric power generation unloading resistance R1 and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, the positive pole of the termination electrochemical capacitor C1 of electric power generation unloading resistance R1, the other end is connected with the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, and the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is connected with the anode of diode D1.
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| CN104242424A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2014-12-24 | 苏州克兰兹电子科技有限公司 | Charge circuit of small wind power generator |
| CN108180108A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-19 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of MPPT wireless sensor wind collecting methods based on resistance emulation |
| CN108599260A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-09-28 | 合肥为民电源有限公司 | A kind of generated output power control method and device inhibiting harmonic current |
| CN111290471A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-06-16 | 南京工程学院 | A Novel Maximum Power Tracking Microcontroller for Thermoelectric Power Generation System |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN104242424A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2014-12-24 | 苏州克兰兹电子科技有限公司 | Charge circuit of small wind power generator |
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| CN111290471A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-06-16 | 南京工程学院 | A Novel Maximum Power Tracking Microcontroller for Thermoelectric Power Generation System |
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Application publication date: 20131106 |