CN1033763A - Tool clip locking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is a chuck locking device for machine tools. It is based on a chamber filled with an elastic medium capable of generating very high pressures on the shaft, locking it in the jacket. Effortlessly manually manipulated by the machine operator a mechanical control is externally controlled and does not create the detrimental shear stresses found on conventional fixtures.

Description

The present invention described relates to a chuck locking device for machine tools which enables the machine operator to generate a considerable clamping force with minimal physical effort, so that it has a significant advantage over currently used locking devices. technological progress.

As is known, slotted tapered sleeves or collets, which hold the tool, are inserted into appropriate holes in the collet and locked in the collet, generally by mechanical means requiring physical exertion by the machine operator. Under normal conditions, sleeves are subjected to a great deal of mechanical stress and are therefore prone to wear and cracks, and components subjected to high stress are often prone to various mechanical failures. In particular, conventional collets are locked by ring nuts, often in the rough manner of hammer blows with the obvious risk of damage. Dangerous shear stresses are then generated and the chuck locking accuracy is compromised.

The device of the present invention is based on the innovative principle of locking the collets with elastic fluid. It uses a very high hydrodynamic compression ratio to generate enormous clamping forces inside the collet, and is operated from the outside by a simple screw set on the outside diameter of the collet itself.

This hydraulic chuck with vertical piston locking can also be applied to milling chucks with cylindrical shanks with a wide range of diameters by means of simple reduction gears.

In an embodiment of the invention, the collet is provided with a cavity filled with an elastic medium capable of generating pressure against a double piston acting on a locking device in the form of a double or single slotted conical sleeve or jacket , lock the sleeve or jacket in the main taper hole. The pressure of the elastic medium can be adjusted by mechanical control or by the operator with effortless manual turning of the screw.

The device of the present invention is a further development over the device described in the prior patent application WO 86/01758 of the same Applicant. In particular, it can not only be locked with the diameter of the collet but also can be directly locked by sliding the taper sleeve in a wide range of diameters. The taper sleeve can be self-positioned on tools of all diameters without changing the collet. It uses a little pressure and requires no hand tightening or wrench tightening.

Brief description of the drawings

Features, objects and advantages of the apparatus of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment. The scope of the present invention is not limited by the preferred embodiment. With reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a chuck equipped with a locking device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pipeline arrangement of the elastically compressed medium.

Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment

With reference to accompanying drawing, the collet that uses described device of the present invention can have any existing pattern, therefore, its collet body 1 and the machine tool that can be used for any model or size have international standard taper, Morse taper, garden hole for example , etc. handles 2 end together. At the bottom, the chuck body 1 has a hole large enough to hold three jaws 30, a support pin 31 and a jaw sleeve 32 which are coupled and locked towards the center, so that a tool is clamped between them, the tool is generally a garden cylinder shape and with current sizes and models. The jaw sleeve is stuck on the bottom of the chuck body 1 by a lock nut. In order to clamp a wide range of tool diameters, the jaws 30, jaw sleeve 32 and support pin 31 must be allowed to move within the housing by applying light pressure to them to raise them. Returning to the starting point, the tool can simply be removed from the jaws 30 . The spring 34 is always in a lightly pressed state downwards, which makes the jaws 30 return to the starting point.

The thrust of high compression ratio is transmitted to the double piston 7 through the elastic material between the high-pressure sealing ring 8 at the lower end and the high-pressure sealing ring 9 at the upper end through the small hole 14 . The elastic material comes from the elastic material stored in the cylinder 12 in which the piston 11 moves axially through the high pressure sealing ring 18 instead of circularly, which can be manually controlled by the operator through the control pin 13 . The control pin 13 is screwed into a central threaded hole of a threaded stop ring 17 acting on the piston 11 via a ball bearing 16 .

The inclusion of elastic material in the hydraulic circuit is indispensable for the function of the device. Typically, the elastic material used is oil, but any other suitable material such as micro-rollers is also possible. The device must be provided with an outward drain consisting of a ball seal 20, valve 15 and an associated safety pin 19. It allows the locking stroke of the double piston 7 and, therefore, fully utilizes the jaw sleeve.

The return of the double piston 7 is accomplished by means of a set of Belleville spring washers 25 arranged on a threaded rod 26 provided with a stop pin 27 . Belleville spring washers 25 in combination with the conical height of the two bi-conical jaw sleeves 32 allow quick opening of the chuck, so that tool changes can be made very quickly. The collet body has two sealing plugs 21 and 22 as balancing holes on opposite sides of the cylinder 12 provided.

In order for the double piston 7 to move freely, the possible friction should be eliminated. Therefore, the high-pressure seal ring has relatively small teeth, because these teeth are made of special compounds, so they can withstand very high pressure. pressure without overheating. Because the elastomeric material that keeps the jaw sleeves locked is sealed against the upper part of the collet, it cannot lose pressure.

In particular, it should be emphasized that this locking device can also be arranged at other positions in the chuck body. It can therefore be located on the side or under the main jaw sleeve instead of above as shown in the drawings of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. This device is capable of generating enormous clamping forces ranging from 15 to 45 tons or more.

This device securely locks the tool, even under very severe operating conditions. This ensures that the knives will not slip, spin, twist or deform, making them suitable for most handling situations without requiring maintenance or special care.

From the foregoing, it can be clearly seen that the device according to the invention fully satisfies all intended purposes and has many advantages in terms of tool locking. At the same time, it can also be clearly seen that various modifications that can be made to the components or details of the device of the present invention without changing the essence and purpose of the present invention cannot damage the scope of protection defined in the claims.

Claims (9)

1, chuck locking device, it is characterized in that: collet body is provided with a chamber that is full of elastic fluid, it can produce pressure to double-piston, this piston action is on the locking device of two or the chuck form of singly cracking, chuck is locked in the main cone hole, and the pressure of elastic fluid can utilize machine control unit or control bearing pin by operating personnel's manual operation like a dream.

2, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that pressure medium is incompressible liquid, for example oil.

3, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that pressure medium is a kind of flowable material, Miniature ball for example,

4, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that double-piston is to move under the high-pressure seal ring guiding of the tooth that is oppositely arranged made by special compound in the pressure chamber of chuck.

5, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the elastic fluid hydraulic circuit is provided with an outside eduction gear, and this device is by a spherical sealer, drains the pin valve for one and forms with a safe pivot pin that links to each other.

6, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is to utilize a piston to carry out that pressure in the chuck hydraulic circuit is regulated, this piston be in chuck, hollow out and with cylinder body that the chamber links to each other in mobile and do not rotate; Utilize one can to handle by mechanical control pin with simple proper tools the outside machine operation personnel of chuck.

7, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the double-piston backstroke utilizes one group of Belleville spring washer to carry out, and this group spring washer is to arrange along the axial restraint studdle of this device.

8,, it is characterized in that the cavity of mounting cutter also includes three jaws, a support lock shaft and a conical ring nut according to one or more described device of aforesaid right requirement; With shedding cutter, therefore do not need by hand or spanner replacing chuck and screw once cutter being risen with the downward light opposed light pressure of interior return spring of pressing that remains unchanged.

9,, it is characterized in that locking jaw and both can when chuck is locked, also can when chuck is opened, slide rapidly according to one or more described device of aforesaid right requirement.

Images