CN103359164B - For the steering wheel arrangement of steering-by-wire vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a steering wheel device for a steer-by-wire vehicle, which aims at accurately detecting the rotation angle of the steering wheel, can provide the driver with an adjustable and suitable road feeling, and can change the working mode, Adjust the number of turns of the steering wheel to complete a full turn. The driving shaft is fixedly connected with the input shaft of the angular displacement sensor through a coupling, the drive nut is installed in conjunction with the screw shaft, the return spring is fixedly connected with the drive nut through the support, the electromagnet is fixedly connected with the drive nut, and the iron core of the electromagnet is connected with the drive nut. The baffle is connected by a pin shaft, grooves of different lengths are arranged at the front and rear of the stroke baffle, the transmission nut is fixedly connected with the linkage rod, the working oil port of the oil cylinder is connected with the working oil port of the proportional throttle valve through the pipeline, and the two sides of the oil cylinder A differential pressure sensor is installed between the two working oil pipelines. The invention is suitable for engineering vehicles as a steering wheel with steering by wire.

Description

Steering wheel devices for steer-by-wire vehicles

technical field

The invention relates to a vehicle steering device, in particular to a steering wheel device for a steering-by-wire vehicle.

Background technique

The function of the steering system is to control the driving direction of the vehicle. The system should be able to keep the vehicle running in a straight line stably and flexibly change the driving direction according to the requirements. The basic requirements for the steering system are light and flexible operation, stable and reliable operation, and economical and durable use. The steering performance is an important factor to ensure the safe driving of the vehicle, reduce the labor intensity of the driver, and improve the work productivity. The steering system is a key assembly that determines vehicle safety and operating efficiency.

With the improvement of application conditions and the development of modern technology, the performance of vehicle steering system needs to be further improved to solve the problems existing in the original steering system, such as non-adjustable steering sensitivity and road feeling, complex structure, and high noise. Steering performance, scientific and technological workers are committed to research on steering-by-wire technology. It connects and controls various components of the steering system through microelectronics technology to replace traditional mechanical or hydraulic connections. The steer-by-wire technology uses sensors to record the driver's steering data, and then transmits the signal to the electronic control unit (ECU) on the vehicle through the data line. After the ECU makes a judgment based on these and other signals, it controls the steering angle of the vehicle. Due to the cancellation of the mechanical connection between the steering wheel and the steering wheel, it completely gets rid of various restrictions of the traditional steering system, so the design and assembly of the vehicle are greatly simplified, and the force transmission characteristics and angle transmission characteristics of the vehicle steering can also be freely designed. , is a major innovation in the vehicle steering system. Especially on construction machinery, especially loaders, the steering system has higher requirements. The existing main technical solution is to install a full hydraulic steering gear at the bottom of the steering wheel, and control the flow to the steering cylinder by turning the steering wheel. This steering method There are many problems. First, since the selected steering gear is fixed, the number of turns of the steering wheel required to go from one limit position to another limit position during steering is also fixed. When carrying out loading operations, frequent large-angle steering is required To complete the work, the labor intensity of the operator is very large. Secondly, the driver does not have a suitable road feeling during driving, and the operation is uncomfortable. Thirdly, since the full hydraulic steering gear needs to be installed at the lower end of the steering wheel, the pipeline must be led near the cab, which increases the assembly process. The complexity and the noise in the cab.

Therefore, it is very necessary to design a steering wheel device for steer-by-wire vehicles, which is beneficial to promote the development, development and application of steer-by-wire systems.

Contents of the invention

The steering wheel device for steer-by-wire vehicles provided by the present invention can accurately detect the rotation angle of the steering wheel, can provide the driver with an adjustable and suitable road feeling, and can change the working mode and adjust the steering wheel under different working conditions. The number of turns for full steering.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: the device is mainly composed of a driving bevel gear, a stroke baffle, a limit stopper, a stopper support seat, a screw shaft, a transmission nut, a linkage rod, and a box body. , oil cylinder, differential pressure sensor, proportional throttle valve, angular displacement sensor, coupling, oil supply valve, oil tank, driven bevel gear, driving shaft, electromagnet, return spring and steering wheel; the angular displacement sensor is fixedly installed On the box body, the rotating rod of the steering wheel is fixedly connected with the upper end of the driving shaft through a coupling, and the lower end of the driving shaft is fixedly connected with the input shaft of the angular displacement sensor through a coupling, and the shaft of the angular displacement sensor The center line is installed concentrically with the axis of the driving shaft, the driving shaft is mounted on the box through bearings, the driving bevel gear is fixedly connected with the driving shaft, and the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are engaged and installed in cooperation, The driven bevel gear is fixedly installed on the left end of the screw shaft, the two sides of the screw shaft are installed on the box through bearings, the transmission nut is installed in cooperation with the screw shaft, and the transmission nut and the stopper The support seat is fixedly connected, the limit stop is movably connected to the stop support seat through a pin shaft, one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the stop support seat, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the limit stop, The electromagnet is installed on the block support seat, the iron core of the electromagnet is connected with the limit block through the pin shaft, the travel baffle is fixedly installed on the box body, and the rear side of the travel baffle is set There is a short groove, and a long groove is arranged on the front side of the stroke baffle, the long groove on the front side of the stroke baffle and the center position of the short groove on the rear side in the length direction coincide with each other, and the drive nut and the short groove on the rear side coincide with each other. The linkage rod is fixedly connected, and the linkage rod is fixedly connected with the output rods at both ends of the oil cylinder. The working oil port of the oil cylinder is correspondingly connected with the working oil port of the proportional throttle valve through the pipeline. Between the two working oil pipelines of the oil cylinder A differential pressure sensor is installed.

Two guard plates are arranged on the support seat of the stopper to move in contact with both sides of the limit stopper, and only the limit stopper is allowed to rotate around the pin shaft between the two guard plates. An oil replenishment valve is respectively arranged on the two working oil pipelines of the oil cylinder, the oil inlet of the oil replenishment valve is connected with the fuel tank, and the closed fuel tank is installed on the box body. The box body is a welded piece with detachable panels on the front and rear sides. The limit block is a U-shaped fork structure.

The beneficial effect of adopting the present invention is that it can accurately detect the rotation angle of the steering wheel, can provide the driver with an adjustable and suitable road feeling, and can change the working mode under different working conditions and adjust the steering wheel to complete the full steering circle. It has good promotion and application value.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the steering wheel device for a steer-by-wire vehicle according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a left view of the steering wheel device for a steer-by-wire vehicle according to the present invention;

Fig. 3 is A-A sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a B-B sectional view of Fig. 1 .

In the figure: active bevel gear 1 stroke baffle 2 limit stopper 3 stopper support seat 4 lead screw shaft 5 transmission nut 6 linkage rod 7 box body 8 oil cylinder 9 differential pressure sensor 10 proportional throttle valve 11 angular displacement sensor 12 couplets Shaft device 13 Oil supply valve 14 Fuel tank 15 Driven bevel gear 16 Drive shaft 17 Electromagnet 18 Return spring 19 Steering wheel 20

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the device is mainly composed of driving bevel gear 1, travel baffle plate 2, limit block 3, block support seat 4, screw shaft 5, transmission nut 6, linkage Rod 7, box body 8, oil cylinder 9, differential pressure sensor 10, proportional throttle valve 11, angular displacement sensor 12, coupling 13, oil supply valve 14, oil tank 15, driven bevel gear 16, drive shaft 17, electromagnetic iron 18, return spring 19 and steering wheel 20; the angular displacement sensor 12 is fixedly installed on the box body 8 through bolts, the rotating rod of the steering wheel 20 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the driving shaft 17 through a coupling, and the driving The lower end of the shaft 17 is fixedly connected with the input shaft of the angular displacement sensor 12 through a shaft coupling 13, and the axis line of the angular displacement sensor 12 is installed concentrically with the axis line of the driving shaft 17, and the driving shaft 17 is installed on the shaft through a bearing. On the box body 8, the driving bevel gear 1 and the driving shaft 17 are fixedly connected with the shaft end retaining ring through a key, and the driving bevel gear 1 and the driven bevel gear 16 are installed in meshing transmission, and the driven bevel gear 16 is installed through The key and the shaft end retaining ring are fixedly installed on the left end of the screw shaft 5, and the two sides of the screw shaft 5 are installed on the box body 8 through bearings, and the transmission nut 6 is installed in transmission with the screw shaft 5, and the The drive nut 6 is welded to the block support seat 4, the limit block 3 is movably connected to the block support seat 4 through a pin shaft, one end of the return spring 19 is fixedly connected to the block support seat 4, and the reset The other end of the spring 19 is fixedly connected with the limit block 3, and the electromagnet 18 is installed on the block support seat 4 by bolts, and the iron core of the electromagnet 18 is movably connected with the limit block 3 through a pin shaft. The stroke baffle 2 is fixedly installed on the box body 8 by bolts, a short groove is arranged on the rear side of the stroke baffle 2, a long groove is arranged on the front side of the stroke baffle 2, and a long groove is arranged on the front side of the stroke baffle 2. 2. The long grooves on the front side and the short grooves on the rear side coincide with each other in the length direction center positions, the transmission nut 6 is fixedly connected to the linkage rod 7 by bolts, and the linkage rod 7 is fixedly connected to the output rods at both ends of the oil cylinder 9, The working oil port of the oil cylinder 9 is correspondingly connected with the working oil port of the proportional throttle valve 11 through a pipeline, and a differential pressure sensor 10 is installed between the two working oil pipelines of the oil cylinder 9 .

Two guard plates are provided on the stopper supporting seat 4 to move in contact with both sides of the limit stopper 3, and only the limit stopper 3 is allowed to rotate around the pin shaft between the two guard plates. An oil replenishment valve 14 is respectively arranged on the two working oil pipelines of the oil cylinder 9 , the oil inlet of the oil replenishment valve 14 is connected with a fuel tank 15 , and the closed fuel tank 15 is installed on the casing 8 . The box body 8 is a welded piece with detachable panels on the front and rear sides. The limit block 3 is a U-shaped fork structure.

When the vehicle needs to transfer the vehicle after completing the task at a job site, the vehicle is required to have a higher driving speed, press the travel mode button, the electromagnet 18 is energized and the iron core action overcomes the spring tension of the return spring 19 to make the limit The stopper 3 moves into the long groove of the travel baffle plate 2, and now the vehicle is in the normal walking mode, and the angle of the steering wheel 20 full steering rotation is 900°. When the steering wheel 20 rotates, the driving bevel gear 1 and the driven bevel gear 16 mesh and drive to drive the screw shaft 5 to rotate, and the screw shaft 5 drives the drive nut 6 to move left and right. The stroke is controlled by the long groove of the stroke baffle 2. When the steering wheel When 20 turns to the full steering position, the limit block 3 moves under the drive of the drive nut 6 and touches the side wall surface of the long groove of the travel baffle 2 to be restricted from moving, so that the steering wheel 20 is limited. The transmission nut 6 is fixed with the output rod of the oil cylinder 9 through the linkage rod 7, the movement of the transmission nut 6 drives the movement of the output rod of the oil cylinder 9, and the hydraulic oil output from a working oil port of the oil cylinder 9 enters the proportional throttle valve 11, The hydraulic oil from the proportional throttle valve 11 enters another working oil port of the cylinder 9, and the proportional throttle valve 11 opens different throttle areas according to the road surface information transmitted from the electric control unit, so that the two working ports of the cylinder 9 There is a corresponding pressure difference between the oil ports, and the force generated by the pressure difference acts on the steering wheel to generate a corresponding damping force, which can provide the driver with corresponding road feeling feedback. The differential pressure sensor 10 continuously detects the working oil of the cylinder 9 The pressure difference between the ports and output an electric signal to the electric control unit, and the electric control unit controls and adjusts the throttle area of the proportional throttle valve 11, so as to achieve a proper road feeling state. When the vehicle is driving at the work site, press the operation mode button, the electromagnet 18 is in a power-off state, and the limit block 3 enters the short groove of the travel baffle 2 under the action of the spring tension of the return spring 19, and the vehicle is in operation In the walking mode, the full steering angle of the steering wheel 20 is 180°. If the limit block 3 is not within the length of the short groove, the limit block 3 will be pressed tightly on the travel baffle 2 under the spring tension of the back-moving spring 19. The stopper 3 enters the short groove under the spring tension of the return spring 19, and the vehicle is in the working mode, that is, the full steering angle of the steering wheel 20 is changed to 180°. The drive shaft 17 is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the angular displacement sensor 12 through a shaft coupling 13, and the angular displacement sensor 12 detects the rotation angle of the steering wheel 20 and outputs an electric signal to the electric control unit, and the electric control unit gives a control signal to control the steering The oil cylinder realizes the steering action. When the hydraulic oil in the circuit was reduced, the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 15 supplied oil to the circuit through the replenishment valve 14 .

It can be seen from the above that the device can accurately detect the rotation angle of the steering wheel, provide the driver with an adjustable and suitable road feeling, and adjust the number of turns of the steering wheel to complete the full steering according to different working modes.

Claims (5)

1. A steering wheel device for a steer-by-wire vehicle, characterized in that it mainly consists of a driving bevel gear (1), a stroke baffle (2), a limit stopper (3), a stopper support seat (4), Screw shaft (5), transmission nut (6), linkage rod (7), box body (8), oil cylinder (9), differential pressure sensor (10), proportional throttle valve (11), angular displacement sensor (12 ), coupling (13), oil filling valve (14), oil tank (15), driven bevel gear (16), driving shaft (17), electromagnet (18), return spring (19) and steering wheel (20 ) composition; the angular displacement sensor (12) is fixedly mounted on the casing (8), the rotating rod of the steering wheel (20) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the driving shaft (17) through a coupling, and the driving shaft ( 17) The lower end is fixedly connected with the input shaft of the angular displacement sensor (12) through a shaft coupling (13), and the axis line of the angular displacement sensor (12) is installed concentrically with the axis line of the drive shaft (17), so The driving shaft (17) is installed on the box body (8) through a bearing, the driving bevel gear (1) is fixedly connected with the driving shaft (17), and the driving bevel gear (1) is connected with the driven bevel gear (16) The meshing transmission is installed in cooperation, the driven bevel gear (16) is fixedly installed on the left end of the screw shaft (5), and the two sides of the screw shaft (5) are installed on the box body (8) through bearings, and the The transmission nut (6) is installed in cooperation with the screw shaft (5), the transmission nut (6) is fixedly connected with the stopper support seat (4), and the limit stopper (3) is movably connected to the stopper through the pin shaft. On the block support seat (4), one end of the return spring (19) is fixedly connected with the block support seat (4), and the other end of the return spring (19) is fixedly connected with the limit stopper (3). The iron (18) is installed on the block support seat (4), the iron core of the electromagnet (18) and the limit block (3) are movably connected through the pin shaft, and the travel baffle (2) is fixedly installed on the On the box body (8), a short groove is arranged on the rear side of the stroke baffle (2), and a long groove is arranged on the front side of the stroke baffle (2), and the front side of the stroke baffle (2) The center positions of the long groove on the side and the short groove on the rear side coincide with each other in the length direction, the transmission nut (6) is fixedly connected with the linkage rod (7), and the output of the linkage rod (7) and the two ends of the oil cylinder (9) The rod is fixedly connected, the working oil port of the oil cylinder (9) is correspondingly connected with the working oil port of the proportional throttle valve (11) through the pipeline, and a differential pressure sensor ( 10). 2. The steering wheel device for steer-by-wire vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the block support base (4) is provided with two guard plates and two movable sides of the limit block (3). The mating contact only allows the limit stopper (3) to rotate around the pin between the two guard plates. 3. The steering wheel device for a steer-by-wire vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: a fuel supply valve (14) is respectively arranged on the two working oil pipelines of the oil cylinder (9), and the fuel supply valve (14) ) is connected with the fuel tank (15), and the closed fuel tank (15) is installed on the casing (8). 4. The steering wheel device for steer-by-wire vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the box body (8) is a welded piece with detachable panels on the front and rear sides. 5. The steering wheel device for steer-by-wire vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the limit block (3) is a U-shaped fork structure.