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CN103346402B - Omni-directional ultra-wide band wafer antenna - Google Patents

Omni-directional ultra-wide band wafer antenna Download PDF

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CN103346402B
CN103346402B CN201310241591.7A CN201310241591A CN103346402B CN 103346402 B CN103346402 B CN 103346402B CN 201310241591 A CN201310241591 A CN 201310241591A CN 103346402 B CN103346402 B CN 103346402B
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circular
metal sheet
floor
round platform
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CN103346402A (en
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邱景辉
王琳月
特尼格尔
杨彩田
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Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
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Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
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Abstract

一种全向超宽带圆片天线,它涉及一种天线,具体涉及一种全向超宽带圆片天线。本发明为了解决现有圆片开槽天线在通信中不能覆盖多个频段的问题。本发明包括圆形金属片、圆环形金属片、金属圆台、同轴线、金属地板和四个金属杆,圆环形金属片与金属地板由上至下并排平行设置,圆环形金属片的下表面与金属地板的上表面通过四个金属杆连接,圆形金属片的外边缘与圆环形金属片的内边缘形成环形缝隙,金属圆台固定安装在金属地板上表面的中部,同轴线的上端由下至上依次穿过金属地板、金属圆台,同轴线的外导体与金属地板和金属圆台接触,同轴线的内芯与圆形金属片下表面的中心连接。本发明用于无线电领域。

An omnidirectional ultra-wideband disc antenna relates to an antenna, in particular to an omnidirectional ultra-wideband disc antenna. The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing wafer slotted antenna cannot cover multiple frequency bands in communication. The invention includes a circular metal sheet, a ring-shaped metal sheet, a metal round table, a coaxial line, a metal floor and four metal rods, the ring-shaped metal sheet and the metal floor are arranged side by side in parallel from top to bottom, and the ring-shaped metal sheet The lower surface of the metal floor is connected with the upper surface of the metal floor through four metal rods, the outer edge of the circular metal sheet forms an annular gap with the inner edge of the circular metal sheet, and the metal round platform is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper surface of the metal floor, coaxial The upper end of the line passes through the metal floor and the metal round table in turn from bottom to top, the outer conductor of the coaxial line is in contact with the metal floor and the metal round table, and the inner core of the coaxial line is connected with the center of the lower surface of the circular metal sheet. The invention is used in the radio field.

Description

一种全向超宽带圆片天线An Omnidirectional Ultra-Wideband Disk Antenna

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种天线,具体涉及一种全向超宽带圆片天线。The invention relates to an antenna, in particular to an omnidirectional ultra-wideband disc antenna.

背景技术Background technique

超宽带天线一直被广泛应用于通信系统当中,以覆盖多个通信频段,实现天线复用功能。但在一些应用环境中,对天线的纵向尺寸有着严格限制,这就需要保证天线带宽及全向辐射的同时,最大可能的减小天线的高度。传统超宽带全向天线,如双锥天线、旋转体天线等在高度上往往不能满足要求。近年来国内外学者对新型低形态天线展开了研究,其中圆片开槽天线在纵向尺寸缩小上表现出良好的性质,但是其物理结构决定其只具有7%左右的宽带,之后的研究者通过在圆片周围添加短路线拓宽其带宽,但依旧不能够满足对于通信上覆盖多个频段的要求。因此实现天线高度最小化并且保持天线全向辐射及超宽带特性成为人们研究的目标。Ultra-wideband antennas have been widely used in communication systems to cover multiple communication frequency bands and realize antenna multiplexing functions. However, in some application environments, there are strict restrictions on the longitudinal size of the antenna, which requires reducing the height of the antenna as much as possible while ensuring the antenna bandwidth and omnidirectional radiation. Traditional ultra-wideband omnidirectional antennas, such as biconical antennas and rotating body antennas, often cannot meet the requirements in terms of height. In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have carried out research on new low-profile antennas. Among them, the slotted wafer antenna shows good properties in reducing the longitudinal size, but its physical structure determines that it only has a broadband of about 7%. Later researchers passed Adding short-circuit wires around the wafer widens its bandwidth, but it still cannot meet the requirements for covering multiple frequency bands in communication. Therefore, to minimize the height of the antenna and maintain the omnidirectional radiation and ultra-wideband characteristics of the antenna has become the goal of people's research.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明为解决现有圆片开槽天线在通信中不能覆盖多个频段的问题,进而提出一种全向超宽带圆片天线。In order to solve the problem that the existing disc slot antenna cannot cover multiple frequency bands in communication, the invention further proposes an omnidirectional ultra-wideband disc antenna.

本发明为解决上述问题采取的技术方案是:本发明包括圆形金属片、圆环形金属片、金属圆台、同轴线、金属地板和四个金属杆,圆环形金属片与金属地板由上至下并排平行设置,圆环形金属片的下表面与金属地板的上表面通过四个金属杆连接,且四个金属杆呈矩形设置,圆形金属片设置在圆环形金属片的中部,且圆形金属片的上表面与圆环形金属片的上表面位于同一平面,圆形金属片的外边缘与圆环形金属片的内边缘形成环形缝隙,金属圆台固定安装在金属地板上表面的中部,且金属圆台竖直方向的轴线与金属地板竖直方向的轴线重合,同轴线的上端由下至上依次穿过金属地板、金属圆台,同轴线的外导体与金属地板和金属圆台接触,同轴线的内芯与圆形金属片下表面的中心连接。The technical scheme that the present invention takes for solving the above problems is: the present invention comprises circular metal sheet, annular metal sheet, metal round table, coaxial line, metal floor and four metal rods, and annular metal sheet and metal floor are formed by Arranged side by side from top to bottom, the lower surface of the circular metal sheet is connected to the upper surface of the metal floor through four metal rods, and the four metal rods are arranged in a rectangular shape, and the circular metal sheet is arranged in the middle of the circular metal sheet , and the upper surface of the circular metal sheet is on the same plane as the upper surface of the circular metal sheet, the outer edge of the circular metal sheet and the inner edge of the circular metal sheet form an annular gap, and the metal round platform is fixedly installed on the metal floor The middle part of the surface, and the vertical axis of the metal circular platform coincides with the vertical axis of the metal floor. The upper end of the coaxial line passes through the metal floor and the metal circular platform from bottom to top. The circular platform is in contact, and the inner core of the coaxial line is connected with the center of the lower surface of the circular metal sheet.

本发明的有益效果是:本发明有效的展宽低频段的带宽,通过在圆形金属片及金属地板之间加入金属圆台,改变辐射缝隙到金属地板之间的距离,有效的拓展了高频段的带宽;本发明解决了全向开槽圆片天线的带宽较窄及纵向尺寸较大的问题。本发明具有超宽的频带范围良好的全向辐射特性;并且具有非常低的天线高度,结构简单制作容易,本发明在微波频段通讯天线工程技术领域里具有实用价值和广阔的应用前景,本发明的中心频率可达到2.07GHz,阻抗带宽可达到0.87GHz~3.27GHz,相对带宽可达到116%,天线高度达到0.13λ0The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention effectively widens the bandwidth of the low-frequency band, and by adding a metal round table between the circular metal sheet and the metal floor, the distance between the radiation gap and the metal floor is changed, and the bandwidth of the high-frequency band is effectively expanded. Bandwidth; the present invention solves the problems of narrow bandwidth and large longitudinal dimension of the omnidirectional slotted disc antenna. The present invention has an ultra-wide frequency band range and good omnidirectional radiation characteristics; and has a very low antenna height, simple structure and easy manufacture. The present invention has practical value and broad application prospects in the field of microwave frequency band communication antenna engineering technology. The center frequency can reach 2.07GHz, the impedance bandwidth can reach 0.87GHz-3.27GHz, the relative bandwidth can reach 116%, and the antenna height can reach 0.13λ 0 .

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的整体结构示意图,图2是本发明的俯视图,图3是本发明的主剖视图,图4是每个金属杆的长度取不同值时本发明的反射系数,图4中Router表示环形金属片的外半径,Frequency表示频率,图5是金属圆台取不同值时本发明的反射系数,图5中Frequency表示频率,图6是金属杆长度为21mm,金属圆台上表面与圆形金属片下表面之间的距离为12mm时本发明的反射系数,图6中Frequency表示频率,图7是不同工作频率下本发明E面的辐射方向图,图8是不同工作频率下本发明H面的辐射方向图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a main sectional view of the present invention, Fig. 4 is the reflection coefficient of the present invention when the length of each metal rod is taken different values, Router in Fig. 4 Represent the outer radius of the annular metal sheet, Frequency represents the frequency, and Fig. 5 is the reflection coefficient of the present invention when the metal circular platform gets different values, and Frequency represents the frequency among Fig. 5, and Fig. 6 is that the length of the metal rod is 21mm, and the upper surface of the metal circular platform and the circle The reflection coefficient of the present invention when the distance between the lower surfaces of the metal sheets is 12mm, Frequency in Fig. 6 represents the frequency, Fig. 7 is the radiation pattern of the E surface of the present invention under different operating frequencies, Fig. 8 is the H of the present invention under different operating frequencies The radiation pattern of the surface.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

具体实施方式一:结合图1至图3说明本实施方式,本实施方式所述一种全向超宽带圆片天线包括圆形金属片1、圆环形金属片2、金属圆台3、同轴线4、金属地板5和四个金属杆6,圆环形金属片2与金属地板5由上至下并排平行设置,圆环形金属片2的下表面与金属地板5的上表面通过四个金属杆6连接,且四个金属杆6呈矩形设置,圆形金属片1设置在圆环形金属片2的中部,且圆形金属片1的上表面与圆环形金属片2的上表面位于同一平面,圆形金属片1的外边缘与圆环形金属片2的内边缘形成环形缝隙7,金属圆台3固定安装在金属地板5上表面的中部,且金属圆台3竖直方向的轴线与金属地板5竖直方向的轴线重合,同轴线4的上端由下至上依次穿过金属地板5、金属圆台3,同轴线4的外导体与金属地板5和金属圆台3接触,同轴线4的内芯与圆形金属片1下表面的中心连接。Specific Embodiment 1: This embodiment is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. An omnidirectional ultra-wideband disc antenna described in this embodiment includes a circular metal sheet 1, an annular metal sheet 2, a metal circular platform 3, a coaxial Line 4, metal floor 5 and four metal rods 6, the ring-shaped metal sheet 2 and the metal floor 5 are arranged side by side in parallel from top to bottom, the lower surface of the ring-shaped metal sheet 2 and the upper surface of the metal floor 5 pass through four The metal rods 6 are connected, and the four metal rods 6 are arranged in a rectangular shape, the circular metal sheet 1 is arranged in the middle part of the circular metal sheet 2, and the upper surface of the circular metal sheet 1 is connected to the upper surface of the circular metal sheet 2. Located on the same plane, the outer edge of the circular metal sheet 1 and the inner edge of the annular metal sheet 2 form an annular gap 7, and the metal round table 3 is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper surface of the metal floor 5, and the axis of the vertical direction of the metal round table 3 Coincident with the vertical axis of the metal floor 5, the upper end of the coaxial line 4 passes through the metal floor 5 and the metal round platform 3 from bottom to top in sequence, and the outer conductor of the coaxial line 4 contacts the metal floor 5 and the metal round platform 3, coaxial The inner core of the wire 4 is connected with the center of the lower surface of the circular metal sheet 1 .

本实施方式中通过四个金属杆6将圆环形金属片2与金属地板5连接起来组成谐振回路,所述谐振回路由圆形金属片1和圆环形金属片2之间的环形缝隙7的等效电容及四个金属杆6的等效电感组成,有效的展宽了低频带的带宽;通过在圆形金属片1与金属地板5之间加入金属圆台3,改变了辐射缝隙到金属地板5之间的距离,有效的拓展了高频段的带宽。In this embodiment, four metal rods 6 are used to connect the annular metal sheet 2 and the metal floor 5 to form a resonant circuit. Composed of the equivalent capacitance of four metal rods 6 and the equivalent inductance of four metal rods 6, the bandwidth of the low frequency band is effectively widened; by adding a metal round platform 3 between the circular metal sheet 1 and the metal floor 5, the radiation gap to the metal floor is changed 5, effectively expanding the bandwidth of the high frequency band.

具体实施方式二:结合图1至图3说明本实施方式,本实施方式所述一种全向超宽带圆片天线的圆形金属片1的半径为4.5mm~5.5mm,圆形金属片1的厚度为0.5mm~1.5mm。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式一相同。Specific embodiment two: this embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, and the radius of the circular metal sheet 1 of a kind of omnidirectional ultra-wideband disc antenna described in this embodiment is 4.5mm~5.5mm, and the circular metal sheet 1 The thickness is 0.5mm ~ 1.5mm. Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式三:结合图1至图3说明本实施方式,本实施方式所述一种全向超宽带圆片天线的圆环形金属片2的内半径为6.0mm~6.4mm,圆环形金属片2的外半径为49.5mm~50.5mm,圆环形金属片2的厚度为0.5mm~1.5mm。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式一相同。Specific embodiment three: this embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the inner radius of the annular metal sheet 2 of a kind of omnidirectional ultra-wideband disc antenna described in this embodiment is 6.0mm~6.4mm, and the annular The outer radius of the metal sheet 2 is 49.5mm-50.5mm, and the thickness of the annular metal sheet 2 is 0.5mm-1.5mm. Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式四:结合图1至图3说明本实施方式,本实施方式所述一种全向超宽带圆片天线的金属圆台3上表面的半径为14.5mm~15.5mm,金属圆台3上表面与圆形金属片1下表面之间的距离Z为11.5mm~12.5mm。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式一相同。Specific Embodiment Four: This embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the radius of the metal round table 3 upper surface of a kind of omnidirectional ultra-wideband disc antenna described in this embodiment is 14.5mm~15.5mm, the metal round table 3 upper surface The distance Z from the lower surface of the circular metal sheet 1 is 11.5 mm to 12.5 mm. Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式五:结合图1至图3说明本实施方式,本实施方式所述一种全向超宽带圆片天线的每个金属杆6的直径为1.5mm~2.5mm,每个金属杆6的长度为20.5mm~21.5mm。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 5: This embodiment is described in conjunction with FIGS. 1 to 3 . The diameter of each metal rod 6 of an omnidirectional ultra-wideband disc antenna described in this embodiment is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm, and each metal rod 6 The length is 20.5mm ~ 21.5mm. Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式六:结合图1至图3说明本实施方式,本实施方式所述一种全向超宽带圆片天线的环形缝隙7的宽度为1.0mm~1.4mm。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 6: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 . The width of the annular slot 7 of an omnidirectional ultra-wideband disc antenna described in this embodiment is 1.0 mm to 1.4 mm. Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式七:结合图1至图3说明本实施方式,本实施方式所述一种全向超宽带圆片天线的圆形金属片1的半径为5mm,圆形金属片1的厚度为1mm,圆环形金属片2的内半径为6.4mm,圆环形金属片2的外半径为50mm,圆环形金属片2的厚度为1mm,金属圆台3上表面的半径为15mm,金属圆台3上表面与圆形金属片1下表面之间的距离Z为12mm,每个金属杆6的直径为2mm,每个金属杆6的长度为21mm,环形缝隙7的宽度为1.4mm。Embodiment 7: This embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the radius of the circular metal sheet 1 of a kind of omnidirectional ultra-wideband disc antenna described in this embodiment is 5mm, and the thickness of the circular metal sheet 1 is 1mm , the inner radius of the annular metal sheet 2 is 6.4mm, the outer radius of the annular metal sheet 2 is 50mm, the thickness of the annular metal sheet 2 is 1mm, the radius of the upper surface of the metal round table 3 is 15mm, and the metal round table 3 The distance Z between the upper surface and the lower surface of the circular metal sheet 1 is 12 mm, the diameter of each metal rod 6 is 2 mm, the length of each metal rod 6 is 21 mm, and the width of the annular gap 7 is 1.4 mm.

本实施方式的技术效果是:如此设置,可以通过确定金属杆的尺寸可以调节低频段的带宽,通过确定金属圆台的高度和半径,可实现高频段阻抗的匹配,通过调节环形缝隙及环形金属片外半径的尺寸确定了天线工作的中心频率,使天线的频带为0.8GHz~3.27GHz。The technical effect of this embodiment is: with this arrangement, the bandwidth of the low-frequency band can be adjusted by determining the size of the metal rod, and the impedance matching of the high-frequency band can be realized by determining the height and radius of the metal circular platform; by adjusting the annular gap and the annular metal sheet The size of the outer radius determines the working center frequency of the antenna, so that the frequency band of the antenna is 0.8GHz-3.27GHz.

利用CST(CST MICROWAVE STUDIO)仿真软件对具体实施方式七所述天线结构进行仿真实验:从图4、图5和图6中可以看出当金属圆台3上表面与圆形金属片1下表面之间的距离Z为12mm,每个金属杆6的长度为21mm时,可以使天线具有很宽的阻抗带宽,其中心频率是2.07GHz,阻抗带宽为0.87GHz~3.27GHz,相对带宽为116%,天线高度达到0.13λ00为中心频率的波长)。从图7和图8中可以看出本发明具有良好的全向辐射特性。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式一、二、三、四、五或六相同。Use CST (CST MICROWAVE STUDIO) simulation software to carry out simulation experiments on the antenna structure described in Embodiment 7: From Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6, it can be seen that when the upper surface of the metal round table 3 and the lower surface of the circular metal sheet 1 The distance Z between them is 12mm, and when the length of each metal rod 6 is 21mm, the antenna can have a very wide impedance bandwidth, its center frequency is 2.07GHz, the impedance bandwidth is 0.87GHz~3.27GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 116%. The antenna height reaches 0.13λ 00 is the wavelength of the center frequency). It can be seen from Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 that the present invention has good omnidirectional radiation characteristics. The other components and connections are the same as those in Embodiment 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

Claims (7)

1. omnidirectional's ultra-wide band wafer antenna, it is characterized in that: described a kind of omnidirectional ultra-wide band wafer antenna comprises circular metal plate (1), circular ring metal sheet (2), metal round platform (3), coaxial line (4), metal floor (5) and four Metallic rod (6), circular ring metal sheet (2) and metal floor (5) from top to bottom side by side parallel are arranged, the lower surface of circular ring metal sheet (2) is connected by four Metallic rod (6) with the upper surface of metal floor (5), and the rectangular setting of four Metallic rod (6), circular metal plate (1) is arranged on the middle part of circular ring metal sheet (2), and the upper surface of the upper surface of circular metal plate (1) and circular ring metal sheet (2) is positioned at same plane, the outward flange of circular metal plate (1) and the inward flange of circular ring metal sheet (2) form annulus (7), metal round platform (3) is fixedly mounted on the middle part of metal floor (5) upper surface, and the dead in line of the axis of metal round platform (3) vertical direction and metal floor (5) vertical direction, the upper end of coaxial line (4) is from the bottom to top successively through metal floor (5), metal round platform (3), the outer conductor of coaxial line (4) contacts with metal round platform (3) with metal floor (5), the inner core of coaxial line (4) is connected with the center of circular metal plate (1) lower surface, metal round platform (3) is positioned at the rectangle that four Metallic rod (6) form.
2. a kind of omnidirectional ultra-wide band wafer antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the radius of circular metal plate (1) is 4.5mm ~ 5.5mm, the thickness of circular metal plate (1) is 0.5mm ~ 1.5mm.
3. a kind of omnidirectional ultra-wide band wafer antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the inside radius of circular ring metal sheet (2) is 6.0mm ~ 6.4mm, the outer radius of circular ring metal sheet (2) is 49.5mm ~ 50.5mm, and the thickness of circular ring metal sheet (2) is 0.5mm ~ 1.5mm.
4. a kind of omnidirectional ultra-wide band wafer antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the radius of metal round platform (3) upper surface is 14.5mm ~ 15.5mm, the distance (Z) between metal round platform (3) upper surface and circular metal plate (1) lower surface is 11.5mm ~ 12.5mm.
5. a kind of omnidirectional ultra-wide band wafer antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the diameter of each Metallic rod (6) is 1.5mm ~ 2.5mm, the length of each Metallic rod (6) is 20.5mm ~ 21.5mm.
6. a kind of omnidirectional ultra-wide band wafer antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the width of annulus (7) is 1.0mm ~ 1.4mm.
7. according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, a kind of omnidirectional ultra-wide band wafer antenna described in 5 or 6, it is characterized in that: the radius of circular metal plate (1) is 5mm, the thickness of circular metal plate (1) is 1mm, the inside radius of circular ring metal sheet (2) is 6.4mm, the outer radius of circular ring metal sheet (2) is 50mm, the thickness of circular ring metal sheet (2) is 1mm, the radius of metal round platform (3) upper surface is 15mm, distance (Z) between metal round platform (3) upper surface and circular metal plate (1) lower surface is 12mm, the diameter of each Metallic rod (6) is 2mm, the length of each Metallic rod (6) is 21mm, the width of annulus (7) is 1.4mm.
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CN105591194A (en) * 2016-03-10 2016-05-18 哈尔滨工业大学 Omnidirectional ultra-wide band circular antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide
CN108140931B (en) * 2016-09-18 2020-07-07 华为技术有限公司 A wireless network antenna and communication equipment
CN107732438A (en) * 2017-09-06 2018-02-23 南京理工大学 A kind of broad beam circular polarisation transmit-receive sharing moonlet antenna
CN109546335B (en) * 2018-11-06 2021-01-19 西安矩阵无线科技有限公司 Novel low-profile broadband omnidirectional antenna
CN109687132A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-04-26 西安交通大学 A kind of low section vertical polarization ultra-wideband omni-directional antenna
CN111342226B (en) * 2020-03-23 2025-07-08 华南理工大学 Broadband omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna and wireless communication equipment

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