CN103341250A - Method for treating indoor decoration formaldehyde pollution - Google Patents
Method for treating indoor decoration formaldehyde pollution Download PDFInfo
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- CN103341250A CN103341250A CN2013102449932A CN201310244993A CN103341250A CN 103341250 A CN103341250 A CN 103341250A CN 2013102449932 A CN2013102449932 A CN 2013102449932A CN 201310244993 A CN201310244993 A CN 201310244993A CN 103341250 A CN103341250 A CN 103341250A
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- vegetable protein
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- formaldehyde scavenger
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for treating indoor decoration formaldehyde pollution. Specifically, the method comprises the steps of determining pollution sources in a to-be-treated environment; determining treatment construction projects according to real situations such as species, concentrations and sources of harmful gases, the number and distribution of the pollution sources, and the like; and then treating living rooms with the formaldehyde pollution after decoration, by using a plant protein formaldehyde scavenging agent.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of improvement method that produces pollutants such as formaldehyde because of interior decoration
Background technology:
1, formaldehyde and finishing harm
Human 90% time, finishing pollution became the killer of 21 century human health in office work and life.The common indoor air pollutants that produces because of finishing has: formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia radon, and stone material radioactive pollutant etc.And ubiquity and with serious pollution then be formaldehyde and benzene.Benzene and benzene series thing can discharge (generally at 6 to 12 months) in the short period of time, and the influence of formaldehyde is long-term (being 3 to 15 years according to the study).So formaldehyde is one of major pollutants in the fitment process.
Formaldehyde (chemical molecular formula HCHO, molecular weight: be a kind of colourless 30.03), the gas of intense stimulus smell arranged, soluble in water, alcohol ether.Formaldehyde is gaseous state at normal temperatures, occurs with aqueous solution form usually.Its aqueous solution of 40% is called formalin, and this solution boiling point is 19 ℃.So highly volatile when room temperature is along with the rising evaporation rate of temperature is accelerated.Formaldehyde is the material than high toxicity, preferentially controls on the list formaldehyde at China's toxic chemical and is in second.Formaldehyde is defined as carcinogenic and teratogenesis shape material by the World Health Organization, is the allergen of generally acknowledging, also is one of potential strong mutagen.Studies show that: formaldehyde has strong carcinogenic and short cancer effect.The lot of documents record, formaldehyde mainly shows aspects such as allotriosmia, stimulation, allergy, abnormal pulmonary function, dysfunction of liver and immunologic dysfunction to health effects.When its concentration reached 0.06-0.07mg/m3 in every cubic metres of air, slight asthma will take place in children.When formaldehyde in indoor air content is 0.1mg/m3, peculiar smell and sense of discomfort are just arranged; When reaching 0.5mg/m3, can stimulate eyes, cause and shed tears; Reach 0.6mg/m3, can cause throat discomfort or pain.When concentration is higher, the vomiting that can cause nausea, it is uncomfortable in chest to cough, asthma even pulmonary edema; When reaching 30mg/m3, meeting is the causing death immediately.Long-term contact low dosage formaldehyde can cause chronic respiratory disease, cause nasopharyngeal carcinoma, colon cancer, brain tumor, paramenia, nuclear gene mutation, in the dna single chain commissure and DNA and protein commissure and suppress dna damage reparation, pregnancy syndrome, cause neonatal chromosome disorder, leukaemia, cause the decline of teenager's memory and intelligence.In all contactees, children and pregnant woman's PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95) are particularly responsive, and harm is also just bigger.Statistics according to Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences whole nation treatment and prevention of tumour office shows that the Chinese leukemic incidence of disease is 5.17/100000ths, and wherein children and youth has more than 200 ten thousand, and in the majority with 2-7 year children.And rise with the speed of annual 3-4 ten thousand.House decoration causes indoor pollution to be considered to the main cause that causes the city leukemia children to increase.According to BJ Children's Hospital's statistical results show, among more than 1800 leukaemic that this hospital accepts for medical treatment, 90% above family carried out finishing at premorbid, exceeded standard from formaldehyde through checking and verify equal rice.Shenzhen children's hospital and relevant department have carried out the living circumstance investigation to the leukemia children that increases newly, find equally once to repair within half a year in 90% the little patient family, exceed standard from formaldehyde through checking and verify all.Finishing pollution is at every moment endangering human beings'health.
2, the ubiquitous formaldehyde of the finishing material that uses at present pollutes
The artificial board that finishing causes formaldehyde in the room air to exceed standard mainly coming from finishing material and new composite furniture to use, as the brill mixture in glued board, lumber core, MDF, the wound card (flakeboard), reach chemical building material construction material products such as coating, adhesive, inorganic agent.The multiple building materials, furniture that content of formaldehyde meets the national standard scope also are the reasons that causes indoor pollution to exceed standard in the same space use that adds up.But state's interior decoration unavoidably can use the material that contains formaldehyde.Because formaldehyde is that a kind of effect is better, the binder that cost is not high, also can not find now a kind of pollution-free, bonding effect good and production cost meets the substituting product of the level of consumption
3, current decoration company changes main way and the deficiency that formaldehyde exceeds standard
The one, in the decorating scheme, reduce the use amount that large tracts of land is used artificial board, use the solid wood finishing.The weak point of this kind scheme is solid wood plate class sheet material cost height, and the construction process requirement height.In addition, timber resources is limited, utilizes the solid wood plate must increase substantially decoration cost as manufacturing furniture, decorating house in a large number, has surpassed most of owner's ability to shoulder economically.
The 2nd, select to pollute little construction technology.Except specific (special) requirements, the lumber core of generally below composite floor board, not mating formation.With cupboard and bag heater cover that lumber core is manufactured, the inside will be sealed with the formaldehyde sealer, reduces exposed place.This way major defect also be improved the engineering cost cost and man-hour cost, cost rises.
4, main method and the deficiency of the purification of present indoor formaldehyde.
Generally people take following several method to remove formaldehyde:
(1) adds forced ventilation.This is a kind of commonsense method.But harmful substance such as formaldehyde, benzene is concealed in furniture, materials for wall depths, release period 3-15 can't remove in a short time, in case run into the situation of using heating installation or air-conditioning etc. to window, indoor harmful gas concentration can rise rapidly, and kinsfolk's health is caused long-term hazards.
(2) plant null method.Adopt flowers such as bracketplant, aloe, sansevieria trifasciata to absorb indoor polluted gas, but the plant adsorption effect is very limited, can not reach and purify purpose fully, and carry out the photosynthesis absorbing carbon dioxide daytime, discharge oxygen, then absorb oxygen, release of carbon dioxide night, unfavorable to human body, particularly to pollen, the easy allergy sufferers of flowers.
(3) chemical reagent sprays.As with chemical agents such as chemical formaldehyde scavenger, air fresheners, can not handle totally, be that a kind of gas is suppressed another kind of gas, do not reach the purpose of removing pollution sources, and use chemical reagent to be easy to generate secondary pollution, unfavorable to health.
(4) active carbon adsorption and air purifier.Active carbon can be adsorbed on formaldehyde molecule on its inner wall surface by physisorption, reach the purpose that reduces airborne content of formaldehyde, but adsorption capacity is limited, and is easily saturated, is difficult to reuse about 3-5 month; And active carbon is that the formaldehyde in little space in the room is adsorbed on its inside, and external condition also can discharge after changing, and does not reach environmental requirement.Air purifier has certain suction-operated to polluters such as indoor formaldehydes, and it is better that effect is generally understood the specific activity charcoal, can remove pernicious gas and dispelling abnormal flavors such as indoor formaldehyde, radon gas, benzene, ammonia, TVOC.But can not very handle clean at short notice, the clarifier price is higher relatively, different product is also different service life, and clarifier can not be administered pollution sources, effect is subjected to its technology that adopts bigger with the position restriction ratio of putting, if so a clarifier is only put in a cover house, often there is certain effect in the room of only clarifier being placed, and less to the effect in other rooms.
5, formaldehyde source analysis and resolution demonstration
(1) source of formaldehyde pollution.Formaldehyde pollutes from the decorations material, and 95% the formaldehyde of wherein having an appointment comes from the various wood-based plates of finishing, also has part to come from finishing with carpenter's glue, interior wall coating and other decoration material such as carpet, curtain etc.China has worked out the standard of indoor decorating with material calendar year 2001, has also namely stipulated that the burst size of methanal in the various artificial boards must reach the E1 level in the ten big building standards, and E2 level sheet material can not be directly used in interior decoration.Room furniture has become one of important source of formaldehyde pollution at present, becomes the difficult point place of formaldehyde pollution control.
(2) resolution of indoor formaldehyde pollution.True proof again and again, the so-called eliminating smell agent of simple usefulness or indoor air is carried out pollution control certain effect is arranged, but what is called " bounce-back " problem that it will inevitably bring formaldehyde odor to occur is not heavily again effectively administered in the source of polluting.This also is in recent years, and the eager for instant success and quick profits market behavior of some businessmans causes common consumer that this class is polluted the mistrustful main cause of series products except formaldehyde.Real improvement is polluted, essential attitude with science, scientific methods, can't numb exaggerative effect, irresponsibility is with regard to by photocatalyst technology itself, be used for the control of environmental pollution, be one of means very likely, but the publicity of exaggerating more at present itself have much more harms than benefits to this things.In fact, have the people of scientific common sense all to know slightly, photocatalyst technology or nanometer technology are used for the improvement of indoor pollution, and effect is to be worth inquiring into.Dan Congqi administers on the principle of polluting, even if be sprayed at the surface of room coating, wait the formaldehyde that from furniture, discharges to be adsorbed onto coating surface, after photocatalyst plays a role, just may remove pollution, the result in laboratory is good really, but for the production of reality, also will be with a kind of attitude of being responsible for of science.Many enterprises of fitting up also once carried out the finishing pollution managemental experiment with some photocatalyst product, and the result is unsatisfactory.
(3) indoor pollution improvement is a kind of comprehensive engineering, the regulation effect that obtain, and we have to from the source, namely from the production of sheet material, administer while fitting up from fitment process, and this just can obtain the effect of getting twice the result with half the effort once and for all.Certainly the room after fitting up well also will be administered, and seek the source of pollution, and the problem in source has solved, and just might obtain more satisfactory regulation effect.Simultaneously, during research and development formaldehyde scavenger series products, note the secondary pollution problem, more to note the safety problem of product, have no side effect? what which was of poor quality waits to remove the product that the formaldehyde in the finishing pollutes with urea, ammoniacal liquor, hydrogen peroxide, chlorine dioxide, should how to find new outlets at industrial market, and can not be used for administering room air pollution.
(4) indoor pollution has caused increasing experts and scholars' concern, and its harm has also caused the great attention of government department.The industry of pollution control series products also is the industry of a Chaoyang, we should use the attitude of science, it is eager for instant success and quick profits to abandon, meet this challenge with the attitude of rigorous and scientific, cooperation has become the only way of this industry development, government department, scientific research institution, mechanism for monitoring, manufacturing enterprise work in concert, and just can make fundamentally becomes possibility for addressing this problem.
Summary of the invention:
Determine to administer arrangement and method for construction according to actual conditions such as the quantity of kind, concentration, source and the pollution sources of pernicious gas, distributions.
(1) determine to administer the interior pollution sources of environment:
1, metope:
General interior trim is the coating wall, because of the not only injury to human body that causes of outermost dope layer of interior wall coating, comprises also that wherein needing to carry out 2-3 in the decoration process divides subconstiuent all over remaining free formaldehyde in the putty at the bottom of the interior wall.Paste the wallpaper of various materials, wall cloth and partition wall (wall).The free one's share of expenses for a joint undertaking of this part part formaldehyde that after using adhesive, exists, also comprise and use the benzene series that exists in the solvent to show harmful gaseous volatilization thing in the wallpaper printing process.
2, ceiling (being finial):
Common moulding is decorated: general coating or to add a spot of gypsum decorated includes formaldehyde, (also containing a part of radon gas).
Luxurious moulding is decorated: do moulding and glued board or a large amount of plasterboards because using large batch of lumber core, just there is a large amount of formaldehyde free molecules in such decoration.
3, furniture, be primary pollution source with the furniture of artificial board manufacturing:
A, bed accessory, bedside cupboard, wardrobe, wardrobe, shoe chest etc.;
B, desk, bookcase;
C, sofa, cabinet for TV, antique-and-curio shelves (putting antique, name drinking utensils);
D, interior door, door pocket, exterior window trim, push-and-pull partition door;
E, compoiste wood floor.
(2) governance process
1, spraying
This step requires from high to low in principle, from top to bottom, from the inside to surface:
Concrete steps: begin spraying from the inside of administering environment.Wall, top, inside of furniture, furniture outside, floor skirting, floor, door innner and outer, spraying successively.
Materials are the vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger, (pernicious gas exceed standard the serious high concentration of just using) spraying successively.Pernicious gas is in 2 times the time, just with vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger spraying one time.Strengthen with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger again at the serious part of pollution sources, also just passable.
Use the vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger, spray at Di Tan ground, the serious artificial board furniture inside and outside of smell (mainly being the inside of furniture) Jiao Xian wallpaper.
With high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger, partly spray improvement at cloth sofa, curtain, composite floor board skirting, furniture surface, leather sofa etc.
In every kind of product governance process, in the time of noting changing each product, clear up watering can! The concentration that act as purifying harmful gas that spraying is administered reaches in the GB.
Concrete case study on implementation:
(1) comprehensive improvement room air pollution
1. to the room after fitting up, carry out detailed inspection, and to some end faces and seam crossing, use high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger to carry out remedial brushing.
2. can be with the processing of spraying of high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger to indoor air;
3. with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger (interior wall coating with), directly sparge interior wall coating top layer behind the finishing and can effectively remove formaldehyde in coating, putty, the concrete.
(2) improvement of furniture
The furniture of pollution need be administered to the furniture of new purchase or other, prior understanding need be carried out, and the preliminary estimation of polluting, determine that the main object that pollutes also is that the peculiar smell source is formaldehyde or benzene class, to determine resolution;
1, earlier with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger, is sprayed at the furniture surfaces externally and internally (exposure that all contact with air) that the formaldehyde source of release is distributed in the room air neutralization, must sprays evenly, spray the serious room that exceeds standard emphatically.To note in addition trying not to be sprayed on the metal object, in case get rusty (or protecting with the wax wiping earlier before spraying); If be sprayed onto accidentally, should dry as early as possible.
2, note not allowing medicine liquid droplet trickle down at metope, spray at metope as needs, must use the high-pressure fog machine, evenly spray, dabble to avoid causing, pollute metope.
3, the about mistake after the twenty four hours wiped (object of waterproof can with wet cloth wiping) with surperficial white polymer (protein gel, non-volatile, non-secondary pollution) with dried cloth.
1. to the unvarnished furniture of inner surface, the surface can not handle or make a call to one time with sponge with furniture floor aldehydes removal wax, can directly carry out spray treatment with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger to inner surface or the back side, specifically select suitable increasing brushing amount according to the pollution level of Furniture panel.
2. painted or painted one, the furniture of twice, surperficial available taste removal wax is handled or can not processed, and can select high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger spary to inner surface or the back side, directly the inner surface that painted at furniture carries out external coating.
3. select high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger, place in furniture or the cabinet, use can obtain regulation effect preferably.
(3) improvement of the formaldehyde on composite artificial floor pollution
1. try one's best when mating formation composite floor board, directly carry out spray with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger at floor tongue and groove place even to the back side of plate, mat formation immediately after having brushed;
2. the plate pad (using woodwork plate or other wood-based plate to make the plate pad) on the floor of mating formation is directly handled with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger;
(4) improvement of the formaldehyde of cabinet pollution
Contain the higher medium-density plate of formaldehyde contaminant capacity or particieboard owing to mostly used in the manufacturing process of cabinet, its content of formaldehyde is generally the E2 level, and content of formaldehyde is quite high.It has carried out surperficial facing and edge sealing processing in addition, a large amount of pollution free formaldehydes all is closed in the plate, in the installation process of cabinet, can produce section and hole for nailing etc. inevitably, a large amount of formaldehyde namely spills into the indoor air from these places, has brought sizable difficulty to improvement.
In cabinet manufacturing process, directly carry out the surface treatment of core with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger, and then carry out facing.If the facing plate of buying processing, must before edge sealing, carry out the brushing of end face with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger to end face, and in installation process, use high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger that seam crossings such as the end face that produces or hole for nailing are brushed improvement, can play regulation effect preferably.
(5) processing of veneer or facing plate
1. the facing plate that single face is pasted can carry out spray treatment to the back side of plate with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger;
2. to the facing plate of two-sided subsides, can only carry out spray treatment to end face with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger, can obtain certain regulation effect.
(6) the stifling taste removal process of high temperature
The acting as of the stifling governance process of high temperature driven and activated pernicious gas and further evaporate, and is conducive to the air cleaning degree.
Concrete steps:
1, generally carries out after one hour at spraying vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger.
2, the stifling taste of high temperature heavier the furniture made of artificial board, timber window, floor, wallpaper etc.Stifling one time from the inside to surface.Attention: this crosses range request and thoroughly ventilates, and door and window is opened; (this goes on foot requirement: when inside of furniture high temperature was fumigated, nozzle can be close to artificial board.But wallpaper, furniture surface, the outer surface of leather sofa are all wanted the distance of 10cm at interval, in order to avoid cause the infringement of these article).
3, this process will be opened door and window in construction, after disposing, also requires to ventilate 30 minutes.Ventilate not smooth improvement environment and the serious place of taste, suggestion are purchased hair-dryer and are strengthened ventilation effect, ensure taste removal in order.
4. handle paint (floor) surface with furniture floor aldehydes removal wax after about one hour, the back side also can be handled, must be evenly.Cross parch about 30 minutes after, with clean rag polishing, better effects if.
After finishing, improvement according to circumstances can spray odor scavenging agent, spray the heavier place of peculiar smell emphatically, odor scavenging agent is mainly tea oil, lemon oil, peppermint oil, eucalyptus oil and various plants extract, effectively dispelling abnormal flavor, disinfection, natural plants delicate fragrance, non-secondary pollution.
At last, close the doors and windows, heating equipment is arranged, improve room temperature as far as possible, sealed 24 hours, window then and ventilated three days, detect indoor environment and move in after up to standard.
Claims (7)
1. can be with the processing of spraying of high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger to indoor air.
2. with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger (interior wall coating with), directly sparge interior wall coating top layer behind the finishing and can effectively remove formaldehyde in coating, putty, the concrete.
3. the furniture of pollution need be administered to the furniture of new purchase or other, prior understanding need be carried out, and the preliminary estimation of polluting, determine that the main object that pollutes also is that the peculiar smell source is formaldehyde or benzene class, to determine resolution.
4. the plate pad (using woodwork plate or other wood-based plate to make the plate pad) on the floor of mating formation is directly handled with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger.
5. in cabinet manufacturing process, directly carry out the surface treatment of core with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger, and then carry out facing.If the facing plate of buying processing, must before edge sealing, carry out the brushing of end face with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger to end face, and in installation process, use high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger that seam crossings such as the end face that produces or hole for nailing are brushed improvement, can play regulation effect preferably.
6. the processing of veneer or facing plate
1. the facing plate that single face is pasted can carry out spray treatment to the back side of plate with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger;
2. to the facing plate of two-sided subsides, can only carry out spray treatment to end face with high concentration vegetable protein formaldehyde scavenger, can obtain certain regulation effect.
7. high temperature is fumigated the taste removal process
The acting as of the stifling governance process of high temperature driven and activated pernicious gas and further evaporate, and is conducive to the air cleaning degree.
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| CN110052136A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-26 | 成都市图腾环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method for treating indoor air pollution of Kernel-based methods intervention |
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Application publication date: 20131009 |