CN103330089B - Special compound feed for carassius auratus gibelio and preparation method of compound feed - Google Patents
Special compound feed for carassius auratus gibelio and preparation method of compound feed Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to special compound feed for carassius auratus gibelio and a preparation method of the compound feed. The compound feed is prepared by the following raw materials by weight percentage: 20-25% of soybean meal, 15-20% of rapeseed meal, 10-15% of cottonseed meal, 5-10% of fish meal, 20-30% of wheat middling, 3-6% of fish oil, 5-15% of bran, 1% of microelement additive for fish, 0.3% of decavitamin for the fish and 0.7% of special Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for the carassius auratus gibelio. With the adoption of the special compound feed for the carassius auratus gibelio, economic benefits of carassius auratus gibelio culture can be improved obviously; the compound feed can significantly reduce the disease incidence during the carassius auratus gibelio culture, particularly the incidence of an explosive hemorrhagic disease; a survival rate is increased by 11-13%; growth of the carassius auratus gibelio is promoted; the quality of the carassius auratus gibelio can be improved; and the cost of the raw materials used in the compound feed, the production cost and the use cost are lower, so that cost saving is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fodder, relate to a kind of mixed feed used for aquiculture, particularly a kind of hybridized prussian carp special compound feed and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Hybridized prussian carp (
carassius auratus gibelio) be to utilize the Founder silvery white of Natural Gynogenesis to be female parent, take Singuo Red Carp as male parent, the filial generation of cultivating by Artificial gynogenesis.There is good hybrid vigour, effect of increasing production is obvious, and fine and tender taste, nutritious, and dried up time-to-live is long, feeding habits are wide, strong stress resistance, easily raising, strong adaptability, survival rate is high, growth is fast, the features such as individuality is large, breeding cycle is short demonstrate good economic characters in breeding production.The whole nation oneself have more than 30 provinces，municipalities and autonomous regions introductions to cultivate hybridized prussian carp, 2012 different, and to educate silvery white be that cultured output reaches 230. 6 ten thousand tons of left and right, become the principal item of China pond, cage culture, it is one of large freshwater fish of China, economic benefit highly significant, is subject to raiser and consumers welcomed deeply.But along with the continuous expansion of cultivation scale, in cultivation, disease more and more (especially Yancheng, Jiangsu Province one is with), has restricted the cultivation of this kind.Fulminant hemorrhage, that hybridized prussian carp is propagated middle a kind of widely popular, larger a kind of infectious disease of harm artificially in recent years, now confirm, this sick cause of disease is Aeromonas hydrophila, and clinical symptoms show as the solely trip of ill fish body floating, and vigor is poor, slow in reacting when frightened, food ration declines or stops eating, and the oral cavity of sick fish, upper lower jaw, eye socket, the gill cover, fin ray all have hyperemia in various degree, and lesions position takes on a red color or grey violet color spot shape.Fulminant hemorrhage harm object be mainly 1 age above fish body, epidemic season is generally the 4-10 month, wherein the 6-9 month is for falling ill the Sheng phase.Under high density, intensive culture condition (particularly pond is angled in professional trip), this disease occurs particularly frequent, and it infects fast, the death rate high (reaching 80% left and right), the sterilizations such as common raiser's external application strong chlorine oil, bleaching powder, antibiotic therapy for oral administration.Owing to putting fingerling macrura reevesii body in a suitable place to breed, injured in time treatment and epizoon infect the red skin disease causing and also affect the quality of hybridized prussian carp in addition.Therefore under batch production, highdensity cultivating condition, how to improve the immunity of hybridized prussian carp self, in breeding production, there is positive meaning.
Therefore, the research of disease prevention and cure is task of top priority, and exploitation is applicable to the mixed feed of hybridized prussian carp, reduce on the one hand sufferer, reduce cultivation risk, on the other hand, save production cost, with maximized acquisition economic benefit, this be guarantee that hybridized prussian carp cultivation continues, one of the key of stable development.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem existing in existing hybridized prussian carp cultivation, the present invention aims to provide a kind of hybridized prussian carp special compound feed and preparation method thereof.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention adopts following technological means:
A kind of hybridized prussian carp special compound feed, is characterized in that, is made up: dregs of beans 20 ~ 25% of the raw material of following weight percentage, rapeseed dregs 15-20%, Cottonseed Meal 10 ~ 15%, fish meal 5-10%, inferior powder 20 ~ 30%, fish oil 3 ~ 6%, wheat bran 5 ~ 15%, trace mineral supplement 1% for fish, B B-complex 0.3% for fish, the special Chinese herbal feed additive 0.7% of hybridized prussian carp, the weight percentage sum of above-mentioned each raw material is 100%.
The special Chinese herbal feed additive of wherein said hybridized prussian carp is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: 8 parts of phoenix-tail ferns, 4 parts of oriental wormwoods, 3 parts of the capsules of weeping forsythia, 9 parts, garlic, 2 parts of the reds sage root, 4 parts of myrobalans, 4 parts of folium isatidis, 3 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 15 parts of corn protein powders.The preparation method of the described special Chinese herbal feed additive of hybridized prussian carp is: take by weight each raw material, first eight kinds of Chinese medicines such as taken phoenix-tail fern, oriental wormwood, the capsule of weeping forsythia, garlic, the red sage root, myrobalan, folium isatidis and the Radix Astragali mixed and be crushed to about about 40-60 order, then pulverizing is obtained to herb powder and mix with taken carrier, after stirring, pack and get final product.
Preferably, made by the raw material of following weight percentage: dregs of beans 22%, rapeseed dregs 18%, Cottonseed Meal 12%, fish meal 8%, inferior powder 25%, fish oil 4%, wheat bran 9%, trace mineral supplement 1% for fish, B B-complex 0.3% for fish, the special Chinese herbal feed additive 0.7% of hybridized prussian carp.
All right, preferably, made by the raw material of following weight percentage: dregs of beans 25%, rapeseed dregs 15%, Cottonseed Meal 15%, fish meal 5%, inferior powder 24%, fish oil 6%, wheat bran 8%, trace mineral supplement 1% for fish, B B-complex 0.3% for fish, the special Chinese herbal feed additive 0.7% of hybridized prussian carp.
The preparation method of hybridized prussian carp special compound feed of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) percentage composition takes each raw material by weight, by dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, Cottonseed Meal, fish meal, inferior powder, wheat bran, trace mineral supplement, B B-complex and the special Chinese herbal feed additive mixing of hybridized prussian carp for fish for fish, forms compound;
(2) above-mentioned compound is pulverized;
(3) will after the material modulation after pulverizing, carry out expanded granulation;
(4) by the particle oven dry after expanded granulation, cooling, screening;
(5) fish oil taking is sprayed on the qualified particle after screening, finished product packing, obtains hybridized prussian carp special compound feed of the present invention.
Hybridized prussian carp special compound feed tool of the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
First, the present invention is according to the nutritional need in allogynogenetic crucian carp feature and growth and development process, select dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, Cottonseed Meal, fish meal, fish oil, wheat bran, fish trace mineral supplement, fish is raw material with B B-complex and the special Chinese herbal feed additive of hybridized prussian carp, draw best proportioning through repetition test, it is the maximized nutritional need that meets hybridized prussian carp of energy on the one hand, promote the growth of hybridized prussian carp, on the other hand, it has stopped the wasting phenomenons such as overnutrition, avoid overnutrition to cause the generation of water body eutrophication, and effectively reduce production cost.
Secondly, in the present invention according to the growth characteristic of hybridized prussian carp, easy ill disease and the custom of searching for food, add the special Chinese herbal feed additive of homemade hybridized prussian carp and mainly selected natural, safe medicinal herb components, follow the preparation principle of " monarch ", kind and the optimum amount of Chinese herbal medicine have finally been determined through repetition test and checking, make wherein Synergistic between various traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, mutually promote, reached fabulous growth promotion, the technique effect of immune, the pre-disease prevention of raising.Wherein selected phoenix-tail fern, has another name called well head and connects grass, pheasant tail, and herb, containing plurality of active ingredients such as flavonoids, sterols, has effect clearing heat and detoxicating, detumescence hemostasis, has good reparation effect for the damage of gill portion, can effectively suppress the generation that gill portion infects; Oriental wormwood, has heat-clearing and moves back wet effect, and it has good inhibitory action for dermopathic pathogenicity der Pilz, and it causes the generation of comprehensive infection for hybridized prussian carp can prevent other courses of infection of fulminant hemorrhage; The capsule of weeping forsythia, has effect clearing heat and detoxicating, mass dissipating and swelling eliminating, and Escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, Shigella, streptococcus and Aeromonas are had to good bacteriostasis; Allicin in garlic is good bactericide, has very strong antibacterial action, and it is cured the disease extensively, share with phoenix-tail fern, the capsule of weeping forsythia, can effectively suppress the generation that Aeromonas infects; The red sage root, has effect of calming heart and tranquilizing mind, promoting blood circulation, and it has certain bacteriostasis for pathomycete and comma bacillus; Myrobalan, for the fruit of combretaceae plant terminalia chebula Retz, containing myrobalani-tannin approximately 30 ~ 41%, there is antibacterial action, stronger for various shigella dysenteriaes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, corynebacterium diphtheriae inhibitory action, staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, pneumococcus, hemolytic streptococcus, proteus, bacillus typhi murium, Aeromonas hydrophila etc. are had to good bacteriostasis; That folium isatidis has is clearing heat and detoxicating, effect of cooling blood and hemostasis, also has certain bacteriostasis, and it has certain therapeutic action for fulminant hemorrhage; The Radix Astragali, has benefit and defends effect of solid table, inducing diuresis for removing edema, can effectively strengthen the immunity of animal.
Adopt hybridized prussian carp special compound feed of the present invention can improve significantly the economic benefit of hybridized prussian carp cultivation, it can significantly reduce the generation of disease in hybridized prussian carp breeding process, the particularly generation of explosive hemorrhage, survival rate improves 11-13%, promote the growth of hybridized prussian carp, and can improve hybridized prussian carp quality.And cost of material used in the present invention is all lower, production and use cost are all relatively low, are conducive to cost-saving.
The specific embodiment
embodiment 1: a kind of hybridized prussian carp special compound feed, raw material by following weight percentage is made: dregs of beans 22%, rapeseed dregs 18%, Cottonseed Meal 12%, fish meal 8%, inferior powder 25%, fish oil 4%, wheat bran 9%, trace mineral supplement 1% for fish, B B-complex 0.3% for fish, the special Chinese herbal feed additive 0.7% of hybridized prussian carp.
The special Chinese herbal feed additive of wherein said hybridized prussian carp is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: 8 parts of phoenix-tail ferns, 4 parts of oriental wormwoods, 3 parts of the capsules of weeping forsythia, 9 parts, garlic, 2 parts of the reds sage root, 4 parts of myrobalans, 4 parts of folium isatidis, 3 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 15 parts of corn protein powders.The preparation method of the described special Chinese herbal feed additive of hybridized prussian carp is: take by weight each raw material, first eight kinds of Chinese medicines such as taken phoenix-tail fern, oriental wormwood, the capsule of weeping forsythia, garlic, the red sage root, myrobalan, folium isatidis and the Radix Astragali mixed and be crushed to about about 40-60 order, then pulverizing is obtained to herb powder and mix with taken carrier, after stirring, pack and get final product.
The preparation method of described hybridized prussian carp special compound feed comprises the steps:
(1) percentage composition takes each raw material by weight, by dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, Cottonseed Meal, fish meal, inferior powder, wheat bran, trace mineral supplement, B B-complex and the special Chinese herbal feed additive mixing of hybridized prussian carp for fish for fish, forms compound;
(2) above-mentioned compound is pulverized;
(3) will after the material modulation after pulverizing, carry out expanded granulation;
(4) by the particle oven dry after expanded granulation, cooling, screening;
(5) fish oil taking is sprayed on the qualified particle after screening, finished product packing, obtains hybridized prussian carp special compound feed of the present invention.
embodiment 2: a kind of hybridized prussian carp special compound feed, raw material by following weight percentage is made: dregs of beans 25%, rapeseed dregs 15%, Cottonseed Meal 15%, fish meal 5%, inferior powder 24%, fish oil 6%, wheat bran 8%, trace mineral supplement 1% for fish, B B-complex 0.3% for fish, the special Chinese herbal feed additive 0.7% of hybridized prussian carp.All the other are with embodiment 1.
embodiment 3: animal-breeding test
In hybridized prussian carp cultivation base, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province Dafeng City, choose the hybridized prussian carp of 10 casees cage cultures for raising object, cage size is 2 meters * 4 meters * 1.5 meters, 3 centimetres of meshes, hybridized prussian carp about 1,000 1 ages of tail of every case fry, for the same batch of same a collection of fry of putting in a suitable place to breed, be divided into 5 groups, adopt identical aquaculture model to manage.Wherein organize 1 for control group, adopt commercially available hybridized prussian carp mixed feed to raise; Group 2-3 is experimental group, adopts the hybridized prussian carp special compound feed of the embodiment of the present invention 1,2 to raise; Group 4-5 is contrast test group, adopts the mixed feed of following comparative experimental example 1,2 to feed, and records the growing state in average survival rate and breeding process, and concrete outcome sees the following form 1:
table 1: allogynogenetic crucian carp situation record sheet
| Group | The feed of throwing something and feeding | Survival rate | Growing state |
| Group 1 | Commercially available hybridized prussian carp mixed feed | 79.02% | There is during this time scale fulminant hemorrhage, after administration of antibiotics, obtain Partial controll, cause more fry death, final individual relative minimum |
| Group 2 | Embodiment 1 | 91.65% | Have no during this time scale and infect generation, rare fry death, final individual relative maximum |
| Group 3 | Embodiment 2 | 89.25% | Have no during this time scale and infect generation, rare fry death, final individual relative is larger |
| Group 4 | Comparative experimental example 1 a | 77.25% | There is during this time small-scale fulminant hemorrhage, cause the death of part fry, use group 2 feed postoperative infection controlled, disappear |
| Group 5 | Comparative experimental example 2 b | 84.22% | There is during this time small-scale bacterial infection disease disease, cause the death of part fry |
A. contrast experiment's example 1: a kind of mixed feed, made by the raw material of following weight percentage: dregs of beans 22.7%, rapeseed dregs 18%, Cottonseed Meal 12%, fish meal 8%, inferior powder 25%, fish oil 4%, wheat bran 9%, trace mineral supplement 1% for fish, B B-complex 0.3% for fish.Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
B. comparative experimental example 2: a kind of mixed feed, made by the raw material of following weight percentage: dregs of beans 22%, rapeseed dregs 18%, Cottonseed Meal 12%, fish meal 8%, inferior powder 25%, fish oil 4%, wheat bran 9%, trace mineral supplement 1% for fish, B B-complex 0.3% for fish, Chinese herbal feed additive 0.7%.Wherein said Chinese herbal feed additive is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: 3 parts of phoenix-tail ferns, 5 parts of oriental wormwoods, 5 parts of the reds sage root, 1 part of myrobalan, 1 part of folium isatidis, 7 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 13 parts, carrier.Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Shown by above detoxification result of the test, hybridized prussian carp special compound feed involved in the present invention can prevent the generation of germ in hybridized prussian carp breeding process, virus infections illness effectively, the particularly generation of fulminant hemorrhage and red skin disease, its dominant mechanism is to suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria in water, improve the resistance of hybridized prussian carp to pathogenic bacteria simultaneously, and also find in the process of feeding, for the hybridized prussian carp at the susceptible initial stage hybridized prussian carp special compound feed of the present invention of throwing something and feeding, it can play certain therapeutic action.And in the situation that other conditions are identical, the speed of growth tool of the hybridized prussian carp of the hybridized prussian carp special compound feed of the present invention of feeding has greatly improved, individual average body aobvious contrast and the contrast test group of being greater than kept burning day and night.And feed after hybridized prussian carp special compound feed of the present invention, the immunocompetence of hybridized prussian carp increases, and has improved the survival rate of hybridized prussian carp.
In large-scale cultivation field, the ground breeding process such as Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, hybridized prussian carp special compound feed of the present invention has also been obtained similar effect, and the culture benefit in every mu of waters has improved 17% left and right.
Raw material of the present invention all can be bought from the market.Disclosed is above only specific embodiments of the invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the changes that any person skilled in the art can think of, within all should dropping on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a hybridized prussian carp special compound feed, is characterized in that, is made up of the raw material of following weight percentage: dregs of beans 20 ~ 25%, rapeseed dregs 15-20%, Cottonseed Meal 10 ~ 15%, fish meal 5-10%, inferior powder 20 ~ 30%, fish oil 3 ~ 6%, wheat bran 5 ~ 15%, trace mineral supplement 1% for fish, B B-complex 0.3% for fish, the special Chinese herbal feed additive 0.7% of hybridized prussian carp, the weight percentage sum of above-mentioned each raw material is 100%;
The special Chinese herbal feed additive of wherein said hybridized prussian carp is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: 8 parts of phoenix-tail ferns, 4 parts of oriental wormwoods, 3 parts of the capsules of weeping forsythia, 9 parts, garlic, 2 parts of the reds sage root, 4 parts of myrobalans, 4 parts of folium isatidis, 3 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 15 parts of corn protein powders; The preparation method of the described special Chinese herbal feed additive of hybridized prussian carp is: take by weight each raw material, first eight kinds of Chinese medicines such as taken phoenix-tail fern, oriental wormwood, the capsule of weeping forsythia, garlic, the red sage root, myrobalan, folium isatidis and the Radix Astragali mixed and be crushed to 40-60 order, then pulverizing is obtained to herb powder and mix with taken carrier, after stirring, pack and get final product.
2. hybridized prussian carp special compound feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, made by the raw material of following weight percentage: dregs of beans 22%, rapeseed dregs 18%, Cottonseed Meal 12%, fish meal 8%, inferior powder 25%, fish oil 4%, wheat bran 9%, trace mineral supplement 1% for fish, B B-complex 0.3% for fish, the special Chinese herbal feed additive 0.7% of hybridized prussian carp.
3. hybridized prussian carp special compound feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, made by the raw material of following weight percentage: dregs of beans 25%, rapeseed dregs 15%, Cottonseed Meal 15%, fish meal 5%, inferior powder 24%, fish oil 6%, wheat bran 8%, trace mineral supplement 1% for fish, B B-complex 0.3% for fish, the special Chinese herbal feed additive 0.7% of hybridized prussian carp.
4. a method of preparing the hybridized prussian carp special compound feed described in claim 1 ~ 3 any one, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) percentage composition takes each raw material by weight, by dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, Cottonseed Meal, fish meal, inferior powder, wheat bran, trace mineral supplement, B B-complex and the special Chinese herbal feed additive mixing of hybridized prussian carp for fish for fish, forms compound;
(2) above-mentioned compound is pulverized;
(3) will after the material modulation after pulverizing, carry out expanded granulation;
(4) by the particle oven dry after expanded granulation, cooling, screening;
(5) fish oil taking is sprayed on the qualified particle after screening, finished product packing, obtains described hybridized prussian carp special compound feed.
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| CN103907794B (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-05-13 | 宁波市江东农茹生物科技有限公司 | Special feed additive for cultivating siniperca chuatsi |
| CN104068241A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-10-01 | 范治淮 | Parasite expelling carassius auratus feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104431618A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-03-25 | 常州海大生物饲料有限公司 | Compound feed for preventing and treating gills bleeding of carassius auratus gibelio and application method of compound feed |
| CN105010801A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-11-04 | 盐城恒兴饲料有限公司 | Low fishmeal feed for final grow-out period of carassius auratus gibelio and preparation method thereof |
| CN109463580A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-03-15 | 盐城工学院 | A kind of heterotrophic silver crucian carp feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN114208976A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-22 | 盐城恒兴饲料有限公司 | A kind of feed for heterotrophic silver crucian carp suitable for low temperature conditions and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102846804B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-08-13 | 河北科技师范学院 | Traditional Chinese herbal medicine preparation for treating aeromonas hydrophila diseases of freshwater fish and preparation method thereof |
| CN103142933A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-06-12 | 江苏世盛动物药业有限公司 | Chinese herba preparation for treating disease of liver and gall in fish and preparation method thereof |
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