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CN103328245A - 用于混合动力车辆的传动系 - Google Patents

用于混合动力车辆的传动系 Download PDF

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CN103328245A
CN103328245A CN2011800601099A CN201180060109A CN103328245A CN 103328245 A CN103328245 A CN 103328245A CN 2011800601099 A CN2011800601099 A CN 2011800601099A CN 201180060109 A CN201180060109 A CN 201180060109A CN 103328245 A CN103328245 A CN 103328245A
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sun
planet gear
transmission system
planetary gear
planet
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P·萨维奇
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AVL List GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/065—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4808—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2007—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with two sets of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2033—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with one engaging means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2097—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion comprising an orbital gear set member permanently connected to the housing, e.g. a sun wheel permanently connected to the housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/64—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains, the drive always passing through all the trains, each train having not more than one connection for driving another train
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于混合动力车辆的传动系，其包括内燃机(1)，至少一个电机(3)，在与所述内燃机的输出轴(10)驱动连接的变速器输入轴(8)和变速器输出轴(9)之间的第一行星齿轮机构(4)和第二行星齿轮机构(5)，其中每个行星齿轮机构(4、5)具有太阳轮(SO1，SO2)、行星架(ST1，ST2)和齿圈(H1，H2)的元件，变速器的输入轴(8)与第一行星齿轮机构(4)的第一元件(K11)驱动连接，第一行星齿轮机构(4)和第二行星齿轮机构(5)相继串联地布置在传动系中，且通过对两个行星齿轮机构(4，5)来说类似的第二元件(K12，K22)相互驱动连接，以及所述两个行星齿轮机构(4，5)中的至少一个的第三元件可连接至制动装置(6)。为了实现简单且紧凑的传动系结构，提供了被设计为相同的第一和第二行星齿轮机构(4，5)，制动装置(6)作用于第一行星齿轮机构(4)的第三元件(K13)，优选的，第二行星齿轮机构(5)的类似的第三元件(K13)布置为与所述壳体固定，与第一行星齿轮机构(4)的第一元件(K11)类似的第二行星齿轮机构(5)的第一元件(K21)与所述变速器输出轴(9)驱动连接。

Description

用于混合动力车辆的传动系
本发明涉及用于混合动力车辆的传动系，所述混合动力车辆包括内燃机，至少一个电机，在与内燃机的输出轴驱动连接的变速器输入轴和变速器输出轴之间的第一行星齿轮机构和第二行星齿轮机构，其中每个行星齿轮机构包括太阳轮、行星架和齿圈，变速器输入轴与所述第一行星齿轮机构的第一元件驱动连接，所述第一行星齿轮机构和第二行星机构齿轮相继串联地布置在所述传动系中，并且通过两个行星齿轮机构的第二元件相互驱动连接，所述两个行星齿轮机构中的至少一个的第三元件可连接至制动装置。
用于具有内燃机和至少一个电机的串联式混合动力车辆的传动系可以从US6026921A，DE10229535A1和US7347803A中获知。在这样的称为全混合系统的传动系中，车辆可选地只通过电机操作而不需要内燃机的任何支持。所述内燃机将从特定的操作点接入，由此，驱动可以由内燃机和电机共同完成。需要换挡离合器来将所述内燃机连接至剩余的传动系或从剩余的传动系分开。不利的是，需要为换挡离合器提供额外的空间。
进一步了解的是具有行星齿轮机构的混合动力传动系，其被用作动力分流式变速器，电机和内燃机作用在行星齿轮机构的不同的元件上，输出发生在行星齿轮机构的另外的元件上。这种结构例如可以从DE102007054361A1中获知。其不利的是，电机需要连续提供扭矩以将内燃机的驱动扭矩传递到传动系。
本发明的目的在于提供一种简单且紧凑的用于混合动力车辆的传动系。
这通过根据本发明的方式获得，其中第一和第二行星齿轮机构设计为相同的，制动装置作用在第一行星齿轮机构的第三元件上，优选的，第二行星齿轮机构的类似的第三元件被布置为固定在壳体上，与第一行星齿轮机构的第一元件类似的第二行星齿轮机构的第一元件驱动连接至所述变速器的输出轴。
所述电机可以驱动连接至第二行星齿轮机构的第一或第二元件。
提供了一种非常简单且紧凑的实施方式，其中第二元件分别由行星齿轮机构的齿圈构成。为了刚性驱动连接的目的，第一和第二行星齿轮机构的齿圈可以为一体的部件。
如果第一元件由行星齿轮机构的太阳轮以及第三元件由行星齿轮机构的行星架构成，将是特别有利的。替代地，第一元件还可由行星齿轮机构的行星架构成而第三元件由行星齿轮机构的太阳轮构成。
所有实施方式中的共同方面是，所述传动系没有任何可切换的轴联接器，从而内燃机持续且固定的连接到第一行星齿轮机构的第一元件，变速器输出轴持续且固定地连接到第二行星齿轮机构的类似的第一元件。
由于可以在车辆的传动系中在内燃机和变速器输出轴之间完全避免可切换的联接器，其一方面可能节省整体空间和元件，另一方面可以非常容易地触发两驱动机械之间的转换。
本发明将结合附图进行进一步的描述，其中：
图1显示了根据本发明第一实施方式的传动系；
图2显示了根据本发明第二实施方式的传动系；
图3显示了根据本发明第三实施方式的传动系；
图1至图3显示了用于混合动力车辆的传动系，包括内燃机1，电机3，第一行星齿轮机构4和第二行星齿轮机构5。在变速器输出侧的剩余的传动系包括差速器以及驱动轮在内的变速器输出侧的剩余的传动系由附图标记2来表示。内燃机1的输出轴10直接连接至变速器的输入轴8，所述轴8被直接连接至第一行星齿轮机构4的第一元件K11。第二行星齿轮机构5的类似的第一元件K21通过变速器输出轴9在输出轮侧直接连接至传动系2。
两个行星齿轮机构4，5中的每一个包括太阳轮SO1，SO2，具有行星轮PL1，PL2的行星架ST1，ST2，以及齿圈H1，H2。
下面将详细描述，第一元件K11，K21可以是行星架ST1，ST2，或太阳轮SO1，SO2，其中相关的是第一元件K11，K21通过相同的部件，例如太阳轮或行星架形成于一个对应的结构中。类似的在下文中，第一元件由第一行星齿轮机构4和第二行星齿轮机构5中相同的元件构成。
第一行星齿轮机构4的第二元件K12与第二行星齿轮机构5的类似的第二元件K22刚性地驱动连接。在这里所示的所有实施方式中，第二元件K12，K22由第一和第二行星齿轮机构4，5的齿圈H1，H2形成，其中两个行星齿轮机构的齿圈H1，H2可以有利地以一体的方式布置，从而作为共同的齿圈单元H。
第一行星齿轮机构4的第三元件K13可以通过制动装置6被制动。第二行星齿轮机构5的类似的第三元件K23被刚性地保持，例如，其固定连接到行星齿轮机构5的壳体7。与第一元件类似，第三元件K13，K23可以是太阳轮SO1，SO2或行星架ST1，ST2，其中，在这种情况下相关的是第三元件K13，K23由相同的部件，例如行星架或太阳轮形成于一个对应的结构中。类似的在这种情况下，第三元件由第一行星齿轮机构4和第二行星齿轮机构5中的相同元件构成。
第一和第二行星齿轮机构4，5有利地布置在共用的壳体7中。
在图1中，第一和第二行星齿轮机构4，5的第一元件K11，K21由行星架ST1，ST2构成。第一和第二行星齿轮机构的太阳轮SO1，SO2构成第三元件K13，K23。电机3直接连接到变速器输出轴9。
图3的实施方式与图1的区别在于电机3直接作用在共同的齿圈H上。剩余的部件结构与权利要求1中的对应。
图2中的实施方式与图1中的区别在于第一K11，K21分别由行星齿轮机构4，5的太阳轮SO1，SO2构成，第三元件K12，K23分别由两个行星齿轮机构4，5的行星架ST1，ST2构成。于是，内燃机通过变速器输入轴8直接连接到第一行星齿轮机构4的太阳轮SO1。再者，变速器输出轴9直接连接到第二行星齿轮机构5的太阳轮SO2。制动装置6作用在第一行星齿轮机构4的行星架ST1上。
内燃机1的扭矩能通过致动制动装置6以连续可变的方式进行连接或分离，制动装置6可以构成为制动带的形式。通过类似的设置行星齿轮机构4，5使得传动系结构性价比高且紧凑，其中可以完全省略可切换的轴联接器。

Claims (7)

1.用于混合动力车辆的传动系，包括内燃机(1)，至少一个电机(3)，在与所述内燃机的输出轴(10)驱动连接的变速器输入轴(8)和变速器输出轴(9)之间的第一行星齿轮机构(4)和第二行星齿轮机构(5)，其中各个行星齿轮机构(4、5)具有太阳轮(SO1，SO2)、行星架(ST1，ST2)和齿圈(H1，H2)的元件，所述变速器的输入轴(8)与所述第一行星齿轮机构(4)的第一元件(K11)驱动连接，所述第一行星齿轮机构(4)和所述第二行星齿轮机构(5)相继串联地布置在所述传动系中，且通过对两个行星齿轮机构(8，9)来说类似的第二元件(K12，K22)相互驱动连接，以及所述两个行星齿轮机构(4，5)中的至少一个的第三元件(K13)能连接至制动装置(6)，其特征在于：
所述第一和第二行星齿轮机构(4，5)相同地构造，所述制动装置(6)作用于所述第一行星齿轮机构(4)的所述第三元件(K13)，优选地，所述第二行星齿轮机构(5)的类似的第三元件(K23)布置为与壳体固定，与所述第一行星齿轮机构(4)的所述第一元件(K11)类似的所述第二行星齿轮机构(5)的第一元件(K21)与所述变速器输出轴(9)驱动连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的传动系，其特征在于：所述电机(3)与所述第二行星齿轮机构(5)的所述第一或第二元件(K21，K22)驱动连接。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的传动系，其特征在于：所述第二元件(K12，K22)分别由各个行星齿轮机构(4，5)的齿圈(H1，H2)构成。
4.如权利要求3所述的传动系，其特征在于：所述第一和第二行星齿轮机构(4、5)的齿圈(H1，H2)一体形成。
5.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的传动系，其特征在于：所述第一元件(K11，K21)由所述行星齿轮机构(4、5)的所述行星架(ST1，ST2)构成，所述第三元件(K13，K23)由所述行星齿轮机构(4、5)的所述太阳轮(SO1，SO2)构成。
6.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的传动系，其特征在于：所述第一元件(K11，K21)由所述行星齿轮机构(4、5)的所述太阳轮(SO1，SO2)构成，所述第三元件(K13，K23)由所述行星齿轮机构(4、5)的行星架(ST1，ST2)构成(图2)。
7.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的传动系，其特征在于所述传动系被设置为没有可切换的轴联接器，从而使所述内燃机(1)持续且固定地驱动连接到所述第一行星齿轮机构的所述第一元件(K11)，所述变速器的输出轴(9)持续且固定地驱动连接到所述第二行星齿轮机构(5)的所述第一元件。
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