CN103327807A - System for monitoring growth conditions of plants - Google Patents
System for monitoring growth conditions of plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN103327807A CN103327807A CN2012800062933A CN201280006293A CN103327807A CN 103327807 A CN103327807 A CN 103327807A CN 2012800062933 A CN2012800062933 A CN 2012800062933A CN 201280006293 A CN201280006293 A CN 201280006293A CN 103327807 A CN103327807 A CN 103327807A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
- G01N27/223—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance for determining moisture content, e.g. humidity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
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Abstract
A system (110) for monitoring growth conditions of a plurality of plant containers (112) is disclosed. The system (110) has a transport system (118) for transporting the plant containers (112). Each plant container (112) comprises at least one growing medium (114) and preferably at least one plant specimen (116). The system (110) further comprises at least one measurement position (130) having at least one contactless capacitive humidity sensor (132). The system (110) is adapted to successively transport the plant containers (112) to and from the measurement position (130). The system (110) is further adapted to measure the humidity of the growing medium (114) of the plant containers (112) in the measurement position (130) by using the contactless capacitive humidity sensor (132).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the system and method be used to the growth conditions of monitoring a plurality of container for plants.The invention further relates to the tracking be used to the growth conditions of following the tracks of a plurality of herbariums.The invention further relates to for the method for cultivating plant, be used for phenotype, be used for the method that the genotypic improved plant growth of expectation is selected in based on phenotype scoring, and relate to the rapid analysis method of the stress resistance (stress resistance) for growing plant.The invention further relates to the purposes of non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor in cultivating plant process, the purposes of non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor in arid screening, and the purposes of non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor that is used for measuring the water content of container for plants.The invention further relates to the population of the herbarium of producing be used to the method for the population that herbarium is provided and by the method.
Such system, method and purposes can be applied in all spectra of agricultural research and production, and are applied in all spectra of the chemistry that relates to plant or herbarium and/or biotechnology.Preferably, system and a method according to the invention can be applicable in the test of the technical field of plant test and plant treatment method, such as one or more: the test of the best growing condition and/or assessment; The resistance test that plant is coerced particular type; The test of specific fertilizer and/or nutrition; Selection and/or cultivation with plant of one or more expectation attributes; The measure of merit of particular procedure and/or validity are such as adopting fertilizer and/or the plant of agricultural chemicals or the processing of herbarium.Yet other application of the present invention also is possible.
Background technology
Traditionally, be used for agricultural and the domestication of plants technical field of various purposes, the best growing condition determine and/or control has been one of successful peasant or most important technical ability of cultivation person.Yet even talented and the most hard farming can not prevent that plant from avoiding changeable or uncontrollable condition in many cases, such as climatic variation, the attribute of growth medium changes, or other uncontrollable external action.Yet these variations in the external action are disadvantageous for more specific cultivation result's (such as comparing certain treatment effect of plant and/or more dissimilar plant) possibility in many cases.
Owing to these reasons, developed in recent years many technology, it allows more accurately determining and/or control of various types of plant growing conditions.Therefore, WO2004/068934A2 discloses the process that is used for cultivating plant, is included in the controlled weather conditions environment with controlled nutrition supply and feedwater, bears the plant growth of species in the vessel array of uniform properties growth medium.The container position that this process further is included in the required environment changes, to guarantee that all plants expose at least basically uniformly in the container under the environmental condition.This process further comprises by comparing the phenotypic characteristic of plant, selects to be used for the further step of the plant of cultivation for commercial use.
Similarly, EP1433377A1 discloses the equipment that is applicable in conjunction with the container use, one or more plant growths and associated with it from the equipment of dynamic response for receiving request signal and passing through transmission unique identifier signal in this container.This device comprises: the conveyer parts, and can support container to be used for mobile containers by these conveyer parts; Be used for sending the parts of request signal; Be used for the record identifier signal as parts and the machine element of numeral output, numeral output offered this machine element be used at database with the in advance data storage of descriptor format, be used for operation to bear about the data of container relatively.
The prior art file of this appointment relates generally to the system that is suitable for providing and/or controlling a large amount of plant growing conditions.Yet even under the controlled environment condition, growth conditions also can change from the plant to the plant and from the container to the container, because for example the demand of water or liquid or nutrition can be depending on concrete plant.Therefore, as an example, although in identical environmental condition, the humidity in each growing container also may change.Therefore, developed the analytical technology that the actual growth conditions of plant is determined in a large amount of being suitable for.
Except optical technology, known other type sensor that detects growth conditions that is useful on.Therefore traditional weighing technology is known.Yet this class weighing technology that is used for monitoring soil moisture needs complicated technological system, in order to container is placed on the machine of weighing.Subsequently, container must reach balance in order to weigh.Therefore these systems process of having slowed down high flux screening.In addition, need to convert the weight that measures to water content.Therefore, need to determine the dry content of soil and the weight of container, and all processing of container must be carried out in the mode of not losing soil thereafter.
In addition, CN0201349436Y discloses automatic flower sprinkling controller, and it comprises flowerpot, humidity sensor, controller and water pipe, and wherein humidity sensor is embedded in the soil of flowerpot.When soil moisture content reduced, humidity sensor sent signal of water shortage to controller in order to realize flower sprinkling.
Except embedding the humidity sensor in the soil, the humidity sensor of other type also is known.For example WO2010/031773A1 discloses the measurement device of plant growth medium water content, with moisture content value in the matrix that is identified for the growing plant material.This equipment comprises the first electrode and the second electrode, and being connected to control assembly on the first electrode and the second electrode, control assembly comprises for the detection part that is registered in the electric capacity between the first electrode and the second electrode and from the calculating unit of registration electric capacity derivation matrix moisture content value.
Similarly, WO93/13430A1 discloses the system that is used for the non-invasive monitoring of plant aquation state, this system comprises the time capacitor that comprises a plurality of conducting elements, and described conducting element is suitable for being installed on the plant part aquation state electric capacity with the sensing plant part.In addition, the Capacitance frequency conversion device is electrically connected on the time capacitor and with electromotive force offers time capacitor.
In addition, rolled up for the 71st phase at periodical Agricultural Engineering Research1998, among the people's such as C.M.K.Gardner of 395-403 page or leaf the Soil Water Content Measurement with a High-Frequency Capacitance Sensor, the details of the condenser type monitoring of soil moisture content is disclosed.Particularly, it discloses the basic principle that comprises collimation technique that the condenser type humidity of using the probe that is inserted in the soil and/or electrode is measured.
Simultaneously, the capacitance type sensor for moisture measurement commercially can be used for various application.For example, can obtain from the Feuchtemesssysteme und Industriekomponenten of Germany or www.acoweb.de on the Process Automation and Optimization with Online Moisture Measurement of online document J.Mergl, commercial available sensing system is disclosed, its can be used in all kinds bulk solid such as the online moisture measurement that is used for quality control or monitoring flow process.
In DE19710591A1, the purposes of transmitter and receiver is disclosed.Water content by the inductive measuring vessel of the container for plants by containing soil.
At US3, in 626,286, the instrument that is used for measuring soil moisture is disclosed.Two probes that this Instrument use adopts the soil between probe to separate.This probe can be insulator-metal board or the plane insulated cable made by a plurality of conductors.This circuit has to the ultrasonic oscillator of probe transmitted signal, and it plays the effect of the variable condenser that depends on soil water content.In addition, the purposes that is used for the moisture transducer of growing plant is disclosed.
In EP0392639A2, the method that is used for measuring water content of substrate moisture or is used for the growth product of the growing plant that at least a portion is comprised of artificial material is disclosed.Between two or more electrodes, measure the capacitance of described matrix.
In WO2004/109238A1, Multifunction Sensor is disclosed, it comprises and is arranged in the resistor center of being separated by the humidity sensitive polymer to the metal level of resistor on every side.In addition, the plant regulatory system that uses sensor is disclosed in order to monitor near the moisture in soil plant.This sensor is sandwiched in the sensor stake and is pushed in the ground.
In EP1564542A1, the plant growth analysis system and method is disclosed.It has used the image-taking system that is used for obtaining image and for delivery of the conveying mechanisms of a plurality of plants.In addition, environmental condition recorder such as temperature and humidity is disclosed.
In US2010/0286973A1, disclose for the method for the exchange phenotype of testing take domestication of plants as target.In the method, collect the crop modeling of environmental monitoring that the soil data of at least one position and being applied to carry out at least one position with the build environment data.
In WO2010/031780A1, improved domestication of plants system is disclosed.The document is particularly related to the method for the automation high throughput analysis of plant phenotype in the cultivation system and plant gene type.
In the people such as L.Cattivelli in the 1-14 page or leaf in the 105th volume 1-22008 of FIELD CROPS RESEARCH " Drought tolerance improvement in crop plants:An integrated view from breeding to genomics ", the roughly observation of cultivating drought effect in the plant is disclosed.
Yet although make progress in the monitoring of growth conditions and control field, equipment as known in the art and method still show some major defects.
Use contact type probe, be such as the shortcoming of the humidity sensor of the disclosed equipment of CN0201349436Y, consider the only confined space in the monitoring plant soil of humidity.In addition, such contact type probe can cause the infringement of the root of plant, and comprises that the repeatedly detection that probe is put in and stretch out soil will make soil loosening.Each probe takes out from soil in addition, and some soil will be taken out of with probe, and this can make container maybe can cause in midair the cross pollution of container after repeated measurement.
Non-contact method and system as disclosed measuring system in WO2010/031773A1, are designed to monitor and/or be controlled at a water content in the host material such as many measurement by capacitance usually.Itself in addition point out that the continuous measurement of and same matrix is favourable so that avoidance breakout.Yet these discoveries cause such fact, must provide a large amount of humidity sensors in order to monitor and control each and all herbariums in known system.Therefore, consider conventional art, the high flux screening of a large amount of plants and/or growth conditions is extremely expensive and complicated.
Summary of the invention
Therefore the system and method that the purpose of this invention is to provide the shortcoming and defect of avoiding at least in part system and method well known in the prior art.Particularly, this system and method should be realized in the technology of significantly minimizing and more accurately cultivating, monitor, regulate and testing of a large amount of plants under the finance effort and/or growth conditions.
This problem solves by system, method and the purposes of stating in the independent claims.The mode that can isolate of the present invention or the preferred embodiment of realizing with arbitrarily combination are disclosed in the dependent claims.
In a first aspect of the present invention, the system for the growth conditions of monitoring a plurality of container for plants is disclosed.This system can be the device that single device maybe can comprise two or more quantity, and it can be arranged in the mode of concentrating or disperse.In system comprised situation more than a device, this device can be at least in part by machinery and/or electric component interconnection, or can at least part ofly move in isolated mode.
As employed in this manual, adopt term " to comprise " or its grammatical variants specifying existing of described feature, integer, step or parts or its combination, but do not get rid of the existence of one or more further features, integer, step, parts or its combination and additional.This is equally applicable to, and term " has " or its grammatical variants, the synonym that it " comprises " as term.
As employed in the present invention, statement " monitoring " can refer to one or more parameters, such as detection and/or the record of physics and/or chemical parameters.This parameter can be in any way, such as passing through to measure one or more numerals and/or analog signal, and/or pass through in data storage device and/or the one or more information of database record, and/or detect and/or record by the hard copy that parameter is provided.The detection of other type and/or monitoring also are possible.
As employed in the present invention, statement " growth conditions " can relate to any effect or impact, such as may be to the influential external action of plant growth tool.Therefore, growth conditions can comprise one or more following conditions: such as the humidity of the growth medium of soil and/or water planting thing; One or more analytes in growth medium and/or surrounding air and/or existence and/or the concentration of compound; The moisture content of surrounding air; The temperature of growth medium; The temperature of surrounding air; Light quantity; Amount of space.
The monitoring of growth conditions can mean the simple record of one or more growth conditionss, and/or even can comprise control and/or the modification of growth conditions.Therefore, term " monitoring " can mean adjustment and/or the adjusting of one or more growth conditionss.
As employed in the present invention, term " container for plants " can mean the container of any type, it is suitable for keeping at least in part growth medium and/or plant or herbarium, such as providing machinery to support and/or housing, it completely or partially is looped around around growth medium and/or plant or the herbarium.Container for plants can be arbitrary shape and can be selected from the combination that comprises basin, bowl, cup, hanging basket or any other shape.Basically, container for plants can be looped around around the growth medium at least in part, or even can be the part of growth medium itself.Therefore, growth medium can partly solidify at least in order to mechanical protection is provided and in order to prevents cracked.Therefore, container for plants can comprise the skin of the growth medium of curing, and the other part of growth medium is included in this skin at least in part.The container for plants of other type also is possible.
System or at least the part of system can be placed in the controlled environment such as greenhouse or any other environment, can be controlled such as at least one climate parameter of the temperature of surrounding air and/or humidity therein or even be adjusted at least certain degree.Controlled environment (such as the greenhouse) even can be the part of system itself.Transfer system and/or measuring position can be positioned at controlled environment inside.
This system is suitable for monitoring the growth conditions of a plurality of container for plants.Container for plants can be the part of system.A plurality of at least two container for plants can be provided, be preferably a plurality of at least five container for plants, more preferably can provide at least ten or even a plurality of container for plants of at least one hundred maybe can be the part of system.Each container for plants can comprise growth medium and at least one plant or the herbarium of specified quantitative.
This system has for the transfer system that transmits container for plants.Transfer system can comprise any known elements for the transmission container for plants, and such as being selected from one or more following systems partly: conveyer is preferably belt conveyor or ribbon conveyer; The roller belt; Roller path; Linear actuators such as motion state; Transport vehicle; Anchor clamps; Crane; Robot.Yet the system of this appointment and/or the combination of other system are possible.Preferably, induction system is suitable for the automatic transport container for plants, preferably without any need for artificial input or mutual.Yet the transfer system of other type also is possible.
As mentioned above, each container comprises at least one growth medium and preferably includes at least one herbarium.As used in this, term " herbarium " can refer to the part of any plant or plant, such as root, trunk, blade, seed, seedling.Preferably, each container for plants comprises a plant or herbarium accurately.Yet other embodiment also is possible.Hereinafter, unless clearly mention in addition, term " plant " and " herbarium " are as synonym, although in fact two terms all can refer to one or more complete plants or its part, such as root, trunk, blade, seed, seedling.Irrelevant with the use of odd number or plural form, term " plant, a plurality of plant, a herbarium or an a plurality of herbarium " can refer to single plant or the herbarium on a plurality of plants or herbarium separately.
This system further comprises at least one measuring position, and described measuring position has at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor.This measuring position can comprise measuring station, and it can maybe cannot be the part of transfer system, maybe can be connected to transfer system in order to allow the continuous transmission of container to measuring position and container from the measuring position.Can provide more than a measuring position.As used in this, position and/or the device of term " measuring position " expression system can be carried out at least one measurement in this measuring position or by this measuring position.Yet the function of other type can be included in the measuring position, such as control assembly and/or water wet part, such as watering water station, recording-member, the function of machine element or other type or its combination.
Measuring position (the one or more devices that for example comprised by system in the measuring position) has at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor.As used in this, term " noncontact " refer to not necessarily must be included in container in plant or the mode that directly contacts of herbarium.Non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor must not need the contact growth medium, does not contact plant or plant part yet and is used for moisture measurement.Preferably, like this design system so that all do not having the part of non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor to contact with any part of plant or herbarium during measuring periods.In addition preferably, there is not the part of non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor to contact with growth medium.Preferably, non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor is positioned at the outside of container for plants, and does not need at any time any part of non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor to be inserted in the growth medium.
As used in this, term " capacitance type humidity sensor " refers to sensor or the sensing system based on capacitive measuring principle.Therefore, as example, the capacitance type sensor that can use J.Mergl in above-mentioned disclosing, to disclose.Preferably, capacitance type humidity sensor can be suitable for producing electric field, and this electric field is preferably the alternating electric field that filters or permeate at least in part growth medium, and this growth medium is preferably the whole growth medium in the container that is included in the measuring position.According to the capacitance variations of being induced by the humidity of growth medium and the plant of choosing wantonly or herbarium, sensor or system's deducibility growth medium and the plant of choosing wantonly or the humidity of herbarium.This humidity can be given the absolute value of physical location provide, such as g/cm
3, or can provide with any alternate manner, such as by one or more directly or indirectly parameters relevant with humidity are provided, so that humidity can directly or indirectly derive from these parameters.
This system is suitable for transmitting continuously container to the measuring position or transmits container from the measuring position.Particularly, transfer system can be suitable for providing this continuous transmission.Continuously transmission can mean one or be sent to measuring position by humidity sensor measurement more than one container for plants, then is at least one other container for plants or one group of container for plants, and it is sent to the measuring position at time point after a while.Preferably, this system is suitable for transmitting container to the measuring position and transmits container from the measuring position with the time interval that equates, so that equating for all container for plants to the transmission of the first container for plants of measuring position with to the time interval between the transmission of the continuous container for plants of measuring position.Other embodiment also is possible.Single-measurement position or a plurality of measuring position can be provided.Transmission can in a step-wise fashion or in a continuous manner or with it make up to carry out.
This system is further adapted for by using non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor measurement in the humidity of the container growth medium of measuring position.For this purpose, can use as mentioned above or as the described condenser type humidity of the prior art file measuring method of one or more appointments.The result of moisture measurement can be subject to the further processing of system, such as being selected from following processing: the demonstration of measurement result, the storage of measurement result and/or record, the storage of measurement result in database, the hard copy output of measurement result.Specified possibility and/or the combination of other possibility also are feasible.
With respect to many prior art systems, the fact of advantage of the present invention is that the moisture measurement of non-contact capacitive formula is feasible.This system is suitable for determining water content in the container for plants with cordless.For example non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor can be suitable for setting up the cheese measured zone so that can measure above the non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor, below or near the water content of this domed shape zone inner volume.The domed shape zone of measuring can cover the zone of at least one container for plants in the measuring position fully, so that can measure the water content of whole growth medium in container, rather than use the known measurement of humidity probe.In addition, can avoid complicated calculations and/or measurement, such as the calculating from the water content of weight measurement.In addition, by using non-cpntact measurement, can avoid the loss of soil or any other growth medium.In addition, can avoid the interference of soil structure or grown cultures based structures, and to the latent lesion of root.
This system can be suitable for carrying out high flux screening to be measured, and preferably carries out in the automation mode.Measurement can be carried out glibly, and the process of measurement of the complexity that need to not limit such as the reflection of optical system.
As mentioned above, transfer system can design in every way.Preferably, transfer system can be maybe can comprise being suitable for all containers are repeated to be sent to closed-loop system in the measuring position.As used in this, statement " closed-loop system " refers to that transfer system can transmit a plurality of container for plants with predetermined order, and transfer system can repeat and with predefined procedure container for plants is sent in the measuring position continuously.Therefore preferably, transfer system comprises the transmission circle of arbitrary shape, transmit circle and can each container for plants be repeated to be sent to the measuring position by using the first that transmits circle, and by using the second portion that transmits circle to transmit container for plants from the measuring position, second portion is connected to first, is preferably connected to the outside, measuring position.Yet other transfer system also is possible, such as the one or more robots of use or for the transfer system that container for plants is sent to other conveyer of measuring position.
Preferably, the system that is used for monitoring a plurality of container for plants growth conditionss be suitable for predetermined time point and/or predetermined time interval (preferably weekly at least or even once a day) each container is sent to the measuring position.This embodiment for example can be by monitoring each container for plants the position and by adapting to transfer rate and realize satisfying the such mode of above-mentioned condition.Alternately or extraly, transfer system can comprise a plurality of predetermined transmission places, each transmits place and may be taken by at least one container for plants, such as predetermined conveyer belt floor space (floor space).In case passed through the predetermined time interval, such as several seconds, a few minutes or even time interval of several hours, just can will transmit the place at the predetermined time interval and be sent to continuously the measuring position, such as by the new transmission place of touching in the measuring position.Transmit particular platform or floor space that the place can comprise transfer system, such as equidistant platform, wherein each container for plants may be positioned on the platform.Other transfer system that transmits place or other type is possible.
In a preferred embodiment, non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor carry out maybe can be suitable for carrying out from container for plants than the moisture measurement of downside by the container for plants bottom.Therefore, non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor can be suitable for producing electric field, such as alternating electric field, and the bottom of its infiltration container for plants.For example, as mentioned above, non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor can be suitable for producing the domed shape electric field by bottom infiltration container for plants, and the full content of cover plant container preferably.
Preferably, non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor can comprise the sensor unit of a compactness, and it can be arranged in below the container for plants of measuring position.Therefore, can use the sensor unit that in above-mentioned disclosing, discloses such as J.Mergl.Yet non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor can be the sensor that maybe can comprise other type.
Preferably, non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor is suitable for measuring the humidity of the whole content of container for plants, and it means the whole content that is included at least growth medium that is arranged in the corresponding container for plants in measuring position.In addition, non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor can be suitable for measuring the plant humidity that is comprised in the container for plants.
As mentioned above, non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor preferably can be suitable for producing electric field, and this electric field is preferably alternating electric field.Preferably, non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor can operate at 10MHz to 300MHz, preferably works at 80MHz to 150MHz.These frequencies are fit to the common material of infiltration container for plants very much, such as plastic material, clay, ceramic material, stone, fabric or be generally used for other material of container for plants.In addition, these frequencies are fit to the common growth medium of infiltration very much, such as soil, fabric, water planting thing or other growth medium.
Non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor can be suitable for producing at least one measuring-signal that characterizes humidity.This at least one measuring-signal can be single signal or burst.Measuring-signal can comprise simulation and/or data signal.Measuring-signal can be the signal of telecommunication, such as voltage and/or current signal and/or digital electric signal.Preferably, non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor can be suitable for producing at least one voltage signal, is preferably the voltage signal from 0VDC to 10VDC, and/or current signal, is preferably the current signal from 0mA to 20mA.Yet other embodiment also is possible.
As mentioned above, transfer system can design and can comprise the conveyer of one or more types in every way.Preferably, transfer system comprises at least one conveyer belt.In this embodiment, non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor preferably can be installed in below the conveyer belt, preferably in the measuring position.Yet, alternative or extraly, the conveyer of other type also is feasible as mentioned above.
Except the measuring position, system also can further have at least one and water water station, and the growth medium that system can be suitable in each container for plants adds liquid, preferred automatic liquid feeding body.One or more water stations that water can be provided.Can be integrated in the measuring position at least in part watering water station, or alternative or extraly, system can comprise the independent water station that waters that at least one and measuring position are irrelevant.
As used in this, term " waters water station " and refers to the system and device that is suitable for adding to growth medium liquid.Therefore, water the device that water station can comprise one or more liquid supplies and one or more hole or be suitable for providing to growth medium other type of liquid, such as any combination of cube, valve, nozzle, tap, sprayer or specified device and/or other device.
In addition as used in this, term " liquid " can refer at least part of any material of liquid condition that is.Preferably, term " liquid " refers to aqueous substance, such as pure water or comprise one water in one or more compositions such as salt, nutrient, fertilizer, the agricultural chemicals.Even can use salt solution and it can be added in the container for plants therefore.The liquid of the growth medium in each container for plants is added (when being arranged in when watering water station preferably at each container for plants) can be carried out automatic, semi-automatic or non-automaticly, the wherein automatic interpolation of preferred liquid does not namely need the liquid of human intervention and/or intervention to add.
This system can be suitable for automatically controlling the humidity of the growth medium of each container for plants or each container for plants.As used in this, term " control " points to the humidity adjustment of predeterminated level, is preferably automatic adjustment.This system even can be suitable for being adjusted in the humidity of the growth medium in each container for plants.As used in this, term " adjusting " refers to process, humidity real value and at least one predetermined target value process relatively wherein, and relatively produce at least one by this and have actuation variable (actuating variable) on the impact of growth medium humidity, such as the actuation variable of the effect of standing to watering.Yet the water station that waters of other type also is feasible.
Preferably, this system growth medium that can be suitable in each container for plants adds (preferably automatically adding) liquid to predetermined humidity level.As mentioned above, the interpolation of this liquid can with controlled or even modulated mode carry out.Preferably, can be such as by computer system and/or manually adjust at least one predetermined humidity level.Preferably, predetermined humidity level can regulate separately for each container for plants.
In further preferred embodiment, this system can be suitable for by assessing at least one container for plants, and preferably the humidity in all container for plants is come the automatic recognition system fault.Preferably, this system can be suitable for automatically identifying at least one optional fault of watering water station.Therefore, this system can be suitable for identifying one or more or preferably the humidity level in all container for plants be equal to or less than predetermined lower horizontal, and therefore can be suitable for automatically identification and water water station and/or transmit container for plants to the fault of the transfer system that waters water station.
In the situation that recognize fault, this system can be further adapted for and take (preferably automatically taking) one or more predetermined security measures.Therefore, this system is identifying the system failure, preferably identify and can be suitable for carrying out one or more following actions in the situation of the station failure that waters: the output warning, such as by showing warning and/or exporting at least one other parts or at least one external component of at least one acoustics and/or visual cautionary signal and/or reporting system; Total body action of halt system; Stop total body action of transfer system; Record trouble such as by the fault in the database of record, preferably comprises at least one time point of fault and/or the clauses and subclauses of fault type by record.Yet, alternately or extraly, can take the security measure of other type, add the amount of liquid of each container for plants to such as adjustment, for example add the amount of liquid of container for plants to by interim increase.
In further preferred embodiment, each can have at least one identifier container for plants.Preferably, these identifiers can be maybe to comprise one or more following identifiers: bar code; Contactless electronic identifier, this electronic identifier are preferably at least one quick RFID tag (RFID label).Yet, alternately or extraly, the identifier of other type also is possible.Preferably, this at least one identifier comprises at least one contactless identifier, namely comprises the identifier of at least one information, and it can read and any physical contact that need to be between reading mechanism and identifier from identifier.Each container for plants can comprise one or more identifiers.This at least one identifier can be included in the container for plants, such as by (preferably on the outer surface) in the material that identifier is integrated into container for plants and/or on the surface of container for plants and/or by identifier being integrated in the inner space of container for plants, such as by identifier being implemented in the growth medium in the container for plants and/or by identifier being implemented on the plant that is included in the container for plants or in the plant.Alternative or extraly, the identifier that is implemented into other type in the container for plants also is possible.In general, this at least one identifier not necessarily must with the container for plants physical contact, but should distribute to each container for plants in any clear and definite mode.
This system preferably is suitable for the identification marking symbol.Therefore, this system can comprise one or more recognition devices, and such as one or more reading devices, one or more positions that it can be positioned at system are preferably placed in one or more positions of transfer system.Therefore, this system can comprise at least one be used for reading in the measuring position and/or in watering water station or near the reading device of at least one identifier.As used in this, term " reads " detection that refers to be included at least one information at least one identifier, depending on the circumstances or the needs of the situation comprises one or more steps of decoded information.
Preferably, this system is suitable for identifying the container for plants that is currently located in the measuring position.Alternative or extraly, this system can be suitable for identifying each container for plants that is currently located in any other precalculated position of watering water station and/or system.This can be by at least one reading device realization of location, and described reading device is suitable for reading in the electronic identifier that waters each container for plants in water station and/or the measuring position.Yet, alternative or extraly, the embodiment of other type also is possible.
Therefore, this system can comprise separate with the measuring position and/or with water that water station separates at least one read the station, and preferably can be suitable for reading the motion that container for plants is followed the tracks of at the station from this, such as with progressively or continuous motion, so that identification is currently located at the measuring position and/or waters specified plant container in the water station.By combination transmission information, described transmission information can provide by the other parts of transfer system or system, uses and reads the information that the station provides by at least one, can retrieve the accurate whereabouts of container for plants and the current location information of each container for plants.
In the present embodiment or other embodiment, at least one the optional reading device that is suitable for reading at least one identifier can comprise the reading device of one or more types.Therefore, can comprise one or more optical pickup devices, such as the Optical devices that are used for reading the one or more bar codes that are assigned to container.Therefore, can comprise one or more barcode readers.Additionally or alternately, can there be the reading device of other type, such as the contactless electronic identifier reader of RFID reader or other type.
In a preferred embodiment, this at least one identifier can comprise at least one data storage device.Therefore, at least one volatibility and/or at least one non-volatile data storage can be present in the identifier.Optional at least one read the station and can be suitable for from data storage device reading information and/or write information in the data storage device.Therefore, data might be write back identifier.Therefore, at least one identifier can comprise data storage, such as storage chip, is used for the data such as humidity data and/or plant identification.Data storage can realize in the identifier of any type, such as in contactless identifier, and for example RFID chip, electric data carrier or optical data carrier.
In further preferred embodiment, this system can further have at least one monitoring system.This at least one monitoring system can be suitable for the humidity of the growth medium of (preferably in each container for plants) in the monitoring plant container, preferably as the function of herbarium and/or the function of time.
Preferably, this system and more preferably at least one monitoring system can comprise at least one tape deck, this tape deck is suitable for recording the humidity of the growth medium of (preferably in each container for plants) in the container for plants.Therefore, can record the Time evolution of the growth medium humidity in the container for plants.Alternative or extraly, the type of herbarium can be recorded, and the humidity of the growth medium of each container for plants that comprises each herbarium can be recorded.
Tape deck can comprise one or more data-storage systems, such as one or more volatibility and/or non-volatile data storage system.Alternative or extraly, monitoring system can comprise one or more data handling systems, such as one or more calculators, be preferably one or more microcontrollers.
At least one data handling system can comprise at least one database, and this database is suitable for the humidity of growth medium in the monitoring plant container, preferably as the function of herbarium and/or the function of time.The monitoring system of other type also is feasible.In this or other embodiment of the present invention, the container for plants that is included in the system not necessarily must be identical.Therefore, can use dissimilar container for plants, and/or dissimilar growth medium, and/or dissimilar herbarium.This monitoring system can have at least one database for the record various types of information, such as being used for the database of record as the humidity of each container for plants growth medium of the function of herbarium and/or the function of time.
Preferably, can have be used at least one imaging system of catching the herbarium image according to system of the present invention.Therefore, can have one or more imagings station according to system of the present invention, the imaging station that it can be designed to independent imaging station and/or be integrated at least in part the measuring position and/or optionally water water station and/or any other station.Therefore, imaging system can comprise one or more imaging sensors, such as photosensitive CCD chip and/or CMOS chip and/or any other imager chip.In addition, each can comprise one or more imaging optical systems imaging system, such as one or more lens, aperture, such as reflecting element and/or the combination specified and/or other optical element of mirror.In addition, imaging system can comprise one or more filter system.At least one imaging system can be suitable for one or more spectral wavelengths, such as wavelength infrared or near infrared spectral range and/or visible-range and/or ultraviolet ray range.Additionally or alternately, for being suitable for electromagnetic imaging system, can use the imaging system of utilizing other type ray, such as x-ray system and/or particle imaging system.
Catching of image can be carried out in every way.Therefore, catching of image can be carried out in pure electronics mode, such as by the Electronic saving image-forming information, for example uses one or more databases and/or one or more volatibility or non-volatile data storage.Additionally or alternately, can be such as by using display unit to show image.Equally, alternative or extraly, the printout that image can be transferred to miscellaneous equipment and/or can produce image.
In addition, the another part according at least one imaging system of the present invention or system can be suitable for the carries out image analysis.Therefore, one or more graphics processing units can be included in the system, preferably are included at least in part in the imaging system, and this graphics processing unit can be suitable for the wholly or in part processing of captured images.Therefore, concrete result can (automatically preferred) come from the image of catching, such as color parameter and/or the parameter of sign plant volume and/or the parameter of other type.
Preferably, can further have at least one measurement device at least one growth parameter(s) of measuring herbarium according to system of the present invention.Equally, this at least one measurement device can be integrated in the miscellaneous equipment of system at least in part, such as be integrated into the measuring position and/or water water station and/or at least one imaging system in.Additionally or alternately, this system can comprise that at least one measurement device is as the separation equipment and/or the autonomous device that separate with other device according to system of the present invention.This at least one measuring system can be used one or more physics and/or chemical measurement principle, in order to measure at least one growth parameter(s) of herbarium.Therefore, can be such as by using optical principle with above-mentioned disclosed at least one imaging system.
As explained, can obtain growth parameter(s) from catching the image of herbarium, such as one or more color parameters, and/or the volume of herbarium, and/or the root volume of herbarium, and/or plant height, and/or the biomass of herbarium (biomass), and/or one or more in specified and/or other parameter combinations.
This system can be further adapted for the growth parameter(s) of each container for plants in the database of record.Preferably, at least one growth parameter(s) is recorded in the database, and this growth parameter(s) can comprise the suitable memory device of any type, as the function of time and/or as the function of herbarium.As mentioned above, this at least one growth parameter(s) can comprise the one or more parameters that characterize the herbarium growth.This at least one growth parameter(s) preferably can be selected from: the height of herbarium; The width of herbarium; The color parameter of herbarium; Blade quantity; At least one structure of herbarium; The existence of flower in the herbarium; Characterize the parameter of biomass volume in the herbarium; The parameter of the herbarium of sign container for plants inside and/or the biochemical content of growth medium; Characterize the parameter of the root growth of herbarium.Yet the combination of the parameter of other type and/or specified parameter and/or other parameter also is possible.
The method of the growth conditions that is used for monitoring a plurality of container for plants is disclosed in another aspect of this invention.Each container for plants comprises at least one growth medium and preferably includes at least one herbarium.Such as by using transfer system (being preferably above-mentioned disclosed transfer system), container for plants is sent at least one measuring position continuously or transmits from least one measuring position.The growth medium humidity of container for plants can be by using at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor measurement in the measuring position.
About the potential embodiment of the method according to this invention, can be with reference to the said system that is used for monitoring a plurality of container for plants growth conditionss.Therefore, the method according to this invention can be by using system according to the present invention to carry out.Therefore, can be with reference to above-mentioned disclosed embodiment and definition.Yet, can use the system of other type.
In a preferred embodiment, executive basis method of the present invention is so that the water consumption of monitoring and preferred each herbarium of record.Therefore, the water consumption of each herbarium can come from the continuous measurement of humidity, and moisture measurement and at least one subsequently moisture measurement of measuring period such as a measuring period are positioned over container for plants in the measuring position in this subsequently measuring period equally.Consider add to optional at least one water the liquid of the container for plants of water station, preferably this water consumption can come from these measurements such as the clean consumption of the water by calculating each herbarium or liquid.Equally, this record can be by with at least one volatibility or non-volatile data storage and/or by carrying out with at least one database.This calculating can be by using at least one data processing equipment, such as by carrying out with at least one calculator.Therefore, can use a centralized computer according to system of the present invention and/or the method according to this invention and/or have decentralized computer system more than a calculator.This data processing equipment can comprise one or more software kits, in order to carry out one or more steps of this method, such as the calculating of water consumption.
In another aspect of this invention, the tracking that is used for following the tracks of a plurality of herbarium growth conditionss is disclosed.A plurality of herbariums are grown in growth medium, and it is positioned at the inside of a plurality of container for plants at least in part.Tracking use to be used for the method for monitoring growth conditions, as mentioned disclosed or as following disclosed one or more embodiment in disclosed, be used for the humidity of each container for plants of control.In tracking, the humidity in each container for plants is stored in the database, preferably as the function of time and/or as the function of herbarium.Therefore, as used in this, term " is used for following the tracks of the tracking of growth conditions " and refers to except monitoring simply the growth conditions, also utilize at least one database in order to produce the track record of humidity in each container for plants, such as the growth result and the growth conditions track record method relatively that are used for after a while.
In addition, except at least one moisture measurement of each container for plants, database also can comprise further information.Therefore, as mentioned above, the humidity in each container for plants can be stored as the function of time and/or as the function of herbarium.Additionally or alternately, at least one database can comprise further data.Therefore, at least one growth parameter(s) of each herbarium can be recorded in the database, preferably as the function of time or as the function of herbarium.About potential growth parameter(s), can disclosing with reference to the potential growth parameter that goes out listed above.
Except record data simply, tracking also can further comprise one or more to data or be included in the step that the partial data at least one database is assessed.Therefore, tracking can further comprise at least one method step, obtains best soil moisture by the soil moisture that compares growth parameter(s) and container for plants therein.
In addition, additionally or alternately, for one or more appraisal procedures, tracking can comprise further that one or more therein test plants samples are to the testing procedure of the reaction of particular growth condition.Therefore, tracking can comprise one or more steps of carrying out therein arid test and/or water application efficiency test.In at least one arid test and/or the test of at least one water application efficiency, various herbariums stand the lack of water of a period of time or reduce the water yield at this, wherein record herbarium to the reaction of lack of water or the minimizing water yield.Therefore, can record equally and/or assess the Time evolution of one or more growth parameter(s)s and/or this at least one growth parameter(s), so that qualitative and/or quantitative herbarium is to the reaction of lack of water or the minimizing water yield.
As an example, can use also and can record a period of time greenness parameter, carry out arid test and/or water application efficiency test during this period, and the Time evolution of greenness index and/or greenness index can be used for qualitative and/or quantitative herbarium to the reaction of arid test and/or water application efficiency test.In this arid test and/or water application efficiency test, various herbariums can comprise various herbarium, it stands identical arid test and/or water application efficiency test, or alternative or extraly, the various herbariums of same type can stand dissimilar arid test and/or water application efficiency test, such as standing lack of water by the various herbariums that make same type or reducing the water yield to different degree, so that the assessment herbarium is to the reaction sensitivity of lack of water or the minimizing water yield.Arid test and/or the water application efficiency test of other type also are possible and to be known for those skilled in the art.
Can assess and/or drought resistance and/or the water application efficiency of monitoring plant sample.Therefore, such as by the specific growth parameter(s) of assessment, greenness index for example, herbarium for lack of water or reduce the resistance of the water yield can be by qualitative and/or quantitatively relatively and/or assessment.By the amount of liquid of relatively interpolation and the drought resistance of plant, but the water application efficiency of monitoring plant sample.
In another aspect of this invention, the method for cultivating plant is disclosed.As used in this, term " cultivation " refers to the plant regeneration of any type, and it comprises plant with specific required reproductive characteristic or the selection of herbarium.In addition, term " domestication of plants " can comprise more complicated technology, such as the selection of at least one particular phenotype and/or genotypic properties, such as passing through the specific plant parameter of assessment and/or growth parameter(s) and/or genetic characteristics.Except the selection of specified plant or plant part, cultivation also can comprise one or more other steps, such as the step that generates selected plant seedlings.
The method of be used for cultivating according to plant of the present invention comprises, in the controlled weather conditions environment with controlled fluid supply, bears the growth of a plurality of plants of at least one species in a plurality of container for plants of uniform properties growth medium.A plurality of container for plants can comprise container for plants array or the row's container for plants of bearing growth medium.
As used in this, term " uniform properties " refers to the growth medium in the different container for plants, and it is as much as possible with identical such as the ordinary skill of the growth medium of taking from the supply of isometric growth medium.Therefore, at least on macroscopic view and more preferably chemically, the growth conditions that is provided by the growth medium in the different container for plants is identical with the probabilistic point of experiment at least.
In addition, as used in this, term " controlled weather conditions environment " refers to therein at least one climate parameter be adjusted to the container for plants environment of one or more specific, predetermined values.Therefore, controlled weather conditions environment can comprise such environment, and ambient temperature is adjusted at least one predetermined temperature therein, and this ambient temperature can be the static impact that maybe can be subject to Time evolution.Control can comprise the control less than particular temperature value in the experiment uncertainty of 1 ° of K or less (such as 0.5 ° of K).Controlled weather conditions can comprise such as regulating by the weather conditions that use at least one controller or adjuster, so that the condition of regulating the climate is at least one predetermined value.
In addition, as used in this, term " controlled fluid supply " refers to such fact, namely the liquid supply of each container for plants is carried out in a predetermined manner, such as the system of the present invention that passes through to use according in above-mentioned disclosed one or more embodiment.Therefore, the controlled fluid supply can comprise the set rate of each container for plants liquid supply.Therefore, as mentioned above, can use and one or morely water water station so that control liquid supply.
In addition, the method for cultivating plant according to the present invention is included in and changes the container for plants position in the required environment, to guarantee at least basically uniformly exposure of all plants in the container for plants under the environmental condition.In other words, if there be N potential site in container for plants in environment, then the method is carried out by this way, namely the time quantum (wherein i=1 to N) in position i cost equates basically for all container for plants, this preferably meant variation between container less than 1 hour, preferably less than 10 minutes, and more preferably less than 1 minute.Yet, can between diverse location, change at the time quantum of each container for plants of potential site.
Equally, this change of position can be by using according to the present invention and carrying out such as disclosed system among above-mentioned one or more embodiment.Preferably, use at least one transfer system.By making in this way, the variation of plant growing condition in the container for plants that is caused by diverse location in the environment can be reduced to minimum of a value.
According to according to the present invention further comprising the steps for the method for cultivating plant: by the phenotypic characteristic of plant relatively, select to be used for further cultivating or being used for the plant of commercial use.As used in this, term " phenotypic characteristic " refers at least one observable characteristic or proterties of plant or herbarium, such as the Time evolution of at least one morphological parameters or at least one morphological parameters.Therefore, at least one phenotypic characteristic that can be used for the plant comparison can comprise the Time evolution of one or more growth parameter(s)s and/or one or more morphological parameters and/or these parameters, such as the resistance of one or more growth parameter(s)s and/or one or more morphological parameters and/or one or more resistances such as at least one arid is tested.
Be used for to cultivate the method for plant, container is being sent to the measuring position continuously or from measuring position transmission container by at least one transfer system (such as by using above-mentioned disclosed system).By using at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor, be preferably the non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor according to one or more embodiment of non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor, in the measuring position, measure the growth medium humidity of container for plants, disclosed such as above-mentioned system according to the present invention herein.
In another aspect of this invention, openly be used for the method for improvement growth of phenotype plant to be used for marking to select the genotype expected based on phenotype.As used in this, term " phenotype " refers to the monitoring of one or more phenotypic characteristics of plant or herbarium.In addition, as used in this, term " genotype " refers to the genomic constitution of plant or herbarium or one of them part.Term " phenotype scoring " refers to as above disclosed phenotype result's qualitative or Quantitative Comparison, such as the qualitative and/or Quantitative Comparison that refers to one or more phenotypic characteristics.This scoring can be carried out in quantitative rank, such as at least two classifications using the phenotypic characteristic that is used for classification plant or herbarium.
For improvement of the method for plant growth be included in vegeto-animal at least one step of automatic moving during the growth cycle, in order to avoid the long-time exposure of specific microenvironment.Therefore, can with reference to as above disclosed for cultivating plant method and change at least one step of container for plants position with reference to the method.Particularly, can use the system that comprises one or more transfer systems according to of the present invention.Therefore, can be with reference to above-mentioned disclosed embodiment.
For improvement of the method for plant growth comprise that further at least one is by measuring the step of the growth medium humidity of plant with at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor.About definition and/or the potential embodiment of non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor, can be with reference to as above disclosed according to the system of the present invention among one or more embodiment.
For improvement of the method for plant growth further comprise the step of at least one controlled humidity.As used herein and as defined above, term " controlled humidity " refers to that humidity arrives the adjustment of at least one predeterminated level, it may be constant or temporal evolution.This adjustment can be included in the simple adjustment of at least one predetermined value or even can be included in the humidity regulation of at least one predetermined value.For controlled humidity, can use as above disclosed at least one water water station.
The rapid analysis method of the stress resistance of growing plant is disclosed in another aspect of this invention.
As used in this, term " stress resistance of growing plant " is although refer to disadvantageous growth conditions, such as lack of water, salt solution, shortage nutrition, non-best ambient temperature or its combination, but continue their the concrete plant of process of growth or the ability degree of herbarium in unaffected mode almost.Therefore, term " is coerced " and is referred to non-the best growing condition, all as previously mentioned one or more non-the best growing conditions.
Term " rapid analysis " refers on the short time yardstick, such as being no more than 5 growth cycles comprising, preferably be no more than 2, or be most preferably not exceeding a growth cycle or even still less, such as 5 months or still less, be preferably 3 months or still less, or even 1 month or time scale still less on, quantitative and/or the qualitative evaluation of the stress resistance of at least one growing plant is preferably the stress resistance of dissimilar growing plant relatively.
Be included at least one step of growing plant under the stress conditions according to the rapid analysis method of the stress resistance of growing plant of the present invention.As mentioned above, these pressure conditions can comprise non-the best growing condition or its combination of any type.In addition, the method according to this invention comprises that at least one is by measuring the step of the humidity of plant growth culture medium with at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor.
Preferably, at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor can design such as the disclosed herein of above-mentioned system according to the invention.In addition, the rapid analysis method of the stress resistance of growing plant comprises that at least one is based on the step of psychrometrc analysis plant stress resistance.Therefore, by assessing at least in part the humidity by at least one contactless humidity sensor measurement, can qualitative and/or qualitative assessment stress resistance for a plant or a plurality of plant.Therefore, can assess the water consumption of at least one plant.Alternately or extraly, the parameter of at least one other type can be used for qualitative and/or quantitative stress resistance, and by the humidity of at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor measurement can be used for the rank that quantitative and/or qualitative plant stress exposes.
In another aspect of this invention, the purposes that is used for cultivating plant process non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor is disclosed.Equally about term " cultivation ", can be with reference to above-mentioned definition.This purposes can further comprise for the purposes of monitoring according to the system of a plurality of container for plants growth conditionss of above-mentioned disclosed one or more embodiment.
The purposes of non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor in the arid screening is disclosed in another aspect of this invention.About term " arid ", can disclosing with reference to above-mentioned one or more methods.Therefore, arid screening can be included in the test of a plurality of plants under a plurality of different drought conditions.Equally, this purposes can further comprise for the purposes of monitoring according to the system of a plurality of container for plants growth conditionss of above-mentioned disclosed one or more embodiment.
The purposes of the non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor that is used for measurement container for plants water content is disclosed in another aspect of this invention.Equally, this purposes can further comprise for the purposes of monitoring according to the system of a plurality of container for plants growth conditionss of above-mentioned disclosed one or more embodiment.
In another aspect of this invention, the method that is used for providing the herbarium population is disclosed.This population preferably has (plant-to-plant) variability between low plant strain.This aspect is based on following discovery, and namely the even population of herbarium is for carrying out specific test and/or relatively being desirable.Therefore, for the phenotypic effect of some effector molecules of assessment (effector), should provide the population of herbarium, this preferably shows variability between low plant strain, such as variability between the low plant strain of at least one growth parameter(s).Therefore, in other words, all plants of this population preferably should be almost similar in order to reduce the plant inter-strain variation to the impact of test result.
Therefore, in another aspect of this invention, the method that is used for providing the herbarium population is disclosed.The population of herbarium preferably has variability between low plant strain.The method is preferably used the system according to above-mentioned disclosed one or more embodiment, namely is used for monitoring the system of a plurality of container for plants growth conditionss.Alternately or extraly, the method preferably can be used non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor.Yet, can be additionally or alternately use other system and/or sensor, such as contactless humidity sensor.
The method may further comprise the steps, and it preferably can be carried out with given order.Yet other sequence also is possible.In addition, one or more method steps can be carried out and/or can carry out in the mode of time parallel or time-interleaving with different orders.Equally, one or more step can repeat.
At first, the method comprises that at least one determines to cause the predetermined result of cultivation, the step that preferred best standard of cultivating the result is watered water condition.These standards are watered water condition and can be comprised, with at least one growth medium of herbarium at least one predeterminated level that waters, this predeterminated level can be constant maybe can be reduced at least one lower horizontal from least one upper level and change, such as watering by use and the sequence of drying steps.As following disclosed, predetermined cultivation result can be the cultivation result of herbarium, and described herbarium has at least one growth parameter(s), such as the combination of blade area, body weight or growth parameter(s).In this respect, can be with reference to growth parameter(s) above-mentioned.Preferably, this at least one predetermined result of cultivation is the best result of cultivation, such as the best or the maximum blade area of herbarium, or the best or maximum biomass.Yet it also is possible that other standard is watered water condition.
In further method step, determined to comprise that watering water condition is lower than at least one drought condition that waters water condition that standard is watered water condition.Therefore, these drought conditions can comprise be lower than as above disclosed standard water water condition on average water on average water.Alternately or extraly, drought condition can comprise the longer cycle, and rewatering without growth medium.Equally alternately or extraly, drought condition can comprise: rewater or water and be high at least one upper level, described upper level is lower than at least one upper level that standard is watered water condition; And/or the drying of growth medium drops at least one lower horizontal, and described lower horizontal is lower than the lower horizontal that standard is watered water condition.
The further step of the method comprises, by using the drought condition of as above determining, cultivates the population of herbarium in comprising at least one container for plants of at least one growth medium.This population can comprise at least two, and preferred three, four or more herbariums are preferably same species.These herbariums can remain in the identical container for plants, cultivate a plurality of herbariums such as passing through in delegation or multirow herbarium.Alternately or extraly, can use a plurality of container for plants, each container for plants comprises at least one growth medium and at least one herbarium.
Preferably, between the establishment period of herbarium population, at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor is used for the Monitoring of Drought condition.Yet, alternately or extraly, can use the humidity sensor of other type.
Preferably, before herbarium is bloomed, cultivate by using drought condition to carry out herbarium.Preferably, Application standard waters water condition after blooming.
Preferably, select at least one growth parameter(s) of herbarium as the measurement of condition influence that the cultivation result is watered.About potential growth parameter applicable in the present embodiment, can be with reference to growth parameter(s) above-mentioned.Preferably, can use at least one biomass of at least one blade area of herbarium and/or herbarium.The average out to of the growth parameter(s) of hypothesis population is maximum but selection criteria is watered water condition.Therefore, standard is watered water condition can come from least one pre-implantation experiment, such as making a plurality of herbariums stand the experiment that difference is watered water condition, determines to cause supposing the water condition that waters of peaked growth parameter(s).These can be caused the peaked water condition that waters to elect standard as and water water condition.
Preferably, drought condition comprises watering of growth medium, so that it is high at least one predetermined upper level that growth medium is watered, is preferably the heap(ed) capacity of at least one growth medium.In case the humidity of growth medium has dropped at least one predetermined lower horizontal, just carry out rewatering.Therefore, can use one or more comprising water the watering the cycle of the step of watering of at least one upper level of growth medium, then be at least one drying steps, the growth medium drying is reduced at least one predetermined lower horizontal during this drying steps.Drought condition can comprise one or more drought periods.Preferably, drought condition comprises at least two drought periods, and the height that wherein waters in each cycle is at least one predetermined upper level and drop to subsequently at least one predetermined lower horizontal.
Drought condition generally can comprise any sub-standard water condition that waters.Preferably, select drought condition so that arid is enough strong in to slow down or even to stop the growth of plant.Yet this impact should completely reversibility and should do not caused permanent injury or damage to plant.Therefore, arid level preferably should be chosen as strongly, but is not too strong.When it was too strong, arid can cause permanent injury and even higher variation.Drought condition preferably can comprise with standard conditions and compares watering of the time average of growth medium to 20% to 80%.Preferably, drought condition comprises with standard conditions and compares watering of the time average of growth medium to 40% to 70%.As used in this, term " time average " referred within a period of time, such as measured value within these few days.Therefore, drought period and the cycle of rewatering can be made of to form a common value the time average in these cycles.Therefore, time average can be the desired value that reaches when overall process finishes.Surprisingly, the herbarium population that the method according to one or more above-described embodiments that discovery is cultivated under drought condition produces, and the groupy phase of cultivating under standard conditions is than usually showing variability between lower plant strain.This summarizes among disclosed embodiment below in more detail.Equally, for cultivating herbarium, as above disclosed non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor and/or system are highly beneficial, because the use of such sensor and/or system has significantly promoted high flux screening.
Therefore, in another aspect of this invention, proposed to pass through the as above herbarium population of the method generation of disclosed one or more embodiment of basis.
As above discuss, such population preferably can be used for testing one or more effector molecules conditions.Therefore, in another aspect of this invention, the method that is used for the phenotypic effect of definite at least one effector molecules condition is disclosed.The method comprises, makes the population of herbarium stand at least one effector molecules condition, and the population of described herbarium is produced by the method according to above-mentioned disclosed one or more embodiment.In addition, the method comprises at least one growth parameter(s) of determining herbarium.
As used in this, term " effector molecules condition " refers to any inside and/or external action, and it may have the impact on one or more phenotypic characteristics of herbarium.Therefore, as an example, this at least one effector molecules condition can comprise at least one gene effect thing condition, such as the expression of one or more specific genes of herbarium.Therefore, preferably compare with agriotype herbarium and/or standard type herbarium, can comprise crossing expression (overexpression) or reducing (down-regulation) of one or more genes.Alternately or extraly, this at least one effector molecules condition may comprise one or more external conditions, such as biology or abiotic stress, be preferably the water stress exception.Therefore, biology is coerced and may be made herbarium stand one or more biotic influences, such as the impact by microorganism and/or insect and/or other plant.May be additionally or the abiotic stress that alternately applies may comprise because any type that outside growth conditions causes is coerced, such as the light that herbarium is stood have specific wavelength and/or certain strength, make herbarium stand specific temperature, make herbarium stand any combination of specific general physical growth condition and/or specified condition.
The method that is used for the phenotypic effect of definite at least one effector molecules condition can further comprise, make at least two herbariums of population stand different effector molecules conditions, namely about at least one effector molecules condition, two effector conditions differ from one another, wherein the growth parameter(s) of more at least two herbariums.
But method and the purposes of preferred executive basis each side of the present invention maybe can be by using at least one system according to the present invention to carry out, namely be used for as above at least one system of the growth conditions of disclosed a plurality of container for plants of monitoring by using, and/or by using at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor.Therefore, about the optional aspect of the method according to this invention, can with reference to as above open and/or in following disclosed potential embodiment explanation the optional embodiment of disclosed system in more detail.
The dramatic benefit of known device and method is provided according to system of the present invention, method and purposes.Therefore, system and a method according to the invention is by basically getting rid of other unexpected impact, such as the impact of environment implants container location, and therefore by getting rid of the impact of plant microenvironment, allow in suitable controlled mode the plant reaction of certain environmental conditions accurately to be tested.For example help very much test to be used for overexpression or lowly express (underexpressed) or even the genetically modified plants of the specific gene effect of damaging according to system of the present invention, method and purposes.On the other hand, this system and method can be used for assessing stress resistance, such as drought stress and/or salt is coerced and/or other type is coerced resistance.
In addition, additionally or alternately, can assess any other characteristic of water application efficiency or plant.Stress resistance is measured and can based on moisture measurement, such as using well known fact, namely be utilized plant or the herbarium that therefore less water also evaporate less water usually to be in than under the plant or the worse physical condition of herbarium of using more water.
Above-mentioned disclosed one or more methods can be based on such fact, and namely when having salt in water, plant is difficult to absorb water, and therefore the physical condition of plant worsens usually.Therefore, by the physical condition of monitoring plant and/or by monitoring humidity and/or water consumption, but the particular community of monitoring plant or herbarium, such as stress resistance.In addition, can use above-mentioned disclosed one or more methods and/or system in order to study the capacity of specified plant or herbarium, thereby keep absorbing water under the high moisture content of air around.Therefore, according to system of the present invention and/or according to the method according to one or more methods of different aspect of the present invention, can be suitable for the moisture monitoring of surrounding air is one or more additional parameter, be preferably the function of time.
Sum up above-mentioned concept of the present invention, proposed following items:
Project 1:
A kind of system be used to monitoring a plurality of container for plants growth conditionss, described system has be used to the transfer system that transmits described container for plants, each container for plants comprises at least one growth medium and preferably includes at least one herbarium, described system further comprises at least one measuring position, described measuring position has at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor, described system is suitable for described container for plants being sent to described measuring position continuously and transmitting from described measuring position, and described system is further adapted for by using described non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor to measure the humidity of the growth medium of described container for plants in described measuring position.
Project 2:
According to the described system of aforementioned project, wherein said transfer system is to be suitable for all containers are repeated to be sent to closed-loop system in the described measuring position.
Project 3:
According to the described system of aforementioned project, described system is suitable in predetermined time point and/or predetermined time interval each container for plants being sent in the described measuring position.
Project 4:
According to a described system in the aforementioned project, wherein said non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor is carried out moisture measurement than downside by the bottom of described container for plants from described container for plants.
Project 5:
According to a described system in the aforementioned project, wherein said non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor is suitable for measuring the humidity of described container for plants full content.
Project 6:
According to a described system in the aforementioned project, described transfer system has conveyer belt, wherein said non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor be installed in described conveyer belt below.
Project 7:
According to a described system in the aforementioned project, described system further has at least one and waters water station, and the described growth medium that described system is suitable in each container for plants adds liquid, preferred automatic liquid feeding body.
Project 8:
According to the described system of aforementioned project, the growth medium that wherein said system is suitable in each container for plants adds liquid to predetermined humidity level, preferably adds liquid to the predetermined moisture level that can be suitable for separately each container for plants.
Project 9:
According to a described system in the aforementioned project, described system is suitable for automatically identifying by assessment humidity the fault of described system, is preferably described fault of watering water station.
Project 10:
According to a described system in the aforementioned project, described container for plants respectively has at least one identifier, this identifier is preferably at least one bar code and/or at least one contactless electronic identifier, this contactless electronic identifier is preferably at least one RFID label, and described system is suitable for identifying the described container for plants that is arranged at present described measuring position.
Project 11:
According to a described system in the aforementioned project, described system further has at least one monitoring system, described monitoring system is suitable for monitoring the humidity of the described growth medium in described container for plants, preferably as the function of herbarium and/or as the function of time.
Project 12:
According to the described system of aforementioned project, described monitoring system has the database of at least one humidity that is used for each container for plants growth medium of record as the function of herbarium and/or the function of time.
Project 13:
According to a described system in the aforementioned project, described system further has at least one imaging system be used to the image of catching described herbarium.
Project 14:
According to a described system in the aforementioned project, described system further has at least one measurement device be used at least one growth parameter(s) of measuring described herbarium.
Project 15:
According to a described system in the aforementioned project, described system is further adapted for the growth parameter(s) of each container for plants in database of record.
Project 16:
According to a described system in two aforementioned projects, described at least one growth parameter(s) is selected from: the height of described herbarium; The width of described herbarium; The color parameter of described herbarium; Blade quantity; At least one structure of described herbarium; The existence of flower in the described herbarium; Characterize the parameter of the biomass volume of described herbarium; Characterize the parameter of the biochemical content of the described herbarium of described container for plants inside and/or described growth medium; Characterize the parameter of the root growth of described herbarium.
Project 17:
A kind of method of the growth conditions be used to monitoring a plurality of container for plants, wherein each container for plants comprises at least one growth medium and preferably includes at least one herbarium, wherein described container for plants is sent to continuously at least one measuring position and transmits from least one measuring position, wherein by measure the humidity of the described growth medium of the described container in the described measuring position with at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor.
Project 18:
According to the described method of aforementioned project, wherein use according to a described system that relates to for the aforementioned project of the system that controls growth conditions.
Project 19:
According to a described method in the aforementioned project, the wherein water consumption of monitoring and preferred each herbarium of record.
Project 20:
A kind of tracking of the growth conditions be used to following the tracks of a plurality of herbariums, wherein said a plurality of herbarium is grown in the growth medium of a plurality of container for plants inside, wherein use the humidity that is used for each container for plants of control according to a described method in the preceding method project, wherein the humidity in each container for plants is stored in the database, preferably as the function of time and/or as the function of herbarium.
Project 21:
According to the described tracking of aforementioned project, wherein further at least one growth parameter(s) of each herbarium is recorded in the described database, preferably as the function of time and/or as the function of herbarium.
Project 22:
According to a described tracking in the preceding method project that relates to tracking, wherein carry out arid test and/or water application efficiency test, various herbariums stand lack of water or reduce the water yield within a period of time in this test, wherein record described herbarium to the reaction of lack of water or the minimizing water yield.
Project 23:
According to the described tracking of aforementioned project, wherein monitor drought resistance and/or the water application efficiency of described herbarium.
Project 24:
A kind of method for cultivating plant, the method is included in the controlled weather conditions environment with controlled fluid supply, be grown in a plurality of plants of at least one species in a plurality of container for plants of bearing the uniform properties growth medium, and change the position of the described container for plants in required environment to guarantee at least basically exposing uniformly for all plants of environmental condition in described container for plants, and described process further comprises step: select for the plant of further cultivating or be used for commercial use by the phenotypic characteristic of more described plant, wherein by transfer system described container for plants is sent to the measuring position continuously and transmits from the measuring position, wherein by measure the humidity of the described growth medium of the described container for plants in described measuring position with at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor.
Project 25:
A kind of method of the improvement growth for the phenotype plant, the method are used for the genotype that expectation is selected in based on phenotype scoring, and described method comprises:
Automated movement plant during their growth cycle is in order to avoid the long-time exposure of specific microenvironment;
By using at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor, measure the humidity of the growth medium of described plant; And
Control described humidity.
Project 26:
A kind of rapid analysis method of the stress resistance for growing plant, described method comprises:
The described plant of growth under stress conditions;
By using at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor, measure the humidity of the growth medium of described plant; And
Based on described humidity, analyze the described stress resistance of described plant.
Project 27:
A kind of non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor is in the purposes of the process that is used for the cultivation plant.
Project 28:
The purposes of a kind of non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor in the arid screening.
Project 29:
A kind of non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor is used for measuring the purposes in the water content of container for plants.
Project 30:
The method of a kind of population be used to herbarium is provided, the population of described herbarium preferably has variability between low plant strain, the method is preferably used according to the described system of reference for the aforementioned project of the system that monitors a plurality of container for plants growth conditionss, and described method comprises:
Determine to cause the predetermined result's of cultivation standard to water water condition, this predetermined result of cultivation is preferably the best result of cultivation;
Determine to comprise and be lower than the drought condition that waters water condition that standard is watered water condition;
By using described drought condition, in comprising at least one container for plants of at least one growth medium, cultivate the population of described herbarium.
Project 31:
According to the described method of aforementioned project, wherein between the establishment period of the population of herbarium, use non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor to be used for monitoring described drought condition.
Project 32:
According to a described method in two aforementioned projects, wherein before described herbarium is bloomed, carry out the cultivation of described herbarium by using described drought condition, wherein then the described standard of preferred use is watered water condition.
Project 33:
According to a described method in three aforementioned projects, wherein at least one growth parameter(s) of described herbarium is chosen as and waters water condition to the measurement of the impact of cultivating the result, wherein the selection criteria condition is so that be assumed to be maximum with the growth parameter(s) mean value of population.
Project 34:
According to a described method in four aforementioned projects, wherein said drought condition comprises watering of described growth medium, so that it is high at least one predetermined upper level that described growth medium is watered, wherein in a single day the humidity of described growth medium has dropped at least one predetermined lower horizontal and just carries out and rewater.
Project 35:
According to the method described in the aforementioned project, wherein said drought condition comprises at least two drought periods, and the height that wherein waters in each cycle is at least one predetermined upper level and drop to subsequently at least one predetermined lower horizontal.
Project 36:
According to a described method in six aforementioned projects, wherein said drought condition comprises with described standard conditions to be compared, with water 20% to 80% time average of described growth medium, preferably compare with described standard conditions, with water 40% to 70% time average of described growth medium.
Project 37:
A kind of population of herbarium, this population is by producing according to one in seven aforementioned projects described method.
Project 38:
A kind of method of the phenotypic effect for determining at least one effector molecules condition, described method comprise, makes according to the population of the herbarium of aforementioned project to stand described at least one effector molecules condition and determine at least one growth parameter(s) of described herbarium.
Project 39:
According to the method for aforementioned project, wherein at least two herbariums with described colony stand different effector molecules conditions, the wherein growth parameter(s) of more at least two herbariums.
Description of drawings
Hereinafter, in view of the preferred embodiment view, the preferred combination dependent claims discloses further potential details of the present invention and feature.Disclosed feature can realize in isolated mode or in the mode of any combination in a preferred embodiment.The invention is not restricted to preferred embodiment.Embodiment illustrates in the accompanying drawings schematically.In the accompanying drawing representative of identical reference marker identical, similar or on function identical element.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 illustrates the top view be used to the system that monitors a plurality of container for plants growth conditionss;
Fig. 2 illustrates the end view according to the measuring position of the system of Fig. 1; And
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 illustrate under normal operation with drought condition under the comparison of the plant population of cultivating.
Embodiment
Top view for the system 110 that monitors a plurality of container for plants 112 growth conditionss has been shown among Fig. 1.Each container for plants 112 comprises growth medium 114 and at least one herbarium 116.
Measuring position 130 can follow one or more other measurement devices 136 closely, such as one or more optical imaging systems 138, and one or more camera chains 140 for example.In Fig. 1, measurement device 136 schematically is placed on the downstream of probe 134.Yet, alternately or extraly, other embodiment also is feasible.For example, probe 134 can be placed on the exit of imaging system 134.
Go out as shown in fig. 1, the parts of system 110 are such as probe 132, water water station 142, measurement device 136 or reader 148 and can be connected to centralized or distributed system controller 126, such as being connected to data processing equipment 128.System controller 126 can comprise one or more assessment apparatus 150, and it can be that hardware and/or software are realized.System controller 126 can be further adapted for and comprise one or more data inputs and/or data output apparatus, such as the user interface of one or more display devices and/or keyboard 154 and/or any other type.Data processor equipment 128 can further be connected to one or more other equipment, such as computer network and/or internet.
System controller 126 and/or measurement device 136 can further comprise for determining, preferably measure the additional components of at least one growth parameter(s) of herbarium 116.Therefore, imaging system 138 can comprise maybe can be connected at least one image evaluation device 158, such as the parts that are used for carrying out the color of image analysis of being caught by imaging system 138 and/or any other image evaluation device 158, so that definite one or more growth parameter(s)s from image.Additionally or alternately, the growth parameter(s) of one or more other types can be measured by system 110.Preferably, at least one growth parameter(s) can be stored in any other database of database 156 and/or system 110.Database 156 can be stored in one or more being included in the system 110, in the memory device 160 in the system controller 126.
As disclosed above, system 110 according to the present invention can be suitable for the method for the one or more different aspects of executive basis the present invention, preferably uses at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor 132, and this sensor is preferably at least one probe 134.Therefore, system 110 can be suitable for controlling growth conditions, such as by monitoring simply the growth conditions of each container for plants 112, or even by regulating the growth conditions of each container for plants 112.
Therefore, system 110 is preferably assessment apparatus 150, can be suitable for monitoring the water consumption of each herbarium 116.As mentioned above, water consumption can be used as the physical condition index of each herbarium 116.
In addition, additionally or alternately, system 110 can be used for following the tracks of the growth conditions of the herbarium 116 in the system of being included in 110.Therefore, system 110 can be used for controlling the humidity in each container for plants 112 and is used for the humidity of the database of storage such as database 156.
In addition, system and optimization selection evaluation equipment 150 can be suitable for or can be used for carrying out for the method for cultivating plant.In the method, system 110 can be used for guaranteeing to be supplied to the liquid controlled of container for plants 112.In addition, system 110 can be suitable for the position of change system 110 environment implants containers, so that all plants evenly expose basically for the condition in the environment.As mentioned above, this can carry out as the closed loop transfer system by design transfer system 118, such as transmitting step by step or continuously container for plants 112 in each possible position.
In addition, improving the method for growing can comprise equally by using non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor 132 to measure humidity and the preferred controlled humidity of growth mediums 114.About the potential embodiment that measures and control, can be with reference to above-described embodiment.
Can be further adapted for the rapid analysis of the stress resistance of growing plant according to the system 110 of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.Therefore, as mentioned above, by use system 110, such as watering water station 142 by suitable control and/or by the kind of liquid that waters water station 142 supplies, can automatic, semi-automatic or manually will being applied to herbarium 116 such as the coercing of the combination of coercing or coercing of drought stress or salt stress or any other kind.
About the measuring principle that can be used by probe 134, can be with reference to the explanation that provides above.Particularly, but the publication of reference capacitance formula moisture measurement.
Each material has dielectric constant or relative dielectric constant, and it can be measured by probe 134.Water has approximately 80 relative dielectric constant usually, and other material of great majority has approximately 1 to 10 relative dielectric constant.Therefore, as an example, husky relative dielectric constant is usually located in the scope between 3 and 4.Therefore, difference be can measure in a large number and the relative dielectric constant of water and other types of material are present in such as between the relative dielectric constant as the typical material of growth medium 114.Relative dielectric constant can be measured with absolute value and/or complex values.
Relative dielectric constant can be measured and be related with moisture value, thereby the humidity of considering growth medium 114 is determined.Humidity then can be such as being exported by probe 134 by the simulation and/or the data signal that offer system controller 126.Therefore, one or more measuring-signals of moisture measurement can be provided, standard signal such as 0 to 10VDC and/or 0 to 20mA, directly humidity value can draw and/or it can be directly as the humidity value such as the moisture the mass percent from described measuring-signal.Usually, the water or the moisture that are included in growth medium 114 materials are more, and its relative dielectric constant value is more near 80.
In this or other embodiment of the present invention, moisture measurement preferably can be implemented as on-line measurement, be preferably real-time measurement.Therefore, growth medium 114 can make probe 134 through in the measuring position 130.Alternately or extraly, in this or other embodiment of the present invention, can use the relative motion of another kind of type between probe 134 and container for plants 112, such as traveling probe 134.In measuring in real time, the measuring-signal of moisture measurement can be at once available, even also be available when measuring the product of rapid flow.The measurement of solid also is possible.
Preferably, generate simulation output measuring-signal.Therefore, can directly process the humidity of 0/2...10VCD or 0/4...20mA or the simulation output measuring-signal of moisture measurement probe 134, preferably in processing sequence, process, and can be connected to control, PC or PLC system, such as the appropriate system in any miscellaneous equipment that is included in system controller 126 or system 110.
Depend on material type and attribute thereof, measuring probe 134 can reach different fathoming.Preferably, probe 134 is suitable for being created on the electric field in domed shape zone, probe 134 top.Usually, fathom to reach and enter about growth medium 114 material 100mm to 150mm.But the product moisture of analyzing total, i.e. core moisture and the surface moisture of material (being container for plants 112 and growth medium 114).Because this high penetration depth can be inappreciable measuring lip-deep soil and less sediment.
In addition, it is dynamic that system 110 can be suitable for calculating respectively the water content of each single herbarium 116 and/or container for plants 112.This can see clearly for the physiological mechanism that acts on independent herbarium 116 is provided better.The screening resolution that is used for the herbarium 116 of higher water efficient can be therefore to higher level.
The example of method and purposes
The exemplary embodiment of the method according to this invention and purposes is disclosed hereinafter.Particularly, the below provides the example that is used for the surprising discovery according to the present invention, namely by using drought condition, is preferably slight drought condition, preferred stage in early days, preferably can provide the population of the herbarium 116 with variability between low plant strain in the last stage of blooming.As the example of herbarium 116, used rice seedling.
1. introduce
The experiment of impact is processed in execution for assessment of arid, be specifically used for assessing early stage arid to the plant growth effect of parameters.Early stage arid is processed two Continuous Drought cycles that are included in sowing and tiller in early days and apply between the stage.The main purpose of this processing is to screen the in early days plant of stage tolerance arid, rather than the screening of the arid of for example regeneration.Therefore the purpose of these experiments is to find the plant of tolerance so that these plants illustrate not too important during a drought growth minimizing or better recovery capability, namely recovers growth after arid.
The experimental program that the following describes is designed to, and compares the minimizing approximately 50% that makes the plant scale of measuring immediately after the arid with the plant of good pouring.
2. experimental program
Sow, germinate and select plant be used for to transplant in common mode well known by persons skilled in the art.The basin of Application standard and soil are as container for plants and growth medium respectively.
Plant transplanting after ten days from the sowing pallet to the germination of basin.Before the transplanting, subsurface irrigation is saturated to heap(ed) capacity to the soil in the flowerpot so that the difference between the minimizing basin by continuing.
After transplanting not to plant watering.On the contrary, water content is monitored by the daily moisture measurement that uses electric capacity soil moisture probe (Theta probe (Theta-Probe), Delta-T, UK).Alternately or extraly, may use non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor 132.
Be to measure the medial humidity of growth medium in the container for plants, moisture measurement is approximately being made in 10% the plant population at random, and calculating mean value.
Apply the first drought period, it comprises dry soil.Execution rewaters so that reach the water weight of 12%(per unit matrix weight when average soil moisture) time, plant is rewatered until average moisture reaches heap(ed) capacity (being generally 60%).
Then to the plant imaging to record the blade area after the arid, as the potential example of growth parameter(s).
Apply in an identical manner the second drought period, and plant re-imaging after soil is again saturated.
From this point, plant is cultivated according to the common cultivation and the assessment experimental program that are generally known to the technical staff.Yet, can use any other cultivation experimental program.
3. result
In the preliminary experiment that relates to a small amount of plant, determined the early stage drought effect of basic plant growth parameter.The result of this experiment lists in table 1.
| Parameter | Early stage arid | Normal condition | Loss |
| Blade area after the arid | 8336 | 17513 | -52% |
| Blade area after recovering in 1 week | 21150 | 30550 | -31% |
| Blade area after recovering in 2 weeks | 28959 | 36326 | -20% |
| Final blade area (maximum area) | 31981 | 36805 | -13% |
| Fertilizability (full rate) | 47 | 28 | 67% |
| Every tassel blossom number | 40 | 48 | -18% |
| Harvest index | 80 | 55 | 45% |
| Full seed amount | 121 | 96 | 27% |
| Total seed amount | 258 | 340 | -24% |
| Flowering time (my god) | 57 | 52 | 9% |
| Seed weight (TKW) | 21.5 | 21.2 | 1% |
| Seed production (seed gross weight) | 2.6 | 2.0 | 28% |
Table 1: (normal, standard) condition is compared the early stage drought effect of basic plant growth parameter with well watering
As a comparison, determine as follows such as " normally " or the standard conditions used at table 1:
Plant grows in independent basin and provide enough nutritive solution in order to reach maximum hold facility to each basin every day.
The growth parameter(s) of listing in table 1 has following implication, and determines as follows:
Blade area after the arid:
After arid processing finishes, the projection blade area of being measured immediately by horizontal digital imagery.Unit: mm
2
Blade area after recovering in 1 week:
Same as described above, normally water water condition 1 measurement after week returning.Unit: mm
2
Blade area after recovering in 2 weeks:
Same as described above, normally water water condition 2 measurement after week returning.Unit: mm
2
Final blade area (maximum area (AreaMax)):
The measurement of the weekly digital imagery of maximal projection blade area, it is inferred by the logarithmic curve-fitting of measuring weekly that spreads all over the plant growth cycle.Unit: mm
2
Fertilizability (fertility) (full rate (fillrate)):
The ratio of seed (seed that can the educate) quantity that every strain plant is full and Xiao Hua sum (full+not full).Measure by automatic seed counter during results.Unit: percentage.
Every tassel blossom number:
Xiao Hua sum (full+not full) is divided by spike number.Measure by artificial meter fringe and automatic seed counter during results.
Harvest index:
The ratio (seeing above) of total seed weight and " final blade area ".Unit: gram/mm
2
Full seed amount:
The fertile seed quantity of every strain plant production, rather than " empty " sterile seed.Measure by automatic seed counter during results.
Total seed amount:
Total seed amount (full+not full).Measure by automatic seed counter during results.
Flowering time (my god):
The fate between appearing in sowing and the first fringe.Measure by the fringe that detection is present in weekly on the image.Unit: day.
Seed weight (TKW):
The average weight of every seed.Measure and weigh by automatic seed counter.Unit: gram .1000 seed
-1
Seed production (seed gross weight):
The gross weight of full (can educate) seed (gram. plant
-1)
In table 1 " loss " be calculated as: (early stage arid-normal condition)/normal condition.
The main effects of finding early stage arid is slowing down such as the plant growth that is illustrated by " blade area after the arid " in table 1.When turning back to normal condition (recovery), the plant of being coerced catch up with, so that the slight effect that final blade area only is subject to processing.
The growth parameter(s) of finding other is reduced, such as the seed total quantity of every fringe and the total quantity of flower.
On the other hand, find that many other growth parameter(s)s have improvement, all if degree of educating (full with floater ratio), seed production and the harvest index of final every strain plant.Find that flowering time has been postponed 9%(5 days).
In further testing, in the plant of standing early stage arid, determine variability between plant strain, and variability between plant strain is compared with growing plants historical data under the normal condition.
As the measure that is used for variability between plant strain, the coefficient of variation and least significant difference are used for the various growth parameter(s)s of herbarium.Two kinds of conditions are calculated the coefficient of variation (CV, standard deviation is divided by average) and least significant difference (LSD keeps significant lowest difference in statistics), i.e. plant to cultivating under drought condition and the standard conditions.The result of these measurements lists in table 2 and Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
Table 2: the variability of the plant population of cultivating under the drought condition in early days and the plant population of cultivating under standard conditions relatively
In table 2, adopt the parameter-definition identical such as table 1.
In Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, open tubular column is illustrated in the plant measurement value of cultivating under the early stage drought condition, and packed column is illustrated in normally the respective measurement values of the plant of cultivating under (being standard) condition.
Therefore, table 2 illustrates the obvious minimizing that mainly makes a variation with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 in the parameter relevant with seed.
Special concern be that LSD this means that with 2 times of minimizings the resolution of test is doubled.Therefore, use the drought stress of similar strength or possibility milder to have by higher resolution (available identical population scale detects less difference) being provided or reducing simultaneously the potentiality that population scale greatly improves the plant appraisal procedure by permission in the precision that keeps par.
3. explain
Early stage drought stress has reduced the true astonishing of the parameter variation (all if educate rate, seed production etc.) measured the several weeks of after.In the situation that be not intended to by following theory constraint, the possible explanation that this effect is different may be as follows:
A) water that from soil, extracts of plant evaporation.The speed that the water of soil exhausts depends on the transpiration ability of plant, and itself is relevant with blade area.When the availability of water drops to certain threshold value when following, plant stops to absorb water and growth is suppressed from soil.The plant of the larger Fast Growth little slow growing plants of comparing has higher rising ability.Therefore, in this was set, people can expect that larger plant stops growing early, the more serious damage by drought of they experience, and the little plant recovery of comparing is slower.Therefore, the initial difference on size and the performance reduced in the stage of back.
B) relatively gentle drought stress can not cause possible permanent damage to plant, only is the interim prevention of growth.People can suppose, this gentleness is coerced and caused the climatic adaptation (acclimation) that other type is coerced and/or cause compensatory reactionBu Changfanying, have therefore improved the overall performance of plant.This hypothesis is by observing support, and namely when turning back to normal condition, the plant of being coerced shows faster growth, allows them to catch up with the good water management of watering.This climatic adaptation and/or compensatory reactionBu Changfanying are observed in other botanical system and are in the news in the literature.
C) dry soil condition can cause unite better oxygenation and/or increase root production and react as climatic adaptation of root system during a drought.In these two kinds of situations, consequently improve more healthy, the more efficient root system system of plant performance.
In a word, find to process in the relatively gentle arid that growth cycle applies in early days and reduced when ripe variability between plant strain and therefore allow to adopt higher precision or adopt the population that reduces to detect the variation of yield components.
Arid processing itself may above-mentionedly disclose different modes and applies to compare.Substitute as above disclosed two Continuous Drought cycles, it may use the drought period of varying number, such as a drought period is only arranged.In addition, substitute life cycle, can apply the drought condition of other types.In addition, the Soil Moisture Threshold that rewaters may be higher than (not too serious) 12%.In addition, even above-mentioned disclosed experiment is carried out with paddy rice, people can expect reasonably that this drought effect can observe in other species, such as the plant of other cereal or other type.
Reference marker
110 are used for the system of monitoring growth conditions
112 container for plants
114 growth mediums
116 herbariums, plant
118 transfer systems
120 direction of transfers
122 conveyer belts
124 transfer controls
126 system controllers
128 data processing equipments
130 measuring positions
132 non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensors
134 probes
136 measurement devices
138 imaging systems
140 camera chains
142 water water station
143 monitoring systems
144 supply systems
146 identifiers
148 readers
150 assessment apparatus
152 display devices
154 keyboards
156 databases
158 image evaluation devices
160 memory devices
Claims (29)
1. a system (110), be used for monitoring the growth conditions of a plurality of container for plants (112), described system (110) has be used to the transfer system that transmits described container for plants (112) (118), each container for plants (112) comprises at least one growth medium (114) and preferably includes at least one herbarium (116), described system (110) further comprises at least one measuring position (130), described measuring position (130) has at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor (132), described system (110) is suitable for described container for plants (112) being sent to described measuring position (130) continuously and transmitting from described measuring position (130), and described system (110) is further adapted for by using described non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor (132) to measure the humidity of the growth medium (114) of described container for plants (112) in described measuring position (130).
2. according to the described system of aforementioned claim (110), wherein said non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor (132) is carried out moisture measurement than downside by the bottom of described container for plants (112) from described container for plants (112).
3. according to the described system (110) in the aforementioned claim, described transfer system (118) has conveyer belt (122), wherein said non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor (132) be installed in described conveyer belt (122) below.
4. according to the described system (110) in the aforementioned claim, described system (110) further has at least one and waters water station (142), the described growth medium (114) that described system (110) is suitable in each container for plants (112) adds liquid, preferred automatic liquid feeding body.
5. according to the described system (110) in the aforementioned claim, described container for plants (112) respectively has at least one identifier (146), this identifier (146) is preferably at least one bar code and/or at least one contactless electronic identifier (146), this contactless electronic identifier (146) is preferably at least one RFID label, and described system (110) is suitable for the described container for plants (112) that identification is arranged in described measuring position (130) at present.
6. according to the described system (110) in the aforementioned claim, described system (110) further has at least one monitoring system (143), described monitoring system (143) is suitable for the humidity of the described growth medium (114) of monitoring in described container for plants (112), preferably as the function of herbarium (116) and/or the function of time.
7. according to the described system (110) in the aforementioned claim, described system (110) further has at least one imaging system (138) be used to the image of catching described herbarium (116).
8. according to the described system (110) in the aforementioned claim, described system (110) further has at least one measurement device (136) be used at least one growth parameter(s) of measuring described herbarium (116).
9. according to the described system of aforementioned claim (110), described at least one growth parameter(s) is selected from: the height of described herbarium (116); The width of described herbarium (116); The color parameter of described herbarium (116); Blade quantity; At least one structure of described herbarium (116); The existence of flower in the described herbarium (116); Characterize the parameter of the biomass volume of described herbarium (116); Characterize the parameter of the biochemical content of the inner described herbarium (116) of described container for plants (112) and/or described growth medium (114); Characterize the parameter of the root growth of described herbarium (116).
10. method, be used for monitoring the growth conditions of a plurality of container for plants (112), wherein each container for plants (112) comprises at least one growth medium (114) and preferably includes at least one herbarium (116), wherein described container for plants (112) is sent to continuously at least one measuring position (130) and from described at least one measuring position (130) transmission, wherein measures the humidity of the described growth medium (114) of the described container (112) in described measuring position (130) by at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor (132) of use.
11. according to the described method of aforementioned claim, wherein use according to a described system (110) that relates to for the aforementioned claim of the system (110) that controls growth conditions.
12. according to a described method in the preceding method claim, the wherein water consumption of monitoring and preferred each herbarium of record (116).
13. tracking, be used for following the tracks of the growth conditions of a plurality of herbariums (116), wherein said a plurality of herbarium (116) growth in the inner growth medium (114) of a plurality of container for plants (112), wherein use the humidity that is used for each container for plants of control (112) according to a described method in the preceding method claim, wherein the humidity in each container for plants (112) is stored in the database (156), preferably as the function of time and/or as the function of herbarium (116).
14. according to the described tracking of aforementioned claim, wherein further at least one growth parameter(s) of each herbarium (116) is recorded in the described database (156), preferably as the function of time and/or as the function of herbarium (116).
15. according to a described tracking in the preceding method claim that relates to tracking, wherein carry out arid test and/or water application efficiency test, various herbariums (116) stand lack of water or reduce the water yield within a period of time in this test, wherein record described herbarium (116) to the reaction of lack of water or the minimizing water yield.
16. method, be used for cultivating plant (116), the method is included in the controlled weather conditions environment with controlled fluid supply, be grown in a plurality of plants of at least one species in a plurality of container for plants (112) of bearing uniform properties growth medium (114), and change the position of the described container for plants (112) in the required environment to guarantee at least basically exposing uniformly for environmental condition all plants (116) in described container for plants (112), and described process further comprises step: select for the plant (116) of further cultivating or be used for commercial use by the phenotypic characteristic of more described plant (116), wherein described container for plants (112) is sent to measuring position (130) continuously and from described measuring position (130) transmission, wherein measures the humidity of the described growth medium (114) of the described container for plants (112) in described measuring position (130) by at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor (132) of use by transfer system (118).
17. a method, for the improvement growth of phenotype plant (116), the method is for the genotype of expecting most based on phenotype scoring selection, and described method comprises:
The described plant of automated movement (116) during their growth cycle is in order to avoid the long-time exposure of specific microenvironment;
By using at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor (132), measure the humidity of the growth medium (114) of described plant (116); And
Control described humidity.
18. a method is used for the rapid analysis of the stress resistance of growing plant (116), described method comprises:
Growth described plant (116) under stress conditions;
By using at least one non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor (132), measure the humidity of the growth medium (114) of described plant (116); And
Based on described humidity, analyze the described stress resistance of described plant (116).
19. a non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor (132) is in the purposes of the process that is used for cultivation plant (116).
20. the purposes of a non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor (132) in the arid screening.
21. a non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor (132) is used for measuring the purposes in the water content of container for plants (112).
22. method, be used for providing the population of herbarium (116), preferably by using according to a described system (110) that relates to for the aforementioned claim of the system (110) of the growth conditions of monitoring a plurality of container for plants (112), described method comprises:
Determine to cause the predetermined result's of cultivation standard to water water condition, this predetermined result of cultivation is preferably the best result of cultivation;
Determine to comprise and be lower than the drought condition that waters water condition that described standard is watered water condition;
By using described drought condition, in comprising at least one container for plants of at least one growth medium, cultivate the population of herbarium (116).
23. according to the described method of aforementioned claim, wherein between the establishment period of the population of herbarium (116), use non-contact capacitive formula humidity sensor (132) to be used for monitoring described drought condition.
24. according to a described method in two aforementioned claims, wherein before described herbarium is bloomed, carry out the cultivation of herbarium (116) by using described drought condition, wherein then the described standard of preferred use is watered water condition.
25. according to a described method in three aforementioned claims, wherein said drought condition comprises watering of described growth medium, so that it is high at least one predetermined upper level that described growth medium is watered, wherein in a single day the humidity of described growth medium has dropped at least one predetermined lower horizontal and just carries out and rewater, wherein said drought condition comprises at least two drought periods, and the height that wherein waters in each cycle is to described at least one predetermined upper level and drop to subsequently described at least one predetermined lower horizontal.
26. according to a described method in four aforementioned claims, wherein said drought condition comprises with described standard conditions to be compared, with water 20% to 80% time average of described growth medium, preferably compare with described standard conditions, with water 40% to 70% time average of described growth medium.
27. the population of a herbarium (116), this population is by producing according to one in five aforementioned claims described method.
28. method, be used for determining the phenotypic effect of at least one effector molecules condition, described method comprises that the population of the herbarium (116) that makes according to aforementioned claim stands described at least one effector molecules condition, and determines at least one growth parameter(s) of described herbarium (116).
29. according to the described method of aforementioned claim, wherein at least two herbariums (116) with described population stand different effector molecules conditions, wherein the growth parameter(s) of more described at least two herbariums (116).
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
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| US201161435381P | 2011-01-24 | 2011-01-24 | |
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| EP11151863.5 | 2011-01-24 | ||
| EP11151863 | 2011-01-24 | ||
| PCT/IB2012/050222 WO2012101546A1 (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2012-01-17 | System for monitoring growth conditions of plants |
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| CN103327807A true CN103327807A (en) | 2013-09-25 |
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| US (1) | US20140173769A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2667698A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2014502851A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103327807A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR085784A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2012210278B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112013018854A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2823485A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX342102B (en) |
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| WO (1) | WO2012101546A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2013139215A (en) | 2015-03-10 |
| AU2012210278A1 (en) | 2013-07-11 |
| WO2012101546A1 (en) | 2012-08-02 |
| AU2012210278B2 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
| BR112013018854A2 (en) | 2016-08-09 |
| AR085784A1 (en) | 2013-10-30 |
| CA2823485A1 (en) | 2012-08-02 |
| EP2667698A4 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
| JP2014502851A (en) | 2014-02-06 |
| EP2667698A1 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
| MX342102B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
| MX2013007479A (en) | 2013-08-15 |
| US20140173769A1 (en) | 2014-06-19 |
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