CN103321825B - Tidal current energy capturing water turbine with changeable blade gestures - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tidal current energy harvesting water turbine with variable blade posture, which comprises a water turbine set, and a guide cover matched with the water turbine set is arranged under the water turbine set. The water turbine unit consists of 4 or more even-numbered blades evenly fixed on the impeller hub to form an impeller by means of hinges; the blades adopt an arc-shaped structure, and the two opposite blades are connected together by a blade interlocking mechanism to form a blade group; the blade interlocking mechanism includes Pin seat, connecting rod and pin shaft, the pin seat is fixed on the concave side of the blade, the connecting rod passes through the hub of the impeller, and the two ends are hinged with the pin seat through the pin shaft; the blade group automatically moves the blade on the impeller hub through the action of water flow Changes occur to realize periodic opening and closing, the blades on the downstream side are opened to obtain water flow energy, and the relative blades on the upstream side are closed and attached to the hub of the impeller. The tidal current energy harvesting water turbine of the present invention can be installed on the seabed with a horizontal axis, or can be installed floating with a vertical axis, so that it is convenient to realize large-scale power generation devices, stable operation, and good self-starting performance.

Description

A Tidal Energy Capturing Turbine with Variable Blade Posture

technical field

The invention relates to a tidal current energy harvesting water turbine with variable blade posture, which belongs to the technical field of tidal current energy and water flow energy development and utilization.

Background technique

As an important part of renewable energy, ocean energy has broad prospects for development and utilization. Tidal current energy is one of the main forms of ocean energy. It has the characteristics of large reserves, strong regularity, and predictability, and its development and utilization have attracted much attention. Power generation is the main way to develop and utilize tidal current energy. The core of tidal current power generation is the energy-capturing turbine that captures the kinetic energy of seawater.

At present, the energy-capturing turbines in tidal current energy generation technology include lift type, resistance type, and lift-drag hybrid type from the principle of energy capture, and horizontal-axis propeller type, horizontal-axis straight blade type, and vertical-axis ring blade from the structural consideration. And vertical axis straight leaf type and so on. Regardless of the principle or structural form, the main goal pursued by the Hydro Turbine Research Institute is how to reduce the resistance of the seawater flow to the water turbine, increase the driving force of the seawater flow, and improve the energy-capturing efficiency of the water turbine. Harbin Engineering University's invention patent "Straight Blade Adaptive Variable Pitch Water Turbine for Tidal Energy Conversion" (publication number: CN1439805) uses a spring mechanism to change the angle of attack of the blades, thereby improving the performance of the turbine. Zhejiang University's invention patent "Telescopic Paddle Ocean Current Power Generation Device" (publication number: CN1888420) is a horizontal-axis turbine, which uses a telescopic structure to reduce the resistance of the turbine to incoming flow. Ocean University of China "Adaptive Flexible Blade Rotor" (public number: CN101457738) uses flexible blade rotors to obtain greater torque than rigid blades. Tianjin University's "Self-regulating Ocean Current Power Generation Device" (public number: CN1963183) uses sensing technology to improve the force of the turbine by adjusting the angle and depth of the blades according to the size and direction of the ocean current. In the existing tidal current power generation technology, the input control method is used to reduce the resistance of the turbine impeller by changing the position or angle of the blade.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tidal current energy-capturing water turbine with variable blade posture. Through the change of blade posture, it ensures that the blades on the downstream side are upright and energy-capturing, and provide the rotating power of the rotor. Rotational resistance; and a diversion structure is adopted, so that when the incoming flow flows through the shroud from one side, part of the reverse flow is turned into a downstream flow, reducing the flow velocity of the reverse flow side and increasing the flow velocity of the downstream side. When the incoming flow flows from the other side When one side flows through the shroud, the velocity of the water flow on the downstream side is increased, so as to ensure that the flow velocity of the water flow through the blades on the downstream side can be increased in different tidal flow directions, so that more tidal current energy can be converted into mechanical energy of the turbine .

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

The utility model relates to a tidal current energy harvesting water turbine with variable blade posture, which includes a water turbine set, and a flow deflector matched with the water turbine set is arranged under the water turbine set.

The water turbine unit uniformly fixes more than 4 even-numbered blades on the hub of the impeller to form an impeller through hinged joints; the blades adopt an arc-shaped structure, and two opposite blades are connected together by a blade interlocking mechanism to form a blade group; The blade interlocking mechanism includes a pin seat, a connecting rod and a pin shaft, the pin seat is fixed on the concave side of the blade, the connecting rod passes through the hub of the impeller, and both ends are hinged with the pin seat through the pin shaft; , so that the blades on the downstream side are opened to obtain water flow energy, and the blades on the upstream side are closed and attached to the hub of the impeller, and open and close with the rotation cycle of the impeller.

The blade groups are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the hub of the impeller, at least two groups.

One side of the shroud is an airfoil curved surface, and the other side is an arc-shaped curved surface, so that the flow velocity of the water flowing through the blades on the downstream side increases when there is bidirectional flow.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention uses the tidal current to automatically adjust the posture of the blades through the blade interlocking mechanism, so that the blades in the downstream area can stand upright and gain energy, and the blades in the upstream area can fall over and stick to the hub, so as to ensure the unilateral force of the impeller, obtain greater rotational torque, and obtain more energy. Much water energy.

2. A special diversion structure is adopted, so that when the incoming flow flows through the shroud from one side, part of the reverse flow becomes downstream, reducing the flow velocity in the reverse flow area and increasing the flow velocity in the downstream area. When the incoming flow flows from the other side When the side flow passes through the shroud, the shroud can increase the water flow velocity in the downstream area, so that when the tidal current flows in both directions, the water flow velocity acting on the blades in the downstream area can be increased, so that more tidal currents can be converted into The mechanical energy of the turbine.

3. The arc-shaped blades are used to obtain greater thrust of the water flow, and the turbine still has good self-starting performance under low-speed flow.

4. The water turbine can be arranged on the horizontal axis, installed on the seabed, and adopt bottom side flow diversion; it can also be arranged on the vertical axis and installed floatingly. At this time, the antisymmetric flow diversion structure is adopted, and the flow diversion is on both sides, and the installation method is flexible.

5. The invention can be used for comprehensive development and utilization of river current energy, ocean tidal current energy and land wind energy.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural composition and working principle schematic diagram of water turbine of the present invention;

Fig. 2 (a), Fig. 2 (b) are respectively the capacitation principle diagram of the present invention when the right side and the left side flow;

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the blade interlocking mechanism;

In the figure: 1. Blade, 1a, blade on the downstream side, 1b, opposing blade on the upstream side, 2. Blade interlocking mechanism, 3. Impeller hub, 4. Bearing housing, 5. Spinner cover, 5a, airfoil surface, 5b , arc surface, 6, frame, 7, generator, 8, coupling, 9, speed increaser, 10, engine room, 11, turbine output shaft, 12, pin seat, 13, connecting rod, 14, pin. Detailed ways:

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is a tidal current energy harvesting water turbine with variable blade posture, including a frame, a water turbine unit and a generator set are installed on the upper part of the frame, and a water turbine unit installed on the frame is arranged below the water turbine unit. shroud.

The water turbine unit uniformly fixes more than 4 even-numbered blades 1 on the impeller hub 3 to form the impeller by means of hinged joints; the blades adopt an arc-shaped structure, and the two opposite blades are connected together by the blade interlocking mechanism 2 to form a blade group; as shown in the figure 1 and Figure 3, the blade interlocking mechanism 2 includes a pin shaft seat 12, a connecting rod 13 and a pin shaft 14, the pin shaft seat 12 is fixed on the concave side of the blade, the connecting rod 13 passes through the impeller hub 3, and both ends are connected to the pin shaft seat 12 is hinged by the pin shaft 14, and Fig. 3 shows the structural diagram of the interlocking mechanism of the blades; the blade group is self-acted by the water flow, so that the blade 1a on the downstream side is opened to obtain water flow energy, and the relative blade 1b on the upstream side is closed and attached to the hub of the impeller 3, and open and close with the impeller rotation period.

Both ends of the impeller are fixed on the frame 6 through the bearing seat 4, as shown in Figure 1, the bearing seat 4 adopts water-lubricated sliding bearing seat, and the frame 6 adopts steel welding structure; the shroud 5 is fixed on the frame, and one side It is an airfoil curved surface 5a, and the other side is an arc-shaped curved surface 5b, which increases the flow velocity of the water flowing through the blade 1a on the downstream side when the two-way incoming flow occurs.

The blade groups are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the impeller hub 3, at least two groups.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and working principle of the water turbine of the present invention, assuming that the flow direction of the water flow is vertical to the inside of the paper, and the water turbine as a whole adopts a horizontal-axis cylindrical structure, and its rotation axis is perpendicular to the direction of the water flow. A group of leaves.

Fig. 2(a) and (b) are schematic diagrams of the energy-capturing principle of the present invention when the flow is coming from the right side and the left side respectively.

As shown in Figure 2(a), when the incoming flow from the right side (the arrow in the figure indicates the flow direction of the water flow) flows through the shroud 5, the airfoil surface 5a of the shroud guides the reverse flow (water flow that turns against the impeller) to the downstream side Open the blade 1a, so that the flow velocity of the water flowing through the closed blade 1b on the upstream side decreases, and the flow velocity of the water flow through the open blade 1a on the downstream side increases; when the water flow reversely flows through the turbine, as shown in Figure 2(b) , the arc-shaped curved surface 5b of the shroud will gather the downstream flow, so that the flow velocity of the water flowing through the open blades 1a on the downstream side will increase.

As shown in Figure 2(a), the blades in the downstream area are upright, such as blade 1a, and the force of water flow on the concave surface of the blade drives the impeller to rotate. During the rotation of the impeller, the blades in the downstream area gradually enter the reverse flow area, and the force of the water flow on the convex surface of the blades makes the blades stick to the impeller drum until they are attached to the impeller drum, such as blade 1b, so that the water flow resistance torque of the impeller is minimal. At the same time, the blade interlocking mechanism 2 makes the relative blades gradually enter the downstream area and leave the impeller drum, and gradually open to obtain driving force from the water flow. As the impeller rotates, the two blades in each blade group open and close alternately, so that the impeller is always under force on one side, and the rotational torque is the largest under the same water flow rate. When the water flow is reversed, the lower side of the impeller becomes a forward flow area, and the upper side becomes a counter flow area, and the direction of the impeller remains unchanged under the action of the water flow, as shown in Figure 2(b). In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, a nacelle 10 is provided on one side of the output shaft 11 of the water turbine (the left side in the figure), and a speed increaser 9 and a generator 7 are installed in the nacelle; 8 directly drives the generator 7 to generate electricity or drives the generator 7 to generate electricity after the speed increaser 9 speeds up.

Although the specific implementation of the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay creative work. Various modifications or variations are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. the marine tidal-current energy capacitation water turbine that blade posture is variable, it is characterized in that, comprise water turbine set, be provided with the air guide sleeve matched with it below water turbine set, described water turbine set comprises the impeller be evenly fixed on by more than 4 even number sheet blades by articulated manner on impeller hub; Described blade adopts arcuate structure, and relative two panels blade is connected together by blade interlocking gear, forms vane group; Described blade interlocking gear comprises axis pin base, connecting rod and bearing pin, and axis pin base is fixed on blade concave side, and connecting rod is through impeller hub, and two ends and axis pin base pass through hinge; Described vane group makes blade posture on impeller hub change by the self-applying of current, the folding of property performance period, and following current lateral lobe sheet opens, and obtains water flow energy, and adverse current side relative vane is closed to be attached on impeller hub.

2. water turbine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described vane group has been evenly arranged at least two groups around impeller hub circumference.

3. water turbine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described air guide sleeve side is airfoil camber, and opposite side is arc-shaped curved surface, when the two-way incoming flow of current, makes to flow through the flow rate of water flow increase that blade is opened in following current district.