CN103306706B - Device and process for preparing aerosol for preventing coal from spontaneous combustion - Google Patents
Device and process for preparing aerosol for preventing coal from spontaneous combustion Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种防治煤自燃的气溶胶制备装置及工艺，解决了防治煤矿采空区特别是高位空间遗煤自燃的问题，它包括射流比例装置、气溶胶雾化装置以及气动输送装置，其中，射流比例装置包括射流比例器、与射流比例器喷嘴连接的压力水进口、与射流比例器吸液室连接的阻化剂进口，射流比例器输出口与气溶胶雾化装置进液口连接；气溶胶雾化装置包括雾化室，雾化室的雾状气溶胶输出口与气动输送装置吸入口连接；气动输送装置包括气动输送器、与气动输送器连通的气动输送装置吸入口、与气动输送器连通的压力气体进口和气动输送装置输出口。本发明是用水将阻化剂稀释，再将其雾化，最后用压力气体将雾状的阻化气溶胶输送到采空区。
The invention relates to an aerosol preparation device and process for preventing coal spontaneous combustion, which solves the problem of preventing coal spontaneous combustion in goafs of coal mines, especially in high-level spaces. It includes a jet proportional device, an aerosol atomization device and a pneumatic conveying device, wherein , the jet proportioning device includes a jet proportioner, a pressure water inlet connected to the nozzle of the jet proportioner, an inhibitor inlet connected to the suction chamber of the jet proportioner, and the output port of the jet proportioner is connected to the liquid inlet of the aerosol atomization device; The aerosol atomization device includes an atomization chamber, and the mist aerosol output port of the atomization chamber is connected with the suction port of the pneumatic conveying device; The pressure gas inlet connected to the conveyor and the output port of the pneumatic conveying device. The invention dilutes the inhibitory agent with water, then atomizes it, and finally uses pressure gas to transport the atomized inhibitory aerosol to the goaf.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及采空区煤自燃防火技术领域。The invention relates to the technical field of coal spontaneous combustion fire prevention in goafs.
背景技术Background technique
全国煤矿中有56％的矿井存在自然发火的危险，每年造成的直接和间接经济损失近百亿元。现有的防灭火技术均是通过降低或减少煤氧结合来实现防灭火，对于漏风较为通畅的采空区的阻化惰化难度较大。尤其是综采和综放开采技术的采用矿井开采强度加大，通风系统相对复杂化，采空区范围不断扩大，而采空区是最容易也是最常发生自燃火灾的区域，极大的增加了矿井煤炭自燃发火的频率及防治的难度。采空区丢落有大量的浮煤；存在连续不断的漏风供氧；具备良好的遗煤蓄热环境，而且采空区面积大、自燃“三带”随工作面的推进呈动态移动、遗煤高温范围大、高温点隐蔽，一旦发生自燃往往是大面积的，灭火难度很大。56% of coal mines in the country have the risk of spontaneous combustion, causing direct and indirect economic losses of nearly 10 billion yuan every year. Existing fire prevention and extinguishing technologies all achieve fire prevention and extinguishment by reducing or reducing the combination of coal and oxygen. It is more difficult to prevent and inert the goaf where the air leakage is relatively smooth. In particular, the adoption of fully-mechanized mining and fully-mechanized caving mining technology has increased the intensity of mine mining, the ventilation system has become relatively complex, and the scope of goafs has continued to expand. However, goafs are the areas where spontaneous combustion fires are most likely to occur most frequently, and the number has increased significantly. The frequency of mine coal spontaneous combustion and the difficulty of prevention and control have been determined. There is a large amount of floating coal dropped in the goaf; there is continuous air leakage and oxygen supply; there is a good heat storage environment for leftover coal, and the gob area is large, and the "three zones" of spontaneous combustion move dynamically with the advancement of the working face. Coal has a large high-temperature range and hidden high-temperature points. Once spontaneous combustion occurs, it often occurs in a large area, and it is very difficult to extinguish the fire.
目前防治煤自燃的主要手段是降温(如注水、注浆、注胶体、注三相泡沫等)和采空区惰化(如注氮气、注二氧化碳等)，这些手段虽然在煤矿近距离采空区低位空间中的防灭火发挥了积极作用，但对于远距离采空区的高位空间着火还不能完全奏效。由于煤自燃多发生在采空区内，采空区的面积较大，火源点比较隐蔽并且难以确定其具体位置，常规防灭火材料很难进行大面积充填，并且不具备良好的堆积性，对防治工作面采空区等区域煤自燃火灾效果不理想。所以迫切需要研究能使采空区降氧、惰化，把阻化材料带到远距离隐蔽区域阻化遗煤自燃，并到达采空区高位空间的防火材料、装备及应用工艺。At present, the main means to prevent coal spontaneous combustion are cooling (such as water injection, grouting, colloid injection, three-phase foam injection, etc.) The fire prevention and extinguishing in the low-level space of the gob area has played a positive role, but it is not fully effective for the fire in the high-level space of the long-distance goaf. Since coal spontaneous combustion mostly occurs in the goaf, the area of the goaf is large, the source of the fire is hidden and it is difficult to determine its specific location, conventional fire prevention materials are difficult to fill in a large area, and do not have good accumulation. It is not ideal for the prevention and control of coal spontaneous combustion fires in areas such as gobs in working faces. Therefore, it is urgent to study the fireproof materials, equipment and application technology that can reduce oxygen and inert the goaf, bring the anti-chemical material to the remote hidden area to prevent the spontaneous combustion of the residual coal, and reach the high-level space of the goaf.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种防治煤自燃的气溶胶制备装置及工艺，它可以防治煤矿采空区等区域遗煤的自燃，把阻化材料带到远距离隐蔽区域，特别是带到采空区高位空间阻化遗煤自燃。The present invention provides an aerosol preparation device and process for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal, which can prevent spontaneous combustion of residual coal in goaf areas of coal mines and other areas, and bring retarding materials to long-distance hidden areas, especially to high-level spaces in goaf areas Spontaneous combustion of residual coal.
本发明解决上述问题的思路是：将阻化剂稀释，并雾化成气溶胶送入采空区煤自燃危险区域。The idea of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems is: dilute the inhibitor and atomize it into an aerosol and send it to the coal spontaneous combustion dangerous area in the goaf.
为解决以上技术问题，本发明给出以下技术方案：In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
本发明所提供的防治煤自燃的气溶胶制备装置，其特殊之处在于：包括依次相连的射流比例装置、气溶胶雾化装置以及气动输送装置，The aerosol preparation device for preventing and controlling coal spontaneous combustion provided by the present invention is special in that it includes sequentially connected jet proportional devices, aerosol atomization devices and pneumatic conveying devices,
其中，射流比例装置包括射流比例器、与射流比例器喷嘴连接的压力水进口、与射流比例器吸液室连接的阻化剂进口，射流比例器输出口与气溶胶雾化装置进液口连接；Among them, the jet proportioning device includes a jet proportioner, a pressure water inlet connected to the nozzle of the jet proportioner, an inhibitor inlet connected to the suction chamber of the jet proportioner, and the output port of the jet proportioner is connected to the liquid inlet of the aerosol atomization device ;
气溶胶雾化装置包括置于防爆外壳内的雾化室和电源接线端，雾化室内设有雾化板，雾化室的雾状气溶胶输出口与气动输送装置吸入口连接；The aerosol atomization device includes an atomization chamber and a power terminal placed in an explosion-proof casing. The atomization chamber is equipped with an atomization plate, and the mist aerosol output port of the atomization chamber is connected to the suction port of the pneumatic conveying device;
气动输送装置包括气动输送器、与气动输送器连通的气动输送装置吸入口、与气动输送器连通的压力气体进口和气动输送装置输出口，所述的压力气体是氮气或二氧化碳，考虑到对工作人员的安全，优选氮气。The pneumatic conveying device includes a pneumatic conveying device, a suction port of the pneumatic conveying device connected with the pneumatic conveying device, a pressure gas inlet connected with the pneumatic conveying device, and an outlet of the pneumatic conveying device. For personnel safety, nitrogen is preferred.
本发明的优选方案是上述射流比例器包括喷嘴、位于喷嘴外围的吸液室、与吸液室连接的喉管和与喉管连接的扩散管，当压力水的压力为1～2Mpa时，阻化剂与压力水的体积流量比为1∶3～1∶4。The preferred solution of the present invention is that the above-mentioned jet flow proportioner comprises a nozzle, a liquid suction chamber positioned at the periphery of the nozzle, a throat connected to the liquid suction chamber and a diffuser pipe connected to the throat. When the pressure of the pressurized water is 1 to 2Mpa, the resistance The volume flow ratio of chemical agent and pressure water is 1:3～1:4.
上述雾化板最好采用集成式超声波雾化板。The above-mentioned atomizing plate is preferably an integrated ultrasonic atomizing plate.
为了实时观测射流比例装置管道上液体的压力和流量，还为了保证雾化质量，防止杂质进入到气溶胶雾化装置，在射流比例装置的压力水进口管道和阻化剂进口管道上分别设有压力表、流量计和滤网。In order to observe the pressure and flow rate of the liquid on the pipe of the jet proportional device in real time, and to ensure the quality of the atomization and prevent impurities from entering the aerosol atomization device, the pressure water inlet pipe and the inhibitor inlet pipe of the jet proportional device are respectively equipped with Pressure gauges, flow meters and strainers.
本发明提供的防治煤自燃的气溶胶制备工艺，其特殊之处在于：包括以下步骤：The aerosol preparation process for preventing and controlling coal spontaneous combustion provided by the present invention is special in that it includes the following steps:
1)阻化剂混合液的制备：使用射流比例装置，用压力水射流产生的负压将阻化剂吸入，进行稀释混合，得到阻化剂混合液；1) Preparation of the inhibitor mixed solution: use a jet proportional device, use the negative pressure generated by the pressure water jet to inhale the inhibitor, dilute and mix it, and obtain the inhibitor mixed solution;
2)雾化：将步骤1)得到的阻化剂混合液通过射流比例装置输送到气溶胶雾化装置进行雾化处理，得到雾状阻化气溶胶；2) Atomization: transport the mixed solution of the inhibitory agent obtained in step 1) to the aerosol atomization device through a jet proportional device for atomization treatment to obtain a misty inhibitory aerosol;
3)气动输出：使用气动输送装置，用压力氮气或压力二氧化碳气将步骤2)得到的雾状阻化气溶胶吸入气动输送装置的气动输送器，雾状阻化气溶胶与压力氮气或压力二氧化碳气混合，并借助压力氮气或压力二氧化碳气的动力将雾状阻化气溶胶输出到采空区。3) Pneumatic output: Use a pneumatic conveying device to inhale the foggy barrier aerosol obtained in step 2) into the pneumatic conveyor of the pneumatic conveying device with pressure nitrogen or pressure carbon dioxide gas. Gas mixture, and with the power of pressure nitrogen or pressure carbon dioxide gas, the mist-like barrier aerosol is output to the goaf.
本方法的优选方案是：步骤1)中压力水的压力为1～2Mpa，阻化剂与压力水的体积流量比为1∶3～1∶4；步骤2)中雾化后的阻化气溶胶微粒直径为1～10μm。The preferred scheme of this method is: the pressure of pressure water in step 1) is 1～2Mpa, the volume flow ratio of inhibitory agent and pressure water is 1:3～1:4; The diameter of the sol particles is 1-10 μm.
上述步骤3)中氮气或二氧化碳气的压力优选为：0.5～0.7MPa。The pressure of nitrogen or carbon dioxide in the above step 3) is preferably: 0.5-0.7 MPa.
阻化剂可以是CaCl2溶液、MgCl2溶液、ZnCl2溶液或Ca(OH)2溶液中的一种或几种混合，但并不仅限于这几种。The inhibitor can be one or a mixture of CaCl 2 solution, MgCl 2 solution, ZnCl 2 solution or Ca(OH) 2 solution, but not limited to these.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
本发明以压力水和压力氮气或压力二氧化碳气体作为输送动力，所以安全可靠。由于制备的阻化气溶胶为雾状，借助压力气体的动力可以迅速对整体大面积采空区和高位空间的遗煤进行阻化，延长自然发火期，起到包裹、阻化、惰化的作用，有效的抑制和预防煤自燃的发展。The present invention uses pressurized water and pressurized nitrogen or pressurized carbon dioxide gas as the conveying power, so it is safe and reliable. Since the prepared impeding aerosol is in the form of mist, with the help of the power of the pressure gas, it can quickly impede the remaining coal in large-area gobs and high-level spaces, prolong the natural ignition period, and play the role of wrapping, impeding, and inerting Effectively inhibit and prevent the development of coal spontaneous combustion.
本发明可利用井下注氮系统，通过气动输送器将阻化气溶胶输送到采空区煤自燃隐蔽区域，进入火区的氮气具有降氧惰化的作用，阻化气溶胶的微粒覆盖在煤体表面，通过吸热、窒息和物理化学阻化的协同作用抑制煤与氧的结合，并消耗掉煤氧复合反应产生的自由活性基团，延长了煤的自然发火期。阻化气溶胶微粒具有良好的悬浮能力和绕障能力，在很短的时间内扩散到采空区深部自燃危险区域的各个部位，实现惰化的同时还能对微小空间进行渗透，进入采空区深部煤自燃隐蔽区域，实现了全方位防火，提高了防火效率。The present invention can use the underground nitrogen injection system to transport the chemical resistance aerosol to the concealed coal spontaneous combustion area in the goaf through the pneumatic conveyor, and the nitrogen gas entering the fire area has the function of reducing oxygen and inerting, and the particles of the chemical resistance aerosol cover the coal On the surface of the body, the combination of coal and oxygen is inhibited through the synergistic effect of heat absorption, suffocation and physical and chemical resistance, and the free active groups generated by the coal-oxygen recombination reaction are consumed, which prolongs the spontaneous combustion period of coal. Inhibiting aerosol particles have good suspension ability and obstacle circumvention ability, and can diffuse to various parts of the goaf deep spontaneous combustion dangerous area in a short period of time. The concealed coal spontaneous combustion area in the deep area has realized all-round fire prevention and improved fire prevention efficiency.
本发明提供的气溶胶制备装置体积小，结构简单，操作方便，运行安全，稳定可靠，使用动力可以采用井下正常使用的供水、注氮系统，在高瓦斯矿井使用更安全可靠，且对环境和人员没有任何负面影响。The aerosol preparation device provided by the present invention is small in size, simple in structure, convenient in operation, safe in operation, stable and reliable, and can be powered by a water supply and nitrogen injection system normally used in underground mines. There are no negative effects on personnel.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
图2为本发明的结构简图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
图3为本发明的气动输送器的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the pneumatic conveyor of the present invention.
附图标记：Reference signs:
1-射流比例器；2-压力水进口；3-阻化剂进口；4-气溶胶雾化装置进液口；5-雾化室；6-射流比例器输出口；7-雾状气溶胶置输出口；8-气动输送装置吸入口；9-气动输送器；10-压力气体进口；11-气动输送装置输出口；12-喷嘴；13-吸液室；14-喉管；15-扩散管；16-中心腔室；17-环形腔；18-环形喷嘴；19-排液阀；20-快插接头；21-矿用截止阀；22-滤网；23-流量计。1-jet proportional device; 2-pressure water inlet; 3-inhibiting agent inlet; 4-liquid inlet of aerosol atomization device; 5-atomization chamber; 6-jet proportional device output port; 7-mist aerosol 8- suction port of pneumatic conveying device; 9- pneumatic conveying device; 10- pressure gas inlet; 11- output port of pneumatic conveying device; 12- nozzle; 13- suction chamber; 14- throat; 15- diffusion Tube; 16-central chamber; 17-annular chamber; 18-annular nozzle; 19-drain valve;
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图对本发明的内容加以详细说明。The content of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1和图2所示，本发明的气溶胶制备装置包括射流比例装置、气溶胶雾化装置以及气动输送装置。射流比例装置包括射流比例器1、与射流比例器喷嘴12连接的压力水进口2、与射流比例器吸液室13连接的阻化剂进口3，射流比例器输出口6与气溶胶雾化装置进液口4连接；气溶胶雾化装置包括置于防爆外壳内的雾化室5和电源接线端，雾化室内设有集成式超声波雾化板，雾化室的雾状气溶胶输出口7与气动输送装置吸入口8连接；气动输送装置包括气动输送器9、与气动输送器连通的气动输送装置吸入口、与气动输送器连通的压力气体进口10和气动输送装置输出口11，压力气体可以选用氮气或二氧化碳，考虑到对工作人员的安全，优选氮气。As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the aerosol preparation device of the present invention includes a jet proportional device, an aerosol atomization device and a pneumatic delivery device. The jet proportioning device includes a jet proportioner 1, a pressure water inlet 2 connected to the nozzle 12 of the jet proportioner, an inhibitor inlet 3 connected to the suction chamber 13 of the jet proportioner, an output port 6 of the jet proportioner and an aerosol atomization device The liquid inlet 4 is connected; the aerosol atomization device includes an atomization chamber 5 placed in an explosion-proof casing and a power terminal, the atomization chamber is equipped with an integrated ultrasonic atomization plate, and the mist aerosol output port 7 of the atomization chamber It is connected with the suction port 8 of the pneumatic conveying device; the pneumatic conveying device includes a pneumatic conveying device 9, a suction port of the pneumatic conveying device communicated with the pneumatic conveying device, a pressure gas inlet 10 communicated with the pneumatic conveying device and an output port 11 of the pneumatic conveying device, and the pressure gas Nitrogen or carbon dioxide can be selected for use, and nitrogen is preferred in consideration of the safety of the staff.
如图2所示，射流比例器包括喷嘴12、位于喷嘴外围的吸液室13、与吸液室连接的喉管14和与喉管连接的扩散管15，喉管长度为喉管内径的2倍；当压力水的压力为1～2Mpa时，阻化剂与压力水的体积流量比为1∶3～1∶4。As shown in Figure 2, the jet proportioner includes a nozzle 12, a suction chamber 13 located on the periphery of the nozzle, a throat 14 connected to the suction chamber and a diffuser 15 connected to the throat, and the length of the throat is 2 times the inner diameter of the throat. times; when the pressure of the pressure water is 1-2Mpa, the volume flow ratio of the inhibitor to the pressure water is 1:3-1:4.
由于本发明在工作时，气溶胶雾化装置在雾化过程中会产生液体，影响雾化工作，因此，气溶胶雾化装置上还设置了排液阀19、浮子液位开关、防爆电磁阀，当气溶胶雾化装置液面超限时，浮子液位开关输出开关量，关闭防爆电磁阀，实现自动闭锁。When the present invention is working, the aerosol atomization device will produce liquid in the atomization process, which will affect the atomization work. Therefore, the aerosol atomization device is also provided with a liquid discharge valve 19, a float level switch, and an explosion-proof solenoid valve. , When the liquid level of the aerosol atomization device exceeds the limit, the float liquid level switch outputs the switching value, and the explosion-proof solenoid valve is closed to realize automatic locking.
如图3所示，气动输送器具有一个中心腔室16和位于中心腔室外围的环形腔17，环形腔与中心腔室的进口端之间设有环形喷嘴18，压力气体进口与环形腔相连，气动输送装置吸入口与中心腔室的进口端相连。As shown in Figure 3, the pneumatic conveyor has a central chamber 16 and an annular chamber 17 positioned at the periphery of the central chamber, an annular nozzle 18 is provided between the annular chamber and the inlet end of the central chamber, and the pressure gas inlet is connected to the annular chamber , the suction port of the pneumatic conveying device is connected with the inlet port of the central chamber.
为了实时观测管道上液体的压力和流量，防止杂质进入，在压力水进口管道上和阻化剂进口管道上设置有矿用截止阀、滤网、流量计，管道间采用矿用快插接头；气溶胶雾化装置进液口的管道上设置有矿用截止阀、滤网；压力气体进口管道上设置有流量计、矿用截止阀；压力水与阻化剂的流量和比例可以利用矿用截止阀进行调节与控制。本发明各个管道的端头采用了矿用快插接头，工作人员可以根据煤矿深度的具体情况，灵活的增加、拆卸或安装本发明的装置。In order to observe the pressure and flow of the liquid on the pipeline in real time and prevent impurities from entering, mine stop valves, filter screens, and flow meters are installed on the pressure water inlet pipeline and the inhibitor inlet pipeline, and mining quick-plug connectors are used between the pipelines; The pipeline of the liquid inlet of the aerosol atomization device is equipped with a mine cut-off valve and a filter screen; the pressure gas inlet pipeline is equipped with a flow meter and a mine-use cut-off valve; the flow and ratio of the pressure water and the inhibitor can be used to mine Shut-off valve for regulation and control. The end of each pipeline of the present invention adopts quick-plug joints for mines, and the staff can flexibly add, dismantle or install the device of the present invention according to the specific conditions of the depth of the coal mine.
实施例具体说明，压力气体以氮气为例：The embodiment specifies that nitrogen is used as an example for the pressure gas:
在某个矿井，用1.5Mpa压力水由压力水进口进入射流比例器的喷嘴，在喷嘴出口处由于压力水射流和空气之间的黏滞作用，把喷嘴附近的空气带走，使喷嘴附近形成负压(主流的流速增加，位能降低，动能增加)，在环境大气压力作用下，被抽送阻化剂液体经吸液室被吸上来(阻化剂液体与压力水的体积流量比为1∶4)，并随同压力水一同进入喉管内，在喉管内两股液体发生动量交换，压力水将一部分能量传递给被抽送的阻化剂液体，压力水流速减慢，被抽送的阻化剂液体速度加快，到达喉管末端时两股液体的速度渐趋一致，混合过程基本完成，形成阻化剂混合液进入扩散管，在扩散管内流速逐渐降低(动能逐渐减小)，位能(压力)逐渐增高，到扩散管出口处阻化剂混合液的压力高于被抽送的阻化剂液体流入喉管的压力，低于压力水流入喉管的压力，最后阻化剂混合液从DN20mm的扩散管排出，流入气溶胶雾化装置。In a certain mine, 1.5Mpa pressure water is used to enter the nozzle of the jet proportioner from the pressure water inlet. At the outlet of the nozzle, due to the viscous effect between the pressure water jet and the air, the air near the nozzle is taken away, so that the nozzle near the nozzle is formed. Negative pressure (the flow velocity of the mainstream increases, the potential energy decreases, and the kinetic energy increases), under the action of ambient atmospheric pressure, the pumped inhibitor liquid is sucked up through the suction chamber (the volume flow ratio of the inhibitor liquid to the pressure water is 1 : 4), and enter the throat together with the pressure water, the momentum exchange occurs between the two liquids in the throat, the pressure water transfers part of the energy to the pumped inhibitor liquid, the flow rate of the pressure water slows down, and the pumped inhibitor liquid The speed of the liquid increases, and the speed of the two liquids gradually becomes the same when they reach the end of the throat pipe. The mixing process is basically completed, and the mixed solution of inhibitor is formed and enters the diffusion tube. The flow velocity in the diffusion tube decreases gradually (kinetic energy gradually decreases), and the potential energy (pressure ) gradually increases until the pressure of the inhibitor mixture at the outlet of the diffusion tube is higher than the pressure of the pumped inhibitor liquid flowing into the throat, and lower than the pressure of the pressure water flowing into the throat. Finally, the inhibitor mixture flows from DN20mm The diffuser tube exits and flows into the aerosol nebulizer.
在气溶胶雾化装置内，每小时可雾化200kg阻化剂混合液，设置在雾化室内的集成式超声波雾化板，利用超声波雾化振子压电陶瓷所固有超声波振荡特点，电路超声波振荡，传输到压电陶瓷振子表面，压电陶瓷振子产生轴向机械共振变化传输到与其接触的阻化混合液体，使液体表面产生隆起，并在隆起的周围发生空化作用，由空化作用产生的冲击波将以振子的振动频率不断反复，使液体表面产生有限振幅的表面张力波，该张力波的波头飞散，使液体雾化成阻化气溶胶微粒直径为1～10μm的雾状阻化气溶胶。In the aerosol atomization device, 200kg of inhibitor mixed liquid can be atomized per hour. The integrated ultrasonic atomization plate installed in the atomization chamber utilizes the inherent ultrasonic oscillation characteristics of the ultrasonic atomization vibrator piezoelectric ceramics, and the circuit ultrasonic oscillation , transmitted to the surface of the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator, the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator produces axial mechanical resonance changes and transmits it to the resistive mixed liquid in contact with it, causing the liquid surface to bulge, and cavitation occurs around the bulge, which is generated by cavitation The shock wave will be repeated at the vibration frequency of the vibrator, causing surface tension waves of limited amplitude to be generated on the surface of the liquid. The wave head of the tension wave will be scattered, and the liquid will be atomized into a mist-like barrier gas with a diameter of 1-10 μm. Sol.
如图2和图3所示，雾化室的雾状气溶胶输出口通过Φ32mm的矿用快插接头连接气动输送装置的吸入口，注氮系统以0.69MPa的压力通过压力气体进口进入环形腔，通过一个小环型喷嘴以极高的流速喷出，气溶胶雾化装置的气动输送器内高速喷出的气流将形成柯恩达效应真空区(如图3所示，图3中的箭头表示了压力气体和雾状阻化气溶胶的走向)，带动气溶胶雾化装置内的雾状阻化气溶胶通过吸入口进入气动输送器的中心腔室，与压力氮气混合，并借助压力氮气的动力将雾状阻化气溶胶从气溶胶雾化装置的输出口输送至采空区(输送放大比例5～30倍)，利用阻化气溶胶良好的流动特性和运移特性，把雾状阻化气溶胶带到远距离隐蔽自燃危险区域，并可到达采空区高位空间，尤其对预防采空区“两道两线”顶煤和煤壁自燃效果非常理想，在煤体表面形成一层阻化膜，阻化膜的成分具有很强的吸水性，能使煤长期处于潮湿状态，减少煤氧化学反应的官能团或阻止自由基反应，使氧化速度受到抑制，延长煤自然发火期，氮气作为压缩气体的动力，在惰化自燃区域的同时，也起到抑制瓦斯和水煤气燃爆的作用。As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the mist aerosol output port of the atomization chamber is connected to the suction port of the pneumatic conveying device through a Φ32mm mining quick-plug connector, and the nitrogen injection system enters the annular cavity through the pressure gas inlet at a pressure of 0.69MPa , sprayed out at a very high flow rate through a small annular nozzle, and the high-speed airflow in the pneumatic conveyor of the aerosol atomization device will form a Coanda effect vacuum zone (as shown in Figure 3, the arrow in Figure 3 indicates the trend of the pressure gas and the mist-like barrier aerosol), which drives the mist-like barrier aerosol in the aerosol atomization device to enter the central chamber of the pneumatic conveyor through the suction port, mixes with the pressure nitrogen, and uses the pressure nitrogen to The power of the impeding aerosol is transported from the output port of the aerosol atomization device to the goaf (the transmission amplification ratio is 5 to 30 times), and the mist-like aerosol is transferred to the The chemical resistance aerosol belt can reach the long-distance concealed spontaneous combustion dangerous area, and can reach the high-level space of the goaf, especially for the prevention of "two lines and two lines" top coal and coal wall spontaneous combustion in the goaf. Layer resistance film, the composition of the resistance film has strong water absorption, which can keep the coal in a humid state for a long time, reduce the functional groups of the coal oxygen chemical reaction or prevent the free radical reaction, so that the oxidation rate is inhibited, and the natural combustion period of the coal is prolonged. Nitrogen, as the power of compressed gas, not only inerts the spontaneous combustion area, but also plays a role in suppressing the explosion of gas and water gas.
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