CN103291688B - Band energy regenerating hydraulic pump motor test stand and using method - Google Patents
Band energy regenerating hydraulic pump motor test stand and using method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种带能量回收液压泵马达试验台包括动力系统、液压泵马达测试装置和能量回收装置；所述动力系统包括第一变频器（2）和异步电动机（3）；所述液压测试装置包括液压泵（6）和液压马达（8）；所述能量回收装置包括异步发电机（11）和第二变频器（12）；所述第一变频器（2）和异步电动机（3）电连接；所述异步电动机（3）和液压泵（6）相互连接，所述液压泵（6）与液压马达（8）之间通过液压油管道相连接；所述液压马达（8）和异步发电机（11）之间通过相互连接；所述异步发电机（11）和第二变频器（12）电连接，所述第二变频器（12）与第一变频器（2）电连接。<!--1-->
The invention discloses a hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery, which includes a power system, a hydraulic pump motor test device and an energy recovery device; the power system includes a first frequency converter (2) and an asynchronous motor (3); the hydraulic pressure The test device includes a hydraulic pump (6) and a hydraulic motor (8); the energy recovery device includes an asynchronous generator (11) and a second frequency converter (12); the first frequency converter (2) and an asynchronous motor (3 ) are electrically connected; the asynchronous motor (3) and the hydraulic pump (6) are connected to each other, and the hydraulic pump (6) is connected to the hydraulic motor (8) through a hydraulic oil pipeline; the hydraulic motor (8) and The asynchronous generators (11) are connected to each other; the asynchronous generator (11) is electrically connected to the second frequency converter (12), and the second frequency converter (12) is electrically connected to the first frequency converter (2) . <!--1-->
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种液压泵马达试验台，尤其涉及一种带能量回收液压泵马达试验台及使用方法。The invention relates to a hydraulic pump motor test stand, in particular to a hydraulic pump motor test stand with energy recovery and a use method thereof.
背景技术 Background technique
近些年来，由于计算机技术、测试技术以及液压技术的不断进步，使得液压泵和马达性能测试试验台的技术取得了飞速发展。但是目前液压泵马达试验台主要采用的加载方式为直接加载和功率回收加载，其共性为，被测试马达的加载部分均为加载马达，加载马达需要一个补偿泵为其提供压力和流量。该加载方法，将液压马达的机械能转换为液压系统的热能，能量利用率低，能耗较大，增大了液压系统的发热功率。In recent years, due to the continuous progress of computer technology, testing technology and hydraulic technology, the technology of hydraulic pump and motor performance test bench has achieved rapid development. However, at present, the main loading methods used in the hydraulic pump motor test bench are direct loading and power recovery loading. The commonality is that the loading part of the tested motor is the loading motor, and the loading motor needs a compensation pump to provide pressure and flow for it. In this loading method, the mechanical energy of the hydraulic motor is converted into the heat energy of the hydraulic system, the energy utilization rate is low, the energy consumption is large, and the heating power of the hydraulic system is increased.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服背景技术中的不足，提供一种减少能量消耗的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台及使用方法。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings in the background technology, and provide a hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery and a use method that reduces energy consumption.
本发明提出一种带能量回收液压泵马达试验台，包括动力系统、液压泵马达测试装置和能量回收装置；所述动力系统与液压泵马达测试装置相连接，所述液压泵马达测试装置与能量回收装置相连接，所述能量回收装置与动力系统电连接。The present invention proposes a hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery, including a power system, a hydraulic pump motor test device and an energy recovery device; the power system is connected to the hydraulic pump motor test device, and the hydraulic pump motor test device is connected to the energy recovery device The recovery device is connected, and the energy recovery device is electrically connected with the power system.
作为对本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台的改进：所述动力系统包括第一变频器和异步电动机；所述液压测试装置包括液压泵和液压马达；所述能量回收装置包括异步发电机和第二变频器；所述第一变频器和异步电动机电连接；所述异步电动机和液压泵相互连接，所述液压泵与液压马达之间通过液压油管道相连接；所述液压马达和异步发电机相互连接；所述异步发电机和第二变频器电连接，所述第二变频器与第一变频器电连接。As an improvement to the motor test bench with energy recovery hydraulic pump of the present invention: the power system includes a first frequency converter and an asynchronous motor; the hydraulic test device includes a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor; the energy recovery device includes an asynchronous generator and The second frequency converter; the first frequency converter is electrically connected to the asynchronous motor; the asynchronous motor and the hydraulic pump are connected to each other, and the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor are connected through a hydraulic oil pipeline; the hydraulic motor is connected to the asynchronous generator The machines are connected to each other; the asynchronous generator is electrically connected to the second frequency converter, and the second frequency converter is electrically connected to the first frequency converter.
作为对本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台的进一步改进：所述的液压泵的出油口上设置有单向阀，所述液压泵与液压马达之间的液压油管道上依次设置有比例溢流阀、马达进出口流量计和换向阀；所述比例溢流阀和马达进出口流量计之间的液压油管道上设置有安全阀、压力表和温度计。As a further improvement to the motor test bench of the hydraulic pump with energy recovery of the present invention: the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump is provided with a check valve, and the hydraulic oil pipeline between the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor is provided with a proportional overflow in sequence. A flow valve, a motor inlet and outlet flowmeter and a reversing valve; a safety valve, a pressure gauge and a thermometer are arranged on the hydraulic oil pipeline between the proportional overflow valve and the motor inlet and outlet flowmeter.
作为对本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台的进一步改进：所述液压马达的泄油口上上设置有马达泄漏流量计。As a further improvement to the motor test bench of the hydraulic pump with energy recovery of the present invention: a motor leakage flowmeter is arranged on the oil discharge port of the hydraulic motor.
作为对本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台的进一步改进：所述异步电动机与液压泵之间设置有第一转速转矩传感器，液压马达与异步发电机之间设置有第二转速转矩传感器；所述第一转速转矩传感器与第一变频器信号连接；所述第二转速转矩传感器与第二变频器信号连接。As a further improvement to the motor test bench with energy recovery hydraulic pump of the present invention: a first speed torque sensor is set between the asynchronous motor and the hydraulic pump, and a second speed torque sensor is set between the hydraulic motor and the asynchronous generator ; The first rotational speed torque sensor is connected to the signal of the first frequency converter; the second rotational speed torque sensor is connected to the signal of the second frequency converter.
作为对本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台的进一步改进：所述异步电动机通过联轴器设置第一转速转矩传感器，第一转速转矩传感器再通过另外一个联轴器与液压泵相连接；所述液压马达通过再一个联轴器设置第二转速转矩传感器，第二转速转矩传感器再通过再另外一个联轴器与异步发电机相连接。As a further improvement to the motor test bench with energy recovery hydraulic pump of the present invention: the asynchronous motor is provided with a first rotational speed torque sensor through a coupling, and the first rotational speed torque sensor is connected to the hydraulic pump through another coupling The hydraulic motor is provided with a second rotational speed torque sensor through another coupling, and the second rotational speed torque sensor is connected with the asynchronous generator through another coupling.
作为对本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台的进一步改进：所述第一变频器为V/F控制变频器；所述第二变频器为直接转矩控制变频器。As a further improvement to the hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery of the present invention: the first frequency converter is a V/F control frequency converter; the second frequency converter is a direct torque control frequency converter.
作为对本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台的进一步改进：所述第一变频器和第二变频器之间通过共直流母线相互连接。As a further improvement to the hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery of the present invention: the first frequency converter and the second frequency converter are connected to each other through a common DC bus.
一种带能量回收液压泵马达试验台的使用方法；第一变频器和第二变频器均外接电网，通过电网向第一变频器和第二变频器供电；第一变频器带动异步电动机转动，异步电动机将电能转化为机械能；由异步电动机带动液压泵转动，液压泵将机械能转化为液压能；液压泵带动液压马达转动，液压马达将液压能转化为机械能；液压马达带动异步发电机转动，异步发电机将机械能转化为电能；第二变频器将异步发电机产生的交流电转化为直流电，再将直流电通过共直流母线传输到第一变频器中，由第一变频器再驱动液压泵。A method for using a hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery; the first frequency converter and the second frequency converter are both connected to a power grid, and power is supplied to the first frequency converter and the second frequency converter through the power grid; the first frequency converter drives the asynchronous motor to rotate, The asynchronous motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy; the asynchronous motor drives the hydraulic pump to rotate, and the hydraulic pump converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy; the hydraulic pump drives the hydraulic motor to rotate, and the hydraulic motor converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy; the hydraulic motor drives the asynchronous generator to rotate, asynchronous The generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy; the second frequency converter converts the alternating current generated by the asynchronous generator into direct current, and then transmits the direct current to the first frequency converter through the common DC bus, and the first frequency converter then drives the hydraulic pump.
本发明的有益效果是：能够实现能量回收的目的，减少了能量消耗，降低试验台的发热功率。The beneficial effects of the invention are: the purpose of energy recovery can be realized, the energy consumption is reduced, and the heating power of the test bench is reduced.
本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台通过第二变频器控制异步发电机代替加载马达（即通过第二变频器控制的异步发电机为被测马达加载），同时，将异步发电机产生的交流电通过第二变频器转化为直流电，再通过共直流母线将直流电传递到第一变频器，再由第一变频器将直流电逆变为交流电，供给异步电动机使用。通过这种方式，将以往的加载方式（即现常用的加载方式）所消耗的能量回收利用，降低本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台中的液压系统的发热功率。本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台的液压系统结构简单，能量传递速度快，近似于时间上的一致。如图2所示，根据工控一和工控二所获得的试验数据得出本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台的液压系统的异步电动机输入功率、液压泵输出功率、液压马达输出功率以及异步发电机发电功率在时间上一一对应，不存在超前或滞后。The hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery of the present invention controls the asynchronous generator through the second frequency converter to replace the loading motor (that is, the asynchronous generator controlled by the second frequency converter loads the motor under test), and at the same time, the asynchronous generator generates The alternating current is converted into direct current through the second frequency converter, and then the direct current is transmitted to the first frequency converter through the common direct current bus, and then the first frequency converter inverts the direct current into alternating current, which is supplied to the asynchronous motor. In this way, the energy consumed by the previous loading method (that is, the commonly used loading method) is recycled, and the heating power of the hydraulic system in the hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery of the present invention is reduced. The hydraulic system of the hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery of the present invention has simple structure, fast energy transmission speed, and approximate time consistency. As shown in Figure 2, the asynchronous motor input power, hydraulic pump output power, hydraulic motor output power and asynchronous The power generated by the generator corresponds one by one in time, and there is no lead or lag.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细说明。The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
图1是本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台的结构原理图；Fig. 1 is the structural principle diagram of the band energy recovery hydraulic pump motor test bench of the present invention;
图2是功率关系示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the power relationship.
具体实施方式 detailed description
实施例1、图1给出了一种带能量回收液压泵马达试验台，包括动力系统、液压泵马达测试装置和能量回收装置。Embodiment 1, Figure 1 shows a hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery, including a power system, a hydraulic pump motor test device and an energy recovery device.
动力系统包括第一变频器2和异步电动机3；液压测试装置包括比例溢流阀74、安全阀75、压力表76、温度计77、马达进出口流量计78、马达泄漏流量计711、液压泵6（做泵的测试实验时，为被测泵，做马达的测试试验时，为标准泵）和液压马达8（做泵的测试实验时，为标准马达，做马达的测试试验时，为被测马达）；能量回收装置包括异步发电机11和第二变频器12；以上所述的第一变频器2和第二变频器12分别与电网1电连接。实际工作的时候，以上所述的第一变频器2和第二变频器12均由电网1供电。The power system includes the first frequency converter 2 and the asynchronous motor 3; the hydraulic test device includes a proportional overflow valve 74, a safety valve 75, a pressure gauge 76, a thermometer 77, a motor inlet and outlet flowmeter 78, a motor leakage flowmeter 711, and a hydraulic pump 6 (When doing the pump test, it is the pump under test; when doing the motor test, it is the standard pump) and hydraulic motor 8 (when doing the pump test, it is the standard motor; when doing the motor test, it is the tested pump) motor); the energy recovery device includes an asynchronous generator 11 and a second frequency converter 12; the above-mentioned first frequency converter 2 and second frequency converter 12 are electrically connected to the grid 1 respectively. In actual operation, both the above-mentioned first frequency converter 2 and the second frequency converter 12 are powered by the grid 1 .
第一变频器2的输入端与电网1相连接，第一变频器2的输出端接入异步电动机3的输入端。异步电动机3和液压泵6之间设置有第一转速转矩传感器5，异步电动机3通过联轴器与第一转速转矩传感器5相连接，第一转速转矩传感器5再通过另外一个联轴器与液压泵6相连接；第一转速转矩传感器5与第一变频器2信号连接（为保持图面整洁，省略附图中此处的信号连接标记），第一转速转矩传感器5检测异步电动机3的转速和转矩，并将异步电动机3的转速和转矩反馈到第一变频器2。The input end of the first frequency converter 2 is connected to the grid 1 , and the output end of the first frequency converter 2 is connected to the input end of the asynchronous motor 3 . A first rotational speed torque sensor 5 is arranged between the asynchronous motor 3 and the hydraulic pump 6, the asynchronous motor 3 is connected with the first rotational speed torque sensor 5 through a shaft coupling, and the first rotational speed torque sensor 5 is passed through another shaft coupling connected to the hydraulic pump 6; the first rotational speed torque sensor 5 is connected to the signal of the first frequency converter 2 (in order to keep the drawing clean and tidy, the signal connection mark here is omitted in the drawings), and the first rotational speed torque sensor 5 detects The speed and torque of the asynchronous motor 3 are fed back to the first frequency converter 2.
第二变频器12的输入端与电网1相连接，第二变频器12的输出端接入异步发电机11的输入端。液压马达8和异步发电机11之间设置有第二转速转矩传感器7，液压马达8通过一个联轴器与第二转速转矩传感器7相连接，第二转速转矩传感器7通过再一个联轴器与液压马达8相连接；第二转速转矩传感器7与第二变频器12信号连接（为保持图面整洁，省略附图中此处的信号连接标记）；第二转速转矩传感器7检测液压马达8的转速和转矩，并将液压马达8的转速和转矩反馈到第二变频器12中。The input end of the second frequency converter 12 is connected to the grid 1 , and the output end of the second frequency converter 12 is connected to the input end of the asynchronous generator 11 . A second rotational speed torque sensor 7 is arranged between the hydraulic motor 8 and the asynchronous generator 11, the hydraulic motor 8 is connected with the second rotational speed torque sensor 7 through a shaft coupling, and the second rotational speed torque sensor 7 is connected through another coupling. The shaft device is connected to the hydraulic motor 8; the second speed torque sensor 7 is connected to the second frequency converter 12 for signal connection (in order to keep the drawing clean and tidy, the signal connection mark here in the drawings is omitted); the second speed torque sensor 7 The rotational speed and torque of the hydraulic motor 8 are detected, and the rotational speed and torque of the hydraulic motor 8 are fed back to the second frequency converter 12 .
实际工作的时候，以上所述的第一变频器2和第二变频器12均由电网1供电。In actual operation, both the above-mentioned first frequency converter 2 and the second frequency converter 12 are powered by the grid 1 .
液压泵6的出油口通过单向阀73与马达进出口流量计78相连接，马达进出口流量计78与换向阀79相连接，换向阀79与液压马达8的进油口相连接。单向阀73与马达进出口流量计78之间的油路上设置比例溢流阀74、安全阀75、压力表76和温度计77；液压马达8的泄漏口设置马达泄漏流量计711。The oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 6 is connected to the motor inlet and outlet flowmeter 78 through the check valve 73, the motor inlet and outlet flowmeter 78 is connected to the reversing valve 79, and the reversing valve 79 is connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic motor 8 . A proportional overflow valve 74, a safety valve 75, a pressure gauge 76 and a thermometer 77 are arranged on the oil circuit between the check valve 73 and the motor inlet and outlet flowmeter 78; the leakage port of the hydraulic motor 8 is provided with a motor leakage flowmeter 711.
在实际的工作过程中，通过比例溢流阀74和安全阀75设定液压泵6工作压力，分别通过压力表76、温度计77、马达进出口流量计78以及马达泄漏流量计711就可以读出液压泵6或者液压马达8当前运行的各项数据，再结合第一转速转矩传感器5和第二转速转矩传感器7获取的数据，就可以得知液压泵6和液压马达8的性能。In the actual working process, the working pressure of the hydraulic pump 6 is set through the proportional relief valve 74 and the safety valve 75, and can be read through the pressure gauge 76, the thermometer 77, the motor inlet and outlet flowmeter 78 and the motor leakage flowmeter 711 respectively. The performances of the hydraulic pump 6 and the hydraulic motor 8 can be obtained by combining various data of the current operation of the hydraulic pump 6 or the hydraulic motor 8 with the data obtained by the first rotational speed torque sensor 5 and the second rotational speed torque sensor 7 .
第一变频器2选用V/F控制变频器。第二变频器12选用直接转矩控制（DTC）变频器。第一变频器2和第二变频器12之间通过共直流母线连接，第一变频器2的DC+和第二变频器12的DC+相互连接，第一变频器2的DC-和第二变频器12的DC-相互连接。The first frequency converter 2 is a V/F control frequency converter. The second frequency converter 12 is a direct torque control (DTC) frequency converter. The first inverter 2 and the second inverter 12 are connected through a common DC bus, the DC+ of the first inverter 2 and the DC+ of the second inverter 12 are connected to each other, and the DC- of the first inverter 2 and the second inverter 12 DC-interconnects.
以上所述的第一变频器2、第二变频器12、异步电动机3和异步发电机11均为市购产品。The above-mentioned first frequency converter 2 , second frequency converter 12 , asynchronous motor 3 and asynchronous generator 11 are all commercial products.
本发明的工作过程如下：Working process of the present invention is as follows:
工控一：Industrial control one:
液压泵测试试验（液压泵6为被测泵，液压马达8为标准马达）：Hydraulic pump test (hydraulic pump 6 is the pump under test, hydraulic motor 8 is the standard motor):
比例溢流阀74调节液压泵6的出口压力，安全阀75设定液压泵6的最高压力，通过压力表76读出液压泵6的出口压力值，通过温度计77读出液压泵6的出油温度，通过马达进出口流量计78读出液压马达8的进口流量，通过换向阀79实现液压马达8的换向，通过马达泄漏流量计711读出液压马达8的泄漏流量。第二变频器12控制异步发电机11的转矩，实现对液压泵6的加载。步骤如下：The proportional relief valve 74 adjusts the outlet pressure of the hydraulic pump 6, the safety valve 75 sets the maximum pressure of the hydraulic pump 6, reads the outlet pressure value of the hydraulic pump 6 through the pressure gauge 76, and reads the oil output of the hydraulic pump 6 through the thermometer 77 temperature, read the inlet flow of the hydraulic motor 8 through the motor inlet and outlet flow meter 78, realize the reversing of the hydraulic motor 8 through the reversing valve 79, and read the leakage flow of the hydraulic motor 8 through the motor leakage flow meter 711. The second frequency converter 12 controls the torque of the asynchronous generator 11 to load the hydraulic pump 6 . Proceed as follows:
1、通过电网1，第一变频器2通电；第一变频器2输出频率可控的交流电为异步电动机3供电。异步电动机3将电能转换为机械能。1. The first frequency converter 2 is energized through the grid 1; the first frequency converter 2 outputs alternating current with a controllable frequency to supply power for the asynchronous motor 3. The asynchronous motor 3 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
2、异步电动机3通过联轴器带动液压泵6转动，液压泵6将机械能转换为液压能。第一变频器2通过控制异步电动机3的转速，再通过异步电动机3控制液压泵6的转速（通过对液压泵6转速的调节，即可以控制液压泵6的出口流量），通过液压泵6为本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台中的液压系统供油。2. The asynchronous motor 3 drives the hydraulic pump 6 to rotate through the coupling, and the hydraulic pump 6 converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. The first frequency converter 2 controls the speed of the asynchronous motor 3, and then controls the speed of the hydraulic pump 6 through the asynchronous motor 3 (by adjusting the speed of the hydraulic pump 6, the outlet flow of the hydraulic pump 6 can be controlled), through the hydraulic pump 6 Oil is supplied to the hydraulic system in the hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery of the present invention.
3、第一转速转矩传感器5检测到液压泵6的转速和转矩，并将液压泵6的转速和转矩反馈给第一变频器2；通过第一变频器2即可以实现对异步电动机3的转速和转矩的控制（即，第一变频器2接受到液压泵6的转速和转矩信息后，再根据实验的要求，针对异步电动机3进行相应的转速和转矩调整，再通过对异步电动机3的转速和转矩的调整，控制液压泵6的转速和转矩，通过相应的调整，可以增加实验数据的准确性）。3. The first rotational speed torque sensor 5 detects the rotational speed and torque of the hydraulic pump 6, and feeds back the rotational speed and torque of the hydraulic pump 6 to the first frequency converter 2; 3 speed and torque control (that is, after the first frequency converter 2 receives the speed and torque information of the hydraulic pump 6, according to the requirements of the experiment, the corresponding speed and torque adjustment for the asynchronous motor 3 is carried out, and then through Adjust the speed and torque of the asynchronous motor 3, control the speed and torque of the hydraulic pump 6, through the corresponding adjustment, the accuracy of the experimental data can be increased).
4、液压油依次通过单向阀73、马达进出口流量计78和换向阀79（换向阀79控制液压油的流向，通过液压油的流向控制，就可以控制液压马达8的转动方向）后，进入液压马达8中，并带动液压马达8转动，通过液压马达8将液压能转换为机械能。4. The hydraulic oil passes through the one-way valve 73, the motor inlet and outlet flowmeter 78 and the reversing valve 79 in sequence (the reversing valve 79 controls the flow direction of the hydraulic oil, and the rotation direction of the hydraulic motor 8 can be controlled by controlling the flow direction of the hydraulic oil) Finally, it enters the hydraulic motor 8 and drives the hydraulic motor 8 to rotate, and the hydraulic energy is converted into mechanical energy by the hydraulic motor 8.
5、液压马达8通过联轴器带动异步发电机11转动，异步发电机11将机械能转换为电能。5. The hydraulic motor 8 drives the asynchronous generator 11 to rotate through the coupling, and the asynchronous generator 11 converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
6、异步发电机11产生的交流电进入第二变频器12内，第二变频器12将交流电转化为直流电，并将直流电通过共直流母线传输到第一变频器2内（由于第二变频器12内的整流器是不可逆的，所以通过第二变频器12的逆变器转换后的直流电没有回到电网1，而是将通过共直流母线传输到第一变频器2内），第一变频器2又将直流电逆变为可控交流电，驱动异步电动机3。6. The alternating current generated by the asynchronous generator 11 enters the second frequency converter 12, and the second frequency converter 12 converts the alternating current into direct current, and transmits the direct current to the first frequency converter 2 through the common DC bus (because the second frequency converter 12 The internal rectifier is irreversible, so the DC power converted by the inverter of the second frequency converter 12 is not returned to the grid 1, but will be transmitted to the first frequency converter 2 through the common DC bus), the first frequency converter 2 Invert the direct current into a controllable alternating current to drive the asynchronous motor 3 .
第二转速转矩传感器7将液压马达8的转速和转矩反馈给第二变频器12，通过第二变频器12，对异步发电机11的转速和转矩进行控制，再通过异步发电机11经联轴器对液压马达8进行控制。第二变频器12为直接转矩控制变频器，能够直接改变异步发电机11的转矩，即改变液压马达8的阻力矩，即改变液压系统的负载，实现对液压泵6的加载。The second speed and torque sensor 7 feeds back the speed and torque of the hydraulic motor 8 to the second frequency converter 12, through the second frequency converter 12, the speed and torque of the asynchronous generator 11 are controlled, and then through the asynchronous generator 11 The hydraulic motor 8 is controlled via a coupling. The second frequency converter 12 is a direct torque control frequency converter, which can directly change the torque of the asynchronous generator 11 , that is, change the resistance torque of the hydraulic motor 8 , that is, change the load of the hydraulic system to load the hydraulic pump 6 .
7、通过比例溢流阀74调定系统压力，压力表76可读出当前系统压力，温度计77读出当前的油温，流量计78读出液压泵6的流量，从而获得液压泵6的性能参数。7. Set the system pressure through the proportional relief valve 74, the pressure gauge 76 can read the current system pressure, the thermometer 77 can read the current oil temperature, and the flow meter 78 can read the flow rate of the hydraulic pump 6, so as to obtain the performance of the hydraulic pump 6 parameter.
工控二：Industrial control two:
该试验台做液压马达试验（液压泵6为标准泵，液压马达8为被测马达）：The test bench is used for hydraulic motor test (hydraulic pump 6 is the standard pump, hydraulic motor 8 is the motor under test):
比例溢流阀74调节液压泵6的出口压力，安全阀75设定液压泵6的最高压力，通过压力表76读出液压泵6的出口压力值，通过温度计77读出液压泵6的出油温度，通过马达进出口流量计78读出液压马达8的进口流量，通过换向阀79实现液压马达8的换向，通过马达泄漏流量计711读出液压马达8的泄漏流量。第二变频器12控制异步发电机11的转矩，实现对液压马达8的加载。步骤如下：The proportional overflow valve 74 adjusts the outlet pressure of the hydraulic pump 6, the safety valve 75 sets the maximum pressure of the hydraulic pump 6, reads the outlet pressure value of the hydraulic pump 6 through the pressure gauge 76, and reads the oil output of the hydraulic pump 6 through the thermometer 77 temperature, read the inlet flow of the hydraulic motor 8 through the motor inlet and outlet flow meter 78, realize the reversing of the hydraulic motor 8 through the reversing valve 79, and read the leakage flow of the hydraulic motor 8 through the motor leakage flow meter 711. The second frequency converter 12 controls the torque of the asynchronous generator 11 to load the hydraulic motor 8 . Proceed as follows:
1、通过电网1，第一变频器2通电；第一变频器2输出频率可控的交流电为异步电动机3供电。异步电动机3将电能转换为机械能。1. The first frequency converter 2 is energized through the grid 1; the first frequency converter 2 outputs alternating current with a controllable frequency to supply power for the asynchronous motor 3. The asynchronous motor 3 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
2、异步电动机3通过联轴器带动液压泵6转动，液压泵6将机械能转换为液压能。第一变频器2通过控制异步电动机3的转速，间接的控制液压泵6的转速，通过液压泵6为本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台中的液压系统供油。2. The asynchronous motor 3 drives the hydraulic pump 6 to rotate through the coupling, and the hydraulic pump 6 converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. The first frequency converter 2 indirectly controls the rotational speed of the hydraulic pump 6 by controlling the rotational speed of the asynchronous motor 3 , and supplies oil to the hydraulic system in the hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery of the present invention through the hydraulic pump 6 .
3、第一转速转矩传感器5检测到液压泵6的转速和转矩，并将液压泵6的转速和转矩反馈给第一变频器2；通过第一变频器2即可以实现对异步电动机3的转速和转矩控制。3. The first rotational speed torque sensor 5 detects the rotational speed and torque of the hydraulic pump 6, and feeds back the rotational speed and torque of the hydraulic pump 6 to the first frequency converter 2; 3 speed and torque control.
4、液压油依次通过单向阀73、马达进出口流量计78和换向阀79（换向阀79控制液压油的流向，通过液压油的流向控制，就可以控制液压马达8的转动方向）后，进入液压马达8中，并带动液压马达8转动，通过液压马达8将液压能转换为机械能。4. The hydraulic oil passes through the one-way valve 73, the motor inlet and outlet flowmeter 78 and the reversing valve 79 in sequence (the reversing valve 79 controls the flow direction of the hydraulic oil, and the rotation direction of the hydraulic motor 8 can be controlled by controlling the flow direction of the hydraulic oil) Finally, it enters the hydraulic motor 8 and drives the hydraulic motor 8 to rotate, and the hydraulic energy is converted into mechanical energy by the hydraulic motor 8.
5、液压马达8通过联轴器带动异步发电机11转动（异步发电机11将机械能转换为电能）。5. The hydraulic motor 8 drives the asynchronous generator 11 to rotate through the coupling (the asynchronous generator 11 converts mechanical energy into electrical energy).
6、异步发电机11工作在发电状态，发出的交流电进入第二变频器12内，通过第二变频器12与第一变频器2的共直流母线将电能传递给第一变频器2，在共直流母线上的电为直流电，第一变频器2又将这直流电逆变为可控交流电，驱动异步电动机3。6. The asynchronous generator 11 works in the power generation state, and the alternating current generated enters the second inverter 12, and the electric energy is transmitted to the first inverter 2 through the common DC bus of the second inverter 12 and the first inverter 2. The electricity on the DC bus is direct current, and the first frequency converter 2 inverts the direct current into controllable alternating current to drive the asynchronous motor 3 .
7、第二转速转矩传感器7将液压马达8的转速和转矩反馈给第二变频器12，实现对液压马达8转速和转矩的控制。第二变频器12为直接转矩控制变频器，能够直接改变异步发电机11的转矩，即改变液压马达8的阻力矩，实现了对液压马达8的加载。7. The second rotational speed and torque sensor 7 feeds back the rotational speed and torque of the hydraulic motor 8 to the second frequency converter 12 to control the rotational speed and torque of the hydraulic motor 8 . The second frequency converter 12 is a direct torque control frequency converter, which can directly change the torque of the asynchronous generator 11 , that is, change the resistance torque of the hydraulic motor 8 to realize loading on the hydraulic motor 8 .
通过比例溢流阀74调定系统压力，压力表76可读出当前系统压力，温度计77读出当前油温，流量计78读出液压泵6的流量，马达泄漏流量计711测出液压马达8的泄漏流量，从而获得液压马达8的性能数据。The system pressure is adjusted through the proportional relief valve 74, the pressure gauge 76 can read the current system pressure, the thermometer 77 can read the current oil temperature, the flow meter 78 can read the flow rate of the hydraulic pump 6, and the motor leakage flow meter 711 can measure the hydraulic motor 8 The leakage flow rate of the hydraulic motor 8 can be obtained.
以上所述的工控一和工控二中，当对图1中的液压马达8加载时，液压测试装置的负载会增大，异步电动机3的输入功率会增大，同时，增大液压马达8的负载，即增大异步发电机11的输入转矩，使得异步发电机11的发电功率增大。In the industrial control one and industrial control two mentioned above, when the hydraulic motor 8 in Fig. 1 is loaded, the load of the hydraulic test device will increase, the input power of the asynchronous motor 3 will increase, and at the same time, the power of the hydraulic motor 8 will increase. load, that is, increasing the input torque of the asynchronous generator 11, so that the generated power of the asynchronous generator 11 increases.
根据工控一和工控二所获得的试验数据得出本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台的异步电动机输入功率、液压泵输出功率、液压马达输出功率以及异步发电机发电功率在时间上一一对应，不存在超前或滞后（如图2所示）。本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台的液压系统结构简单，能量传递速度快，近似于时间上的一致。According to the test data obtained by Industrial Control 1 and Industrial Control 2, the input power of the asynchronous motor, the output power of the hydraulic pump, the output power of the hydraulic motor and the power generation power of the asynchronous generator of the present invention are obtained one by one in time. Correspondingly, there is no lead or lag (as shown in Figure 2). The hydraulic system of the hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery of the present invention has simple structure, fast energy transmission speed, and approximate time consistency.
本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台通过增加了能量回收装置，可以避免现有的技术中因加载（加载的时候，会有一部分能量转化为热能）而造成的能量损失，并通过能量回收装置回收加载所用的能量，达到节能的目的，减少了实验平台的发热。The hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery of the present invention can avoid the energy loss caused by loading in the existing technology (when loading, a part of the energy will be converted into heat energy) by adding an energy recovery device, and through energy recovery The device recycles the energy used for loading to achieve the purpose of saving energy and reducing the heat generation of the experimental platform.
本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台通过第二变频器控制异步发电机代替加载马达（即通过第二变频器控制的异步发电机为被测马达加载），同时，将异步发电机产生的交流电通过第二变频器转化为直流电，再通过共直流母线将直流电传递到第一变频器，再由第一变频器将直流电逆变为交流电，供给异步电动机使用。通过这种方式，将以往的加载方式所消耗的能量回收利用，降低本发明的带能量回收液压泵马达试验台中的液压测试装置的发热功率。The hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery of the present invention controls the asynchronous generator through the second frequency converter to replace the loading motor (that is, the asynchronous generator controlled by the second frequency converter loads the motor under test), and at the same time, the asynchronous generator generates The alternating current is converted into direct current through the second frequency converter, and then the direct current is transmitted to the first frequency converter through the common direct current bus, and then the first frequency converter inverts the direct current into alternating current, which is supplied to the asynchronous motor. In this way, the energy consumed by the conventional loading method is recycled, and the heating power of the hydraulic test device in the hydraulic pump motor test bench with energy recovery of the present invention is reduced.
最后，还需要注意的是，以上列举的仅是本发明的一个具体实施例。显然，本发明不限于以上实施例，还可以有许多变形。本领域的普通技术人员能从本发明公开的内容直接导出或联想到的所有变形，均应认为是本发明的保护范围。Finally, it should also be noted that what is listed above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible. All deformations that can be directly derived or associated by those skilled in the art from the content disclosed in the present invention should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN107387494A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-11-24 | 镇江四联机电科技有限公司 | A kind of aggregative model hydraulic test bench |
| CN107401535B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2023-05-05 | 上海电气液压气动有限公司 | Hydraulic motor test bed |
| EP3597934A1 (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2020-01-22 | Dana Italia S.r.L. | Hydraulic circuit |
| CN114087258B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2024-10-01 | 贵州安飞精密制造有限公司 | Hydraulic motor low-speed loading test device and method based on energy recycling |
| CN115111228B (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2025-03-18 | 北京天玛智控科技股份有限公司 | A hydraulic pump loading test system |
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| CN116292513B (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2025-07-15 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | A hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor test system and test method thereof |
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