CN103283035B - Solar tracking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to solar tracking device, particularly, relating to the power reduced for rotating solar battery cell, possessing the solar tracking device of simple structure.More particularly, the solar tracking device of one embodiment of the invention comprises: solar battery cell, and it is assembled and switching energy sunlight; Central shaft, its one end extends upward with the state being fixed on bottom surface, and the other end is combined with described solar battery cell, and with described solar battery cell chain connection, rotate up at the South and the North to make described solar battery cell; And framework, it possesses: be combined with described central shaft, to the first rotation limiting element that the radius of turn of the North and South direction of described solar battery cell limits; And to the second rotation limiting element that the radius of turn of the east-west direction of described solar battery cell limits.

Description

sun tracker

technical field

The present invention relates to a solar tracking device, and in particular, relates to a solar tracking device having a simple structure with reduced power for rotation of solar battery cells.

Background technique

In general, photovoltaic power generation is a technology for converting sunlight into electrical energy, and is a power generation method using a solar cell (solar cell) that generates photoelectromotive force by means of a photoelectric effect when light is irradiated. The general structure of its system consists of the following components: a module composed of solar cells, a storage battery, and a power conversion device. In addition, the types of solar cells include selenium photovoltaic cells and copper sulfite photovoltaic cells utilizing the contact between metal and semiconductor, silicon photovoltaic cells using semiconductor pn junctions, and the like.

Such photovoltaic power generation is a self-generation method that can obtain unlimited clean energy, and has the following advantages: maintenance and repair are easy, and unmanned operation is possible. However, there are problems in that the production efficiency is low compared with thermal power generation using fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum, and that the power generation varies widely depending on the amount of sunlight. In order to solve such a problem, a tracking device that moves the solar panel according to the orbit of the sun has been developed.

In the case of a conventional solar tracking device, a screw jack is provided to connect the rotating part and the solar cell panel, and these members flow integrally to track sunlight. Therefore, the structure is complicated, and it is necessary to move the rotating central shaft and each screw jack simultaneously, and thus a large power is required. Moreover, in order to track sunlight, it is necessary to simultaneously control the rotation angle of the rotating central shaft and the degree of elongation and contraction of each screw jack, so there is a problem that it is difficult to control and perform precise tracking.

In addition, even if the inclination of the solar tracking device is accurately set based on the solar altitude data of the four seasons, an error occurs due to the inclination of the central axis of the solar tracking device, making it difficult to accurately track the sun.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a solar tracking device that simplifies the structure of the tracking device for tracking sunlight and can accurately track sunlight with only a small power and simple control.

Contents of the invention

technical issues

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a solar tracking device capable of accurately tracking sunlight with only a small power and simple control by applying a solar tracking device with a simplified structure. .

In addition, there is also provided a device that can accurately track the height of the sun according to the relative inclination of the gravity direction indicator and the tracking device even if the center axis of the sun tracking device is not accurately level with the ground through the gravity direction indicator. Sun tracking device.

Means to solve technical problems

The solar light tracking device of the present invention is characterized in that it includes: a first frame, which supports a solar cell unit, and the solar cell unit converges sunlight to convert energy; a second frame, which is hingedly connected to the first frame, To make the first frame rotate in the east-west direction; the central shaft, one end of which is fixed on the bottom surface, extends upward, and the other end is combined with the second frame, and is hingedly connected with the solar battery unit, so that the The solar battery unit rotates in the north-south direction; the first rotation limiting unit is arranged on the second frame and the central axis to limit the rotation radius of the first frame in the north-south direction; the second rotation limiting unit is set In the first frame and the second frame, the radius of rotation in the east-west direction of the first frame is limited; and the central axis, one end of which is fixed to the bottom surface and extends upward, and the other end is combined with the second frame, And it is hingedly connected with the solar battery unit, so that the solar battery unit can rotate in the north-south direction.

In this case, the second frame is characterized in that the second frame further includes a gravity direction indicator for indicating the direction of gravity.

In addition, it is characterized in that the gravity direction indicator is composed of the following components: a connection part formed at a hinge joint part between the second frame and the central shaft; a rod, one end of which is connected to the connection part; and A weight hammer is attached to the other end of the rod.

Here, it is characterized in that the first rotation limiting unit is driven by the meshing of the first worm wheel and the first gear, and the second rotation limiting unit is driven by meshing of the second worm wheel and the second gear.

In addition, it is characterized in that the first gear is attached to the second frame along the locus of movement of the solar battery unit rotating in the north-south direction, and the first worm wheel passes through the second frame attached to the central shaft. rotated by a motor.

In addition, it is characterized in that the second gear is attached to the first frame along the locus of movement of the solar cell unit rotating in the east-west direction, and the second worm gear is The second motor rotates.

Moreover, it is characterized in that the point where the other end of the central axis is combined with the second frame is the center of gravity of the solar battery unit and the first frame.

Invention effect

The solar tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention has the following effects:

First, there is no separate rotating part for rotating the solar cell and a screw jack for extending and contracting the solar cell, and the center of gravity of the solar cell is used to rotate the solar cell in the east-west direction and the north-south direction. Structure. Therefore, there is an advantage that the power to operate the equipment is reduced, and it is easier to control compared to the case of simultaneously driving a complicated structure. In addition, since only the rotation angle of the rotation part needs to be controlled, there is an advantage that sunlight can be tracked more accurately than when all the screw jacks and the rotation angle need to be controlled simultaneously.

Second, when the first and second rotation limiting units that rotate the solar cell unit in the east-west direction and north-south direction are realized by means of worm gears, precise control can be performed by adjusting the rotation speed of the worm without reverse rotation Phenomenon. Therefore, it is less affected by the weather conditions of the site where the solar tracking device is installed, and accurate solar tracking can be stably performed.

Third, even if the central axis of the sun tracking device is not perpendicular to the ground, the relative inclination can be used by the gravity direction indicator to accurately track the height of the sun.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the solar tracking device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the solar tracking device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the second frame of the solar tracking device of the present invention.

4 is a side view of the second frame of the solar tracking device of the present invention provided with a gravity direction indicator.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the first frame of the solar tracking device of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a side view of the first frame of the solar tracking device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Generally, the solar tracking device has the following methods: a method of tracking by measuring sunlight with a sensor; a method of rotating according to a pre-input time according to a program; a method of manually driving by a user, and the like. This is because, in order to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation as described above, it is very important to make the solar cell panel track and rotate according to the amount of sunlight. In addition, the rotation methods driven to follow the sunlight are divided into: a single-axis type that rotates in the east-west direction and only performs a diurnal motion; of biaxial.

Hereinafter, a solar tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2, the solar tracking device (100) of the present invention includes: a fixed frame (S); a first frame (110); a central axis (120); a second frame (130); (140); a second rotation limiting unit (150); and a gravity direction indicator (160).

A solar battery unit (not shown) is a device that concentrates sunlight and converts solar energy into other energy. It is generally converted into electrical energy, but depending on the design, it may be directly converted into thermal energy. Therefore, the solar battery unit may be composed of a solar panel for concentrating sunlight, a conversion device for converting energy, and an energy storage device for storing energy, which is the same as usual, so detailed description is omitted. A solar cell converts the energy of sunlight into electrical energy, and generates electricity using two types of semiconductors called P-type semiconductors and N-type semiconductors. When the solar cell is irradiated with light, electrons and holes are generated inside, and the generated charges move to the P and N poles. This phenomenon generates a potential difference (photoelectromotive force) between the P pole and the N pole. At this time, When a load is connected to a solar cell, a current flows, which is called the photoelectric effect. Solar cells are roughly classified into solar cells using a silicon semiconductor as a material and solar cells using a compound semiconductor as a material. In addition, silicon semiconductor-based batteries are further divided into crystalline and amorphous (AMOLFASS).

The fixing frame (S) is a structure for fixing the solar cell unit to the solar tracking device of the present invention, and a general frame can be applied. The fixing frame (S) is formed in a plurality of beams at a predetermined distance apart.

The first frame (110) is a unit for supporting the fixed frame (S), including: a first transverse frame (111), a first longitudinal frame (112), a first rotating shaft (113), a first Reinforcing rod (114) and second gear (153).

A plurality of the first transverse frames (111) are formed in a beam shape at a predetermined distance apart. The first longitudinal frame (112) is formed in plurality in a beam shape at a predetermined distance apart, and is combined with the first transverse frame (111) in a vertical manner. A first rotation shaft (113) is formed at the center of the lower surface of the first longitudinal frame (112), and one end and the first rotation shaft (113) are arranged at both ends of the first rotation shaft (113) A first reinforcement rod (114) connected with the other end connected to the first longitudinal frame (112). The first rotation shaft (113) and the first reinforcing rod (114) may be respectively formed on the first longitudinal frame (112). The second gear (153) is arranged on any one of the first longitudinal frames (112), and the detailed description thereof will be described in the second rotation limiting unit (150) later.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the central shaft (120) serves as a shaft supporting the solar light tracking device (100), and one end extends upward while being fixed to the bottom surface. The other end of the central shaft (120) is combined with the second frame (130), and is preferably hinged so that the solar battery unit rotates in the north-south direction. The joint position of the central axis (120) and the second frame (130) is preferably located at the center of gravity of the fixed frame (S) and the first frame (110) for fixing the solar cell unit. Unlike the conventional structure, in the case of the solar tracking device (100) of the present invention, only a driving device for rotating the solar cell unit is provided, and auxiliary equipment such as a screw jack is not provided. Therefore, the solar battery unit, the fixed frame (S), the first frame (110) and the second frame (130) all pass through the joint of the second frame (130) and the central axis (120). The other end of the central shaft (120) is supported. When the combination position of the central axis (120) and the second frame (130) is selected as the center of gravity of the solar cell unit, the fixed frame (S) and the first frame (110), regardless of the solar energy Regardless of the angle at which the battery unit rotates, the stability of the structure can be maintained. The central shaft (120) is equivalent to supporting the base end of the solar tracking device (100), and thus is preferably formed of a material having sufficient rigidity.

Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the second frame (130) is combined with the central shaft (120), has a first rotation limiting unit (140) and a second rotation limiting unit (150), and can control the solar cell The radius of rotation of the element is limited.

The second frame (130) includes: a rotating frame (135) hingedly connected to the first rotating shaft (113); a first gear (143); connecting one end of the rotating frame (135) to the first gear The inclined frame (133) at one end of (143); the lower frame (134) connecting the other end of the rotating frame (135) and the other end of the first gear (143); connecting the rotating frame (135) with the inclined a frame (133), a horizontal frame (131) provided with a first rotation limiting unit (140); and a vertical frame (132) connecting the inclined frame (133) and the lower frame (134). The vertical frame (131) is composed of a double structure of a first vertical frame (132a) and a second vertical frame (132b), which are respectively fixed to the first, second and third juxtaposed frames (132c, 132d, 132e). The vertical frame (132) is configured as a double structure, thereby strengthening the structural strength of the second frame (130).

The rotating frame (135) is composed of the following components: a second rotating shaft (135a) for hinge connection with a hinge joint (121) formed at one end of the central shaft (120); The main rotating frame (135b) hinged by the shaft (113); the auxiliary rotating frame (135c) for strengthening the structural strength of the rotating frame (135); the second strengthening frame (135d); the truss (135e).

Regarding the first rotation limiting unit (140), various structures may be adopted within the range of limiting the rotation radius of the solar battery unit in the north-south direction. The first rotation limiting unit (140) is related to the annual movement of the sun which differs according to the altitude of the sun in each season, so it is preferable to limit the rotation angle so as to rotate within 60 degrees in consideration of the inclination angle of the earth's axis. FIG. 2 exemplifies the case where the first rotation limiting unit ( 140 ) is formed in the form of a worm gear driven by the first worm gear ( 141 ) through the meshing of the first connecting gear ( 142 ) and the first gear ( 143 ). In the case of this worm gear method, the first gear (142) is preferably installed in such a way that along the rotation trajectory of the solar battery unit moving in the north-south direction, the second frame (130) formed in the circumferential direction. In addition, in the first rotation restricting unit (140), it is sufficient to have a rotation angle within 60 degrees as described above, so the connection point between the central axis (120) and the solar battery unit can be used as the rotation center, The first gear (142) is formed such that the acute angle is within 60 degrees. The first worm wheel (141) is preferably formed to rotate powered by a first motor (M1) installed on the central shaft (120). As mentioned above, in the case where the first rotation limiting unit (140) is installed in the form of a worm gear, the rotation angle can be precisely controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the worm, thus having the advantage of being able to accurately track sunlight . In addition, the worm gear system is stable because it does not reverse.

The second rotation limiting unit (150) may have various configurations within the range of limiting the east-west rotation radius of the solar battery unit. In the case of the second rotation restricting unit (150), only the differences from the first rotation restricting unit (140) will be described. Compared with the first rotation restricting unit (140) restricting the rotation of the solar cell unit in the north-south direction, the second rotation restricting unit (150) restricts the rotation radius of the solar cell unit in the east-west direction. limit. Thus, the second rotation limiting unit (150) is related to the diurnal motion of the sun as it moves from east to west according to the rotation of the earth, so considering the east and west horizons, preferably within about 170 degrees The way the rotation is done limits the angle of rotation. FIG. 2 exemplifies the case where the second rotation limiting unit ( 150 ) is formed in the same manner as the first rotation limiting unit ( 140 ) in the manner of a worm gear. As described above, in the case where the second rotation restricting unit (150) is formed in a worm gear manner, the second gear (153) moves along the rotation locus of the solar cell unit rotating in the east-west direction. And the way of configuration is located in the first frame (110). Therefore, unlike the case where the first gear ( 143 ) is provided horizontally to the second frame ( 130 ), the second gear ( 153 ) can be vertical to the second frame ( 130 ). A way is formed in the first frame (110). The second rotation limiting unit (150) is formed in the form of a worm gear driven by the second worm gear (151) through the meshing of the second connecting gear (152) and the second gear (153). When the second worm gear (151) is powered by the second motor (M2) installed on the second frame (130) to rotate, the second gear (153) is integrated with the first frame (110) rotate in an east-west direction.

At this time, the sun tracking device of the present invention has the following structure in order to accurately track the height of the sun regardless of the inclination between the central axis ( 120 ) and the ground.

Referring to Fig. 4, the gravity direction indicator (160) is arranged on the second frame (130), and indicates the gravity direction, that is, the position perpendicular to the ground surface on the second gear (143). The gravity direction indicator (160) is composed of a connecting part (161), a rod (162) and a weight hammer (163). The connection part (161) is formed on the second rotation shaft (135a) on the second frame (130). Any structure of the rod ( 162 ) is applicable as long as one end is connected to the connecting portion ( 161 ) and the connecting portion ( 161 ) and the weight hammer ( 163 ) are connected in a straight line. The weight hammer (163) is connected to the other end of the rod (162), and a general weight hammer structure can be applied.

With the above-mentioned structure, even if the central axis (120) is not perpendicular to the ground, the point perpendicular to the bottom surface is measured by the gravity direction indicator (160) and indicated on the second gear (143), so it is possible to pass the The relative inclination of the gravity direction indicator (160) and the second gear (143) accurately tracks the height of the sun.

The technical idea should not be limited only to the above-described embodiments of the present invention. Not only the application range is wide, but also various modifications can be made and implemented by those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. Therefore, as long as such improvements and changes are obvious to those skilled in the art, they should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A solar tracking device, characterized in that it comprises: a first frame supporting a solar cell unit that converts energy by concentrating sunlight; a second frame hingedly connected to the first frame to allow the first frame to rotate in an east-west direction; a central shaft, one end of which is fixed to the bottom surface and extends upward, and the other end is hingedly connected to the second frame so that the solar cell unit can rotate in the north-south direction; a first rotation limiting unit, which is arranged on the second frame and the central axis, and limits the rotation radius of the first frame in the north-south direction; and The second rotation limiting unit is provided on the first frame and the second frame, and limits the rotation radius of the first frame in the east-west direction. 2. The solar tracking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second frame is further provided with a gravity direction indicator for indicating the direction of gravity. 3. The solar tracking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gravity direction indicator is composed of: a connection part formed at a hinge joint between the second frame and the central shaft; a rod with one end connected to the connection part; and a weight hammer connected to the Connect the other end of the rod. 4. The solar tracking device according to claim 1, wherein: The first rotation limiting unit is driven by meshing of the first worm wheel with the first gear, and the second rotation limiting unit is driven by meshing of the second worm wheel and the second gear. 5. The solar tracking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first gear is attached to the second frame along a locus of movement of the solar cell rotating in the north-south direction, and the first worm wheel is rotated by a first motor attached to the center shaft. 6. The solar tracking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second gear is attached to the first frame along a movement track of the solar battery cell rotating in an east-west direction, and the second worm wheel is rotated by a second motor attached to the second frame. 7. The solar tracking device of claim 1, wherein: The joint between the central axis and the second frame is the center of gravity of the fixed frame for fixing the solar battery unit and the first frame.