CN103274814B - Alkali-resistant fertilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Alkali-resistant fertilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 182
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- MZILPZDBVFUXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([S])=O Chemical compound [O-][N+]([S])=O MZILPZDBVFUXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 nitro-sulfenyl compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical group OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical group [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002645 boric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000355 copper sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNNCWTXUWKENPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].NC(N)=O Chemical compound [N].NC(N)=O PNNCWTXUWKENPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical group O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-OIOBTWANSA-N zinc-62 Chemical group [62Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-OIOBTWANSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical group [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diammonium sulfite Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])=O PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHKHZGZAXCWQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[K] Chemical compound [N].[K] DHKHZGZAXCWQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfite Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])=O GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010261 calcium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen(.) Chemical compound [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940093928 potassium nitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940093914 potassium sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an alkali-resistant fertilizer as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The alkali-resistant fertilizer comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer returning charge, 10-25 parts of calcium superphosphate and 20-35 parts of fulvic acid. The high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer is powder with a grain size being smaller than 1 millimeter and/or particle with the grain size being larger than 4.75 millimeters, wherein the powder or particle is sieved and separated out from high-tower pelletized compound fertilizer particles in high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer production. The alkali-resistant fertilizer is applicable of planting of inland saline-alkali soil crops and can be applied as a base fertilizer or an additional fertilizer. The invention further provides a co-production method of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer and an alkali-resistant fertilizer. According to the alkali-resistant fertilizer as well as the preparation method and the application thereof disclosed by the invention, the production of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer is combined with the production of the alkali-resistant fertilizer for the inland saline-alkali soil; the preparation is simple; the cost is saved; a phenomenon that the crop growth environment is worsened step by step as fertilizer is applied to the inland saline-alkali soil is reduced; and the utilization rate of the fertilizer nutrients is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer and an alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for inland saline-alkali soil, and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of fertilizer production.
Background
Large areas of inland saline-alkali soil are widely distributed in arid and semiarid regions of China, such as North China plain, inner Mongolia and Ningxia Impulse plain at the downstream of yellow river, inland basins of Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang, Songliaoping plain, etc., and although the salt contents of these inland saline-alkali soil are different, the inland saline-alkali soil has the common characteristic that the soil contains a large amount of inland saline-alkali soilBicarbonate ion (HCO)3 -) The soil is alkaline, and the pH value is 8-9.
The nitrogen fertilizer applied in agricultural production in China is mainly urea and accounts for more than 60 percent of the total consumption of the nitrogen fertilizer. The aqueous solution of urea is alkaline and is first converted to ammonium bicarbonate (NH) after application to the soil4HCO3) Ammonium ions are absorbed by the crop leaving bicarbonate (HCO)3 -) In soils, this causes three problems, one is to increase the pH of the soil and to make the otherwise alkaline soil more serious; secondly, the salt radical ion bicarbonate radical (HCO) in the soil is increased3 -) The content of (a) is not beneficial to the growth of crops; in addition, the ammonia volatilization loss is caused under the alkaline condition, the utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer is reduced, and the environment is polluted. At present, the improvement of inland saline-alkali soil related to high pH value is mainly realized by a chemical improvement method, and the modifier is roughly divided into two types, wherein one type is calcium-containing substances, such as gypsum, phosphogypsum and calcium sulfite; the other is acidic materials, such as black alum, weathered coal, furfural residue and the like, which have good results. However, the most serious disadvantage of applying the soil conditioner is that the chemical substances for repairing the saline-alkali components of the soil, which are produced after the reaction with the chemical substances in the soil, may cause secondary soil pollution. Therefore, it is another approach to improve the saline-alkali soil in inland by adjusting the ionic composition of the fertilizer itself to minimize the influence of the adverse components on the soil. CN1130165A (95110313. X) relates to a horticultural saline-alkali soil improving fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and is mainly prepared by dry mixing natural zeolite, a plurality of acid fertilizers and acid compounds, combining an organic soil improving agent and an inorganic soil improving agent, and improving the physicochemical property of saline-alkali soil by utilizing an acid-base neutralization reaction principle, an ion exchange principle and a salt conversion principle, so that flowers and trees grow in the saline-alkali soil. CN1958527A (200510022006.X) discloses an ammonium sulfite fertilizer which is composed of phosphogypsum and nitrogen fertilizer and/or potassium fertilizer and nitrogen potassium fertilizer according to a certain proportion. The fertilizer has obvious yield increasing effect through field experiments, solves the problem of utilization of waste materials, saves resources, solves the problem of occupation of land by the phosphogypsum waste materials, and improves the pollution to the environment. The product has main effectsIn alkaline soil, the problems that when conventional fertilizers (such as calcium superphosphate) are applied to the alkaline soil, a lot of P2O5 is accumulated in the soil year by year, the soil is rich in phosphorus, and soil hardening and river pollution are caused are solved. CN101066901(200710071997.X) is a special saline-alkali resistant fertilizer for paddy rice, and is suitable for saline-alkali soil in Heilongjiang area. The special fertilizer mainly comprises the following effective components in parts by weight: 10-28% of nitrogen, 5-10% of phosphorus, 5-10% of potassium, 10-25% of sulfur, 1-5% of amino acid, 1-10% of humic acid and 0-5% of medium trace elements. The preparation method comprises the steps of adding clay into the raw materials as a carrier, mechanically mixing uniformly and granulating to obtain the composite material.
The fertilizer mainly utilizes the modifier, such as phosphogypsum, furfural residue and the like, to be matched with nutrients to achieve the purpose of improving the saline-alkali soil of inland, and has no concern about the influence of inorganic fertilizer raw materials and side components generated in the soil on the soil property.
The high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer is one of the main fertilizer varieties in China, and is produced by taking ammonium nitrate as a main nitrogen source and potassium sulfate as a main potassium source and matching with other fertilizer raw materials through a high-tower granulation process. In the production process of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer, about 10 percent of product particles do not meet the product standard, and the materials are returned for granulation, thereby wasting energy and increasing the production cost of the fertilizer.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer for co-producing an alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for inland saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof. About 10% of return materials in the production process of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer are used as the raw materials of the fertilizer, so that the process of remelting the return materials can be omitted.
Description of terms:
high-tower nitro sulfur-based compound fertilizer: the compound fertilizer is one of compound fertilizers produced in China, and is produced by using ammonium nitrate as a main nitrogen source, potassium sulfate as a main potassium source and other fertilizer raw materials through a high tower granulation process by utilizing the principle that ammonium nitrate is quickly crystallized after being melted. The grain diameter of the compound fertilizer particles is 1-4.75mm, which is a qualified product (GB 15063-2009 compound fertilizer national standard).
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the high-tower nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer is used for co-producing an alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for inland saline-alkali soil, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
40-70 parts of high-tower nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer return material, 10-25 parts of calcium superphosphate and 20-35 parts of fulvic acid.
The high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer return material is powder with the particle size of less than 1mm and/or particles with the particle size of more than 4.75mm, which are separated by screening from high-tower granulated compound fertilizer particles in the production process of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer.
The high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer is prepared by granulating compound fertilizer raw materials of a nitrogenous fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potash fertilizer, a trace element fertilizer and a filler in a high tower, wherein the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer, the trace element fertilizer and the filler are mixed according to the proportion of 450-600: 70-120: 200-300: 6-12: 40-65, and the nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium nitrate; the phosphate fertilizer is one or the combination of monopotassium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate and superphosphate; the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate or a combination of potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate; the microelement fertilizer is selected from one or the combination of zinc sulfate, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, copper sulfate and manganese sulfate; the filling material is one or the combination of zeolite powder and bentonite.
According to the invention, the phosphorus fertilizer in the raw material of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer is preferably calcium superphosphate containing 14-18 wt% of phosphorus pentoxide.
According to the invention, preferably, the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer is used for co-producing the alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for inland saline-alkali soil, and the raw materials in parts by mass are as follows: 45-55 parts of high-tower nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer return material, 18-22 parts of calcium superphosphate and 28-32 parts of fulvic acid.
According to the invention, most preferably, the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer is used for co-producing the alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for inland saline-alkali soil, and the raw materials in parts by mass are as follows: 50 parts of high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer return material, 20 parts of calcium superphosphate and 30 parts of fulvic acid.
According to the invention, the preparation method of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer for co-producing the alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for inland saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
(1) a high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer is prepared through proportionally mixing N fertilizer, P fertilizer, K fertilizer, trace-element fertilizer and filler, heating for fusing, rotary spraying the fused slurry from top of tower to granulating tower, introducing air to bottom of tower, and slowly dropping the slurry from top of tower to bottom of tower under the action of the airflow resistance.
(2) Screening the granulated material, and taking the material with the grain size of 1-4.75mm as a high-tower nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer product; large particles with the particle size of more than 4.75mm and fine powder with the particle size of less than 1mm, namely the return material of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer.
(3) And (3) taking the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer return material and the calcium superphosphate obtained in the step (2) according to the proportion, adding the return material and the calcium superphosphate into a hopper of a crusher for crushing, adding fulvic acid, and granulating to obtain the alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for the inland saline-alkali soil.
According to the invention, in the step (1), the preferable formula of the nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer raw materials in parts by mass is as follows:
500 parts of ammonium nitrate, 80 parts of calcium superphosphate, 250 parts of potassium sulfate, 100 parts of potassium nitrate, 8 parts of zinc sulfate and 62 parts of bentonite.
The invention relates to a high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer which is applied to the application of alkali-resistant fertilizers suitable for inland saline-alkali soil as base fertilizers or additional fertilizers, and the method comprises the following steps:
as base fertilizer, the fertilizer is evenly spread on the ground before the crops are sowed or transplanted, and then is turned over and buried. Fertilizer dosage: the total amount of pure nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide is reduced to 25-35 kg per mu. Or,
and (3) topdressing, furrow application (or hole application) is carried out, the depth is 3-5 cm, and the total amount of the pure nitrogen, the phosphorus pentoxide and the potassium oxide is 15-25 kg per mu.
The invention has the technical characteristics that: the invention combines the production of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer with the production of the fertilizer for inland saline-alkali soil, utilizes the return material generated in the production process of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer to be directly used as one part of the raw materials of the fertilizer, and then is matched with calcium superphosphate and fulvic acid acidic raw materials to be crushed and granulated to obtain the fertilizer. The fertilizer has simple preparation method, saves production cost, reduces the phenomenon that the crop growth environment is further deteriorated due to fertilizer application of inland saline-alkali soil, and has high fertilizer nutrient utilization rate and obvious yield increase effect. Tests show that the method achieves good effect.
The invention has the following excellent effects:
1. effectively improving the inland saline-alkali soil obstacle factors
The main obstacle factors of the saline-alkali soil in inland against the growth of crops are high pH and many salt ions, wherein the main ions are HCO3 -. More than 60 percent of nitrogen fertilizer applied in agricultural production in China is urea which can be decomposed into ammonium bicarbonate (NH) in soil in a short period4HCO3) The pH value of the soil is increased, on one hand, the soil is not beneficial to the growth of crops, on the other hand, the fertilizer nitrogen is volatilized and lost, the utilization efficiency is reduced, and HCO is absorbed and utilized along with the nitrogen3 -Remain in the soil, increase the total salt content of the soil and further deteriorate the soil properties. The invention selects ammonium nitrate as nitrogen source, which can effectively improve the further aggravation of the original obstacle factors caused by applying urea nitrogen fertilizer to the inland saline-alkali soil and is beneficial to the good growth of crops.
2. Fully utilizing high tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer return material
In the production process of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer, about 10 percent of product particles do not meet the product standard, and the materials are returned for granulation. Wasting manpower and material resources and increasing the production cost of the fertilizer. The components of the returned material do not contain urea, and the fertilizer conforms to the composition characteristics of the fertilizer, so that the fertilizer is directly used for producing the fertilizer for inland saline-alkali soil, the production cost of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer is saved, the processes of storing, unpacking, feeding and the like of the raw materials in the early stage of the fertilizer are reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
3. Quick fertilizer efficiency
The high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer takes ammonium nitrate as a main nitrogen source, wherein ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen are nitrogen ions directly absorbed by crops, and the nitrogen ions are quickly absorbed by the crops after being applied to soil, so that the fertilizer efficiency is quick. In early spring, the soil has poor microbial activity, the urea nitrogen fertilizer has low conversion rate, and nitrate nitrogen plays an important role in improving the growth rate of crops in seedling stage and enhancing the saline-alkali resistance.
4. Is beneficial to the absorption of the nutrient by the crops and has good yield increasing effect
The fertilizer improves the growth environment of crops in the aspects of reducing the pH value of soil and reducing the content of salt ions, and the fertilizer raw materials of calcium superphosphate and fulvic acid are acidic substances, so that fertilizer particles are applied to the soil to keep local acidic conditions, thereby being beneficial to the absorption of the crops on nutrients and having good yield-increasing effect.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by, but not limited to, the following examples. In the examples, the raw materials are used in parts by mass, and all percentages are by mass. Wherein, ammonium nitrate, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, monopotassium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, fulvic acid, bentonite and zeolite powder are all commercially available products. Wherein, fulvic acid is produced by chatting heaven materials, Inc. The superphosphate contained 16wt% of phosphorus pentoxide.
Example 1: the high-tower nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer is used for co-producing an alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for inland saline-alkali soil, and comprises the following raw materials:
50 kg of high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer return material, 20 kg of calcium superphosphate and 30 kg of fulvic acid.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) 500 kg of ammonium nitrate, 80 kg of calcium superphosphate, 250 kg of potassium sulfate, 100 kg of potassium nitrate, 8 kg of zinc sulfate and 62 kg of bentonite are taken, heated and melted according to the prior art, and are granulated in a high tower.
(2) Screening the materials granulated in the step (1), and taking the materials with the grain size of 1-4.75mm as a high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer product; large particles with the particle size of more than 4.75mm and fine powder with the particle size of less than 1mm are used as returning materials of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer.
(3) And (3) adding 50 kg of high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer return materials and 20 kg of calcium superphosphate in the step (2) into a hopper of a crusher for crushing, and mixing and granulating with 30 kg of fulvic acid to obtain the alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for the inland saline-alkali soil.
Example 2: the high-tower nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer is used for co-producing an alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for inland saline-alkali soil, and comprises the following raw materials:
70 kg of high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer return material, 10 kg of calcium superphosphate and 20 kg of fulvic acid.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) 550 kg of ammonium nitrate, 120 kg of diammonium phosphate, 280 kg of potassium sulfate, 6 kg of zinc sulfate, 3 kg of boric acid and 41 kg of zeolite powder are taken, heated and melted according to the prior art, and granulated in a high tower.
(2) Screening the materials granulated in the step (1), and taking the materials with the grain size of 1-4.75mm as a high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer product; large particles with the particle size of more than 4.75mm and fine powder with the particle size of less than 1mm are used as returning materials of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer.
(3) And (3) adding 70 kg of high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer return materials in the step (2) and 10 kg of calcium superphosphate into a hopper of a crusher for crushing, and granulating with 20 kg of fulvic acid to obtain the alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for the inland saline-alkali soil.
Example 3: the high-tower nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer is used for co-producing an alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for inland saline-alkali soil, and comprises the following raw materials:
60 kg of high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer return material, 15 kg of calcium superphosphate and 25 kg of fulvic acid.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 600 kg of ammonium nitrate, 100 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 200 kg of potassium sulfate, 40 kg of potassium nitrate, 10 kg of zinc sulfate, 2 kg of ammonium molybdate and 48 kg of bentonite, heating and melting according to the prior art, and granulating in a high tower.
(2) Screening the materials granulated in the step (1), and taking the materials with the grain size of 1-4.75mm as a high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer product; large particles with the particle size of more than 4.75mm and fine powder with the particle size of less than 1mm are used as returning materials of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer.
(3) And (3) adding 60 kg of high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer return materials in the step (2) and 15 kg of calcium superphosphate into a hopper of a crusher for crushing, and granulating with 25 kg of fulvic acid to obtain the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer.
Example 4: the high-tower nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer is used for co-producing an alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for inland saline-alkali soil, and comprises the following raw materials:
46 kg of high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer return material, 22 kg of calcium superphosphate and 32 kg of fulvic acid.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) 530 kg of ammonium nitrate, 100 kg of calcium superphosphate, 300 kg of potassium sulfate, 12 kg of zinc sulfate, 30 kg of bentonite and 28 kg of zeolite powder are taken, heated and melted according to the prior art, and granulated by a high tower.
(2) Screening the materials granulated in the step (1), and taking the materials with the grain size of 1-4.75mm as a high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer product; large particles with the particle size of more than 4.75mm and fine powder with the particle size of less than 1mm are used as returning materials of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer.
(3) And (3) adding 46 kg of high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer return material in the step (2) and 22 kg of calcium superphosphate into a crusher hopper for crushing, and granulating together with 32 kg of fulvic acid to obtain the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer.
Comparative example:
in the common nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the mass contents of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide are respectively 15wt%, 15wt% and 15wt%, and the raw material nitrogen fertilizer is urea which is purchased from the market.
The application effects of the above examples 1-4 and comparative examples are as follows:
test site: test farms of the ecological engineering limited of Jing Zheng of Jing jin in Shandong province.
Test time: month 4 to month 10 2012.
Test work: cotton, variety, luzhou cotton research No. 21.
The potting is adopted, and the soil is from inland saline-alkali soil of Aksu City of autonomous region of Xinjiang. Assuming that the examples 1 to 4 and the comparative example are 5 treatments in total, each treatment is 10 pots. The fertilizer used in examples 1 to 4 and the fertilizer used in the comparative example were the same, and the total amount of pure nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide was 5 g/kg soil. The fertilizing method is that the fertilizer is evenly mixed with all the soil before cotton seeding. Soil pH and HCO were measured in two separate runs 48 hours after fertilizer application and after cotton harvest3 -Ion, average of two times. Calculating yield increasing efficiency after cotton is harvested; other management measures are the same. The application effect is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 application test results of examples 1 to 4 compared with comparative examples
The inventionFertilizer | Increase the yield% | Reduction of soil pH | Soil HCO3 -Reduction of% |
Example 1 | 8.2 | 0.4 | 4.3 |
Example 2 | 5.9 | 0.3 | 3.9 |
Example 3 | 6.2 | 0.2 | 3.7 |
Example 4 | 7.3 | 0.5 | 3.4 |
Claims (6)
1. The combined production of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer and the alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for inland saline-alkali soil is characterized in that the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by mass: 40-70 parts of high-tower nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer return material, 10-25 parts of calcium superphosphate and 20-35 parts of fulvic acid;
the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer return material is powder with the particle size of less than 1mm and/or particles with the particle size of more than 4.75mm, which are separated by screening from fertilizer particles granulated in a high tower in the production of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer; wherein,
the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer is prepared by granulating compound fertilizer raw materials of a nitrogenous fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potash fertilizer, a trace element fertilizer and a filler in a high tower, wherein the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer, the trace element fertilizer and the filler are mixed according to the proportion of 450-600: 70-120: 200-300: 6-12: 40-65, and the nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium nitrate; the phosphate fertilizer is one or the combination of monopotassium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate and superphosphate; the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate or a combination of potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate; the microelement fertilizer is selected from one or the combination of zinc sulfate, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, copper sulfate and manganese sulfate; the filling material is one or the combination of zeolite powder and bentonite.
2. The alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for inland saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the phosphorus fertilizer in the raw material of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer is selected from calcium superphosphate containing 14-18 wt% of phosphorus pentoxide.
3. The alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for inland saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that the fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 45-55 parts of high-tower nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer return material, 18-22 parts of calcium superphosphate and 28-32 parts of fulvic acid.
4. The alkali-resistant fertilizer suitable for inland saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that the fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50 parts of high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer return material, 20 parts of calcium superphosphate and 30 parts of fulvic acid.
5. The preparation method for co-producing the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer suitable for the inland saline-alkali soil according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the production of high tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer comprises mixing, heating and melting compound fertilizer raw materials of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, trace element fertilizer and filling material according to a proportion, spirally spraying the melted slurry from the top of a granulation high tower into a granulation tower, feeding air into the tower bottom, and slowly dropping the slurry to the tower bottom under the action of ascending airflow resistance in the process of dropping the slurry from the tower top to complete granulation;
(2) screening the granulated material, and taking the material with the grain size of 1-4.75mm as a high-tower compound fertilizer product; large particles with the particle size of more than 4.75mm and fine powder with the particle size of less than 1mm, namely high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer returning materials;
(3) and (3) taking the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer return material in the step (2) and calcium superphosphate according to a proportion, adding the calcium superphosphate into a hopper of a crusher, crushing, adding fulvic acid, and granulating to obtain the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer.
6. The application of the high-tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer to the co-production of the alkali-resistant fertilizer applicable to the inland saline-alkali soil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 is as follows:
as base fertilizer, uniformly spreading on the ground before seeding or transplanting the crops, and then ploughing and burying; fertilizer dosage: the total amount of pure nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide is converted into 25-35 kg per mu; or,
and (3) topdressing, furrow application or hole application is carried out, the depth is 3-5 cm, and the total amount of the pure nitrogen, the phosphorus pentoxide and the potassium oxide is 15-25 kg per mu.
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CN101817703A (en) * | 2010-03-13 | 2010-09-01 | 李金伟 | Compound fertilizer |
CN101948353A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2011-01-19 | 张彦超 | Organic/inorganic salt and alkali resistant long-acting corn fertilizer |
AU2010200443A1 (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2011-08-25 | Nu-Edge Solutions Australia Pty Ltd | Fertiliser formulation |
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ES8606972A3 (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-05-16 | Philopatent Sa | Liq. fertiliser prodn. |
AU2010200443A1 (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2011-08-25 | Nu-Edge Solutions Australia Pty Ltd | Fertiliser formulation |
CN101817703A (en) * | 2010-03-13 | 2010-09-01 | 李金伟 | Compound fertilizer |
CN101948353A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2011-01-19 | 张彦超 | Organic/inorganic salt and alkali resistant long-acting corn fertilizer |
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