CN103255151B - Coded sequence CVN (Cyanovirin-N) mutant with high expression quantity and high activity and application of coded sequence - Google Patents
Coded sequence CVN (Cyanovirin-N) mutant with high expression quantity and high activity and application of coded sequence Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种表达量高和活性强的CVN突变体的编码序列及其应用。该编码序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。该编码序列用于CVN突变体,包括如下步骤:将上述编码核苷酸序列克隆到表达载体上,得到重组载体;将重组载体转化到宿主细胞中进行表达,纯化,得到表达量高和活性强的CVN突变体。该编码序列显著促进了CVN在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达,CVN突变体在大肠杆菌中可溶性表达的量显著高于野生型CVN。此外,由该编码序列得到的CVN突变体的体外抗流感病毒活性要好于野生型CVN,说明通过翻译暂停理论对蛋白质编码核苷酸序列理性设计和优化,不仅能够提高CVN的表达量,更为重要的是显著促进CVN可溶性表达,得到生物活性更好的CVN蛋白。
The invention discloses a coding sequence of a CVN mutant with high expression and strong activity and application thereof. The coding sequence is shown as SEQ ID NO.1. The coding sequence is used for CVN mutants, including the following steps: cloning the above-mentioned coding nucleotide sequence into an expression vector to obtain a recombinant vector; transforming the recombinant vector into a host cell for expression and purification to obtain a high expression amount and strong activity CVN mutants. The coding sequence significantly promotes the soluble expression of CVN in Escherichia coli, and the amount of soluble expression of the CVN mutant in Escherichia coli is significantly higher than that of the wild-type CVN. In addition, the in vitro anti-influenza virus activity of the CVN mutant obtained from the coding sequence is better than that of the wild-type CVN, indicating that the rational design and optimization of the protein-coding nucleotide sequence through the translation pause theory can not only increase the expression of CVN, but also The important thing is to significantly promote the soluble expression of CVN to obtain CVN protein with better biological activity.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于生物医药领域,具体涉及一种表达量高和活性强的CVN突变体的编码序列及其应用。The invention belongs to the field of biomedicine, and specifically relates to a coding sequence of a CVN mutant with high expression and strong activity and application thereof.
背景技术Background technique
蓝藻抗病毒蛋白N(cyanovirin-N,CVN)是Boyd等1997年在蓝藻中发现的一种抗病毒蛋白,能特异、高亲合性地结合与病毒表面衣壳蛋白gp120上的甘露寡糖结合,阻止病毒与宿主细胞表面的受体结合,并阻止病毒在感染细胞和正常细胞之间的传播,这一特点使它可以不受病毒变异的干扰,不易引起耐药性。CVN蛋白低浓度(0.1~36.8nM)能有效抑制HIV感染免疫细胞,高浓度(45~400nM)对正常细胞无直接的毒副作用。Cyanovirin-N (CVN) is an antiviral protein discovered in cyanobacteria by Boyd et al. in 1997. It can bind specifically and with high affinity to mannan oligosaccharides on the viral surface capsid protein gp120 , prevent the virus from binding to receptors on the surface of host cells, and prevent the spread of the virus between infected cells and normal cells. This feature makes it immune to virus mutation and is less likely to cause drug resistance. Low concentration of CVN protein (0.1-36.8nM) can effectively inhibit HIV infection of immune cells, and high concentration (45-400nM) has no direct toxic and side effects on normal cells.
除HIV外,CVN对流感病毒、疱疹病毒和副流感病毒等都有拮抗作用,是一种作用广谱、高效、非常有应用价值的抗病毒候选药物,备受关注。但是,CVN的大规模制备一直是限制其应用的瓶颈技术。目前报道CVN在大肠杆菌中都是以包涵体形式表达,受到表达量低、产物不均一、错误修饰等多种因素限制(Mori,T.,Gustafson,K.R.,Recombinant Production of Cyanovirin-N,a PotentHuman Immunodeficiency Virus-Inactivating Protein Derived from a CulturedCyanobacterium.Protein Expression and Purification,1998,151-158);也有人尝试在转基因植物中表达CVN,但是没有建立可实施的纯化工艺(Sexton,A.,Drake,P.M.,Mahmood,Transgenic plant production of Cyanovirin-N,an HIV microbicide.2006,Vol.20pp.356-358)。In addition to HIV, CVN has antagonistic effects on influenza virus, herpes virus and parainfluenza virus, etc. It is a broad-spectrum, highly effective, and very valuable antiviral candidate drug that has attracted much attention. However, the large-scale preparation of CVN has been a bottleneck technology that limits its application. It is currently reported that CVN is expressed in the form of inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli, which is limited by various factors such as low expression, heterogeneous products, and incorrect modification (Mori, T., Gustafson, K.R., Recombinant Production of Cyanovirin-N, a Potent Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Inactivating Protein Derived from a Cultured Cyanobacterium. Protein Expression and Purification, 1998, 151-158); Some people also try to express CVN in transgenic plants, but no practical purification process has been established (Sexton, A., Drake, P.M., Mahmood, Transgenic plant production of Cyanovirin-N, an HIV microbicide. 2006, Vol. 20pp. 356-358).
传统生化理论“安芬森原则”认为,蛋白质的折叠信息由其氨基酸序列在一定环境下唯一决定(Taniuchi H.,D.R.Davies,and C.B.Anfinsen,A comparisonof the x-ray diffraction patterns of crystals of reconstituted nuclease-T and of nativestaphylococcal nuclease.J Biol Chem,1972.247(10):p.3362-4)。但本发明人的研究指出,这一传统理论有误。不同的DNA虽然可以翻译成同样的氨基酸,蛋白质生成的速度(翻译速度)并非恒定,在某些区段上会比较缓慢,这种现象称为翻译暂停(translational pausing或translational attenuation)翻译暂停位点与蛋白质折叠高度相关,若翻译暂停位点不正确,该慢的地方快了,或者该快的地方慢了,都将导致蛋白质错误折叠聚集,无法得到有功能的可溶性蛋白。也就是说,蛋白质空间构象不仅由氨基酸的序列决定,也由核苷酸序列决定。(Zhang G.,M.Hubalewska,and Z.Ignatova,Transient ribosomal attenuationcoordinates protein synthesis and co-translational folding.Nat Struct Mol Biol,2009.16(3):p.274-80.;Zhang G.and Z.Ignatova,Folding at the birth of the nascentchain:coordinating translation with co-translational folding.Curr Opin Struct Biol,2011.21(1):p.25-31.)。这一理论适用于蛋白组中绝大部分蛋白质(Zhang,G.andZ.Ignatova,Generic algorithm to predict the speed of translational elongation:implications for protein biogenesis.PLoS One,2009.4(4):p.e5036.;Fedyunin,I.,et al.,tRNA concentration fine tunes protein solubility.FEBS Lett,2012.586(19):p.3336-40.)。The traditional biochemical theory "Anfinsen Principle" believes that the folding information of a protein is uniquely determined by its amino acid sequence in a certain environment (Taniuchi H., D.R. Davies, and C.B. Anfinsen, A comparison of the x-ray diffraction patterns of crystals of reconstituted nucleus -T and of nativestaphylococcal nuclease.J Biol Chem,1972.247(10):p.3362-4). But the inventor's research points out that this traditional theory is wrong. Although different DNA can be translated into the same amino acid, the speed of protein production (translation speed) is not constant, and it will be slower in some segments. This phenomenon is called translational pause (translational pause or translational attenuation) translation pause site It is highly related to protein folding. If the translation pause site is incorrect, the place that should be slow is fast, or the place that should be fast is slow, it will cause protein misfolding and aggregation, and functional soluble proteins cannot be obtained. That is to say, the protein spatial conformation is determined not only by the amino acid sequence, but also by the nucleotide sequence. (Zhang G., M.Hubalewska, and Z. Ignatova, Transient ribosomal attenuation coordinates protein synthesis and co-translational folding. Nat Struct Mol Biol, 2009.16(3): p.274-80.; Zhang G. and Z. Ignatova, Folding at the birth of the nascentchain: coordinating translation with co-translational folding. Curr Opin Struct Biol, 2011.21(1): p.25-31.). This theory is applicable to most proteins in the proteome (Zhang, G. and Z. Ignatova, Generic algorithm to predict the speed of translational elongation: implications for protein biogenesis. PLoS One, 2009.4 (4): p.e5036.; Fedyunin , I., et al., tRNA concentration fine tunes protein solubility. FEBS Lett, 2012.586(19):p.3336-40.).
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的首要目的在于克服现有技术的缺点与不足,提供一种表达量高和活性强的CVN突变体的编码序列。The primary purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a coding sequence of a CVN mutant with high expression and strong activity.
本发明的另一目的在于提供通过上述编码序列得到的CVN突变体。Another object of the present invention is to provide a CVN mutant obtained through the above coding sequence.
本发明的再一目的在于提供所述的表达量高和活性强的CVN突变体的应用。Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of the CVN mutant with high expression and strong activity.
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现:一种表达量高和活性强的CVN突变体的编码序列,如下所示:The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a coding sequence of a CVN mutant with high expression and strong activity is as follows:
CTTGGTAAATTCTCCCAGACCTGCTACAACTCCGCTATCCAGGGTTCTGTTCTGACCTCTACCTGCGAACGTACCAACGGTGGTTACAACACCTCCTCTATCGACCTGAACTCCGTTATCGAAAACGTTGACGGTTCTCTGAAATGGCAGCCGTCTAACTTCATCGAAACCTGCCGTAACACCCAGCTGGCTGGTTCCTCTGAACTGGCTGCTGAATGCAAAACCCGTGCTCAGCAGTTCGTTTCTACCAAAATCAACCTAGACGACCATATAGCTAACATAGACGGTACACTAAAATACGAA。CTTGGTAAATTCTCCCAGACCTGCTACAACTCCGCTATCCAGGGTTCTGTTCTGACCTCTACCTGCGAACGTACCAACGGTGGTTACAACACCTCCTCTATCGACCTGAACTCCGTTATCGAAAACGTTGACGGTTCTCTGAAATGGCAGCCGTCTAACTTCATCGAAACCTGCCGTAACACCCAGCTGGCTGGTTCCTCTGAACTGGCTGCTGAATGCAAAACCCGTGCTCAGCAGTTCGTTTCTACCAAAATCAACCTAGACGACCATATAGCTAACATAGACGGTACACTAAAATACGAA。
一种表达量高和活性强的CVN突变体,由上述编码序列制备得到;A CVN mutant with high expression and strong activity, prepared from the above coding sequence;
所述的的表达量高和活性强的CVN突变体,通过如下方法制备得到:将上述编码序列克隆到表达载体上,得到重组载体;将重组载体转化到宿主细胞中进行表达,纯化,得到表达量高和活性强的CVN突变体;The CVN mutant with high expression and strong activity is prepared by the following method: cloning the above coding sequence into an expression vector to obtain a recombinant vector; transforming the recombinant vector into a host cell for expression, purification, and expression CVN mutant with high amount and strong activity;
所述的表达载体优选为pET-28b;The expression vector is preferably pET-28b;
所述的宿主细胞优选为大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)BL21(DE3);The host cell is preferably Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3);
所述的表达量高和活性强的CVN突变体的编码序列在制备CVN突变体中的应用,包含如下步骤:The application of the coding sequence of the CVN mutant with high expression and strong activity in the preparation of the CVN mutant comprises the following steps:
(1)设计如下的引物:(1) Design the following primers:
F-sumo:5’-GGAATTCCATATGGGCATGTCGGACTCAGAAGTC-3’;F-sumo: 5'-GGAATTCCATATGGGCATGTCGGACTCAGAAGTC-3';
R-CVN:5’-TTCCGCGGCCGCTATGGCCGACGTCGACTTCGTATTTCAGGGTACCGTC-3’;R-CVN: 5'-TTCCGCGGCCGCTATGGCCGACGTCGACTTCGTATTTCAGGGTACCGTC-3';
F1-mutant:5’-GACGACCACATCGCTAACATAGACGGTACACTAAAATACGAATGATGAGTCGAC-3’;F1-mutant: 5'-GACGACCACATCGCTAACATAGACGGTACACTAAAATACGAATGATGAGTCGAC-3';
R1-mutant:5’-GTCGACTCATCATTCGTATTTTAGTGTACCGTCTATGTTAGCGATGTGGTCGTC-3’;R1-mutant: 5'-GTCGACTCATCATTCGTATTTTAGTGTACCGTCTATGTTAGCGATGTGGTCGTC-3';
(2)第一次PCR扩增:以pET-3c-SUMO-CVN质粒为模板,以F-sumo/R-CVN为引物进行PCR扩增,得到的PCR产物纯化后使用NdeI和SalI双酶切;将双酶切后的PCR产物与经过NdeI和SalI双酶切的载体pET-28b,连接;连接产物转化大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)DH5α感受态细胞,筛选,得到重组载体pET-28b-CVN;(2) The first PCR amplification: use the pET-3c-SUMO-CVN plasmid as a template, and use F-sumo/R-CVN as primers for PCR amplification. After purification, the obtained PCR product is digested with NdeI and SalI ; Ligate the PCR product after double digestion with the vector pET-28b that has been digested with NdeI and SalI; transform the ligated product into Escherichia coli DH5α competent cells, and screen to obtain the recombinant vector pET-28b-CVN;
(3)第二次PCR扩增:以pET-28b-CVN为PCR扩增模板,(3) The second PCR amplification: using pET-28b-CVN as the PCR amplification template,
F1-mutant/R1-mutant为引物进行PCR扩增,得到的PCR产物纯化经DpnI酶切,cycle pure Kit试剂盒纯化的酶切产物直接转化大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞,筛选,得到重组载体pET-28b-CVN-M1;F1-mutant/R1-mutant was used as primers for PCR amplification, and the obtained PCR products were purified and digested with DpnI, and the digested products purified by the cycle pure Kit kit were directly transformed into Escherichia coli DH5α competent cells and screened to obtain the recombinant vector pET- 28b-CVN-M1;
(4)诱导表达:将重组载体pET-28b-CVN-M1转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),得到表达菌株;接着使用含有卡那霉素的LB培养基对该表达菌株于37℃、180~200rpm的条件下进行培养,在OD600=0.8时,加入IPTG,IPTG的终浓度为1mM,37℃诱导表达4h后,收集菌体;(4) Induced expression: Transform the recombinant vector pET-28b-CVN-M1 into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) to obtain an expression strain; then use LB medium containing kanamycin to incubate the expression strain at 37°C, 180~ Cultivate under the condition of 200rpm, when OD 600 =0.8, add IPTG, the final concentration of IPTG is 1mM, induce expression at 37°C for 4h, and collect the bacteria;
(5)纯化:将菌体沉淀按体积比1:10比例重新悬浮于NTA-10缓冲液后对菌体进行破碎,离心,收集上清;上清上样Ni-NTA亲和层析柱中,首先使用NTA-10缓冲液洗回基线,再用NTA-40缓冲液洗杂蛋白,最后用NTA-200缓冲液洗脱,得到目的蛋白CVN突变体;其中,NTA-10缓冲液的组成为20mmol/LTris-HCl、pH8.0+0.15mol/L NaCl+10mmol/L咪唑,NTA-40缓冲液的组成为20mmol/L Tris-HCl、pH8.0+0.15mol/L NaCl+40mmol/L咪唑,NTA-200缓冲液的组成为20mmol/L Tris-HCl、pH8.0+0.15mol/L NaCl+200mmol/L咪唑;(5) Purification: Resuspend the bacterial cell pellet in NTA-10 buffer at a ratio of 1:10 by volume, crush the bacterial cell, centrifuge, and collect the supernatant; apply the supernatant to a Ni-NTA affinity chromatography column , first use NTA-10 buffer to wash back to the baseline, then use NTA-40 buffer to wash the impurity protein, and finally use NTA-200 buffer to elute to obtain the target protein CVN mutant; wherein, the composition of NTA-10 buffer is 20mmol/L Tris-HCl, pH8.0+0.15mol/L NaCl+10mmol/L imidazole, the composition of NTA-40 buffer is 20mmol/L Tris-HCl, pH8.0+0.15mol/L NaCl+40mmol/L imidazole , the composition of NTA-200 buffer is 20mmol/L Tris-HCl, pH8.0+0.15mol/L NaCl+200mmol/L imidazole;
步骤(2)中所述的PCR条件优选为94℃预变性3min;94变性1min、退火至55℃保持1min、68℃延伸2min,进行28个循环;68℃延伸5min;The PCR conditions described in step (2) are preferably pre-denaturation at 94°C for 3 minutes; denaturation at 94°C for 1 minute, annealing at 55°C for 1 minute, extension at 68°C for 2 minutes, and 28 cycles; extension at 68°C for 5 minutes;
步骤(3)中所述的PCR条件优选为94℃预变性3min;94变性1min、退火至55℃保持1min、68℃延伸12min,进行18个循环;68℃延伸5min;The PCR conditions described in step (3) are preferably pre-denaturation at 94°C for 3 minutes; denaturation at 94°C for 1 minute, annealing at 55°C for 1 minute, extension at 68°C for 12 minutes, and 18 cycles; extension at 68°C for 5 minutes;
步骤(4)中所述的卡那霉素在LB培养基中的终浓度优选为50mg/L;The final concentration of kanamycin in the LB medium described in step (4) is preferably 50mg/L;
步骤(5)中所述的离心的条件优选为4℃、25000g、30min;The centrifugation conditions described in step (5) are preferably 4°C, 25000g, 30min;
所述的表达量高和活性强的CVN突变体在制备预防和/或治疗抗病毒药物中的应用;Application of the CVN mutant with high expression and strong activity in the preparation of antiviral drugs for prevention and/or treatment;
所述的病毒指的是流感病毒或艾滋病毒。Said virus refers to influenza virus or HIV.
本发明的创新性在于根据蛋白质结构域和翻译暂停之间的关系,利用翻译暂停理论对CVN的核苷酸序列进行合理优化和设计,在CVN的结构域中引入翻译暂停位点,构建了CVN的突变体,促进了CVN在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达,最终纯化出了重组蓝藻抗病毒蛋白;并通过抗流感病毒实验证明了所制备的重组蛋白具有良好的抗病毒活性。The innovation of the present invention lies in the rational optimization and design of the nucleotide sequence of CVN by using the theory of translation pause according to the relationship between protein structure domain and translation pause, and the introduction of translation pause site into the domain of CVN to construct CVN The mutants promoted the soluble expression of CVN in Escherichia coli, and finally purified the recombinant cyanobacteria antiviral protein; and the anti-influenza virus experiment proved that the prepared recombinant protein had good antiviral activity.
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下的优点及效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1)本发明提供的编码CVN突变体的核苷酸序列提高了CVN在大肠杆菌中的表达水平;特别是促进CVN在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达,CVN突变体在大肠杆菌中可溶性表达的量显著高于CVN。(1) The nucleotide sequence encoding the CVN mutant provided by the present invention improves the expression level of CVN in Escherichia coli; especially promotes the soluble expression of CVN in Escherichia coli, and the amount of soluble expression of CVN mutant in Escherichia coli Significantly higher than CVN.
(2)本发明提供的CVN突变体的体外抗流感病毒活性要好于CVN。说明通过翻译暂停理论对蛋白质核苷酸序列理性设计和优化,不仅能够提高CVN的表达量,更为重要的是显著促进CVN可溶性表达,得到生物活性更好的CVN蛋白。(2) The in vitro anti-influenza virus activity of the CVN mutant provided by the present invention is better than that of CVN. It shows that the rational design and optimization of protein nucleotide sequence through translation pause theory can not only increase the expression of CVN, but more importantly, significantly promote the soluble expression of CVN, and obtain CVN protein with better biological activity.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是CVN-M1翻译暂停曲线图;1是蓝线,2是红线。Figure 1 is a graph of the CVN-M1 translation pause; 1 is the blue line and 2 is the red line.
图2是CVN及其突变体的可溶性表达分析图;其中,图(a)为SDS-PAGE图,箭头所示即是CVN目的蛋白条带;图(b)是Western blot图,仅检测CVN;泳道M为蛋白Marker,单位为KDa;泳道1是未诱导表达的CVN-BL21;泳道2是诱导表达的CVN-BL21;泳道3是诱导表达的CVN-M1-BL21。Figure 2 is the soluble expression analysis chart of CVN and its mutants; among them, picture (a) is an SDS-PAGE picture, and the arrow shows the target protein band of CVN; picture (b) is a Western blot picture, only CVN is detected; Lane M is the protein marker, the unit is KDa; lane 1 is the uninduced expression of CVN-BL21; lane 2 is the induced expression of CVN-BL21; lane 3 is the induced expression of CVN-M1-BL21.
图3是CVN及其突变体蛋白纯化后的SDS-PAGE图,泳道M为蛋白Marker,单位为KDa,箭头所示即是CVN目的蛋白条带。Figure 3 is the SDS-PAGE image of CVN and its mutant proteins after purification. Lane M is the protein marker, the unit is KDa, and the arrow shows the target protein band of CVN.
图4是CVN及其突变体抗人流感病毒A/HK/8/68(H3N2)的活性结果图,纵坐标为抑制病毒的百分比,柱状图越高说明对病毒抑制效果越好。Fig. 4 is a graph showing the activity results of CVN and its mutants against human influenza virus A/HK/8/68 (H3N2). The vertical axis is the percentage of virus inhibition. The higher the bar graph, the better the virus inhibition effect.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
本发明实施例涉及的主要材料如下:宿主菌大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)(Merck)、质粒pET-28b(Merck)、pET3c-SUMO-CVN(本实验室构建,已在专利号为ZL200810198926.0、名称为“重组蓝藻抗病毒蛋白的制备方法及应用”公开详细制备过程,目前最简单的方法为直接通过测序公司合成SUMO-CVN融合序列,连入pET3c载体即可得到pET3c-SUMO-CVN);pfu mix酶、限制性内切酶NdeⅠ、SalI、DpnI、预染蛋白Marker购自Fermentas公司,引物由华大基因科技有限公司合成;Ni SepharoseTM6Fast Flow购自GE公司,四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)购自美国SIGMA公司。其它试剂均为分析纯试剂。NTA-10缓冲液(20mmol/L Tris-HCl、pH8.0+0.15mol/L NaCl+10mmol/L咪唑),NTA-40缓冲液(20mmol/L Tris-HCl、pH8.0+0.15mol/L NaCl+40mmol/L咪唑),NTA-200缓冲液(20mmol/L Tris-HCl、pH8.0+0.15mol/L NaCl+200mmol/L咪唑)。The main materials involved in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: host bacteria Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) (Merck), plasmid pET-28b (Merck), pET3c-SUMO-CVN (constructed in this laboratory, and patent No. ZL200810198926.0, The title is "Preparation Method and Application of Recombinant Cyanobacterial Antiviral Protein" to disclose the detailed preparation process. At present, the simplest method is to directly synthesize the SUMO-CVN fusion sequence through the sequencing company, and connect it to the pET3c vector to obtain pET3c-SUMO-CVN); pfu mix enzyme, restriction endonuclease NdeI, SalI, DpnI, and prestained protein Marker were purchased from Fermentas Company, and primers were synthesized by Huada Gene Technology Co., Ltd.; Ni Sepharose TM 6Fast Flow was purchased from GE Company, and tetramethylazoazole Salt (MTT) was purchased from SIGMA, USA. All other reagents were of analytical grade. NTA-10 buffer (20mmol/L Tris-HCl, pH8.0+0.15mol/L NaCl+10mmol/L imidazole), NTA-40 buffer (20mmol/L Tris-HCl, pH8.0+0.15mol/L NaCl+40mmol/L imidazole), NTA-200 buffer (20mmol/L Tris-HCl, pH8.0+0.15mol/L NaCl+200mmol/L imidazole).
实施例1CVN密码子优化及表达载体构建Example 1 CVN codon optimization and expression vector construction
利用翻译暂停理论,对编码CVN蛋白的核苷酸序列进行优化,合理设计翻译暂停位点,利用突变PCR技术对CVN的核苷酸序列进行同义突变。Using the translation pause theory, optimize the nucleotide sequence encoding CVN protein, rationally design the translation pause site, and carry out synonymous mutations on the nucleotide sequence of CVN by mutation PCR technology.
CVN蛋白的编码核苷酸序列如下:The coding nucleotide sequence of CVN protein is as follows:
CTTGGTAAATTCTCCCAGACCTGCTACAACTCCGCTATCCAGGGTTCTGTTCTGACCTCTACCTGCGAACGTACCAACGGTGGTTACAACACCTCCTCTATCGACCTGAACTCCGTTATCGAAAACGTTGACGGTTCTCTGAAATGGCAGCCGTCTAACTTCATCGAAACCTGCCGTAACACCCAGCTGGCTGGTTCCTCTGAACTGGCTGCTGAATGCAAAACCCGTGCTCAGCAGTTCGTTTCTACCAAAATCAACCTGGACGACCACATCGCTAACATAGACGGTACACTAAAATACGAA。CTTGGTAAATTCTCCCAGACCTGCTACAACTCCGCTATCCAGGGTTCTGTTCTGACCTCTACCTGCGAACGTACCAACGGTGGTTACAACACCTCCTCTATCGACCTGAACTCCGTTATCGAAAACGTTGACGGTTCTCTGAAATGGCAGCCGTCTAACTTCATCGAAACCTGCCGTAACACCCAGCTGGCTGGTTCCTCTGAACTGGCTGCTGAATGCAAAACCCGTGCTCAGCAGTTCGTTTCTACCAAAATCAACCTGGACGACCACATCGCTAACATAGACGGTACACTAAAATACGAA。
(1)通过翻译暂停理论设计编码CVN突变体的核苷酸序列,在不改变CVN氨基酸序列的情况下,将CVN最后20个密码子中翻译速度较快的密码子(ATC、ACC、CTG)替换成翻译速度较慢的密码子(ATA、ACA、CTA),以制造翻译暂停位点(RiboTempo软件计算确定,http://bioinformatics.jnu.edu.cn/software/ribotempo),突变体经RiboTempo软件计算得到的翻译暂停曲线分别如图1所示,翻译暂停曲线红线在预定的区域(最后20个密码子)形成了翻译暂停位点(红线低于蓝线),符合要求。设计得到的编码CVN突变体的核苷酸序列如下:(1) Design the nucleotide sequence encoding the CVN mutant through the theory of translation pause, without changing the amino acid sequence of CVN, the codons (ATC, ACC, CTG) that translate faster in the last 20 codons of CVN Replaced with slower translation codons (ATA, ACA, CTA) to create translation pause sites (calculated by RiboTempo software, http://bioinformatics.jnu.edu.cn/software/ribotempo), the mutants were processed by RiboTempo The translation pause curves calculated by the software are shown in Figure 1. The red line of the translation pause curve forms a translation pause site in the predetermined region (the last 20 codons) (the red line is lower than the blue line), which meets the requirements. The designed nucleotide sequence encoding the CVN mutant is as follows:
突变体1(CVN-M1)的编码核苷酸序列:The coding nucleotide sequence of mutant 1 (CVN-M1):
CTTGGTAAATTCTCCCAGACCTGCTACAACTCCGCTATCCAGGGTTCTGTTCTGACCTCTACCTGCGAACGTACCAACGGTGGTTACAACACCTCCTCTATCGACCTGAACTCCGTTATCGAAAACGTTGACGGTTCTCTGAAATGGCAGCCGTCTAACTTCATCGAAACCTGCCGTAACACCCAGCTGGCTGGTTCCTCTGAACTGGCTGCTGAATGCAAAACCCGTGCTCAGCAGTTCGTTTCTACCAAAATCAACCTAGACGACCATATAGCTAACATAGACGGTACACTAAAATACGAA。CTTGGTAAATTCTCCCAGACCTGCTACAACTCCGCTATCCAGGGTTCTGTTCTGACCTCTACCTGCGAACGTACCAACGGTGGTTACAACACCTCCTCTATCGACCTGAACTCCGTTATCGAAAACGTTGACGGTTCTCTGAAATGGCAGCCGTCTAACTTCATCGAAACCTGCCGTAACACCCAGCTGGCTGGTTCCTCTGAACTGGCTGCTGAATGCAAAACCCGTGCTCAGCAGTTCGTTTCTACCAAAATCAACCTAGACGACCATATAGCTAACATAGACGGTACACTAAAATACGAA。
针对于突变体1(CVN-M1)的编码核苷酸序列,设计的突变PCR引物如下:For the coding nucleotide sequence of mutant 1 (CVN-M1), the mutant PCR primers designed are as follows:
F1-mutant:5’-GACGACCACATCGCTAACATAGACGGTACACTAAAATACGAATGATGAGTCGAC-3’;F1-mutant: 5'-GACGACCACATCGCTAACATAGACGGTACACTAAAATACGAATGATGAGTCGAC-3';
R1-mutant:5’-GTCGACTCATCATTCGTATTTTAGTGTACCGTCTATGTTAGCGATGTGGTCGTC-3’。R1- mu t an t: 5'-GTCGACTCATCATTCGTATTTTAGTGTACCGTCTATGTTAGCGATGTGGTCGTC-3'.
(2)构建pET-28b-CVN的表达质粒(2) Construct the expression plasmid of pET-28b-CVN
以pET-3c-SUMO-CVN质粒为PCR扩增模板,F-sumo/R-CVN为引物进行PCR扩增,扩增体系为:引物(10μmol/L)各2μL,pfu mix25μL,模板1μL,灭菌超纯水20μL;扩增条件为:反应混合物94℃预变性3min;94变性1min、退火至55℃保持1min、68℃延伸2min,进行28个循环;68℃延伸5min。Use pET-3c-SUMO-CVN plasmid as PCR amplification template, and F-sumo/R-CVN as primers for PCR amplification. The amplification system is: 2 μL of each primer (10 μmol/L), 25 μL of pfu mix, 1 μL of template, and Bacterial ultrapure water 20 μL; amplification conditions: the reaction mixture was pre-denatured at 94°C for 3 minutes; denatured at 94°C for 1 minute, annealed to 55°C for 1 minute, extended at 68°C for 2 minutes, and performed 28 cycles; extended at 68°C for 5 minutes.
F-sumo:5’-GGAATTCCATATGGGCATGTCGGACTCAGAAGTC-3’F-sumo: 5'-GGAATTCCATATGGGCATGTCGGACTCAGAAGTC-3'
R-CVN:5’-TTCCGCGGCCGCTATGGCCGACGTCGACTTCGTATTTCAGGGTACCGTC-3’。R-CVN: 5'-TTCCGCGGCCGCTATGGCCGACGTCGACTTCGTATTTCAGGGTACCGTC-3'.
将得到的PCR产物使用DNA纯化试剂盒(OMEGA)回收,得到纯化后的PCR产物和质粒pET-28b分别用NdeI和SalI双酶切(10×Fastdigest buffer,37℃水浴30min),酶切产物进行质量体积比1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳,回收酶切产物,用T4DNA连接酶(按说明书推荐标准体系配制反应体系),16℃连接过夜,把这两个酶切产物连接起来,构建成重组质粒pET-28b-CVN。重组质粒转化大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞(Merck),涂布于含有50μg/mL卡那霉素的LB平板,37℃培养过夜,将筛选得到的阳性克隆送华大基因科技股份有限公司测序,得到符合预期设计的CVN克隆pET-28b-CVN。The obtained PCR product was recovered using a DNA purification kit (OMEGA), and the purified PCR product and plasmid pET-28b were digested with NdeI and SalI respectively (10×Fastdigest buffer, 37°C water bath for 30min), and the digested product was processed Mass volume ratio 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, recover the digested product, use T4 DNA ligase (reaction system prepared according to the standard system recommended by the manual), connect at 16°C overnight, connect the two digested products, and construct a recombinant plasmid pET-28b-CVN. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli DH5α competent cells (Merck), spread on LB plates containing 50 μg/mL kanamycin, and cultured at 37°C overnight, and the positive clones obtained by screening were sent to Huada Gene Technology Co., Ltd. for sequencing, and obtained The CVN clone pET-28b-CVN conforming to the expected design.
(3)表达CVN突变体的重组载体的构建(3) Construction of recombinant vectors expressing CVN mutants
目的基因的获得:以pET-28b-CVN为PCR扩增模板,F1-mutant/R1-mutant为引物进行PCR扩增,扩增体系为:引物各2μL,pfu mix25μL,模板1μL,灭菌超纯水19μL;扩增条件为:反应混合物94℃预变性3min;94变性1min、退火至55℃保持1min、68℃延伸12min,进行18个循环;68℃延伸5min。Obtaining the target gene: pET-28b-CVN was used as PCR amplification template, and F1-mutant/R1-mutant was used as primers for PCR amplification. The amplification system was: 2 μL of each primer, 25 μL of pfu mix, 1 μL of template, sterilized ultrapure 19 μL of water; amplification conditions: the reaction mixture was pre-denatured at 94°C for 3 minutes; denatured at 94°C for 1 minute, annealed at 55°C for 1 minute, extended at 68°C for 12 minutes, and performed 18 cycles; extended at 68°C for 5 minutes.
将得到的PCR产物使用DNA纯化试剂盒(OMEGA)回收,得到纯化后的PCR产物经DpnI酶切,cycle pure Kit试剂盒(OMEGA)纯化的酶切产物直接转化大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞(Merck),涂布含有50μg/mL卡那霉素的LB平板,将筛选得到的阳性克隆送华大基因科技股份有限公司测序,得到符合预期设计的含有编码CVN突变体1核苷酸序列的克隆,为pET-28b-CVN-M1。The obtained PCR product was recovered using a DNA purification kit (OMEGA), and the purified PCR product was digested with DpnI, and the digested product purified by the cycle pure Kit kit (OMEGA) was directly transformed into Escherichia coli DH5α competent cells (Merck) , spread LB plates containing 50 μg/mL kanamycin, and send the screened positive clones to Huada Gene Technology Co., Ltd. for sequencing, and obtain clones containing the nucleotide sequence encoding CVN mutant 1 that meet the expected design. pET-28b-CVN-M1.
实施例2Example 2
(1)表达菌株的制备:(1) Preparation of expression strains:
①大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞的制备:制备过程详见《分子克隆实验指南》第三版;[美]J.莎姆布鲁克著,黄培堂译。① Preparation of Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) competent cells: For the preparation process, refer to the third edition of "Molecular Cloning Experiment Guide"; [US] J. Sambrook, translated by Huang Peitang.
②将表达载体pET-28b-CVN和pET-28b-CVN-M1分别转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞:转化过程详见《分子克隆实验指南》第三版;[美]J.莎姆布鲁克著,黄培堂译。②Transform the expression vectors pET-28b-CVN and pET-28b-CVN-M1 into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) competent cells: see the third edition of "Molecular Cloning Experiment Guide" for details of the transformation process; [US] J. Sha Written by Mbruk, translated by Huang Peitang.
(2)CVN及其突变体诱导表达和可溶性分析(2) Induced expression and solubility analysis of CVN and its mutants
①将步骤(1)得到的表达菌株CVN-BL21和CVN-M1-BL21分别接种到20mL含50μg/mL卡那霉素含量的LB培养基中,37℃、180rpm培养,当OD600=0.8时,加IPTG,终浓度为1mM,37℃诱导表达4h后,分别测定OD600,保证CVN及其突变体收菌时的体积×OD600的值是相同的,5000g、4℃离心10min收集菌体。菌体用20mmol/L Tris-HCl(pH8.0,0.15mol/L NaCl)缓冲液重悬,高压(1000bar)均质破碎细胞,18000g、4℃离心30min,上清和沉淀分别留样待后续的SDS-PAGE电泳(5%浓缩胶、12%分离胶)及Western blot分析。① Inoculate the expression strains CVN-BL21 and CVN-M1-BL21 obtained in step (1) into 20 mL of LB medium containing 50 μg/mL kanamycin, culture at 37 °C and 180 rpm, when OD 600 =0.8 , add IPTG, the final concentration is 1mM, after inducing expression at 37°C for 4 hours, measure the OD 600 respectively to ensure that the volume × OD 600 of CVN and its mutants are the same, and collect the cells by centrifugation at 5000g and 4°C for 10 minutes . The bacteria were resuspended with 20mmol/L Tris-HCl (pH8.0, 0.15mol/L NaCl) buffer, the cells were homogeneously broken under high pressure (1000bar), centrifuged at 18000g, 4°C for 30min, and the supernatant and sediment were reserved for subsequent SDS-PAGE electrophoresis (5% stacking gel, 12% separating gel) and Western blot analysis.
BCA试剂盒(碧云天生物技术有限公司)测定CVN及其突变体菌体破碎离心上清中总蛋白含量,保证蛋白上样量相同,western blot(实验步骤见《精编分子生物学实验指南》第五版;(美)奥斯伯主编,金由辛译)分析上清中CVN蛋白的含量。结果表明(图2),CVN突变体可溶性表达的量显著高于CVN。BCA kit (Beiyuntian Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) was used to determine the total protein content in the centrifuged supernatant of crushed CVN and its mutants, to ensure the same amount of protein loading, western blot (for the experimental steps, see "Refined Molecular Biology Experiment Guide" Fifth Edition; (US) Osper editor-in-chief, translated by Jin Youxin) Analysis of CVN protein content in supernatant. The results showed (Fig. 2), the amount of soluble expression of CVN mutant was significantly higher than that of CVN.
(3)CVN及其突变体摇瓶发酵和纯化(3) Shake flask fermentation and purification of CVN and its mutants
将步骤(1)得到的表达菌株CVN-BL21、CVN-M1-BL21分别接种到1L、卡那霉素含量为50μg/mL的LB培养基中,按前述的表达条件进行摇瓶发酵并诱导。4℃、6000×g、10min离心收集菌体,然后将菌体沉淀按体积比1:10比例重新悬浮于NTA-10缓冲液,高压(1000bar)均质破碎细胞。4℃、25000×g、30min离心收集上清。The expression strains CVN-BL21 and CVN-M1-BL21 obtained in step (1) were respectively inoculated into 1 L LB medium with a kanamycin content of 50 μg/mL, and shake flask fermentation and induction were carried out according to the aforementioned expression conditions. Collect the cells by centrifugation at 4°C, 6000×g, and 10 min, then resuspend the cell pellet in NTA-10 buffer at a volume ratio of 1:10, and break the cells homogeneously under high pressure (1000 bar). Collect the supernatant by centrifugation at 4°C, 25000×g, 30min.
上清上样至柱床体积为20mL的Ni-NTA亲和层析柱中,流速0.6mL/min,NTA-10缓冲液洗回基线,流速为1mL/min,NTA-40缓冲液洗杂蛋白,NTA-200缓冲液洗脱目的蛋白;纯化后的CVN蛋白经Sephadex G-25分子筛脱咪唑以及3KDa的超滤管浓缩,SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定纯化的CVN蛋白的纯度。Load the supernatant to a Ni-NTA affinity chromatography column with a column bed volume of 20mL at a flow rate of 0.6mL/min, wash back to baseline with NTA-10 buffer, and wash impurities at a flow rate of 1mL/min with NTA-40 buffer , the target protein was eluted with NTA-200 buffer; the purified CVN protein was concentrated by Sephadex G-25 molecular sieve deimidazole and 3KDa ultrafiltration tube, and the purity of the purified CVN protein was identified by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis.
根据CVN蛋白质结构域和翻译暂停之间的关系,CVN结构域中引入翻译暂停的CVN突变体,在37℃条件下诱导表达之后从菌体破碎离心上清中可以用Western blot检测出CVN突变体蛋白(图2b)。未经优化的天然序列CVN由于可溶性表达的量极低,经纯化获得CVN蛋白的量极低,以至于不能用考马斯亮蓝染色检测到;而优化过后的CVN突变体(图3中的标识为CVN-M1)虽然没有氨基酸序列变化,却可以纯化出大量CVN蛋白(图3)。这说明通过在CVN结构域中合理引入翻译暂停位点来降低CVN的翻译速度,促进CVN的可溶性表达是切实可行的。According to the relationship between the CVN protein domain and the translation pause, the CVN mutant with translation pause introduced into the CVN domain can be detected by Western blot from the broken centrifuged supernatant of the bacteria after induction of expression at 37°C protein (Fig. 2b). Due to the extremely low amount of soluble expression of unoptimized native sequence CVN, the amount of CVN protein obtained after purification is extremely low, so that it cannot be detected by Coomassie brilliant blue staining; while the optimized CVN mutant (identified as CVN-M1) Although there is no amino acid sequence change, a large amount of CVN protein can be purified (Figure 3). This shows that it is feasible to promote soluble expression of CVN by rationally introducing translation pause sites in the CVN domain to reduce the translation rate of CVN.
实施例3Example 3
CVN抗流感病毒A/HK/8/68(H3N2)活性研究Study on Anti-Influenza Virus A/HK/8/68(H3N2) Activity of CVN
狗肾上皮细胞MDCK细胞(美国ATCC)经质量体积比0.25%的胰酶溶液消化后,以2.5×105细胞/孔加入96孔细胞培养板中(MEM培养基,含有体积百分比10%的小牛血清),待细胞长成单层后弃生长液,用维持液(MEM培养基,不含小牛血清)分别将药物CVN蛋白(实验室保存,可按公开号为CN101638435、名称为“一种蓝藻病毒蛋白N突变体,其修饰衍生物及应用”公开的步骤进行制备)及实施例2纯化得到的CVN突变体蛋白稀释成6个系列浓度(100、50、25、12.5、6.25、3.125μM),每个稀释度设3个复孔,同时设正常细胞对照组,阳性药物(利巴韦林)对照组,37℃、5%CO2培养箱内培养48h,每天观察细胞的变化,MTT法测各孔细胞OD值,计算半数中毒浓度TC50。Dog kidney epithelial cells MDCK cells (ATCC, USA) were digested with 0.25% mass-volume trypsin solution, and added to 96-well cell culture plates at 2.5×10 5 cells/well (MEM medium, containing 10% volume percentage of small After the cells grow into a monolayer, discard the growth solution, and use the maintenance solution (MEM medium, not containing calf serum) to separate the drug CVN protein (preserved in the laboratory, according to the publication number CN101638435, named "one A kind of cyanobacterial virus protein N mutant, its modified derivatives and application "prepared by the disclosed steps) and the CVN mutant protein purified in Example 2 were diluted into 6 serial concentrations (100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125 μM), set 3 replicate wells for each dilution, set normal cell control group, positive drug (ribavirin) control group, culture in 37°C, 5% CO 2 incubator for 48h, observe the changes of cells every day, The OD value of cells in each well was measured by MTT method, and the half toxic concentration TC50 was calculated.
在无毒浓度范围内(TC50>50μM)将药物稀释成不同浓度,取药物稀释液各50μL,人流感毒株A/HK/8/68(H3N2)(ATCC公司,Influenza A virus(H3N2),ATCCVR-1679TM))的病毒稀释液(100TCID50)50μL混合后直接加到单层MDCK细胞上,每个浓度3个复孔,设阳性药物组,病毒对照组,阴性对照组。置于37℃、5%CO2,培养48h后,加10μL浓度为5mg/mL的MTT溶液,继续培养4h,小心吸弃上清液,每孔加100μL DMSO避光摇床放置15min,酶标仪(Bio-Rad550)读取OD值,测量波长490nm,参考波长630nm。Dilute the drug into different concentrations within the non-toxic concentration range (TC50>50 μM), take 50 μL of each drug dilution, human influenza strain A/HK/8/68 (H3N2) (ATCC company, Influenza A virus (H3N2), ATCC VR-1679 TM )) 50 μL virus dilution solution (100TCID50) was mixed and directly added to the monolayer MDCK cells, with 3 replicate wells for each concentration, and a positive drug group, a virus control group, and a negative control group were set. Place at 37°C, 5% CO 2 , cultivate for 48 hours, add 10 μL of MTT solution with a concentration of 5 mg/mL, continue to cultivate for 4 hours, carefully discard the supernatant, add 100 μL DMSO to each well, and place on a shaker in the dark for 15 minutes. The instrument (Bio-Rad550) reads the OD value, the measurement wavelength is 490nm, and the reference wavelength is 630nm.
计算各药物浓度下的抑制率%=(OD药物组-OD病毒对照组)/(OD细胞对照组-OD病毒对照组)。Calculate the inhibition rate % at each drug concentration = (OD drug group - OD virus control group) / (OD cell control group - OD virus control group).
CVN及其突变体抗流感病毒H3N2活性结果(图4)表明:CVN及其突变体对人流感毒株A/HK/8/68(H3N2)有显著的抑制作用,并且CVN突变体对人流感毒株A/HK/8/68(H3N2)的抑制作用优于CVN,这说明利用利用蛋白质结构域和翻译暂停的关系,在蛋白质结构域中合理引入翻译暂停,并且利用翻译暂停理论对CVN核苷酸序列进行重新设计和优化,不仅可以促进CVN的可溶性表达,而且可以得到活性更好的CVN蛋白。The results of anti-influenza virus H3N2 activity of CVN and its mutants (Figure 4) show that: CVN and its mutants have significant inhibitory effect on human influenza strain A/HK/8/68 (H3N2), and CVN mutants have significant inhibitory effect on human influenza virus The inhibitory effect of strain A/HK/8/68(H3N2) was better than that of CVN, which indicated that the relationship between protein domains and translation pauses was used to rationally introduce translation pauses in protein domains, and the theory of translation pauses was used to control the core of CVN. The redesign and optimization of the nucleotide sequence can not only promote the soluble expression of CVN, but also obtain CVN protein with better activity.
综上所述,本发明构建的CVN突变体,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中表达成功,并且可溶性表达的量显著高于CVN;克服了CVN易形成包涵体,纯化困难等缺点。CVN及其突变体抗人流感毒株A/HK/8/68(H3N2)活性结果表明:CVN突变体的活性要好于CVN。In summary, the CVN mutant constructed by the present invention was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), and the amount of soluble expression was significantly higher than that of CVN; it overcomes the disadvantages of easy formation of inclusion bodies and difficult purification of CVN. The anti-human influenza A/HK/8/68 (H3N2) activity results of CVN and its mutants showed that the activity of CVN mutants was better than that of CVN.
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, Simplifications should be equivalent replacement methods, and all are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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