CN103252515B - A kind of long excircle of barrel-shaped parts Special Fixture for Machining - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a machining fixture, which discloses a special fixture for the outer circle processing of long cylindrical parts. The two ends of the mandrel are symmetrically installed with guide sleeves, taper sleeves and lock nuts from the inside to the outside. The guide sleeves are large and small. The small end of the guide sleeve is fixed on the mandrel by a set screw, the sleeve at the large end of the guide sleeve is provided with a through hole, and the top block is placed in the through hole; the outer end of the top block is an arc surface and a groove is set, and the inner end A conical surface is provided, and the cone of the taper sleeve abuts on the conical surface of the top block; an annular spring is installed in the groove around the top block. On the basis of axial clamping, the present invention increases the top block to radially clamp the workpiece, the outer circle of the workpiece will not move radially, and the centering accuracy is high; the matching design of the guide sleeve and the taper sleeve and the added shaft sleeve can facilitate The centering clamping is adjusted according to the length and inner hole of the long tube parts, which improves the versatility of the long tube part outer circle processing fixture.

Description

A special fixture for cylindrical processing of long cylindrical parts

technical field

The invention relates to a machining fixture, in particular to a special fixture for machining the outer circle of long cylinder parts.

Background technique

Cylindrical grinding and turning of long cylindrical parts usually use the mandrel + support ring to position and clamp the inner hole. The clamping structure of the mandrel + support ring used in the past is mostly one-to-one fixed: that is, long cylindrical parts with one length specification and inner hole can only be configured with one mandrel + support ring fixture according to the part design. Cylindrical grinding and turning of long cylindrical parts with different lengths and inner holes requires different corresponding mandrel + support ring fixtures, which makes an enterprise need to configure a lot of mandrel + support ring fixtures, which are large in number and inconvenient to manage , increased fixtures, high processing costs. Simultaneously, in order to assemble and disassemble the mandrel, the mandrel supporting ring needs to have a certain clearance with the inner hole of the long tube. A large gap affects the centering accuracy, and a small gap is inconvenient to assemble and disassemble the mandrel. Even if holes of the same size are affected by dimensional tolerances, the clearance is difficult to control. Another way of positioning and clamping is to use tapered sleeves for positioning and clamping at the two ports of the inner circle of long cylindrical parts. This positioning and clamping method will affect the quality of parts processing due to the accuracy of the contact between the two ports. Therefore, the above In both ways, even if the holes of the same size are affected by the size tolerance, it is difficult to control the machining accuracy.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to improve the centering accuracy of cylindrical grinding and turning machining of long tube parts, and improve the versatility of fixtures.

The present invention adopts the following technical scheme, a special fixture for cylindrical processing of long cylindrical parts, including a mandrel, characterized in that the two ends of the mandrel are symmetrically installed with guide sleeves, taper sleeves and lock nuts in turn from inside to outside , the guide sleeve has a large and small end structure, the small end of the guide sleeve is fixedly connected with the mandrel through a set screw, and at least one set of through holes are symmetrically arranged on the sleeve of the large end of the guide sleeve, and the top block is placed in the through hole; the outer end of the top block is The arc surface is radially provided with grooves, and the inner end is arranged as a tapered surface, which matches with the cone of the taper sleeve; the groove of the top block is surrounded by an annular spring.

A shaft sleeve is arranged between the taper sleeve and the lock nut.

When the present invention is used, a mandrel of a long cylindrical part is first selected according to the length of the workpiece. If the mandrel is too long to be clamped, a shaft sleeve of corresponding length is provided between the lock nut and the taper sleeve. Adjust the corresponding position of the guide sleeve on the mandrel according to the length of the workpiece, and fix it with a set screw; loosen the lock nut, pull the taper sleeve outward, and the top block shrinks inward under the action of the ring spring, when the top block Shrink to be smaller than the hole diameter of the workpiece, put the mandrel into the hole of the workpiece, and then push the taper sleeve inward. Lift the top block to support the inner hole of the workpiece, and then tighten the lock nut to complete the centering clamping. When disassembling the mandrel, loosen the nut and pull the taper sleeve, and the mandrel can be easily taken out.

The advantage of the present invention is that the original supporting ring is designed as a guide sleeve and a taper sleeve, and on the basis of axial clamping, the top block is added to radially tighten the workpiece, and the outer circle of the workpiece will not move radially, and the centering High precision; the matching design of guide sleeve and taper sleeve, and the added shaft sleeve can easily adjust the centering clamping according to the length and inner hole of long tube parts, no longer need one-to-one fixed, which improves the long tube type The versatility of the tooling and fixture for the outer circle processing of parts.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in Fig. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the guide sleeve 3 in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the combination of the mandrel 1 , the taper sleeve 2 and the top block 4 .

In the figure: 1. Mandrel, 2. Taper sleeve, 3. Guide sleeve, 4. Top block, 5. Lock nut, 6. Ring spring, 7. Set screw, 8. Long tube workpiece, 9. Shaft sleeve .

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Referring to Figures 1 to 4, a special fixture for cylindrical processing of long cylindrical parts, including a mandrel 1, is characterized in that the two ends of the mandrel 1 are symmetrical The guide sleeve 3, the tapered sleeve 2 and the lock nut 5 are installed sequentially from the inside to the outside. The guide sleeve 3 has a large and small end structure. The small end of the guide sleeve 3 is fixedly connected with the mandrel 1 through the set screw 7. At least one group of through holes is arranged symmetrically on the cylinder, and the top block 4 is placed in the through holes; Cooperate; the groove of top block 4 is surrounded by annular spring 6 .

A shaft sleeve 9 is installed between the taper sleeve 2 and the lock nut 5 .

Embodiment: A preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, a special fixture for cylindrical processing of long cylindrical parts is composed of the following components, the mandrel 1 is one piece, the shaft sleeve 9, The taper sleeve 2 and the guide sleeve 3 are respectively two pieces, the top block 4 is eight pieces, the annular spring 6 is two pieces, the set screw 7 is eight pieces, and the lock nut 5 is four pieces. The guide sleeve 3 has a large and small end structure, and its small end is fixed on the mandrel 1 by four set screws 7. At least one set of through holes is symmetrically provided on the large end sleeve of the guide sleeve 3. In this embodiment, two groups of four through holes are symmetrically arranged. through hole. The top block 4 is installed in the through hole, the outer end of the top block 4 is an arc surface, the inner end of the top block 4 is provided with a tapered surface, the outer end of the arc surface is also radially provided with grooves, and the inner end of the tapered surface faces The mandrel 1 is installed, and the tapered surface of the top block 4 is in contact with the tapered surface of the taper sleeve 2 . The annular spring 6 is stuck in the grooves of the four top blocks 4, and the top blocks 4 installed in the four through holes of the guide sleeve 3 are stuck, and the outer end mandrel 1 of the tapered sleeve 2 is equipped with a lock nut 5, The taper sleeve 2 is adjusted by the lock nut 5 to make the top block 4 move in the through hole. Through the taper sleeve 2 moving on the mandrel 1, the top block 4 is raised and lowered, thereby tightening the inner hole of the long tube workpiece 8, so as to realize the purpose of convenient assembly and disassembly of the long tube workpiece 8. When the present invention is used, first select a mandrel 1 of a long tube part according to the length of the long tube workpiece 8, if the mandrel 1 is too long and does not have clamping, then a shaft sleeve 9 of corresponding length is installed on the lock nut 5 and between the taper sleeve 2, to ensure that the top block 4 can push against the inner holes at the two ends of the long tube workpiece 8.

The use method of the present invention is as follows: first adjust the position of the guide sleeve 3 according to the length of the long tube workpiece 8, and fix it with the mandrel 1 with the set screw 7; put the mandrel 1 into the hole of the long tube workpiece 8, and then Push the taper 2 inwards. Make the top block 4 rise to support the inner hole of the long tube workpiece 8, and then tighten the lock nut 5 to complete the centering clamping. When disassembling the mandrel 1, loosen the lock nut 5 and pull the taper sleeve 2, and then the mandrel 1 can be easily taken out.

The invention solves the defects of mandrel clamping in the traditional structure. A mandrel plus a shaft sleeve can clamp various long cylindrical parts with a certain length and inner hole size, and has high centering precision and convenient assembly and disassembly.

Claims (2)

1. A special fixture for cylindrical processing of long cylindrical parts, including a mandrel, characterized in that the two ends of the mandrel are symmetrically installed with guide sleeves, taper sleeves and lock nuts from the inside to the outside, and the guide sleeves are large and small The small end of the guide sleeve is fixedly connected with the mandrel through a set screw, and at least one set of through holes is symmetrically arranged on the sleeve of the large end of the guide sleeve, and the top block is placed in the through hole; the outer end of the top block is an arc surface and radial A groove is provided, and the inner end is set as a conical surface, which matches with the cone of the taper sleeve; the groove of the top block is surrounded by an annular spring. 2. A special fixture for cylindrical processing of long cylindrical parts according to claim 1, wherein a shaft sleeve is installed between the taper sleeve and the lock nut.