CN103245369B - Novel fiber bragg grating demodulation method and system thereof based on multi-longitudinal mode F-P laser device - Google Patents
Novel fiber bragg grating demodulation method and system thereof based on multi-longitudinal mode F-P laser device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel fiber bragg grating demodulation method and a system thereof based on a multi-longitudinal mode F-P laser device. The system comprises the multi-longitudinal mode F-P laser device, an optical fiber coupler, fiber bragg gratings, a DWDM (dense wavelength division multiplexing) device, a photoelectric detector, a DSP (digital signal processor) module, a central control and display unit and a power control unit which is connected with the multi-longitudinal mode F-P laser device, wherein lasers sent by the multi-longitudinal mode F-P laser device enter the fiber bragg gratings through the optical fiber coupler; signals output by the fiber bragg gratings enter the DWDM device with matched wavelengths after transmitted by optical fibers, and output optical signals are received by the photoelectric detector and converted into voltage signals; and the voltage signals are calculated and controlled by the DSP signal processing module, so that demodulation signals are acquired; and the demodulation signals are sent to the central control and display unit for judgment and operation and are provided for peripheral equipment for display through a serial port. The method and the system have the benefits as follows: the multi-longitudinal mode F-P laser device is matched with the DSP signal processing module, so that high-speed dynamic demodulation and multiplex of grating signals are realized, and the demodulation cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method and apparatus of fiber grating dynamic demodulation, be specifically related to a kind of novel fiber grating demodulation method based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser and system thereof.
Background technology
Fiber-optic grating sensor is the more a kind of novel sensor of Recent study, and it is little and famous with high sensitivity, intrinsic safety, electromagnetism interference, high insulation resistance, volume.The main obstacle of current limit fibre grating sensor application is the demodulation high cost of transducing signal.Existing demodulation method totally can be divided into two classes: wide spectrum light source+narrow band filter and narrow-band tunable light source demodulation method.Because narrow-band tunable light source demodulation method is in stability, tunable range, modulation difficulty with all there is shortcoming in price; Therefore the demodulation method application of wide spectrum light source+narrow band filter is more general.Wide spectrum light source demodulation method mainly contains filter method and interferometric method two kinds, and wherein filter method mainly contains: linear filtering method, tunable TEA CO2 laser demodulation method and matched FBG demodulation method; Interferometric method mainly contains Sagnac interferometer, Imbalance Michelson interferometer and unbalanced M-Z interferometer demodulation method.But all there are two subject matters in above-mentioned demodulation method: 1, adopt expensive wide spectrum light source and narrow band filter, add demodulation cost to a great extent; 2, the dynamo-electric modulated structure that narrow band filter is intrinsic, makes the response speed of system low, generally at below 200Hz, is only applicable to the detection of low frequency signal.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is the deficiency existed for above-mentioned prior art, a kind of novel fiber grating demodulation method based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser and system thereof are provided, many longitudinal modes F-P laser of employing low cost and DSP signal processing module, realize dynamically, solution mediation be multiplexing at a high speed.
The present invention for solving the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme is:
Based on the novel fiber grating demodulation method of many longitudinal modes F-P laser, comprise the following steps:
(1) laser adopting many longitudinal modes F-P laser to send enters fiber grating through fiber coupler;
(2) fluctuation of being monitored the luminous power of many longitudinal modes F-P laser by power control unit controls the size of the supply electric current of many longitudinal modes F-P laser in real time, guarantees the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser Output optical power;
(3) signal exported by fiber grating, through fiber coupler or Optical Fiber Transmission laggard enter Wavelength matched DWDM dense wave division multiplexer, the light signal of output, through photoelectric detector, converts voltage signal to;
(4) the premenstrual storing large chip of voltage signal that step (3) obtains is amplified into A/D analog to digital converter and is converted into digital signal, and digital signal carries out computing by dsp chip again after carrying out filtering process filtering low-frequency noise by wave filter and control treatment obtains restituted signal;
(5) restituted signal that step (4) obtains is sent to center-control by serial ports and display unit carries out judging, operating and provide peripheral hardware to show.
In such scheme, in described step (2), power control unit is a kind of optical power feedback control circuit, the Output optical power of many longitudinal modes F-P laser, by built-in monitoring back light photodetector or external power monitoring photodetector, first opto-electronic conversion is carried out, obtain corresponding electric signal via A/D analog to digital converter, send into single-chip microcomputer and carry out computing, and compare with initial value, judge; Then be converted to control signal by D/A digital to analog converter, power control unit, according to the size of the supply electric current of undulated control many longitudinal modes F-P laser of control signal, guarantees the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser Output optical power.
According to said method, present invention also offers a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser, comprise many longitudinal modes F-P laser, fiber coupler, fiber grating, DWDM dense wave division multiplexer, photodetector, DSP signal processing module, center-control and display unit and the power control unit be connected with many longitudinal modes F-P laser, the output terminal of described many longitudinal modes F-P laser is connected with the input port A of fiber coupler, the output port C of fiber coupler is connected with fiber grating, the input port B of fiber coupler and the input end of DWDM dense wave division multiplexer connect to form the optical channel of signal, the output terminal of DWDM dense wave division multiplexer connects photodetector successively, DSP signal processing module and center-control and display unit, described power control unit is placed on the light source control plate of many longitudinal modes F-P laser.
In such scheme, described many longitudinal modes F-P laser selects peak wavelength to be 1545nm, live width is the butterfly F-P semiconductor laser of 0.3nm, butterfly F-P semiconductor laser is provided with built in light electric explorer, thermistor and temperature controller, built in light electric explorer adopts PN junction type photodiode, being placed in F-P laser inside, for receiving light signal be converted to electric signal dorsad, providing electricity to export monitoring pin; Thermistor and temperature controller provide temperature monitoring to export and temperature control current input pin respectively, and above all pins are corresponding with power control unit to be connected.
In such scheme, described fiber coupler adopts three-dB coupler or circulator.
In such scheme, coaxial tail fiber type PIN photodiode selected by described photodetector.
In such scheme, described DSP signal processing module comprises enlarge leadingly chip, A/D analog to digital converter, wave filter and dsp chip;
Described enlarge leadingly chip is used for the voltage signal through photoelectric detector to amplify, and selects logarithmic amplifier AD0834;
Described A/D analog to digital converter is used for the voltage signal of amplification to be converted to digital signal;
Described wave filter is used for above-mentioned digital signal to carry out filtering process filtering low-frequency noise;
Described dsp chip is a kind of high-speed programmable central processing unit, carries out computing and transmission control acquisition restituted signal for realizing to filtered digital signal.
In such scheme, the restituted signal that described center-control and display unit are used for the DSP signal processing module that serial ports receives obtains judges, operates and provide peripheral hardware to show.
In such scheme, described power control unit is a kind of optical power feedback control circuit, fluctuation for the luminous power of the many longitudinal modes F-P laser according to monitoring controls the size of the supply electric current of many longitudinal modes F-P laser in real time, guarantees the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser Output optical power.
Principle of work of the present invention is:
The laser that many longitudinal modes F-P laser sends enters fiber grating through three-dB coupler; To be reflected by fiber grating or the signal of three-dB coupler is returned in transmission, then through Optical Fiber Transmission laggard enter Wavelength matched DWDM dense wave division multiplexer, the light signal of output, through photoelectric detector, converts voltage signal to; Voltage signal obtains restituted signal through the process of DSP signal processing module, specifically be subdivided into voltage signal and be amplified into A/D analog to digital converter first by enlarge leadingly chip, in order to filtering low-frequency noise, carry out filtering process filtering low-frequency noise by wave filter, then carry out computing and control treatment acquisition restituted signal by dsp processor; Restituted signal is sent to center-control by serial ports and display unit carries out showing and controlling.
Suppose that the reflectance spectrum (or transmission spectrum) of fiber grating is expressed as S (λ), line style is Gaussian distribution, and the transmission spectrum of DWDM dense wave division multiplexer is expressed as T (λ), if F-P laser is desirable wide spectrum light source and intensity is I
0, then the luminous power of photoelectric detector is: P=∫ α I
0s (λ) T (λ) d λ, in formula, α is the overall attenuation that the factors such as DWDM dense wave division multiplexer splitting ratio, optical path loss cause, and can be similar to and think irrelevant with wavelength X.
When adopting many longitudinal modes F-P laser to be light source, the adjacent longitudinal mode spacing of many longitudinal modes F-P laser is generally at 1 ~ 3nm(about 100 ~ 300GHz), longitudinal mode half breadth is about 0.5nm.Suppose the single longitudinal mode spectral line approximate Gaussian distribution of many longitudinal modes F-P laser, then the luminous power of photoelectric detector is modified to: P=∫ α I
0(λ) S (λ) T (λ) d λ, now, I
0(λ) be the function of wavelength X; If fiber bragg grating center wavelength and a certain longitudinal-mode wavelength of many longitudinal modes F-P laser match, and are in this longitudinal mode negative edge, then when under outer field action, drift occurs wavelength fiber grating, Output optical power will produce corresponding linear response.Therefore, as long as measure the changing value of Output optical power, the drift value of fiber bragg grating center wavelength can be back-calculated to obtain by formula, thus obtain the testing result of tested external parameter.Be temperature for tested external parameter: when the temperature is changed, grating output wavelength generation respective change, causes the linear change of Output optical power, then the variable quantity measuring Output optical power can obtain corresponding temperature change value.
Compared with the fiber grating demodulation method of other types, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, adopt many longitudinal modes F-P laser as light source, DSP signal processing module is coordinated to realize the high speed dynamic demodulation of grating signal and multiplexing, owing to adopting many longitudinal modes F-P laser of line width, the luminous power that per wavelength is corresponding improves greatly, and system cost declines and sensitivity improves;
2, the fiber grating reflection wavelength suitably selecting F-P laser multiple longitudinal mode difference corresponding and live width, can realize many gratings multiplexing demodulation easily, reduce demodulation cost further, and not easily by electromagnetic interference (EMI), demodulation sensitivity also can obtain larger raising;
3, adopt DSP signal processing module, simultaneously without dynamo-electric structural design, the high speed of tens KHz can be realized, measure in real time, meet most of application demand.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system construction drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the output spectrum schematic diagram of many longitudinal modes F-P laser of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is many longitudinal modes F-P laser and wide spectrum light source contrast and experiment schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is further described in detail.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, optical fiber grating regulating system based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser of the present invention, comprise many longitudinal modes F-P laser, fiber coupler, fiber grating, DWDM dense wave division multiplexer, photodetector, DSP signal processing module, center-control and display unit and the power control unit be connected with many longitudinal modes F-P laser, the output terminal of described many longitudinal modes F-P laser is connected with the input port A of fiber coupler, the output port C of fiber coupler is connected with fiber grating, the input port B of fiber coupler and the input end of DWDM dense wave division multiplexer connect to form the optical channel of signal, the output terminal of DWDM dense wave division multiplexer connects photodetector successively, DSP signal processing module and center-control and display unit, described power control unit is placed on the light source control plate of many longitudinal modes F-P laser.
Described many longitudinal modes F-P laser selects peak wavelength to be 1545nm, live width is the butterfly F-P semiconductor laser of 0.3nm, butterfly F-P semiconductor laser is provided with built in light electric explorer, thermistor and temperature controller, built in light electric explorer adopts PN junction type photodiode, be placed in F-P laser inside, for receiving light signal be converted to electric signal dorsad, electricity is provided to export monitoring pin; Thermistor and temperature controller provide temperature monitoring to export and temperature control current input pin respectively, and above all pins are corresponding with power control unit to be connected.
Described fiber coupler adopts three-dB coupler or circulator.
Described fiber grating adopts optical fiber bragg grating FBG.
Coaxial tail fiber type PIN photodiode selected by described photodetector.
Described DSP signal processing module comprises enlarge leadingly chip, A/D analog to digital converter, wave filter and dsp chip;
Described enlarge leadingly chip is used for the voltage signal through photoelectric detector to amplify, and selects logarithmic amplifier AD0834;
Described A/D analog to digital converter is used for the voltage signal of amplification to be converted to digital signal, is a kind of general-purpose device simulating signal being converted to digital signal, selects the AD7708 chip of ADI company of the U.S.;
Described wave filter is used for above-mentioned digital signal to carry out filtering process filtering low-frequency noise;
Described dsp chip is a kind of high-speed programmable central processing unit, for realizing, computing and transmission control acquisition restituted signal are carried out to filtered digital signal, dsp chip adopts the TMS320F2812 chip of TI, and two passages of can concurrently simultaneously sampling, each passage has 6 12 A/D modular converters.
The restituted signal that described center-control and display unit are used for the DSP signal processing module that serial ports receives obtains judges, operates and provide peripheral hardware to show.
Described power control unit is a kind of optical power feedback control circuit, fluctuation for the luminous power of the many longitudinal modes F-P laser according to monitoring controls the size of the supply electric current of many longitudinal modes F-P laser in real time, guarantees the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser Output optical power.
The method that the novel fiber grating demodulating system that the present invention is based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser carries out demodulation is as follows:
(1) laser that many longitudinal modes F-P laser sends enters fiber grating through three-dB coupler;
(2) fluctuation of being monitored the luminous power of many longitudinal modes F-P laser by power control unit controls the size of the supply electric current of many longitudinal modes F-P laser in real time, guarantee the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser Output optical power, specific works process is as follows: the Output optical power of many longitudinal modes F-P laser, by built-in monitoring back light photodetector or external power monitoring photodetector, first opto-electronic conversion is carried out, obtain corresponding electric signal via A/D analog to digital converter, send into single-chip microcomputer and carry out computing, and compare with initial value, judge; Then be converted to control signal by D/A digital to analog converter, power control unit, according to the size of the supply electric current of undulated control many longitudinal modes F-P laser of control signal, guarantees the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser Output optical power;
(3) reflect the signal of (or transmission) by fiber grating, through three-dB coupler or through Optical Fiber Transmission laggard enter Wavelength matched DWDM dense wave division multiplexer, the light signal of output, through photoelectric detector, converts voltage signal to;
(4) voltage signal obtains restituted signal through the process of DSP signal processing module, specifically be subdivided into voltage signal and be first converted into digital signal by the A/D analog to digital converter that is amplified into of enlarge leadingly chip, in order to filtering low-frequency noise, digital signal carries out filtering process filtering low-frequency noise by wave filter, then carries out computing and control treatment acquisition restituted signal by dsp chip;
(5) restituted signal is sent to center-control by serial ports and display unit carries out judging, operating and provide peripheral hardware to show.
Suppose that the reflectance spectrum (or transmission spectrum) of fiber grating is expressed as S (λ), line style is Gaussian distribution, and the transmission spectrum of DWDM dense wave division multiplexer is expressed as T (λ), if F-P laser is desirable wide spectrum light source and intensity is I
0, then the luminous power of photoelectric detector is: P=∫ α I
0s (λ) T (λ) d λ, in formula, α is the overall attenuation that the factors such as DWDM dense wave division multiplexer splitting ratio, optical path loss cause, and can be similar to and think irrelevant with wavelength X.
When adopting many longitudinal modes F-P laser to be light source, as shown in Figure 2, the adjacent longitudinal mode spacing of many longitudinal modes F-P laser is generally at 1 ~ 3nm(about 100 ~ 300GHz for the output spectrum of many longitudinal modes F-P laser), longitudinal mode half breadth is about 0.5nm.Suppose the single longitudinal mode spectral line approximate Gaussian distribution of many longitudinal modes F-P laser, then the luminous power of photoelectric detector is modified to: P=∫ α I
0(λ) S (λ) T (λ) d λ, now, I
0(λ) be the function of wavelength X; If fiber bragg grating center wavelength and a certain longitudinal-mode wavelength of many longitudinal modes F-P laser match, and are in this longitudinal mode negative edge, then, when under outer field action, drift occurs wavelength fiber grating, Output optical power is by corresponding generation linear response.Therefore, as long as measure the changing value of Output optical power, the drift value of fiber bragg grating center wavelength can be back-calculated to obtain by formula, thus obtain the testing result of tested external parameter.
During temperature experiment, measure one group of data every 2 DEG C, adopt many longitudinal modes F-P light source and wide spectrum light source Demodulation Systems characteristic for comparing, use many longitudinal modes F-P laser and wide spectrum light source to measure respectively, the raw data matched curve of contrast as shown in Figure 3.
Shown by the experimental result of Fig. 3, adopt many longitudinal modes F-P laser as the demodulating system of light source, the test result of the attenuation ratio wide spectrum light source of detected intensity is faster, and the sensitivity of system is greatly improved, consistent with theoretical analysis.The minimum resolved light power of consideration enlarge leadingly chip (logarithmic amplifier) is 100pw, the minimum resolution voltage of A/D analog to digital converter is 80mV, after can obtaining adopting many longitudinal modes F-P laser, system wavelength demodulation minimum resolution is about 0.04pm, adopts the minimum resolution of wide spectrum light source to be about 0.16pm by contrast.
In addition, because light source spectral line is narrow, the problem that the simultaneous measurement range that system improves in sensitivity narrows, according to existing technological level, the range of dynamic measurement of current many longitudinal modes F-P laser system is about 1nm, corresponding temperature measurement range is about 80 DEG C, than the measuring method narrow range adopting wide spectrum light source, is therefore relatively applicable to that sensitivity requirement is high and the occasion of narrow dynamic range uses.
Above-describedly be only preferred embodiment of the present invention; certainly the interest field of the present invention can not be limited with this; therefore adopt or similar process identical with this example, or according to the equivalence change that the present patent application the scope of the claims is done, still belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1., based on the novel fiber grating demodulation method of many longitudinal modes F-P laser, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) laser adopting many longitudinal modes F-P laser to send enters fiber grating through fiber coupler;
(2) fluctuation of being monitored the luminous power of many longitudinal modes F-P laser by power control unit controls the size of the supply electric current of many longitudinal modes F-P laser in real time, guarantees the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser Output optical power;
(3) to be reflected by fiber grating or the signal of transmission, through fiber coupler or Optical Fiber Transmission laggard enter Wavelength matched DWDM dense wave division multiplexer, the light signal of output, through photoelectric detector, converts voltage signal to;
(4) the premenstrual storing large chip of voltage signal that step (3) obtains is amplified into A/D analog to digital converter and is converted into digital signal, and digital signal carries out computing by dsp chip again after carrying out filtering process filtering low-frequency noise by wave filter and control treatment obtains restituted signal;
(5) restituted signal that step (4) obtains is sent to center-control by serial ports and display unit carries out judging, operating and provide peripheral hardware to show.
2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the novel fiber grating demodulation method of many longitudinal modes F-P laser, it is characterized in that, in described step (2), power control unit is a kind of optical power feedback control circuit, the Output optical power of many longitudinal modes F-P laser, by built-in monitoring back light photodetector or external power monitoring photodetector, first opto-electronic conversion is carried out, obtain corresponding electric signal via A/D analog to digital converter, send into single-chip microcomputer and carry out computing, and compare with initial value, judge; Then be converted to control signal by D/A digital to analog converter, power control unit, according to the size of the supply electric current of undulated control many longitudinal modes F-P laser of control signal, guarantees the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser Output optical power.
3. the optical fiber grating regulating system based on many longitudinal modes F-P laser, it is characterized in that, comprise many longitudinal modes F-P laser, fiber coupler, fiber grating, DWDM dense wave division multiplexer, photodetector, DSP signal processing module, center-control and display unit and the power control unit be connected with many longitudinal modes F-P laser, the output terminal of described many longitudinal modes F-P laser is connected with the input port A of fiber coupler, the output port C of fiber coupler is connected with fiber grating, the input port B of fiber coupler and the input end of DWDM dense wave division multiplexer connect to form the optical channel of signal, the output terminal of DWDM dense wave division multiplexer connects photodetector successively, DSP signal processing module and center-control and display unit, described power control unit is placed on the light source control plate of many longitudinal modes F-P laser, described many longitudinal modes F-P laser selects peak wavelength to be 1545nm, live width is the butterfly F-P semiconductor laser of 0.3nm, butterfly F-P semiconductor laser is provided with built in light electric explorer, thermistor and temperature controller, and the pin of built in light electric explorer, the pin of thermistor are connected with the pin of temperature controller is corresponding with power control unit.
4. as claimed in claim 3 based on the optical fiber grating regulating system of many longitudinal modes F-P laser, it is characterized in that, described fiber coupler adopts three-dB coupler or circulator.
5., as claimed in claim 3 based on the optical fiber grating regulating system of many longitudinal modes F-P laser, it is characterized in that, coaxial tail fiber type PIN photodiode selected by described photodetector.
6., as claimed in claim 3 based on the optical fiber grating regulating system of many longitudinal modes F-P laser, it is characterized in that, described DSP signal processing module comprises enlarge leadingly chip, A/D analog to digital converter, wave filter and dsp chip;
Described enlarge leadingly chip is used for the voltage signal through photoelectric detector to amplify, and selects logarithmic amplifier AD0834;
Described A/D analog to digital converter is used for the voltage signal of amplification to be converted to digital signal;
Described wave filter is used for above-mentioned digital signal to carry out filtering process filtering low-frequency noise;
Described dsp chip is a kind of high-speed programmable central processing unit, carries out computing and transmission control acquisition restituted signal for realizing to filtered digital signal.
7. as claimed in claim 3 based on the optical fiber grating regulating system of many longitudinal modes F-P laser, it is characterized in that, the restituted signal that described center-control and display unit are used for the DSP signal processing module that serial ports receives obtains judges, operates and provide peripheral hardware to show.
8. as claimed in claim 3 based on the optical fiber grating regulating system of many longitudinal modes F-P laser, it is characterized in that, described power control unit is a kind of optical power feedback control circuit, fluctuation for the luminous power of the many longitudinal modes F-P laser according to monitoring controls the size of the supply electric current of many longitudinal modes F-P laser in real time, guarantees the stable of many longitudinal modes F-P laser Output optical power.
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