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CN103238975A - Safety helmet with novel micro-structure shell - Google Patents

Safety helmet with novel micro-structure shell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103238975A
CN103238975A CN2013102115109A CN201310211510A CN103238975A CN 103238975 A CN103238975 A CN 103238975A CN 2013102115109 A CN2013102115109 A CN 2013102115109A CN 201310211510 A CN201310211510 A CN 201310211510A CN 103238975 A CN103238975 A CN 103238975A
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shell
helmet
adopts
layer
vertical reinforcement
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CN103238975B (en
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樊瑜波
王丽珍
徐鹏
倪义坤
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Suzhou Ashikang Medical Technology Co ltd
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Beihang University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a safety helmet with a novel micro-structure shell. This helmet body adopts three layer construction, and concrete structure includes: the novel children's head comprises a shell 5, a buffer body 6, a lining 7 and a chin strap 8. By utilizing the bionics principle, the surface of the shell of the helmet adopts a microstructure consisting of polygonal textures and vertical reinforcing ribs. The design can increase the toughness of the helmet shell, reduce the risk of the helmet shell being punctured and further improve the protection capability of the helmet.

Description

一种具有新型微结构外壳的安全头盔A safety helmet with a novel microstructure shell

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及安全头盔的技术领域,具体是指一种具有新型微结构外壳的头盔。该微结构可以有效提高头盔外壳的断裂韧性,从而提高头盔的防护能力。  The invention relates to the technical field of safety helmets, in particular to a helmet with a novel microstructure shell. The microstructure can effectively improve the fracture toughness of the helmet shell, thereby improving the protective ability of the helmet. the

背景技术 Background technique

在生产生活中,佩戴头盔或安全帽是防止头部损伤最有效的方法之一。现在常用的头盔主要采用三层结构:适当厚度的硬质帽盔式外壳,一定厚度的缓冲层以及与人的头部接触的内衬。外壳一般采用耐磨损、抗压缩性好的ABS或PC等硬质塑料,也有采用碳纤维复合材料或金属材料。该层主要作用是阻止冲击穿透,扩大受力面积,减小局部应力。缓冲层紧贴于外壳内侧,常使用泡沫材料。该层的主要作用是通过泡沫体的大变形来抵挡从外壳传过来的冲击力,吸收冲击能量。然而现有头盔的外壳所采用的硬质塑料往往韧性不够,在较大的冲击力作用下,外壳存在被击穿的风险。因为缓冲层和内衬的材料较软且疏松多孔,无法承受集中力。外壳一旦被击穿,将会直接对头部造成损伤。而使用金属材料,必然会增加头盔的重量,给使用者带来了不便。  In production and life, wearing a helmet or hard hat is one of the most effective ways to prevent head injuries. The helmet commonly used now mainly adopts a three-layer structure: a hard helmet-type shell of an appropriate thickness, a buffer layer of a certain thickness and an inner liner in contact with the head of a person. The shell is generally made of hard plastics such as ABS or PC with good wear resistance and compression resistance, and carbon fiber composite materials or metal materials are also used. The main function of this layer is to prevent impact penetration, expand the stressed area, and reduce local stress. The buffer layer is close to the inside of the shell, often using foam. The main function of this layer is to resist the impact force transmitted from the shell through the large deformation of the foam body and absorb the impact energy. However, the hard plastic used in the outer shell of the existing helmet is often not tough enough, and the outer shell may be broken down under the action of a relatively large impact force. Because the material of the cushioning layer and lining is soft and porous, it cannot bear the concentrated force. Once the shell is broken down, it will directly cause damage to the head. And use metal material, will inevitably increase the weight of helmet, has brought inconvenience to the user. the

澳洲坚果(macadamia)外壳的力学性能十分优越,其壳体可以承受高达2000N的外部压缩载荷。通过显微镜观察,可以发现澳洲坚果壳是明显的两层结构(图1):非常薄(约160μm)但是韧性很高的硬壳层;厚度在1.5mm到5mm之间,但是很疏松的软木层。在硬壳层的外表面上分布着由多边形组成的纹理。在多边形的角点位置分布着垂直于外壳表面的径向纤维。该纤维的弹性模量和硬度都比平行表面分布的纤维要大,在硬壳层结构中起到了加强筋的作用。有研究表明,多边形纹理和径向纤维是硬壳层具有高韧性的原因。因此本发明将澳洲坚果外壳的增韧机理应用于头盔的外壳结构的设计中,提高安全头盔的防护能力。  The mechanical properties of the shell of macadamia nuts are very superior, and its shell can withstand an external compressive load up to 2000N. Through microscope observation, it can be found that the macadamia nut shell has an obvious two-layer structure (Figure 1): a very thin (about 160 μm) hard shell layer with high toughness; a loose cork layer with a thickness between 1.5mm and 5mm . A texture consisting of polygons is distributed on the outer surface of the crust. Radial fibers perpendicular to the shell surface are distributed at the corners of the polygon. The elastic modulus and hardness of the fibers are larger than those of the fibers distributed on the parallel surface, and play the role of reinforcing ribs in the hard shell structure. It has been shown that the polygonal texture and radial fibers are responsible for the high toughness of the crust. Therefore, the present invention applies the toughening mechanism of the shell of macadamia nuts to the design of the shell structure of the helmet to improve the protective ability of the safety helmet. the

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是针对现有头盔外壳在抵抗破坏方面的不足,利用仿生学原理,设计了一种具有新型微结构的头盔的外壳,以提高头盔的防护能力。  The purpose of the present invention is to aim at the deficiencies of the existing helmet shell in terms of resistance to damage, and use the principle of bionics to design a helmet shell with a new microstructure to improve the protective ability of the helmet. the

为了解决以上技术问题,本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:一种有新型微结构外壳的头盔,其盔体采用三层结构。具体结构包括:头盔的外壳,缓冲层,内衬,下颏带。外壳采用纤维增强复合材料。壳体的外表面采用由五边形和六边形混合构成的纹理,多边形的直径为30μm到50μm。在垂直于外表面的方向上设有圆柱状的加强筋。该加强筋的直径为4μm到6μm之间,分布在多边形交界的角点上,并且埋入外壳之中。缓冲层采用泡沫材料,比如EPS、EPO、EPP等。内衬由一定厚度的密度低且质地柔软的材料构成,比如织物、海绵等。该层的内表面与头部接触。各层之间通过胶粘连接成一个整体。  In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a helmet with a novel microstructure shell, the helmet body adopts a three-layer structure. The specific structure includes: the shell of the helmet, the buffer layer, the inner lining, and the chin strap. The shell is made of fiber-reinforced composite material. The outer surface of the shell adopts a texture composed of a mixture of pentagons and hexagons, and the diameter of the polygons is 30 μm to 50 μm. Cylindrical reinforcing ribs are provided in a direction perpendicular to the outer surface. The reinforcing ribs have a diameter between 4 μm and 6 μm, are distributed on the corners of the polygonal intersections, and are buried in the shell. The buffer layer adopts foam material, such as EPS, EPO, EPP and so on. The lining is made of a certain thickness of low-density and soft material, such as fabric, sponge, etc. The inner surface of this layer is in contact with the head. The layers are connected by glue to form a whole. the

采用上述技术方案,头盔外壳的韧性将会有较大提高,这将大大降低头盔外壳被击穿的风险。头盔的缓冲层泡沫材料,可以延缓冲击的作用时间,为头部提供缓冲保护。另外也可以在一定程度上减轻头盔的重量,让使用者更加舒服。内衬采用软质材料,一方面可以作为头盔外壳和缓冲层减震功能的补充,另一方面也可以提高使用的舒适度。下颏带8的作用是将头部和安全帽的内壳紧密的固定在一起。  By adopting the above technical solution, the toughness of the helmet shell will be greatly improved, which will greatly reduce the risk of the helmet shell being broken down. The foam material of the buffer layer of the helmet can delay the action time of the impact and provide buffer protection for the head. In addition, the weight of the helmet can also be reduced to a certain extent, making the user more comfortable. The inner lining is made of soft material, which can supplement the shock absorption function of the helmet shell and buffer layer on the one hand, and improve the comfort of use on the other hand. The effect of the chin strap 8 is to tightly fix the head and the inner shell of the helmet. the

本发明是对头盔缓冲结构的改进,不涉及头盔的具体构型。因此本发明可以应用于不同设计构型的头盔。  The invention is an improvement to the cushioning structure of the helmet, and does not relate to the specific configuration of the helmet. Therefore the present invention can be applied to helmets of different design configurations. the

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是澳洲坚果壳的结构示意图;  Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a macadamia nut shell;

图2是澳洲坚果壳硬壳层的外表面示意图;  Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the outer surface of the macadamia nut shell hard shell layer;

图3是本发明所述安全头盔的结构示意图。  Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the safety helmet of the present invention. the

图4是本发明所述头盔外壳的纹理和垂直加强筋示意图。  Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the texture and vertical ribs of the helmet shell of the present invention. the

图中:1硬壳层;2软木层;3多边形纹理;4垂直纤维;5头盔外壳;51多边形纹理;52垂直加强筋;6缓冲层;7内衬;8下颏带。  In the figure: 1 hard shell layer; 2 cork layer; 3 polygonal texture; 4 vertical fibers; 5 helmet shell; 51 polygonal texture; 52 vertical ribs; 6 cushioning layer; the

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述:  Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:

如图3所示,本发明由四部分组成,由外向内依次为:头盔外壳5、缓冲层6、内衬7和下颏带8。其中头盔外壳5采用纤维增强复合材料。其微观结构采用与澳洲坚果硬壳层相似的构型:壳体的外表面采用由五边形和六边形混合构成的纹理51,多边形的直径为30μm到50μm;在垂直于外表面的方向上设有圆柱状的加强筋52;该加强筋的直径为4μm到6μm之间,分布在多边形交界的角点上,并且埋入外壳之中。缓冲层6紧贴于外壳5的内表面,采用采用泡沫材料,比如EPS、EPO、EPP等。内衬7由一定厚度的密度低且质地柔软的材料构成,比如织物、海绵等。该层的内表面与头部接触。各层之间通过胶粘连接成一个整体。下颏带5与外壳刚性连接,可以将头部和头盔外壳紧密的固定在一起。  As shown in Figure 3, the present invention is made up of four parts, is successively from outside to inside: helmet shell 5, cushioning layer 6, liner 7 and chin strap 8. Wherein the helmet shell 5 adopts fiber-reinforced composite material. Its microstructure adopts a configuration similar to that of the hard shell of macadamia nuts: the outer surface of the shell adopts a texture 51 composed of a mixture of pentagons and hexagons, and the diameter of the polygons is 30 μm to 50 μm; Cylindrical reinforcing ribs 52 are arranged on the top; the diameter of the reinforcing ribs is between 4 μm and 6 μm, distributed on the corners of polygonal intersections, and embedded in the shell. The buffer layer 6 is closely attached to the inner surface of the shell 5, and is made of foam material, such as EPS, EPO, EPP and the like. The lining 7 is made of a material with a certain thickness and low density and soft texture, such as fabric, sponge and the like. The inner surface of this layer is in contact with the head. The layers are connected by glue to form a whole. The chin strap 5 is rigidly connected with the shell, so that the head and the helmet shell can be tightly fixed together. the

头盔外壳5采用多边形纹理51和垂直加强筋52的微观构型,可以加大外壳的韧性,降低头盔外壳被击穿的风险。  The helmet shell 5 adopts a microscopic configuration of polygonal texture 51 and vertical ribs 52, which can increase the toughness of the shell and reduce the risk of the helmet shell being broken down. the

Claims (8)

1. the crash helmet that novel micro-structural shell is arranged is characterized in that, it is three-decker, and its ecto-entad is followed successively by helmet shell, cushion, liner, sticks with glue between each layer to connect integral body of back formation.
2. shell as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the material that it adopts is fibre reinforced composites.
3. shell as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, its outer surface adopts and Queensland nut surface similar micro-structural, i.e. polygon texture and vertical reinforcement.
4. polygon texture as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, it is made of pentagon and hexagon mixing, and polygonal diameter is controlled at 30 μ m between the 50 μ m.
5. vertical reinforcement as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, it is cylindrical, and diameter is controlled at 4 μ m between the 6 μ m.
6. vertical reinforcement as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, it is distributed on the angle point of polygon boundary, and imbeds among the shell.
7. cushion as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the material that it adopts is foamed material, such as EPS, EPO, EPP etc.
8. liner as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the material that it adopts is the material that density is low and quality is soft, such as fabric, sponge etc.
CN201310211510.9A 2013-05-31 2013-05-31 Safety helmet with novel micro-structure shell Active CN103238975B (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103416890A (en) * 2013-08-30 2013-12-04 苏州市佳腾精密模具有限公司 Helmet
CN103707562A (en) * 2013-12-23 2014-04-09 张广舜 Bionic composite material plate
CN104705883A (en) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-17 邹健 Construction-site protection safety helmet
CN107635424A (en) * 2015-02-04 2018-01-26 牛津大学创新有限公司 Shock-absorbing structure and helmet with such structure
CN107874347A (en) * 2017-12-04 2018-04-06 晨龙飞机(荆门)有限公司 A kind of Multi-function smart helmet
CN109043721A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-12-21 西北工业大学 A kind of protective helmet for small-sized push-button aircraft
CN111067182A (en) * 2018-10-22 2020-04-28 上海杰事杰新材料(集团)股份有限公司 Safety helmet and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4843642A (en) * 1985-02-15 1989-07-04 Brower Richard A Combat vehicle crewman helmet
US5561866A (en) * 1992-06-27 1996-10-08 Leslie Ross Safety Helmets
JPH09138097A (en) * 1995-09-13 1997-05-27 Toray Ind Inc Protective helmet
FR2773306A1 (en) * 1998-01-06 1999-07-09 Pierre Scarella Hat for sports enthusiast
CN201182239Y (en) * 2007-11-13 2009-01-21 赵瑞华 Oxygen-loading type protective helmets for miners
CN201438866U (en) * 2009-06-09 2010-04-21 厦门新凯复材科技有限公司 Safety helmet shell structure
CN201663947U (en) * 2010-03-15 2010-12-08 上海工程技术大学 A motorcycle helmet suitable for school-aged children
CN201767116U (en) * 2010-04-21 2011-03-23 太仓市飞鸿塑钢制品有限公司 Safety helmet
CN202552312U (en) * 2012-04-18 2012-11-28 熊国荣 Helmet with inner reinforcing ribs
CN102892320A (en) * 2010-04-19 2013-01-23 帕特里克·亚伯内第 Recoil-resistant and energy-absorbing hard hat liner with positioning features

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4843642A (en) * 1985-02-15 1989-07-04 Brower Richard A Combat vehicle crewman helmet
US5561866A (en) * 1992-06-27 1996-10-08 Leslie Ross Safety Helmets
JPH09138097A (en) * 1995-09-13 1997-05-27 Toray Ind Inc Protective helmet
FR2773306A1 (en) * 1998-01-06 1999-07-09 Pierre Scarella Hat for sports enthusiast
CN201182239Y (en) * 2007-11-13 2009-01-21 赵瑞华 Oxygen-loading type protective helmets for miners
CN201438866U (en) * 2009-06-09 2010-04-21 厦门新凯复材科技有限公司 Safety helmet shell structure
CN201663947U (en) * 2010-03-15 2010-12-08 上海工程技术大学 A motorcycle helmet suitable for school-aged children
CN102892320A (en) * 2010-04-19 2013-01-23 帕特里克·亚伯内第 Recoil-resistant and energy-absorbing hard hat liner with positioning features
CN201767116U (en) * 2010-04-21 2011-03-23 太仓市飞鸿塑钢制品有限公司 Safety helmet
CN202552312U (en) * 2012-04-18 2012-11-28 熊国荣 Helmet with inner reinforcing ribs

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103416890A (en) * 2013-08-30 2013-12-04 苏州市佳腾精密模具有限公司 Helmet
CN104705883A (en) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-17 邹健 Construction-site protection safety helmet
CN103707562A (en) * 2013-12-23 2014-04-09 张广舜 Bionic composite material plate
CN103707562B (en) * 2013-12-23 2016-06-22 青岛橡胶谷知识产权有限公司 A kind of Bionic composite material plate
CN107635424A (en) * 2015-02-04 2018-01-26 牛津大学创新有限公司 Shock-absorbing structure and helmet with such structure
CN107874347A (en) * 2017-12-04 2018-04-06 晨龙飞机(荆门)有限公司 A kind of Multi-function smart helmet
CN107874347B (en) * 2017-12-04 2019-01-18 晨龙飞机(荆门)有限公司 A kind of Multi-function smart helmet
CN109043721A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-12-21 西北工业大学 A kind of protective helmet for small-sized push-button aircraft
CN111067182A (en) * 2018-10-22 2020-04-28 上海杰事杰新材料(集团)股份有限公司 Safety helmet and preparation method thereof

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