CN103238227B - For the electrothermal module of gas extraction system - Google Patents
For the electrothermal module of gas extraction system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103238227B CN103238227B CN201180058155.5A CN201180058155A CN103238227B CN 103238227 B CN103238227 B CN 103238227B CN 201180058155 A CN201180058155 A CN 201180058155A CN 103238227 B CN103238227 B CN 103238227B
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- electrothermal module
- heat exchanger
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- internal combustion
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
- F01N5/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat the device being thermoelectric generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
- H10N10/13—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the heat-exchanging means at the junction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
- H10N10/17—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the structure or configuration of the cell or thermocouple forming the device
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2260/00—Heat exchangers or heat exchange elements having special size, e.g. microstructures
- F28F2260/02—Heat exchangers or heat exchange elements having special size, e.g. microstructures having microchannels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of by the integration electrothermal module that alternately interconnective p conductivity type and n conductivity type thermoelectric material piece form by conductive contact piece in, electrothermal module (19) is connected to micro-heat exchanger (13) with heat-conducting mode, described micro-heat exchanger (13) comprises that multiple diameters are at most the continuous passage of 1mm, and fluid thermal exchange media can flow through described passage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be adapted to be mounted within the electrothermal module in the gas extraction system of internal combustion engine.
Background technology
Thermoelectric generator and Peltier device itself is well-known for a long time. One side is heated and anotherThe semiconductor of the p that side is cooled and n doping passes through external circuit transmission charge, thereby can be to circuitIn load carry out electric work. The heat energy of realizing is like this subject to the heat power of Carnot efficiency to energy conversion efficiencyRestriction. Thus, in hot side in 1000K and " cold " side at the temperature of 400K, (1000 – 400)The efficiency of ÷ 1000=60% will be possible. But up to now, can only realize the highest 6% efficiency.
On the other hand, if this device is applied to DC current, just heat can be transferred to separately from a sideOne side. This Peltier device, as heat pump work, is therefore suitable for part of appliance, vehicle or buildsBuilding thing carries out cooling. Undertaken by Peltier principle to add ratio of specific heat traditional heating mode more favourable, this isBecause, compared with energy equivalent corresponding to provided, the more heats of total energy transmission.
At present, thermoelectric generator is used to space probe, is used for producing DC current, is used for to pipeCathodic corrosion protection is carried out in road, is used to lighted buoy and radiobuoy that energy is provided, and is used for graspingMake radio and television set. The advantage of thermoelectric generator is the reliability that it is remarkable. Their workNot being subject to affects such as the atmospheric conditions of relative humidity; The transmission of materials that can not occur to be easily disturbed, butOnly has electric charge transmission.
Electrothermal module is made up of electricity series connection, heat p-type and N-shaped piece (piece) in parallel. Fig. 2 illustratesThis generic module.
Traditional structure is made up of two ceramic wafers, between these two ceramic wafers, independent piece is alternately installed.In each case, two piece conducting type contacts by end face.
Except conducting type contact, various other layers generally can also be set on real material,These other layers serve as protective layer or solder layer. But, final, set up two pieces by metal bridgeBetween electrically contact.
The fundamental of thermoelectric components is contact. By contact, set up material in assembly " core " (negativeBlame required component heat electrical effect) and " external world " between physical connection. In Fig. 1 schematicallyExpress the structure of this contact.
The thermoelectric material 1 of component internal provides the actual effect of assembly. It is a thermoelectricity piece. Electric currentFlow through material 1 with hot-fluid, to achieve its function in total.
Material 1 is connected respectively to lead-in wire (lead) 6 in both sides at least by contact 4 and 5With 7. In this case, layer 2 and 3 is intended to represent between material and contact 4 and 5Or multiple intermediate layers that need alternatively (barrier layer, solder layer, cement etc.). Respectively each other inCan be identical to associated section 2/3,4/5,6/7, but they are also nonessential identical. This is the most sameDepend on concrete structure and application, and by the electric current of this structure or the flow direction of hot-fluid.
Contact 4 and 5 has important function now. They guarantee to be closely connected between material and lead-in wire.If contact very poorly, can there is high loss and limiter assembly performance greatly herein. For this reason,Described is forced on material and uses with contacting conventionally. Therefore, contact is exposed to strong mechanical load.In the time relating to the temperature of rising (or reduce) and/or thermal cycle, this mechanical load further increases.The thermal expansion that is constructed into the material in assembly inevitably causes mechanical stress, and described stress is at the utmost pointFracture by contact in end situation causes component failures.
For fear of this situation, contact used must have specific flexibility (flexibility) andElastic characteristic, to can compensate this thermal stress.
In order to make total there is stability and to guarantee the even hot coupling of maximum required on each pieceClose, need support plate (carrierplate). For this reason, use traditionally pottery, for example, by such as Al2O3、SiO2Or the pottery made of the oxide of AlN or nitride.
Traditional structure is restricted through the application aspect of being everlasting, because in each case, only can makePlane surface contacts with electrothermal module. Tight connection between Modular surface and thermal source/radiator is must be notCan lack, to guarantee sufficient hot-fluid.
Non-planar surfaces (for example, circular used heat pipe) is unsuitable for directly contacting with conventional module, orSay, they need corresponding straight heat converter structure, to provide from non-planar surfaces to plane mouldThe transition of piece.
At present, attempting for example, in motor vehicle (automobile and truck), in gas extraction system or exhaustElectrothermal module is set, to obtain electric energy from part waste gas heat in recirculation. In this case, heatThe hot side of electric device is connected to exhaust or tailpipe (tailpipe) is upper, and cold side is connected simultaneouslyTo cooler. Producible electric weight depends on EGT and the hot-fluid from waste gas to thermoelectric material.For hot-fluid is maximized, equipment is built in tailpipe conventionally. Can be subject to but do like thisRestriction, for example, because the installation of heat exchanger often causes the pressure loss of waste gas, and then causes internal combustionThe not tolerable of consumption of the increase of machine.
Routinely, thermoelectric generator is mounted after the exhaust gas catalytic converter in gas extraction system and makesWith. In conjunction with the pressure loss of exhaust gas catalytic converter, this causes the excessive pressure loss conventionally, therebyHeat conduction equipment cannot be provided in gas extraction system; On the contrary, electrothermal module be pressed in tailpipe outsideIn side. For this reason, tailpipe must be configured to have polygon cross section conventionally, so that planeOuter surface can with thermoelectric material close contact.
Heat transmission or the pressure loss occurring are all unsatisfactory so far.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide the electrothermal module in the gas extraction system that is arranged on internal combustion engine, itsAvoid the shortcoming of known module, and guaranteed with the better geothermal transfer of low pressure loss.
Realize this object according to the present invention by such electrothermal module: this electrothermal module is by by leadingElectric contact piece is interconnective p conductivity type and n conductivity type thermoelectric material piece composition alternately, Qi ZhongsuoState electrothermal module and be connected to micro-heat exchanger (microheatexchanger), institute with heat-conducting modeState micro-heat exchanger and comprise that multiple diameters are at most the continuous passage of 1mm, fluid thermal exchange media energyEnough flow through described passage.
Particularly advantageously, the described passage of described micro-heat exchanger is coated with engine exhaust gas catalystThe washcoated layer (washcoat) of (motor vehicle exhaust gases catalyst especially). In this way,Can get rid of independent exhaust gas catalytic converter, and make the minimise loss of pressure in gas extraction system. ThisPlanting Integration Design has simplified overall structure and has been convenient to the installation in gas extraction system.
By using micro-heat exchanger, can guarantee the hot-fluid of the improvement from waste gas to electrothermal module, withTime guarantee the enough low pressure loss. According to the present invention, waste gas streams is crossed the microchannel of micro-heat exchanger.These passages are preferably coated with exhaust gas catalyst in this case, the catalysis especially of this catalystOne or more in below transforming: from NOxTo nitrogen, from hydrocarbon to CO2And H2O，And from CO to CO2. Particularly preferably, all these conversions are all catalyzed.
The suitable catalytically material of activity such as Pt, Ru, Ce, Pd is known, and exampleAs at Stone, the people's such as R. AutomotiveEngineeringFundamentals, SocietyofIn AutomotiveEngineers2004, be described. These catalytically active material with suitableMode be applied on the passage of micro-heat exchanger. Preferably, can conceive to wash coating form executesAdd. In this case, catalyst is applied to micro-heat exchanger using the form of suspension as thin layerInwall on, or be applied on its passage. So catalyst can be by having identical or different compositionSingle layer or multiple layers of composition. Then,, in the time using in motor vehicle, the catalyst applying canTo replace whole or in part the normally used exhaust gas catalytic converter of internal combustion engine, this depends on low-grade feverThe size of interchanger and coating thereof is determined (dimensioning).
According to the present invention, term " micro-heat exchanger " is intended to represent that having multiple diameters is at most 1mmThe heat exchanger of the continuous passage of (being particularly preferably at most 0.8mm). Minimum diameter is only according to skillArt feasibility is set, and is preferably the magnitude of 50 μ m, particularly preferably 100 μ m.
Described passage can have any suitable cross section, for example circular, oval, such as square,The polygon of triangle or star etc. Herein, the opposite side of passage or the beeline between point is lookedFor diameter. Described passage can also be formed flat, and in this case, diameter is defined asDistance between border surface (boundingsurface). Especially, for slave plate or layer buildingHeat exchanger just belongs to this situation. During operation, heat exchanger medium flows through continuous passage,Heat is passed to heat exchanger simultaneously. Heat exchanger is thermally connected to electrothermal module on the other hand, thereby realThe now good transfer of heat from heat exchanger to electrothermal module.
Micro-heat exchanger can be in any suitable manner, from any suitable material construction. For example,Micro-heat exchanger can be built by such Heat Conduction Material piece: continuous passage is introduced into this Heat Conduction MaterialIn.
As described material, can use any suitable material, for example, such as the plastics of Merlon,Such as from Dupont'sLiquid crystal polymer, polyethers ether copper (PEEK) etc. Also canFor example, to use metal, iron, copper, aluminium or the appropriate alloy such as ferrochrome, Fecralloy. In addition,Can also use pottery or inorganic oxide material, for example aluminium oxide or zirconia or cordierite. It alsoIt can be the composite of being made by multiple above-mentioned material. Micro-heat exchanger is preferably by high-temperature alloy(1000-1200 DEG C), Fecralloy, make containing ferroalloy, stainless steel, the cordierite of Al. Micro-Passage in any suitable manner (for example, by laser method, etching, boring etc.) is introduced into and leadsIn hot material piece.
As alternative, micro-heat exchanger also can build from different plates, layer or pipe, these plates, layer orManage be connected to each other subsequently (for example,, by adhesive bond or welding). Described plate, layer or pipe existCan be pre-arranged in this case microchannel, then assembled.
Particularly preferably, by sintering process, manufacture micro-heat exchanger from powder. Metal dust and ceramic powderEnd all can be used as described powder. Also can use the mixture being formed by metal and pottery, by differentThe mixture of metal composition or the mixture being formed by different potteries. Suitable metal dust for example wrapsDraw together the powder being formed by ferritic steel, Fecralloy or stainless steel. Manufacture low-grade fever exchange by sintering processDevice allows to manufacture any required structure.
Use metal that the advantage of thermal conductive resin can be provided as micro-heat exchanger material. Contrast with it,Pottery has good heat storage capacity, and therefore they can be used in particular for compensation temperature fluctuation.
If use plastics as micro-heat exchanger material, be necessary to apply such coating, this paintingLayer protection plastics are avoided the impact of the temperature of the waste gas that flows through micro-heat exchanger. This type coating is also referred to as " warmBarrier coating ". Due to the high temperature of waste gas, be therefore necessary to apply the low-grade fever being formed by plastic material and exchangeThe all surface of device.
The external dimensions of micro-heat exchanger used according to the invention be preferably from 60 × 60 × 20 to40×40×8mm3。
With respect to the ratio heat transfer area (specificheat of the micro-heat exchanger of the volume of micro-heat exchangerTransferarea) preferably from 0.1 to 5m2/ l, particularly preferably from 0.3 to 3m2/ l, especiallyFor from 0.5 to 2m2/l。
Suitable micro-heat exchanger commercially can obtain, for example, from Institutf ü rMikrotechnikMainzGmbH buys. IMM provides the micro-structural heat exchanger of various geometries, especially,Maximum operation temperature is the micro-structural high-temperature heat exchanger of 900 DEG C. The size of these high-temperature heat exchangersFor about 80 × 50 × 70mm3And according to countercurrent action work (for other application). TheyThere is the pressure loss and the about 1m that are less than 50mbr2The ratio heat transfer area of/l.
VDI/VDE-TechnologiezentrumInformationstechnikGmbH(www.nanowelten.de) show other micro-heat exchanger. In addition, micro-heat exchanger also byEhrfeldMikrotechnikBTSGmbH、WendelsheimandSWEPMarketServices, branch company, the F ü rth of DoverMarketServicesGmbH provide.
Micro-heat exchanger is configured such that it can be connected to thermoelectricity to have best heat conducting modeModule. According to structure and material composition, it can directly be connected to electrothermal module with heat-conducting mode.Electrothermal module can also be flat, and, on thermoelectric material piece, there is support plate in hot side, this yearPlate is connected to micro-heat exchanger with heat-conducting mode. In background technology, mention suitable carrier plate material.
Preferably, integrally form micro-heat exchanger with electrothermal module. For this purpose, for example canMicro-heat exchanger is directly sintered on electrothermal module. The advantage of doing is like this, with the table of electrothermal moduleFace form independently obtains the connection of height heat conduction.
The pressure loss that the continuous passage of the heat exchanger by gas flow warp produces is preferably at most100mbar, especially, is at most 50mbar. Such pressure loss can not cause internal combustion engineFuel consumption increases. Especially, if being arranged as, micro-heat exchanger make the passage of waste gas streams warp flatRow extends (runparallel) and is connected to entrance and is connected to outlet at opposite side in a side,Can realize such pressure loss. The length of the passage of waste gas streams warp is at most in this case60mm, is at most 40mm especially. If use more than one micro-heat exchanger, low-grade feverInterchanger is equally by parallel join and be connected to and shared entrance and shared outlet, so that eachThe passage of heat exchanger extends in parallel equally.
The heat exchange surface of micro-heat exchanger can be directly installed on internal combustion engine (motor vehicle especially,Internal combustion engine) gas extraction system or tailpipe in. In this case, it can be installed to be fixingOr removably install. Heat exchange surface also can firmly be sealed by electrothermal module.
If micro-heat exchanger is equipped with the washcoated layer of catalysis material, it can be installed in exhaust systemThe position of the original exhaust gas catalytic converter in system. In this way, high EGT can be carriedSupply with micro-heat exchanger. By the chemical conversion at the exhaust gas catalyst place at micro-heat exchanger, this temperatureCan further improve, thereby occur than heat transmission more efficiently in known system.
By the hot-fluid improving, also realize the efficiency of the raising of electrothermal module.
In addition, can between electrothermal module and micro-heat exchanger, be provided for being protected from excessive(excessive) protective layer of temperature. This layer (also referred to as phase change layer) preferably by fusing point in 250DEG C make to inorganic metal salt or metal alloy in the scope of 1700 DEG C. Suitable slaine is for for exampleThe fluoride of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium, chloride, bromide, iodateThing, sulfate, nitrate, carbonate, chromate, molybdate, vanadate and tungstates. Preferably(it forms dual eutectic (doubleeutectic) or three to the mixture of this type of suitable salt of ground useHeavy eutectic). They also can form quadruple eutectic or five heavy eutectics.
Alternatively, can be from the metal such as zinc, magnesium, aluminium, copper, calcium, silicon, phosphorus and antimony,Use metal alloy as phase-change material and their combination, these be combined to form dual, triple,Quadruple or five heavy eutectics. The fusing point of metal alloy in this case should be in 200 DEG C to 1800 DEG CScope in.
Especially, in the time using such as the metal of nickel, zirconium, titanium, silver and iron, or when use based onWhen the alloy of nickel, chromium, iron, zirconium and/or titanium, electrothermal module can be sealed by protected seam.
For example, in one or more electrothermal modules that adjoining land (insuccession) connects can be integrated intoIn the gas extraction system of combustion machine. In this case, also can combine the heat that comprises different thermoelectric materialsElectricity module. Generally speaking, can use all suitable thermoelectricity that is suitable for engine exhaust gas temperature rangeMaterial. The example of appropriate thermal electric material comprises skutterudite, for example CoSb3、RuPdSb6、TX6(itsMiddle T=Co, Rh, Ir and X=P, As, Sb); X2Y8Z24(wherein X=lanthanide series, actiniumSeries elements, alkaline-earth metal, alkali metal, Th, IV family element); Such as TiNiSn, HfPdSnAnd half Heusler compound of intermetallic alloy (intermetallicalloy); Such asZn4Sb3、Sr8Ga16Ge30、Cs8Sn44、Co4TeSb4Inclusion compound (clathrate); Such asNaxCoO2、CaCo4O9、Bi2Sr2Co2OySr2TiO4、Sr3Ti2O7、Sr4Ti3O10、R1-xMxCoO3The oxide of (wherein R=rare earth metal and M=alkaline-earth metal); Srn+1TinO3n+1, wherein n isInteger; YBa2Cu3O7-x; Such as FeSi2、Mg2Si、Mn15Si26Silicide; Such as B4C、CaB6Boride; Bi2Ce3And derivative; PbCe and derivative thereof; Such as the antimony of zinc antimonideCompound; Such as Yb14MnSb4Zintl phase.
The invention still further relates to the purposes of electrothermal module as above, for the gas extraction system of internal combustion engine,Be preferably used in the motor vehicle such as automobile or truck. In this case, described electrothermal module spyNot for the heat generating from waste gas.
But in the time having washcoated layer on micro-heat exchanger, electrothermal module also can be reversed use,For pre-in (preferably during the cold start at the internal combustion engine of motor vehicle) during the cold start of internal combustion engineHot waste gas catalyst. In this case, electrothermal module is as peltier-element. When module is appliedWhen voltage difference, this module is transferred to hot side by heat from cold side. Pre-to exhaust gas catalyst causing thusPyrocondensation is short the cold start time of catalyst.
In addition, the invention still further relates to internal combustion engine exhaust system, be preferably the I. C. engine exhaust of motor vehicleSystem, it comprises the above-mentioned one or more electrothermal modules that are integrated in gas extraction system.
In this case, described gas extraction system is intended to represent such system: this system is connected toThe outlet of internal combustion engine, and in this system, waste gas is processed.
Electrothermal module according to the present invention has many advantages. The pressure loss in internal combustion engine exhaust systemVery low, especially in the time that micro-heat exchanger is applied by the washcoated layer of exhaust gas catalyst. By this integrationParts (integratedcomponent), can simplify the structure of gas extraction system significantly. Due to thisIntegral component can be integrated into the internal combustion engine in more close gas extraction system, therefore can be by higher waste gasTemperature offers electrothermal module. , can send out as peltier-element by reverse use electrothermal moduleHeat exhaust gases catalyst during the cold start of motivation.
Brief description of the drawings
Exemplary embodiment of the present invention is in the accompanying drawings by example, and more detailed in the following descriptionGround is described.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 3 illustrates the three-dimensional representation of the structure of thermoelectric generator; And
Fig. 4 illustrates the three-dimensional representation of the layer structure of thermoelectric generator.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 3 for example exemplifies such as the structure that can be inserted into the thermoelectric generator in motor vehicle exhaustion systemMake.
Blast pipe 10 leads to manifold 11, and waste gas is the directed internal combustion engine that leaves by blast pipe 10. DiscriminationPipe 11 has the cross-sectional area reducing gradually along the flow direction of waste gas. Manifold 11 exchanges in abutting connection with low-grade feverDevice 13. Micro-heat exchanger 13 is so that waste gas streams is crossed the mode of the passage in micro-heat exchanger 13 is connectedTo manifold 11. Passage in micro-heat exchanger leads to collector (collector) 15, and the low-grade fever of having flowed through is handed overThe waste gas of the passage in parallel operation is imported into other blast pipe 17 via this collector, this blast pipe 17End is generally the exhaust apparatus (exhaust) of internal combustion engine.
One side of each micro-heat exchanger 13 is connected to electrothermal module 19. Electrothermal module 19 with micro-The side that heat exchanger is relative is cooled. For this reason, preferably use flow through cold on electrothermal module 19But liquid, for example cooling water. In this case, first likely direct coolant by heat exchangeFor example, passage in device (, micro-heat exchanger). But, preferably, at electrothermal module 19 will quiltA cooling side arranges cooling duct 21, cooling fluid flow through this cooling duct 21, wherein cooling duct21 wall is formed by electrothermal module 19.
In a preferred embodiment, micro-heat exchanger 13, electrothermal module 19 and cooling duct 21 quiltsStacked, be wherein positioned at inner micro-heat exchanger 13 and be connected at its two opposite sides in each caseElectrothermal module 19, correspondingly, is positioned at inner cooling duct 21 in each case equally in its phaseAnti-both sides are connected to electrothermal module 19. Corresponding layer structure goes out by the example of Fig. 4. Here,Layer structure take cooling duct as boundary in top side and downside in each case. Cooling duct 21 and thermoelectricity mouldPiece 19 adjacency, electrothermal module 19 is connected to micro-heat exchanger 13 at opposite side. Micro-heat exchanger 13Other electrothermal module 19 and other cooling duct 21 afterwards.
This layer structure makes to use as well as possible the heat of waste gas and in little space, uses a large amount ofElectrothermal module 19.
Except the wherein each layer of main flow axle that is parallel to blast pipe 10 that have of example shown in Fig. 3 and 4 extendsLayer structure outside, layer structure can also be designed to make the each layer of main flow axle perpendicular to blast pipe 10Extend. But, with the orientation of each layer independently, the passage in micro-heat exchanger 13 preferably always fromManifold 11 is laterally (transversely) extension of main flow axle with respect to blast pipe 17 to collector 15.
In the case of the orientation of layer routine shown in Fig. 3 and 4, each layer can be wrapped in each caseDraw together a micro-heat exchanger 13 and an electrothermal module 19, or alternatively, can comprise correspondinglyThe multiple micro-heat exchangers 13 that are arranged side by side each other and/or multiple electrothermal module 19. If use multipleMicro-heat exchanger 13 and multiple electrothermal module 19, their contact area can have identical chiVery little or different sizes. Preferably, contact area has same size, so that a micro-heat exchanger13 are connected to an electrothermal module 19 in each case. In this embodiment, then can formMultiple laminations, the connection that is one another in series subsequently of these laminations, wherein each lamination is preferably oriented asCorresponding cooling duct 21 is adjacent to each other by its entrance and exit, thereby is formed on a succession ofContinuous cooling duct in lamination. In this case, the orientation of selected cooling duct is selected asMake relative to each other cross flow one of cooling fluid and waste gas. Alternatively, certainly can also make cooling ductAlong required any other direction orientation. Thus, cooling duct for example can also with micro-heat exchanger inChannel parallel ground extend.
Claims (17)
1. an electrothermal module, its by by conductive contact piece alternately interconnective p conductivity type andN conductivity type thermoelectric material piece composition, wherein said electrothermal module (19) is connected to heat-conducting modeMicro-heat exchanger (13), described micro-heat exchanger (13) comprises that multiple diameters are at most 1mm'sContinuous passage, the waste gas of internal combustion engine can flow through described passage, and wherein, hands over by described low-grade feverThe pressure loss that the described continuous passage for exhaust-gas flow of parallel operation produces is 100mbar at the most,The heat exchange surface of wherein said micro-heat exchanger is directly installed on gas extraction system or the afterbody of internal combustion engineIn blast pipe.
2. according to the electrothermal module of claim 1, wherein, described electrothermal module (19) is flat,And on interconnective described thermoelectric material piece, described electrothermal module (19) has in hot sideOn support plate, described support plate is connected to described micro-heat exchanger (13) with heat-conducting mode.
3. according to the electrothermal module of claim 1, wherein, described micro-heat exchanger (13) with described inElectrothermal module (19) integrally forms.
4. according to the electrothermal module of claim 1, wherein, described electrothermal module (19) with described inMicro-heat exchanger arranges protective layer between (13), described protective layer used in being protected from excessive temperature.
5. according to the electrothermal module of claim 4, wherein, described protective layer by fusing point in 250 DEG CInorganic metal salt or metal alloy to the scope of 1700 DEG C are made.
6. according to the electrothermal module of claim 1, wherein, the described passage quilt of described micro-heat exchangerBe coated with the washcoated layer of motor vehicle exhaust gases catalyst.
7. according to the electrothermal module of claim 6, wherein, described catalyst is following in transformingAt least one: is from NOxTo nitrogen, from hydrocarbon to CO2And H2O, and from CO to CO2。
8. according to the electrothermal module of any one in claim 1 to 7, wherein, hand over by described low-grade feverThe pressure loss that the described continuous passage for described exhaust-gas flow of parallel operation produces is at the most 50mbar。
9. according to the electrothermal module of any one in claim 1 to 7, wherein, described micro-heat exchangerMade by such Heat Conduction Material piece: described continuous passage is introduced in this Heat Conduction Material piece.
10. according to the electrothermal module of any one in claim 1 to 7, wherein, described low-grade fever exchangesThe ratio heat transfer area with respect to volume of device is 0.1 to 5m2/l。
11. according to the purposes of the electrothermal module of any one in claim 1 to 7, for internal combustion engineIn gas extraction system.
12. according to the purposes of claim 11, in the described gas extraction system for motor vehicle.
13. according to the purposes of claim 11, for the heat generating from waste gas.
14. according to the purposes of the electrothermal module of claim 6, for during the cold start of internal combustion engine,Preheating waste gas catalyst.
15. according to the purposes of claim 14, for during the cold start of motor vehicle, described in preheatingExhaust gas catalyst.
16. 1 kinds of internal combustion engine exhaust systems, comprise of being integrated in described gas extraction system or manyIndividual according to the electrothermal module of any one in claim 1 to 7.
17. according to the internal combustion engine exhaust system of claim 16, wherein, and described internal combustion engine exhaust systemFor the internal combustion engine exhaust system of motor vehicle.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| EP10186366.0 | 2010-10-04 | ||
| EP10186366 | 2010-10-04 | ||
| EP10190614.7 | 2010-11-10 | ||
| EP10190614 | 2010-11-10 | ||
| PCT/IB2011/054295 WO2012046170A1 (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-09-29 | Thermoelectric modules for exhaust system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103238227A CN103238227A (en) | 2013-08-07 |
| CN103238227B true CN103238227B (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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| CN201180058155.5A Expired - Fee Related CN103238227B (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-09-29 | For the electrothermal module of gas extraction system |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2625727A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6117102B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20130108381A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103238227B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112013007718A2 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW201230261A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012046170A1 (en) |
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| TW201322511A (en) * | 2011-10-04 | 2013-06-01 | Basf Se | Thermoelectric modules for an exhaust system |
| US9627600B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2017-04-18 | Yasunaga Corporation | Mg—Si system thermoelectric conversion material, method for producing same, sintered body for thermoelectric conversion, thermoelectric conversion element, and thermoelectric conversion module |
| FR3008716B1 (en) | 2013-07-17 | 2015-08-07 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | PROCESS FOR PREPARING A NANOPARTICLE DEPOSITION OF A METAL OR ALLOY ON A SUBSTRATE, SUBSTRATE THUS OBTAINED, AND ITS USES IN A THERMO-ELECTRIC RECUPERATOR OR EGR VALVE |
| EP3195376A1 (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2017-07-26 | Basf Se | Thermo-compression bonding of thermoelectric materials |
| WO2016074918A1 (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-05-19 | Basf Se | Thermoelectric device |
| US9551257B1 (en) | 2015-07-27 | 2017-01-24 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Arrangement of catalyzed TEG systems |
| CN111878193B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2021-11-05 | 杜慎之 | Heat radiator for engine exhaust system |
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| CN101517764A (en) * | 2006-07-28 | 2009-08-26 | Bsst有限责任公司 | High capacity thermoelectric temperature control systems |
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| JP3564274B2 (en) * | 1997-10-13 | 2004-09-08 | カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 | Waste heat power generator |
| CN2381023Y (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2000-05-31 | 北方专业设计工艺局“Nord” | Thermoelectric cooler |
| JP2000286469A (en) * | 1999-03-30 | 2000-10-13 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Thermoelectric power-generating device |
| JP2004140202A (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2004-05-13 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Thermoelectric conversion system |
| US20050111188A1 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2005-05-26 | Anandaroop Bhattacharya | Thermal management device for an integrated circuit |
| JP4305252B2 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2009-07-29 | 株式会社デンソー | Waste heat recovery device |
| JP2007329349A (en) * | 2006-06-08 | 2007-12-20 | Denso Corp | Thermoelectric conversion device and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2008111653A (en) * | 2006-10-17 | 2008-05-15 | Cooligy Inc | Cooler |
| JP2009150294A (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-07-09 | Hitachi Ltd | Exhaust gas treatment equipment |
| DE102008023937A1 (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-11-19 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Device for generating electrical energy from exhaust heat |
| DE102008063487A1 (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-06-24 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Device for generating electrical energy from an exhaust gas |
| CN101459397A (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2009-06-17 | 大连海事大学 | Residue heat temperature difference electricity conversion power generation system for internal combustion engine |
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2011
- 2011-09-29 EP EP11830269.4A patent/EP2625727A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-09-29 JP JP2013532298A patent/JP6117102B2/en active Active
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- 2011-09-29 CN CN201180058155.5A patent/CN103238227B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-09-29 WO PCT/IB2011/054295 patent/WO2012046170A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-09-29 KR KR1020137011384A patent/KR20130108381A/en not_active Ceased
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| CN101517764A (en) * | 2006-07-28 | 2009-08-26 | Bsst有限责任公司 | High capacity thermoelectric temperature control systems |
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| WO2012046170A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
| BR112013007718A2 (en) | 2017-10-10 |
| JP2013546167A (en) | 2013-12-26 |
| EP2625727A1 (en) | 2013-08-14 |
| TW201230261A (en) | 2012-07-16 |
| JP6117102B2 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
| EP2625727A4 (en) | 2014-06-11 |
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| KR20130108381A (en) | 2013-10-02 |
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