CN103232500A - Method for extracting tea saponin by adopting plant ash-quicklime precipitation - Google Patents
Method for extracting tea saponin by adopting plant ash-quicklime precipitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103232500A CN103232500A CN2013101622888A CN201310162288A CN103232500A CN 103232500 A CN103232500 A CN 103232500A CN 2013101622888 A CN2013101622888 A CN 2013101622888A CN 201310162288 A CN201310162288 A CN 201310162288A CN 103232500 A CN103232500 A CN 103232500A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种采用草木灰—生石灰沉淀提取茶皂素的方法，利用茶皂素溶于温水，易溶于碱性水溶液，而其钙化物（即茶皂素钙）不溶于水的物理特点，采用水溶性差异将茶皂素从油茶饼中分离出来。该方法所需设备简单无特殊要求（如高压、耐酸碱），可在现有水浸提设备中操作，获得可供工业生产所需的粗茶皂素；该方法可以减少传统化学沉淀法中使用工业酸碱进行反应中和造成的污染，具备显著的经济和社会效益。The invention discloses a method for extracting tea saponin by plant ash-quicklime precipitation, which utilizes the physical characteristics that tea saponin is soluble in warm water and easily soluble in alkaline aqueous solution, but its calcified substance (i.e. tea saponin calcium) is insoluble in water , using water solubility difference to separate tea saponin from camellia oleifera cake. The equipment required for this method is simple and has no special requirements (such as high pressure, acid and alkali resistance), and can be operated in existing water extraction equipment to obtain crude tea saponin for industrial production; this method can reduce the The use of industrial acid and alkali to neutralize the pollution caused by the reaction has significant economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical field, be specifically related to a kind of employing plant ash-unslaked lime precipitation and extract the method for tea saponin.
Background technology
Tea saponin (
Tea Saponin) be the pentacyclic triterpenoid that a class contains structure sugar and structure acid, its molecular formula is C
57H
90O
26, its Theaceae (
Theacease) Camellia (
Camellia) content is extremely abundant in each kind of plant, as oil tea (
Camellia oieifera), tea (
C.sinensis), the tea plum (
C.sasanqua), sharp leaf camellia (
C.cuspidated) etc.Tea saponin is a kind of pure natural nonionic surface active agent, and hydrophilic sugared body and hydrophobic aglucon group are arranged in its molecule.Therefore, have kinds of surface activity such as emulsification, dispersion, wetting, decontamination, foaming, steady bubble, be widely used in fields such as agricultural chemicals, medicine, daily-use chemical industry, food, building materials, and have hemolytic action, ichthyotoxin activity.China isolated tea saponin with commercial run first in 1979 from the degreasing tea seed cake, bigger progress was just arranged to the eighties.China southern hills area abounds with oil tea, according to incompletely statistics, about 500,000 tons of the cake of camellia oleifera seeds that annual oil expression back is left, most of grouts are worked as fuel and are burnt, or cheapness exports to countries such as Japan, South East Asia, the more seriously mouldy infested contaminate environment of the cake of camellia oleifera seeds of Ji Yaing, this has caused the very big wasting of resources.According to relevant bibliographical information, tea saponin content accounts for 10 % ~ 15 % other mainly is compositions such as carbohydrate, remaining tea oil, protein, fat, robust fibre in the oil tea cake.How from the oil tea cake, extract and obtain tea saponin, and fully utilize, have very important social benefit and economic worth.
Present stage, the improvement method that adopts of rice grass mainly contained: 1) water seaoning: water seaoning production technique, equipment are simple, less investment, instant effect; But production water treatment amount is big, and it is big to concentrate energy consumption, and tea saponin decomposes easily when dry, and the starch of a large amount of gelatinizations in the extracting solution, the protein of gelatinizing, causes the solid-liquid separation difficulty, and product colour is dark, purity is low.2) organic solvent method: based on extraction using alcohol, ethanol is inflammable and explosive, and price has the trend of rise, the tea saponin production cost is increased, and product colour is more shallow, purity is higher, is convenient to produce pulvis: but production technique, equipment are complicated, to the equipment requirements height, investment is big, the cost height.3) the former two's improvement: have the investigator that the extraction of tea saponin is furtherd investigate in recent years, extract tea saponin as adopting ultrasonic wave householder method and microwave-assisted method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of employing plant ash-unslaked lime precipitation to extract the method for tea saponin, this method required equipment does not simply have particular requirement (as high pressure, acid and alkali-resistance), can operate in existing flooding equipment, acquisition can supply the required thick tea saponin of industrial production; This method can reduce uses industrial soda acid to react the pollution that neutralization causes in the traditional chemical precipitator method, possess remarkable economical and social benefit.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of employing plant ash-unslaked lime precipitation is extracted the method for tea saponin, utilize tea saponin to be dissolved in warm water, be soluble in alkaline aqueous solution, and the water-fast physical characteristics of its calcified material (being tea saponin calcium) adopts water-soluble difference that tea saponin is separated from the oil tea cake.
Remarkable advantage of the present invention is: this method required equipment does not simply have particular requirement (as high pressure, acid and alkali-resistance), can operate in existing flooding equipment, and acquisition can supply the required thick tea saponin of industrial production; This method can reduce uses industrial soda acid to react the pollution that neutralization causes in the traditional chemical precipitator method, possess remarkable economical and social benefit.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
In preliminary experiment, with plant ash and water after the mixed according to 3:10, filter, obtain the pH value and be 8.18 the plant ash aqueous solution.After with 10g through pulverizing 0.9 millimeter in 20 staring blanklies footpath tea cake powder and the aforementioned plant ash aqueous solution according to being that 1:1 is dissolved in 100mL by solid-to-liquid ratio, be positioned over the lixiviate of carrying out 5h under 70 ℃.Record and filter back solution and record the pH value and be: 6.40.
Get the solution that 50 μ L constant volumes become 10mL then.Get 0.5ml then and measure liquid, do reference liquid with the plant ash aqueous solution, set wavelength be 540nm to record absorbancy be 0.213, calculate to such an extent that saponin content is about the 3.47g extraction yield and is about 32.3%, then the tea saponin aqueous solution is taken away and extracts pure tea saponin with the precipitator method and be weighed as 1.78g at last.
Again the 1g tea saponin is dissolved in ethanol at last and carries out absorbance measurement.By calculating, also contain other impurity in the 1g tea saponin material, be 0.736g according to tea saponin content among the 1g that calculates, the last tea saponin purity of extracting reaches about 56.2% as can be known.
Embodiment 2
After recording plant ash and the mixed of water according to 1:20 according to preliminary experiment, filter, obtaining the pH value of solution value is 8.16.Tea cake and the plant ash aqueous solution according to being dissolved in 100mL by feed liquid 1:1, are positioned over the lixiviate of carrying out 5h under 70 ℃.Record and filter back solution and record the pH value and be: 6.33.
Get the solution that 50 μ L constant volumes become 10mL then.Get 0.5ml then and carry out color reaction, do reference liquid with the plant ash aqueous solution, recording absorbancy is 0.188, calculates to such an extent that saponin content is about the 3g extraction yield and is about 30%, then the tea saponin aqueous solution is taken away to extract pure tea saponin with the precipitator method and be weighed as 1.08g at last.
Again the 1g tea saponin is dissolved in ethanol at last and carries out absorbance measurement.By calculating, also contain other impurity in the 1g tea saponin material, be 0.568g according to tea saponin content among the 1g that calculates, the last tea saponin purity of extracting reaches about 56.8% as can be known.
Embodiment 3
In preliminary experiment, with plant ash and water after the mixed according to 3:4, filter, obtain the pH value and be 8.18 the plant ash aqueous solution.After with 10g through pulverizing 0.9 millimeter in 20 staring blanklies footpath tea cake powder and the aforementioned plant ash aqueous solution according to being that 1:1 is dissolved in 100mL by solid-to-liquid ratio, be positioned over the lixiviate of carrying out 5h under 30 ℃.Record and filter back solution and record the pH value and be: 6.30.
Get the solution that 50 μ L constant volumes become 10mL then.Get 0.5ml then and measure liquid, do reference liquid with the plant ash aqueous solution, set wavelength be 540nm to record absorbancy be 0.222, calculate to such an extent that saponin content is about the 3.50g extraction yield and is about 32.6%, then the tea saponin aqueous solution is taken away and extracts pure tea saponin with the precipitator method and be weighed as 1.81g at last.
Again the 1g tea saponin is dissolved in ethanol at last and carries out absorbance measurement.By calculating, also contain other impurity in the 1g tea saponin material, be 0.751g according to tea saponin content among the 1g that calculates, the last tea saponin purity of extracting reaches about 56.4% as can be known.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equalizations of doing according to the present patent application claim change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is adopted plant ash-unslaked lime precipitation to extract the method for tea saponin, it is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1) be after 1:20 mixes, to filter filtrate for later use with plant ash and water according to mass ratio;
(2) plant ash solution with tea cake and step (1) is that 1:1 ~ 1:4 mixes according to solid-liquid ratio, and 40 ~ 80 ℃ of following lixiviate 2 ~ 6h get tea saponin solution;
(3) utilize unslaked lime precipitator method purification tea saponin.
2. employing plant ash according to claim 1-unslaked lime precipitation is extracted the method for tea saponin, it is characterized in that: the condition of unslaked lime precipitator method purification tea saponin is under the room temperature, the unslaked lime add-on is 12 ~ 14% of tea saponin solution weight, and reaction 3 ~ 5h gets the saponin calcium deposit.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4968787A (en) * | 1986-07-28 | 1990-11-06 | Seitetsu Kagaku Co., Ltd. | Method for treating glycoside |
| JP2008037771A (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2008-02-21 | Hyper Plants Co Ltd | Method for extracting valuable component from eriobotrya japonica seed |
| CN101830948A (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2010-09-15 | 武汉工业学院 | Method for preparing tea saponin by using tea seed degreased dreg |
| CN101962396A (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2011-02-02 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing tea saponin from oil tea cakes, tea seed meal, tea seed oil cakes |
| CN102260316A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2011-11-30 | 井冈山茶油有限公司 | Method for purifying tea saponin from oil tea seed cake pulp |
-
2013
- 2013-05-06 CN CN2013101622888A patent/CN103232500A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4968787A (en) * | 1986-07-28 | 1990-11-06 | Seitetsu Kagaku Co., Ltd. | Method for treating glycoside |
| JP2008037771A (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2008-02-21 | Hyper Plants Co Ltd | Method for extracting valuable component from eriobotrya japonica seed |
| CN101962396A (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2011-02-02 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing tea saponin from oil tea cakes, tea seed meal, tea seed oil cakes |
| CN101830948A (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2010-09-15 | 武汉工业学院 | Method for preparing tea saponin by using tea seed degreased dreg |
| CN102260316A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2011-11-30 | 井冈山茶油有限公司 | Method for purifying tea saponin from oil tea seed cake pulp |
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Application publication date: 20130807 |